ABSTRACT

From the recent times, the world has been going through life threaten pandemic corona virus.
Many peoples have passed away due to absence of therapeutic medical treatment as well as lack
of preventive technology. Especially, corona virus jeopardizes developing countries to
disturbances for instance our country threat to economic, social, political crisis due to
backwardness of technological progress as well as weak economic status.
Therefore, to keep away from these crises, it needs immediate preventive technology to fight
against pandemic corona virus. Due to this we initiate to design Wireless robot car disinfecting
the street from covid-19. It disinfects the environment where people mostly they work and move
as well as sanitize human touched materials in the way of street.
 BDU-BIT –FACULTYOF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING 2013 E.C

TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION ............................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
PROJECT APPROVAL SHEET ....................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................... i
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................ ii
LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................ iv
LIST OF ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................. iv
CHAPTER ONE .............................................................................................................................. 1
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background ....................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Statements of the Problem ..................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Objectives .................................................................................................................................. 2
1.3.1 General Objective ............................................................................................................ 2
1.3.2 Specific Objectives .......................................................................................................... 3
1.4 Scope of the Project ............................................................................................................... 3
1.5 Significance of the Project and Contribution ......................................................................... 3
CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................. 4
LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................................ 4
CHAPTER 3 .................................................................................................................................... 5
METHODOLOGY/SYSTEM DESIGN AND MODELLING ....................................................... 5
3.1 Methodology of the Project ................................................................................................... 5
3.1.1 General Procedures ......................................................................................................... 5
3.1.2 Flow Chart of the Project ................................................................................................ 6
3.2 System Design ....................................................................................................................... 7
3.3 System Requirements............................................................................................................. 9
3.3.1 Hardware Components .................................................................................................... 9
3.3.2 Software Components ................................................................................................... 19
CHAPTER FOUR ......................................................................................................................... 21
SIMULATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION .......................................................................... 21
4.1 Results .................................................................................................................................. 21
4.1.1 Overall Simulation of the System ................................................................................. 21
4.1.2 Hardware implementation ............................................................................................. 23

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CHAPTER FIVE ........................................................................................................................... 26
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ............................................................................ 26
5.1 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 26
5.2 Recommendation for Future Work ...................................................................................... 26
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................. 27
APPENDICES ................................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3. 1: General procedures of the project ................................................................................ 5
Figure 3. 2: Flow chart of the work ................................................................................................. 7
Figure 3. 3 : Block diagram of transmitter ...................................................................................... 9
Figure 3. 4: Block diagram of receiver ............................................................................................ 9
Figure 3. 5: Arduino UNO board................................................................................................... 10
Figure 3. 6: Arduino UNO pin description .................................................................................... 11
Figure 3. 7: GRBL shield .............................................................................................................. 14
Figure 3. 8: Stepper motor driver .................................................................................................. 14
Figure 3. 9: Stepper motor ............................................................................................................. 15
Figure 3. 10: Servo motor .............................................................................................................. 15
Figure 3. 11: Drill battery .............................................................................................................. 16
Figure 3. 12: Nine-volt battery ...................................................................................................... 16
Figure 3. 13: Copper board ............................................................................................................ 17
Figure 3. 14: Bearing ..................................................................................................................... 17
Figure 3. 15: XBee module............................................................................................................ 18
Figure 3. 16: Push button ............................................................................................................... 18
Figure 3. 17: Tread and nut ........................................................................................................... 18
Figure 3. 18: Sprayer nozzle .......................................................................................................... 18
Figure 3. 19:Arduino IDE working area ........................................................................................ 19
Figure 3. 20: Proteus 8.6 Software Simulation Field .................................................................... 20
Figure 4. 1: The overall system in proteus professional 8.6 .......................................................... 21
Figure 4. 2 : Simulation result of the overall system ..................................................................... 23
Figure 4. 3: Wireless robot car ...................................................................................................... 24
Figure 4. 4: Wireless remote controller ......................................................................................... 25

