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11. With respect to a fixed origin O the lines l1 and l2 are given by the equations
 14  −2  p  q
l1: r =  −6 + λ  1 l2: r =  −7 + µ  2
       
 −13  4  4  1

where and are scalar parameters and p and q are constants.

Given that l1 and l2 are perpendicular,

(a) show that q = 3

(2)

Given further that l1 and l2 intersect at point X,

find

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(b) the value of p,
(5)

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(c) the coordinates of X.
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 6
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The point A lies on l1 and has position vector  −2 
 3
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Given that point B also lies on l1 and that AB = 2AX

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(d) find the two possible position vectors of B.

(3)
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4. A

O B
b
Figure 2

Figure 2 shows the points A and B with position vectors a and b respectively, relative to a
fixed origin O.

Given that |a| = 5, |b| = 6 and a.b = 20

(a) find the cosine of angle AOB,

(2)

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(b) find the exact length of AB.
(2)

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(c) Show that the area of triangle OAB is 5 5
(3)
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12. (i) Relative to a fixed origin O, the line l1 is given by the equation

 −5  2
l1: r =  1 +  −3 where is a scalar parameter.
   
 6  1

The point P lies on l1. Given that OP is perpendicular to l1, calculate the
coordinates of P.
(5)

(ii) Relative to a fixed origin O, the line l2 is given by the equation

 4  5
l2: r =  −3 +  −3 where is a scalar parameter.
   
 12   4

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The point A does not lie on l2. Given that the vector OA is parallel to the line l2
and |OA | = 2 units, calculate the possible position vectors of the point A.
(5)
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12. With respect to a fixed origin O, the lines l1 and l2 are given by the equations

 12  5  2  0

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l1 : r =  −4 +  −4 , l2 : r =  2 +  6
       
 5  2  0  3

where and are scalar parameters.

(a) Show that l1 and l2 meet, and find the position vector of their point of intersection A.
(6)

(b) Find, to the nearest 0.1 , the acute angle between l1 and l2
(3)
 7
The point B has position vector  0 .
 

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 3

(c) Show that B lies on l1

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(1)

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(d) Find the shortest distance from B to the line l2, giving your answer to 3 significant
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figures.
(4)
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11. With respect to a fixed origin O, the lines l1 and l2 are given by the equations

 7  1

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l1 : r =  4 + λ  1
   
 9  4

 −6  5
l2 : r =  −7 + μ  4
   
 3  b

where and are scalar parameters and b is a constant.

Given that l1 and l2 meet at the point X,

(a) show that b = –3 and find the coordinates of X.

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(5)

The point A lies on l1 and has coordinates (6, 3, 5)

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The point B lies on l2 and has coordinates (14, 9, – 9)
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(b) Show that angle AXB = arccos  − 
 10 
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(4)

(c) Using the result obtained in part (b), find the exact area of triangle AXB.
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Write your answer in the form p q where and are integers to be determined.
(3)
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14. ABCD is a parallelogram with AB parallel to DC and AD parallel to BC.
The position vectors of A, B, C, and D relative to a fixed origin O are a, b, c and d
respectively.

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Given that

a = i + j – 2k, b = 3i – j + 6k, c = – i + 3j + 6k

(a) find the position vector d,

(3)

(b) find the angle between the sides AB and BC of the parallelogram,
(4)

(c) find the area of the parallelogram ABCD.

(2)

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The point E lies on the line through the points C and D, so that D is the midpoint of CE.

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(d) Use your answer to part (c) to find the area of the trapezium ABCE.

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理 (2)
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 5  6
6. The line l1 has vector equation r = −2 + λ 3 , where
   is a scalar parameter.
   

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 4  −1

 10  3
The line l2 has vector equation r =  5 +  1 , where is a scalar parameter.
   
 −3  2

Justify, giving reasons in each case, whether the lines l1 and l2 are parallel, intersecting or
skew.
(6)
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9. B

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A

C
Figure 2

Figure 2 shows a sketch of a triangle ABC.

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Given AB = 2i + 3j – 2k and AC = 5i – 6j + k,

(a) find the size of angle CAB, giving your answer in degrees to 2 decimal places,

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(3)

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(b) find the area of triangle ABC, giving your answer to 2 decimal places.
(2)
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Using your answer to part (b), or otherwise,

(c) find the shortest distance from A to BC, giving your answer to 2 decimal places.
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(3)
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7. With respect to a fixed origin O, the lines l1 and l2 are given by the equations

l1 : r = (13i + 15j – 8k) + (3i + 3j – 4k)

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l2 : r = (7i – 6j + 14k) + (2i – 3j + 2k)

where and are scalar parameters.

(a) Show that l1 and l2 meet and find the position vector of their point of intersection, B.
(6)

(b) Find the acute angle between the lines l1 and l2

(3)

The point A has position vector –5i –3j + 16k

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(c) Show that A lies on l1
(1)

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The point C lies on the line l1 where AB = BC

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(d) Find the position vector of C.
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(3)
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8. With respect to a fixed origin O, the lines l1 and l2 are given by the equations

 1 1 6  1

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l1 : r  3  2 , l2 : r 4  1
       
 2 3 1  1

where and μ are scalar parameters.

(a) Show that l1 and l2 do not meet.

(4)

The point P is on l1 where = 0, and the point Q is on l2 where μ = –1

(b) Find the acute angle between the line segment PQ and l1, giving your answer in
degrees to 2 decimal places.

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(c) Find the shortest distance from the point Q to the line l1, giving your answer

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to 3 significant figures.

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理 (2)
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6. Relative to a fixed origin O, the points A, B and C have coordinates (2, 1, 9), (5, 2, 7) and
(4, −3, 3) respectively.

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The line l passes through the points A and B.

(a) Find a vector equation for the line l.

(2)

(b) Find, in degrees, the acute angle between the line l and the line AC.
(3)

The point D lies on the line l such that angle ACD is 90°

(c) Find the coordinates of D.

(4)

(d) Find the exact area of triangle ADC, giving your answer as a fully simplified surd.

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(2)
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12. Relative to a fixed origin O,
the point A has position vector (2i – 3j – 2k)

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the point B has position vector (3i + 2j + 5k)
the point C has position vector (2i + 4j – 3k)

The line l passes through the points A and B.

(a) Find the vector AB .

(2)

(b) Find a vector equation for the line l.

(2)

(c) Show that the size of the angle CAB is 62.8 , to one decimal place.
(4)

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(d) Hence find the area of triangle CAB, giving your answer to 3 significant figures.

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(2)

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The point D lies on the line l. Given that the area of triangle CAD is twice the area of
理
triangle CAB,

(e) find the two possible position vectors of point D.

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(3)
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