Lec 10
Lec 10
Lec 10
Z - Transform
2
Inverse z-transform
The inverse Z –transforms can be obtained by
using any one of the following methods.
• Expansion into a series of z
– Long division method
• Partial fraction method
• Direct evaluation by contour integration
3
Long division method
Example 1: Determine the inverse z-transform
of
1
X ( z)
3 1 1 2
1 z z
2 2
4
3 1 7 2 15 3
a 1 z z z ...
3 1 1 2 2 4 8
1 z z 1
2 2
3 1 1 2
1 z z
2 2
3 1 1 2
0 z z
2 2
3 1 9 2 3 3
z z z
2 4 4
7 2 3 3
0 z z
4 4
7 2 21 3 7 4
z z z
4 8 8
15 3 45 4 15 5
0 z z z
8 16 16
3 1 7 2 15 3
X ( z ) 1 z z z ...
2 4 8
3 7 15
x(n) 1 , , , , ...
2 4 8
b
1 2 3 1 2 z 2
6 z 3
14 z ... 4
z z 1 1
2 2
1 3z 2 z 2
0 3z 2 z 2
3z 9 z 6 z
2 3
0 7z 6z
2 3
7 z 21z 14 z
2 3 4
0 15 z 14 z
3 4
X ( z ) 2 z 6 z 14 z ...
2 3 4
x(n) .... , 14 , 6 , 2 , 0 , 0
Long division method
Example 2: Determine the inverse z-transform
of the causal signal
1
X( z ) 1 2
1 1.5z 0.5z
Solution: By dividing the numerator of X(z) by its
denominator, we obtain the power series
1 3 1 7 2 15 3 31 4
3 1 2
1 z z z 16 z ...
1 2 z 2 z
1 2 4 8
9
Long division method
Example 3:Determine the inverse z - transform
of casual signal 1
4 z
X (z)
2 2 z 1 z 2
By dividing the numerator of X(z) by its
denominator, we obtain the power series
1 2 3
X ( z ) 2 1.5 z 0.5 z 0.25 z ...
4 4 z 1 2 z 2
0 3z 1 2 z 2
1 3 3
2
3z 3z z
2
2 3 3
0 z z
2
2 3 1 4
z z z
2
1 3 1 4
0 z z
2 2 11