LIST OF ACRONYMS
DC……………………………………………………. Direct current
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GND…………………………………………………..Ground
IDE…………………………………………………… Integrated development environment
I/O…………………………………………………….. Input output
LED…………………………………………………... Light emitting diode
RX…………………………………………………. . . Receiver
TX……………………………………………………. Transmitter
SPI……………………………………………………..Serial peripheral interface
PWM………………………………………………….. Pulse width modulation
USB ……………………………………………………Universal Serial broadband

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 CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
For last months and until now, it has been difficult to minimize the spread of pandemic corona
virus throughout the world. Scientists have not gotten the solution even though they have
attempted to solve it. Many medical attempts run through medical laboratory but they have not
been satisfactory. Even if the medical vaccine will have been getting, the process of spread the
vaccine to the people throughout the world talking long time especially for developing countries
it is difficult to get the vaccine for their people on time, throughout this process peoples that
count in millions will pass away due to this we have to concentrate on the protective method.
Therefore, the main goal of this project is to minimize the spread of corona virus by sanitizing
people living environment, and enable peoples start to do their work as they did before. Hence
such type of project implementation will be helpful to avoid the dramatically increase of corona
virus through the country.
1.1 Background
The term Robot was first introduced by a Czech playwright Karel Capek in 1921. He wrote a
play called “Rossum‟s Universal Robots” that was about a slave class of manufactured human-
like servants and their struggle for freedom [1]. The Czech words robot loosely means
“compulsive servitude.” A robot is a programmable mechanical device that can perform tasks and
interact with its environment. It is also used to describe an intelligent mechanical device. The
improvement in the technology and more specifically in the field of robotics has simplified the
life of mankind. The word robotics was first used by the famous science fiction writer, Isaac
Asimov, in 1941. Robotics is one of the branches of technology and deals with designing,
creation, operations and applications of robots. The robotics word was derived from the word
robot. Robot can be as machine capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically
with the aid of computer programs and it is an important innovation of modern technology [2].
The basic components of a robot are the body (frame), control system, manipulators, and
drivetrain. The body can be any shape and size. Essentially, the body provides the structure of the
robot. The control system of a robot is equivalent to the central nervous system of a human. It
coordinates and controls all aspects of the robot. Sensors provide feedback based on the robot‟s
surroundings, which is then sent to the central processing unit (CPU). The CPU filters this
information through the robot‟s programming and makes decisions based on logic [3].
 BDU-BIT –FACULTYOF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING 2013 E.C
The same can be done with a variety of inputs or human commands. Manipulator is one of the
component of a robot, but it is not always necessary to integrate to robot. Just like the human
arm, the robot consists of what is called a manipulator having several joints and links. Sometimes
they are required to move or reorient objects from their environments without direct contact by
human operators. Drivetrain makes a robot able to move from location to location. It consists of a
powered method of mobility. Humanoid style robots use legs while most other robots use some
sort of wheeled solution. When we think of a robot, the first thing that comes to our mind is that
it is a machine that imitates a human. But in real terms, there is no standard definition for a robot.
The main goal of our project encourages developing a robotic vehicle based on XBee technology
for the remote operation connected with the robot for monitoring purpose. The transmitting
module consist of the push buttons that send the commands to the receiving module for
controlling the movement of robot either to right, left, forward, backward and also it control the
direction of spray nozzle.
In the receiving module of the robot two stepper motors are interfaced with the stepper motor
driver to control its movement via Arduino shield. The remote control (RF transmitter) has a
range of 50m to 200m that transmits the signals to the RF receiver. The receiver collects and
decodes the received signals before feeding it to the micro controller to drive the stepper motors
via motor drivers.
1.2 Statements of the Problem
Scientists have found that disinfecting public spaces really does help to reduce the spread of
corona virus. Environmental surface is likely to be contaminated with the covid-19 virus has
great impact on the fastest spread of corona virus, such as the health care settings where patients
with covid-19 are being cared for, working environment where person infected with covid-19
works for. etc. everywhere that will be in contact with a person infected with covid -19 must be
properly cleaned and disinfect to prevent further transmission. To help this disinfecting process
we develop wirelessly monitored robot car which carry disinfecting chemical and disinfect the
surrounding environment.
1.3 Objectives
1.3.1 General Objective
The main objective of this project is to design and implement wireless robot car to disinfect the
street from covid-19.

