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Updated Lab Manual - F

This document describes a 1 degree of freedom vibration experiment involving a spring-mass-damper system attached to a beam. The experiment aims to: 1. Determine the system's natural frequency and validate the spring constant K. 2. Use the logarithmic decrement method to estimate the damping ratio ζ and determine the damper rate C. 3. Verify calculated damped natural frequencies under different loads and estimate the amplitude ratio and frequency for forced vibrations. The experiment involves measuring the linear displacement of the mass as it is excited by an electric motor. Results will be used to experimentally estimate key system parameters and validate the theoretical equation of motion for the mass-spring-damper system.

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Daniel Kalder
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103 views2 pages

Updated Lab Manual - F

This document describes a 1 degree of freedom vibration experiment involving a spring-mass-damper system attached to a beam. The experiment aims to: 1. Determine the system's natural frequency and validate the spring constant K. 2. Use the logarithmic decrement method to estimate the damping ratio ζ and determine the damper rate C. 3. Verify calculated damped natural frequencies under different loads and estimate the amplitude ratio and frequency for forced vibrations. The experiment involves measuring the linear displacement of the mass as it is excited by an electric motor. Results will be used to experimentally estimate key system parameters and validate the theoretical equation of motion for the mass-spring-damper system.

Uploaded by

Daniel Kalder
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Course (s) Year

B59MC-Vibrations Analysis and Control 3


Subject Semester (s)
Dynamics 2
Laboratory Title
One Degree of Freedom Vibration Experiment –
Free & Forced Response
Introduction
In this experiment, a spring-mass-damper system is attached to a beam which pivoted at one
end as shown in figure 1. The system is excited by an electric motor driving a disc. The linear
displacement of the mass is measured. The aim of the experiment is to determine the
system’s natural frequency, the value of the spring constant, K, and the rate of the viscous
damper C. These experimental values will be validated finally by a simple frequency response
test.

Figure 1: Sketch of Apparatus

Theoretical Considerations 1
The equation of motion for mass-spring-damper system is:
𝑀𝑥 𝐶𝑥 𝐾𝑥 𝑌 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔 𝑡 (1)
where
C is the equivalent damping
K is the spring stiffness
Y is the displacement due to external excitation
x is the displacement of the mass
All other symbols are defined in figure 1
(Note:Your report should show how this equation is obtained.)

Part 1
Determine the system natural frequency, and hence the natural period T. Check the value of the
stiffness K.

Part 2
The damping ratio  may be determined by several techniques. In this laboratory the logarithmic
decrement method will be used to obtain an estimate of the damping.
Logarithmic Decrement
The logarithmic decrement technique is illustrated by figure 2 and theoretical notes on how it is
developed are available in the third year programme notes or in the programme text book (W.T.
Thomson)

Figure 2
The damping ratio is obtained from measurements of x(1) and x(n+1) followed by substitution into:
 x1  2n
Ln   (5)
 xn  1  1 2
Use the apparatus provided to generate a ring-down curve similar to figure 2 and hence obtain
an estimate of the damping ratio  using equation (8) and hence determine the damper rate C.

With arbitrary loads (suggested by the lab supervisor) placed at positions d calculate the
2
damped natural frequency of the system (  d   n 1   ). Use the apparatus provided
to verify your calculated value.

Part 3
For the forced vibration experiment, estimate the amplitude ratio and the frequency.

Lab Marking Scheme – 1 degree of freedom

Item Marks (%) Awarded


Introduction and applications 5
Proper derivation of equations of motion 15
Description of apparatus 10
Description of experiment (Free and Forced) 10
and how to perform measurements.
Results 20
Experimental and theoretical Estimates of 10
system parameters. Estimates of frequencies,
stiffness k , damping ratio ζ and damping
constant C
Error analysis 10
Discussion, reasons for errors etc., and 20
conclusions

Total 100

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