MATRICES: elements bm a Kectan: mot Wilke nos su Hows Wa Bp ERFin0 y (ei) — vs then srdy = mxn neraf stemert Ti” hamranta 24008 Ta) tig voukiel > colenns | 9 : by Mn an ae n> columas sat yp. Yew Row mabrix honing. only ont row f= (ay) \ejew ‘enengo EI lolamn makix dairy only one oe Lay ae Gs Yn) ‘my Sona. beret mabtin< wie of Pate Horizontal matrix > no of solemn (a) x 0 of 10RS ee ta 24688 Mo vabeal matrix 10. of columns (m) < no. of rows as pom “4 vchices BOB sok ie =4, or Sar x00 molin: — mahix of ordeny with, ath entries a O wn We we pesquare matin: of oes Cm) = n0.of cums 1) dangynal elements = whee id 2 By Qs % Trace of « mahin = sum of damants Cory for egimrt) = a Onn +299 TM) = Zi divided tw 2 Regions Speageagehix \ ir above he nal below bint ee ge tea YF wariion ot ota upper Lowey e hag (dyed) bes aij ig; is] bry aye ajo0 ee) 1 ‘ej chor Kae ee oe woo ele ding climen ole ey » tee gual dinede = L Sr eee ot ran ms in fing ais mates = abe dep eR [: 23] (: ¥ ‘| «| trang uley |= prota of agen< 2 | Aagont men] 2° A deer 7+ pao mibices ton be addtd/Stb |. Ax ee +A + sealer multiptica j me orde only if tay fave some ovdey | (nrayee © ar (ore) ka epee Are HC Cait i) | Additve Inverge © A+0=0 ( cy tN eter minen’ A&B ore odd. inv. PORDAS (ry pn BA cao gy Soba te a 5 ft’is epabl eo op 10) we nee)- HAs te rein Gxp ~ Cop of the Second te (mA) = Kira) wn ty (a8) = CBA EF ans Pr e Ve ky la a + Not lommutahre AB 8% Simo damnonk. of mre 10 ( nel ES os + AB=0 7B Aro 8-0 rl er : S Juan ef ethew matrix + But if Azo or Boo > ABO t 19 P04 of first ind 1a be es hea teh tat ip nan ae fo Oe emma |[ 5 + Bags * Bae but if O=C > AOmAC 4 & 7] obs = Cara, + if AB = Bap AXE commute . fae Gaz tit a by + AB = ~BA > ALB Ant —commute ys abt Ay by Hlyby ow (asec mld + Alero) ABLAE mt eg oto of #Powers 0E A MmATRIK ahs Aha A (nee) « xdempotent makin © RA then 8° ate a SA Qn es, , Davohe tory Makix Are then B2Az..=4 Dent & Aer Be pee a aE aft A” = Fi + Nibpotent Mabix > Ake a after & ecw poodt 15 0 - (any = aaa + Powodie Matix! pan (x =pourd) (499 14,6,9) dig ( 2) Some patterns oe powers of matin is hoe pattoun O pel ad a @ stonlarly fer © ‘all -sin® wsO . o Pe 508 tp (are) p Aer Or 4208 re fasnO sian? ie ie me =(AB)CA4B) = pts BA ABT E™ (ArBys ole net use 7 bai nek for > algebraic forwmlamh if (Atty = AP Lean e + (Are # Art 2Abr B™ LS le oe eke pty es)? shply ayeotaic formales y (nes) ved #2 B2(ZtA) — Beet) Gell Gane 10 Tes : hapodiee sien + waeye * (eal KIA - (8) 8H Woy Seer + tr (a= ih) valise Trane rece oF A MATRIX np Aas K totnns if A> Cifdann, MO Ato al = (Hi) = © bros pe renee _ spel ues ear Ag Fetor pe fone | & Be PART Pipe el he a ee fre PTR ethic recurs me 23] nando 0) ny PTR PY nei oi ay ag % | thew te (A aa eee, 1 fo 5 sues of ole dome a5 the pw 4 2 = apr adeast ax ageSymmehic Matix Stew —symmelie Melvin 0 Ate A 4 + diogunol ack: a6 & mittee : a crt + daagonel act as regahre sninvor ape ay 14% | mathe tn ay eB if SO ee i sae an a3 %3 Au ta ay, ut —t fate no nec a ee = =a =A 4 Ficnmes below dingonet, are alrta selected a i ne 7 10 of mon distinct cotres = fy + 09 2 daggrab elemen's me Zero = ay nay 2 BR? + determinant of ade order, Aral = symnehic ° pk Mec ayn OX = A Al = skoo agrmeic: [2]*= 2 + [og jmp] = arbre | tong mates] = produ of degorale + det ( sha Spon (odd vrdex))) = 0 if apne ae + if Wet [involury ) [pl=22 . = ay Cy IM + By anre cum of produt of ements of Zeon) wit its rey echVE “ype nt + |atl= fal leap = KYLA + |ABI= aye) ORTHOGONAL MATRIX AAT= 2 ATA wk jajeed 1 if A&B are orbhogonel then AB BA -» howe pT At ave Or thegonod woGHaracterstic Eovation k cacy HAMILTON GUARACTERSTIMERUATION K CALE YatIAOULTON for & gure ee ee is ie ee cheracter sh oo wali, sahspes ifs peracteree —— OY operate 97" 2 Replace ) With & t Prt aht bE=Oe Pee a AMe BAT CI=o sumof-roote of ce > ty (A) pre duck of weok: = Ja) fr Fogg = — HLA) _ it rehome a polynomial ine terme of 'X iL A is ann —> = Mrarrb—[o A ig 3x39 OE Mane bec=O Grample® mz f nrg resi a = *I+ PM [ 11088 oT Prt fad 4p fr) HE Mey I eye bo Theorems 1s, seals Pe doravtashe yy A or Dd teemar Imre Wes ae ako iy fi kik 9 op-a a be, wed 1 ioverece & hi ® mndithong, Soave 4 id) ena soe 0" sls nr ym -2L=0 wr jae fa w Wl Mer > Me Erm nolipy tg 4 2 poxSyston of Ancor 09% aa bo ant bg 14K 4 (383) ‘{ i] a xt byt arnh a a byt th Eto a, ali sites 9 ~ ape oe in tansistent (No Sen) faite soln Infinite: on |al-o phew 1a) y k& but (ay A) & #O (aqnane (3)