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1.3.2 Specific Objectives
 Design simulation code for both remote controller and robot car.
 To understand the program that makes the robot car work as desired.
 Simulate the system electrically using Arduino IDE and proteus professional 8.6.
 Design the wireless robot car and remote controller.
 To recognize how robot car is controlled remotely.
 To understand how robot car disinfects the street.
 To know the function of different modules used in the robot car
1.4 Scope of the Project
The scope of this project is from designing to implementation of the wireless robot car to
disinfect the street from covid-19.
Prepare Arduino code using a software called IDE.
Simulating the software with a soft called proteus 8 professional for the code.
Implementation of both the remote and the robot car.
1.5 Significance of the Project and Contribution
Now a day‟s, corona has been spreading due to lack of immediate medical solution as well as
preventive technology. The significance of our project is to decrease the spread of covid-19
throughout the country by sanitizing the street as well as any material which may touched by
covid-19 positive person. Since the robot car is programmable so it follows the path that given
from the code. So by eliminating any touch with anybody it disinfects the street as well.

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CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
Some research work has been published for solving the spread of corona virus through the world
using some technology temporarily. Some of them are:
Leon Xiao, who is senior research manager at Shenzhen Youibot in China, proposed fixed robot
system to disinfect corona virus in the company. The research has proposed that UV disinfection
and sterilization robot kills virus in the environment by decomposing their DNA structures, thus
preventing and reducing the spread of viruses. Due to the fact that the ultra violet ray hurts
human being health, they suggested the robot fixes at permanent place and start to sterilize the
human touched materials after people leave from work. The robot is not movable. Someone may
couch by corona virus ongoing his home due to un sanitized environment which is defected by
corona virus.
In [9], china has attempted to sanitize the air using flying airplane to prevent the spread of corona
virus throughout its population. It operated when people closed in their home since the sanitizing
chemical hurt human being. But it is not cost effective as well as human touched ground
materials can‟t be reached to sanitize by that mechanism.
In our project, what we focus and improve the above related work is that we use devices that are
available in local market. This makes our work is done with relatively minimum cost. Our
disinfecting robot is movable so as to disinfect the environment as well as street ground human
touched materials. It is remotely controlled by XBee module which controls the motion of robot
to disinfect environment and materials.

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CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY/SYSTEM DESIGN AND MODELLING
3.1 Methodology of the Project
3.1.1 General Procedures
The main goal of this project is to design and implement wireless robot car to disinfecting poly
campus from covid-19 using an Arduino UNO board. For effective as well as efficient design and
implementation of this wireless robot car corona virus disinfecting system the following
methodologies will be conducted.

Literature Survey and Data collection

Data Analysis and Rearranging

System Design and Simulation as

well as implementation

System Testing and Evaluation

Conclusion and Recommendation

Figure 3. 1: General procedures of the project

Literature survey and data collection
In order to design and simulate this project, literature survey and data collection are necessary for
analyzing of overall components of the system. The data will be gathered by collecting valid data
from internet, books and finding out literatures.
Data analysis and rearranging
After we are gathering sufficient data and information, we are going to arrange and analyze data
and information gained for system design and implementation. The data that well organized and
analyzed are necessary for successful design and implementation of the project.

