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Tutorial 1

This document contains a tutorial sheet with 13 problems involving Gauss elimination and Gauss-Jordan methods for solving systems of linear equations. The problems cover determining if equations are linear, identifying matrices in row-echelon and reduced row-echelon form, using Gauss elimination to find solutions to systems of equations, determining values of parameters for which systems have no, unique, or infinitely many solutions, and identifying if a system has any nontrivial solutions.

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Chinmay Sogani
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9 views

Tutorial 1

This document contains a tutorial sheet with 13 problems involving Gauss elimination and Gauss-Jordan methods for solving systems of linear equations. The problems cover determining if equations are linear, identifying matrices in row-echelon and reduced row-echelon form, using Gauss elimination to find solutions to systems of equations, determining values of parameters for which systems have no, unique, or infinitely many solutions, and identifying if a system has any nontrivial solutions.

Uploaded by

Chinmay Sogani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-K K Birla Goa Campus

Second Semester 2021-2022

MATHEMATICS-II (MATH F112)

Tutorial Sheet-1

Topic: Gauss elimination and Gauss-Jordon Methods

1. Which of the following are linear equations in x1 , x2 and x3 ?

√
• x1 + 5x2 − 2x3 = 1,

• x1 + 3x2 + x1 x3 = 2,

• x−2
1 + x2 + 8x3 = 5,

• x1 − x2 + x3 = sin x1 ,
√
• πx1 − 2x2 + 13 x3 = 71/3 .
2. Which of the following 3 × 3 matrices are in row-echelon form?
     
1 2 0 1 0 0 1 5 −3
A =  0 1 0 , B =  0 1 0 , C =  0 1 1 ,
0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
 
1 2 3
D =  0 0 0 .
0 0 1
3. Which of the following 3 × 3 matrices are in reduced row-echelon form?
     
1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
A= 0 1 0 , B =  0 1 0 , C =  0 0 1 ,
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
     
1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
D= 0  0 0 , E =  0 0 1 , F =  1 0 0 .
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
4. Reduce  
2 1 3
A =  0 −2 −29  ,
3 4 5
to row-echelon and reduced row-echelon form.

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5. Use Gauss elimination method to determine all possible solutions of the following system
of linear equations:
x1 + x2 + x3 = 1,
x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 = 0,
3x1 + 5x2 + 4x3 = 4.

6. Use Gauss-elimination method to find all the solutions of (if any)

−x1 + 3x2 − x3 = −10,

2x1 − 2x2 − 3x3 = −2,


−x1 + x2 + 3x3 = 4,
x1 − 3x2 + 4x3 = 15.

7. Use Gauss elimination method to determine all possible solutions of the following system
of linear equations:
3x1 − 2x2 + 4x3 = −54,
−x1 + x2 − 2x3 = 20,
5x1 − 4x2 + 8x3 = −83.

8. Use Gauss elimination method to determine all possible solutions of the following system
of linear equations:
4x1 − 2x2 − 7x3 = 5,
−6x1 + 5x2 + 10x3 = −11,
−2x1 + 3x2 + 4x3 = −3,
−3x1 + 2x2 + 5x3 = −5.

9. For what values of λ the homogeneous system

(λ − 1) x + 2y = 0,
2x + (λ − 1) y = 0,

have a nontrivial solution?

10. For what values of λ the following system has

x + 2y − 3z = 4,
3x − y + 5z = 2,
4x + y + λ2 − 14 z = λ + 2,


(a) no solution.
(b) unique solution.
(c) infinitely many solutions.

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11. Use reduced row echelon form to find all possible solutions of the system:

−x1 + 3x2 + 7x3 + 2x4 = 4,

6x1 − 2x2 − 3x3 + 9x4 = 30,


8x1 + x2 + 4x3 − 5x4 = −33,
−7x1 − 2x3 + x4 = 15.

12. Let a be a real number. Consider the following system of equations:

x1 + x2 + x3 = 3,

x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 = 6,
x1 + 4x2 + ax3 = 14.
Then
(i) For what values of a, the system has no solution.
(ii) For what values of a, the system has infinitely many solutions.
(iii) For what values of a, the system has unique solutions.

13. Does the system of equations have any nontrivial solution? Justify your answer:

2x1 − 3x2 + x3 = 0,

x1 + 2x2 − x3 = 0,
3x1 − x2 = 0.

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