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System design and simulation as well as implementation
This stage is the main part of our project. This includes overall system components and their
interconnection as well and simulation of all components and integrating them by using an
appropriate software. After we simulate right, we are going to implement the hardware.
System testing and evaluation
Testing is the method of realizing proper functioning of each components of the modeled system.
In this stage we are going to test and evaluate the working of our design and if it necessary we
modify the model in order to meet the proper function of the project.
Conclusion
Finally, we will conclude from our design of wireless robot car corona virus disinfecting system
and giving recommendations for future work.
3.1.2 Flow Chart of the Project
We follow these sequential methods to implement thesis successfully. The process should pass
the following stages.
 After the detail literature survey through the books, periodical journals, magazine,
website, the idea of the project is well defined.
 The logic is defined for the intelligence of the robot. It is programmed and upload it to
the Arduino by using Arduino IDE.
 The accuracy and visibility of the program end electronic components is tested the
simulation software proteus 8.6.
 After successful simulation result it is implemented in the hardware.
 Finally, the system tested and encountered error is omitted.

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Start

Search title

collect data and review literature related to

the title

Design simulation code in IDE

Verify and check the

No code that works as
desired?
Yes
Yes

Design wireless robot car and

remote controller

Fix the bug (error) Upload the code into the

hardware implementation

No Test as it works
as desired?

Yes
End

Figure 3. 2: Flow chart of the work

3.2 System Design

The wireless robot car to disinfect poly campus from covid-19 that we designed consists of two
parts which are hardware and Software. The hardware consists of many units such as the

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microcontroller (Arduino), stepper motor as well as its driver, servo motor, XBee, pump,
ultrasonic sensor, push button, LED and power supply. The central part of all hardware‟s is
Arduino UNO microcontroller. The microcontroller is the brain of this system; all these hardware
units connect to the microcontroller in order to get instruction to perform their own functions
successfully. Stepper motor, is connected with its driver, which enables to move the wheels of
robot car in any direction according to the command received through XBee and processed in
Arduino microcontroller. Stepper motor shield is an interfacing device to interface (connect)
stepper motor with Arduino UNO module. It has no other function beyond to interact two devices
mechanically. Servo motor makes the pump spray nozzle rotated in 180 degrees to spray the
sanitize chemical in all direction. It is mechanically connected with nozzle sprayer rotated pillar.
XBee, is a wireless communication technology, which sends and receives the command through
Arduino UNO microcontroller. Its main function is to interact the remote controller with the
robot car wirelessly. Pump is a mechanical device that that pull the chemical from chemical
container and push the chemical towards the sprayer nozzle. It is operated by relay which opens
and closes the pump. Ultrasonic sensor is object oriented device that detects obstacles faced to
robot for controlling from collision with objects near to it. Push button is a mechanical switch
that makes the XBee send the command in the remote controller towards the robot car. It directs
and controls the motion of the robot car such as forward, left, right or backward directions. Power
supply is DC battery to energize the system. The software consists of Arduino IDE and proteus
professional 8.6. Arduino IDE is used for sketching (writing) the codes on its working interface
and to get the hex file which is uploaded to the hardware after it has been verified. The proteus
professional 8.6 is used to sketch the PCB layout, and simulated to recognize the operation of
different modules. The system design architectures are as shown below.

Power supply

Arduino LED
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Figure 3. 3 : Block diagram of transmitter

Stepper motor

Stepper motor driver

Power Stepper motor Drill battery

supply shield

Arduino XBee
Pump

Servo motor

Figure 3. 4: Block diagram of receiver

3.3 System Requirements

Our wireless robot car to disinfecting street such as poly campus from covid-19 requires both
software for coding as well as simulation, and hardware components for implementation of the
system.
3.3.1 Hardware Components
3.3.1.1 Arduino UNO kit
Arduino is an open-source platform used for building electronics projects. Arduino consists of
both a physical programmable circuit board (often referred to as a microcontroller) and a piece of
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software, or IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that runs on your computer, used to
write and upload computer code to the physical board. The Arduino platform has become quite
popular with people just starting out with electronics, with Arduino UNO data sheet based board.
Unlike most previous programmable circuit boards, the Arduino does not need a separate piece of
hardware (called a programmer) in order to load new code onto the board, it simply uses a USB
cable. Additionally, the Arduino IDE uses a simplified version of C languages, making it easier
to learn to program. Finally, Arduino provides a standard form factor that breaks out the
functions of the micro-controller into a more accessible package.

Figure 3. 5: Arduino UNO board

The key features of Arduino include:
 Arduino boards are able to read analog or digital input signals from different sensors
reader,
and turn it into an output such as activating a buzzer, motor, turning LED on/off, control
l function of GSM which connected with it.
 You can control your board functions by sending a set of instructions to the
microcontroller on the board via Arduino IDE (referred to as uploading software).
 Unlike most previous programmable circuit boards, Arduino does not need an extra
piece of hardware (called a programmer) in order to load a new code onto the board.
We can simply use a USB cable.
 Additionally, the Arduino IDE uses a simplified version of C++, making it easier to
learn to program.
 Finally, Arduino provides a standard form factor that breaks the functions of the
microcontroller into a more accessible package.

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Power (USB) and pin configuration
Every Arduino board needs a way to be connected to a power source. The Arduino UNO can be
powered from a USB cable coming from your computer or a wall power supplies. It‟s not
allowed to use a power supply greater than 20 Volts as you will overpower and thereby destroy
the Arduino. The recommended voltage for most Arduino models is between 6 and 12 Volts. The
pins on your Arduino are the places where it will connect wires to construct a circuit probably in
conjunction with a breadboard and some wire. They usually have black plastic „headers‟ that
allow you to just plug a wire right into the board. The Arduino has several different kinds of
pins, each of which is labeled on the board and used for different functions.

Figure 3. 6: Arduino UNO pin description

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Pin-1: Power USB
Arduino board can be powered by using the USB cable from the computer. All you need to do is
connect the USB cable to the USB connection.
Pin-2: Power (Barrel Jack)
Arduino boards can be powered directly from the AC mains power supply by connecting it to the
barrel jack.
Pin-3: Voltage Regulator
The function of the voltage regulator is to control the voltage given to the Arduino board and
Stabilize the DC voltages used by the processor and other elements.
Pin-4: Crystal Oscillator
The crystal oscillator helps Arduino in dealing with time issues.
Pin-5 & 17: Arduino Reset
You can reset your Arduino board, i.e., starts your program from the beginning. You can reset the
UNO board in two ways. First, by using the reset button-17 on the board. Second, you can
connect an external reset button to the Arduino pin labeled RESET-5.
Pins-6, 7, 8 & 9 (3.3, 5, GND, VIN)
 3.3V (6): Supply 3.3 output volt
 5V (7): Supply 5 output volt
Most of the components used with Arduino board works fine with 3.3 V. and 5 V.
 GND (8) (Ground): There are several GND pins on the Arduino, any of which can be
used to ground your circuit.
 Vin (9): This pin also can be used to power the Arduino board from an external power
source, like AC mains power supply.
Analog Pins
The Arduino UNO board has five analog input pins A0 through A5. These pins can read the
signal from an analog sensor like the humidity sensor or temperature sensor and convert it into a
digital value that can be read by the microprocessor.
Pin 11: Main Microcontroller
Each Arduino board has its own microcontroller. You can assume it as the brain of your board.
The main IC (integrated circuit) on the Arduino is slightly different from board to board.
The information is available on the top of the IC.

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Pin-12: ICSP Pin
MOSI, MISO, SCK, RESET, VCC, and GND. It is often referred to as an SPI (Serial Peripheral
Interface), which could be considered as an "expansion" of the output. Actually, you
are slaving the output device to the master of the SPI bus.
Pin-13: Power LED Indicator
This LED should light up when you plug your Arduino into a power source to indicate that your
board is powered up correctly. If this light does not turn on, then there is something wrong with
the connection.
Pin-14: TX and RX LEDs
On your board, you will find two labels: TX (transmit) and RX (receive). They appear in two
places on the Arduino UNO board. First, at the digital pins 0 and 1, to indicate the pins
responsible for serial communication. Second, the TX and RX led. The TX led flashes with
different speed while sending the serial data. The speed of flashing depends on the baud rate used
by the board. RX flashes during the receiving process.
Pin-15: Digital I/O
The Arduino UNO board has 14 digital I/O pins (of which 6 provide PWM (Pulse Width
Modulation) output. These pins can be configured to work as input digital pins to read logic
values (0 or 1) or as digital output pins to drive different modules like LEDs, relays, etc. The pins
labeled “~” can be used to generate PWM.
Pin-16: AREF
AREF stands for Analog Reference. It is sometimes, used to set an external reference voltage
(between 0 and 5 Volts) as the upper limit for the analog input pins.
3.3.1.2 Arduino GRBL shield
GRBL shield is a shield that plugs onto the Arduino development platform transforming it into a
CNC controller using the GRBL CNC firmware.
GRBL Shield Features:
 Compatible with GRBL 0.6 and later versions

 Three stepper motors supporting X, Y and Z axes

 8x micro stepping
 2.5 amps per winding (bipolar steppers)
 12v-30v motor voltage supported
 Independent current control per axis

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 Motor connectors plug compatible with RepRap and Maker bot electronics
 Uses TI DRV8818 stepper drivers

Figure 3. 7: GRBL shield

3.3.1.3 Stepper motor driver
A stepper drive is the driver circuit that controls how the stepper motor operates. Stepper drives
work by sending current through various phases in pulses to the stepper motor. There are four
types: wave drives (also called one-phase-on drives), two-phase on, one-two phase-on drives and
micro stepping drives.

Figure 3. 8: Stepper motor driver

3.3.1.4 Nama 17 stepper motor
A stepper motor, also known as step motor or stepping motor, is a brushless DC electric motor
that divides a full rotation into a number of equal steps. The motor's position can then be
commanded to move and hold at one of these steps without any position sensor for feedback
(an open-loop controller), as long as the motor is carefully sized to the application in respect
to torque and speed. We use the stepper motor to rotate the wheels of robot car at a given angle
which moves robot car in a desired direction.

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Figure 3. 9: Stepper motor

3.3.1.5 Servo motor
In control engineering a servomechanism, sometimes shortened to servo, is an automatic device
that uses error-sensing negative feedback to correct the action of a mechanism. On displacement-
controlled applications, it usually includes a built-in encoder or other position feedback
mechanism to ensure the output is achieving the desired effect. The term correctly applies only to
systems where the feedback or error-correction signals help control mechanical position, speed,
attitude or any other measurable variables. For example, an automotive power window control is
not a servomechanism, as there is no automatic feedback that controls position the operator does
this by observation. By contrast a car's cruise control uses closed-loop feedback, which classifies
it as a servomechanism. We use servo motor to rotate the pump sprayer nozzle in some angles
continuously.

Figure 3. 10: Servo motor

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3.3.1.6 Drill battery
PTLDB18 Description Spare battery for Hilka 18V Li-ion Cordless Hammer Drill PTLCHD18.
Li-ion technology offers long run time between charges. DC 18 volts (Li-ion, 1300mAh). It is
rechargeable battery which gives power to stepper motor.

Figure 3. 11: Drill battery

3.3.1.7 Nine-volt battery, or 9-volt battery
It is a common size of battery that was introduced for the early transistor radios. It has a
rectangular prism shape with rounded edges and a polarized snap connector at the top. This type
is commonly used in walkie-talkies, clocks and smoke detectors. We use this DC battery to give
power for Arduino UNO, XBee, pump, and servo motor.

Figure 3. 12: Nine-volt battery

3.3.1.8 Copper board
It is printed circuit boards with 3 or more ounces of finished copper in the inner and/or outer
layers. We use copper board to build the overall system on it.

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Figure 3. 13: Copper board

3.3.1.9 Bearing
It is a machine element that constrains relative motion to only the desired motion, and
reduces friction between moving parts. The design of the bearing may, for example, provide for
free linear movement of the moving part or for free rotation around a fixed axis; or, it
may prevent a motion by controlling the vectors of normal forces that bear on the moving parts.
Most bearings facilitate the desired motion by minimizing friction. Bearings are classified
broadly according to the type of operation, the motions allowed, or to the directions of the loads
(forces) applied to the parts. We use a bearing for supporting the rotation of the pump pillar.

Figure 3. 14: Bearing

3.3.2.10 Jumper wires
It is a cable used to transfer electric current. It is applicable to interconnect different hardware
components as desired.
3.3.2.11 XBee module
It is the brand name of a popular family of form factor compatible wireless connectivity modules
from Digi International. We use XBee for sending and receiving commands wirelessly to connect
remote controller with robot car.

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Figure 3. 15: XBee module

3.3.2.12 Push-button
It is a simple switch mechanism to control some aspect of a machine or a process. We use push
button to control the direction of robot car movement. It placed on the remote controller.

Figure 3. 16: Push button

3.3.2.13 Tread and nut
A screw tread is a helical groove on a shaft. When used for delivering power, it is called a drive
screw. The nut is used to fix components at a fixed place.

Figure 3. 17: Tread and nut

3.3.2.14 Sprayer nozzle and plastic tube
It is a small curved tube used to spray the disinfectant chemical solution.

Figure 3. 18: Sprayer nozzle

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3.3.2.15 Power supply
It is the source of power for the function of the overall system. Arduino board can get power
from personal computer which gives DC voltage, DC battery, electric source power from socket
via efficient step-down transformer, rectifier, resistor, capacitor contained device.
3.3.2 Software Components
3.3.2.1 Arduino IDE Software
The Arduino Integrated Development Environment or Arduino software (IDE) contains a text
editor for writing code, a message area, a text console, a toolbar with buttons for common
functions and a series of menus. It connects to the Arduino and Genuine hardware to upload
programs and communicate with them. The IDE is environment of software to build the program
call sketches. The IDE job is to define the C program language to write, analyze, and send the co
de for microcontroller board. The microcontroller usually uses the C program language. The IDE
supports the user that can work on C program language.

Figure 3. 19:Arduino IDE working area

3.3.2.2 Proteus software
The Proteus is an electronic circuit design software which includes a schematic capture,
simulation and PCB (Printed Circuit Board) layout modules. Proteus is a head in simulating the
circuits containing the micro controllers where we can simulate the circuit by uploading the hex
file to the microcontroller.

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It is mainly popular because of availability of almost all microcontrollers in it. So, it is a handy
tool to test programs and embedded designs for electronics hobbyist. We have used proteus
professional 8.6 software to simulate our system programs.

Figure 3. 20: Proteus 8.6 Software Simulation Field

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CHAPTER FOUR

SIMULATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Results
In this chapter, we have briefly described the simulation of the different parts of the project, the
overall simulation of the project, implementation of robot car and remote controller, and at the
end the results and discussions made from implementation.

4.1.1 Overall Simulation of the System

Our project, wireless robot car based corona disinfection system has two physically as well as
electrically separated but wirelessly connected through XBee categories. The two systems are
remote controller and robot car. The remote controller consists Arduino UNO, XBee, six push
buttons, resistors and power supplies. The robot car consists Arduino UNO, XBee, two stepper
motors, two stepper motor drivers, one pump, one relay switch and power supplies. The remote
controller and the robot car interconnected wirelessly through XBee modules. The overall PCB
schematic of the system is constructed in proteus simulation software as shown figure 4.1 below.

Figure 4. 1: The overall system in proteus professional 8.6

The function of each component and the simulation result are described as follows.
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 Arduino UNO: it has a microcontroller that controls the overall components as well as
operation and makes decision based on the program loaded on it.
 XBee: it interconnects the two separated systems wirelessly. The two XBee communicate
each other by sending and receiving commands. The XBee on the remote controller (left
side in the above figure) is transmitter whereas on the robot car (right side in the above
figure) is the receiver.
 Push buttons: they instruct Arduino to operate according to the program loaded on it. They
are placed on the remote controller. They make Arduino sends instructions towards robot
car through XBee module.
 Resistors: they limit the supply power to different components.
 Stepper motors: they rotate in angular motion to make the wheels of robot car dribble in the
desired directions based on the pressed push buttons according to the program. They are
placed on the receiver system.
 Stepper motor drivers: they initiate the stepper motors which rotates angular motion. They
are placed on the receiver system.
 Pump: it rotates in a circular motion to pull and push sanitizing chemical. They are placed
on the receiver system.
The simulation result figure below shows when the remote controller and robot car exchange
message of instruction wirelessly through their XBee modules. When we simulate the system, the
two XBee change their original shapes into trapezium shapes which indicate the remote
controller and robot car are connected wirelessly through XBee modules. And then the operation
of the robot car is controlled by push buttons of the remote controller since the push buttons are
installed on the remote controller. When we press the left push button, the left stepper motor
starts to rotate in anti-clockwise direction that makes roll the left wheel of the robot car in the left
direction. When we press the right push button, the right stepper motor starts to rotate in anti-
clockwise direction that makes roll the right wheel of the robot car in the right direction. When
we press front push button, both the left and the right stepper motors rotate in anti-clockwise
direction which make roll both the right as well as the left wheels of the robot car in the front
direction. When we press the start push button, the relay switch closed and immediately the pump
starts to rotate in clockwise direction which shows the sprayer nozzle sprays sanitizing chemical
towards the environment. Generally, by this principle our system can disinfect the infected
environment by corona virus.

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Figure 4. 2 : Simulation result of the overall system

4.1.2 Hardware implementation
We have implemented wireless robot car and remote controller.
4.1.2.1 Wireless robot car
Figure 4.3 below shows that the hardware implementation of wireless robot car which disinfects
the infected environment by spraying chemical. When we give power to the robot car through DC
battery, Arduino and XBee modules generate red light. The robot car moves toward any direction
to disinfect corona virus. The pump makes chemical flows from the container to the spray nozzle
through tube. It sprays chemical through spray nozzle. The robot car operation is controlled by
remote controller. It communicates wirelessly with remote controller through XBee module.

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Figure 4. 3: Wireless robot car

4.1.2.2 Wireless remote controller
Figure 4.4 below shows that the hardware implementation of remote controller. It controls the
overall operation of the robot car wirelessly through XBee modules. When we give DC battery
power to it, Arduino and XBee modules generate red light. It has six push buttons to instruct it
sends command towards robot car.
Remote controller controls the motion, direction and operation of robot car.

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Figure 4. 4: Wireless remote controller

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CHAPTER FIVE

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Conclusion
Our project works on disinfecting corona virus through preventive technology system. This
preventive technology is a wireless robot car disinfecting system. It has two separated systems
those are wireless robot car and remote controller. The two system interact (communicate) each
other wirelessly through XBee Modules. Wireless robot car moves toward any direction to
disinfect environment from corona virus. Wireless robot car sprays sanitizing chemical through
sprayer nozzle into the environment. Its operation is controlled by the remote controller. Remote
controller controls the movement and overall operation of wireless robot car by sending
instruction command through XBee module to the robot car. The system operates based on the
given program uploaded on the right materials (modules) as well. The system has been working
efficiently to disinfect life threaten corona virus. It can work anywhere such as poly campus,
hospitals, large government office etc.
The implementation of wireless robot car corona disinfecting system has many merits. It
disinfects infected the environment from corona virus, which threaten lives of human being. It
makes people work their job with our any fear attacked by corona virus. It saves human life.
5.2 Recommendation for Future Work
We have already designed, simulated and implemented wireless robot car as well as remote
controller based corona virus disinfection system. It disinfects the environment by spraying the
sanitizing chemical. The operation of the robot car is controlled by remote controller.
We recommend anyone, who is interested in the present difficulty condition of the world people
of life, should design and implement humanoid robot to disinfect the environment from corona
virus. The humanoid robot performs any task by itself without the need of anyone interference.

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