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Akshay Mini P Final

This document summarizes a student project report on developing an Arduino-based metal detector. The project uses a coil and capacitor to detect metals, with an Arduino UNO controlling the system. When metal is detected, a buzzer will rapidly beep. The report includes sections on the system design, component descriptions, advantages/disadvantages/applications, a list of components, and results/conclusions. It was submitted by three students to Savitribai Phule Pune University to fulfill their Bachelor of Engineering degree requirements.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
43 views18 pages

Akshay Mini P Final

This document summarizes a student project report on developing an Arduino-based metal detector. The project uses a coil and capacitor to detect metals, with an Arduino UNO controlling the system. When metal is detected, a buzzer will rapidly beep. The report includes sections on the system design, component descriptions, advantages/disadvantages/applications, a list of components, and results/conclusions. It was submitted by three students to Savitribai Phule Pune University to fulfill their Bachelor of Engineering degree requirements.

Uploaded by

ironman412003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

Arduino Based Metal Detector

A Mini Project Report on

“Arduino Based Metal Detector”

Submitted to the

SAVITRIBAI PHULE PUNE UNIVERSITY


BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

In
Electronics and Telecommunication department of Matoshri college of
Engineering and Research Centre Nashik

Submitted by:
Sakshi Nivrutti Pawar (46)
Akshay Kiran Sonawane (57)
Akshada Mukund Walekar (66)

Under the Guidance of Prof. Dabhade

Department Of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering

Matoshri College of Engineering and Research Centre


Eklahare, Nashik 422105.

ACADEMIC YEAR: 2022-2023

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page 1


Arduino Based Metal Detector

Matoshri College of Engineering and Research Center, Eklahare,


Nashik
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Sakshi Nivrutti Pawar, Akshay Kiran Sonawane and
Akshada Mukund Walekar from T.E Electronics & Telecommunication
Engineering has successfully completed his/her Mini-Project on “ Arduino
based metal detector ” at Matoshri College of Engineering and Research Center,
Nashik in the partial fulfillment of the bachelors degree course in

Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering in the academic Year 2022-23

Dr.R.G.Dabhade Dr. Devidas D. Dighe


Guide Head of the Department

Dr.Gajanan K.Kharate
Principal External

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

Abstract

Metal Detector is a security device which is used for detecting metals which
can be harmful, at various places like Airports, shopping malls, cinemas, etc.
Previously we have made a very simple Metal detector without a microcontroller,
now we are building the Metal Detector using Arduino. In this project, we are
going to use a coil and capacitor which will be responsible for the detection of
metals. Here we have used an Arduino UNO to build this metal detector project.
Wherever this detector detects any metal near it, the buzzer starts beeping very
rapidly.
The simplest form of a metal detector consists of an oscillator producing
an alternating current that passes through a coil producing an alternating magnetic
field.

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

Acknowledgement

It is a great pleasure to acknowledge those who extended their support, and


contributed time and psychic energy for the completion of this project work. At
the outset, I would like to thank my project guide Prof. R.G. Dabhade, who
served as sounding board for both contents and programming work.

His valuable and skillful guidance, assessment and suggestions from time to
time improved the quality of work in all respects. We would like to take this
opportunity to express our deep sense of gratitude towards his, for his invaluable
contribution in completion of this Project Stage.

We are thankful to Dr.G.K.Kharate, Principal of Matoshri College of


engineering, Nashik. We are also thankful to Prof. D. D. Dighe, Head of
Electronics and Telecommunication Department for their timely guidance,
inspiration and administrative support without which our work would not have
been completed.

We are also thankful to the all staff members of Electronics And


telecommunication Department Matoshri College of Engineering, Nashik. Also
we would like to thank my colleagues and friends who helped us directly and
indirectly to complete this project.

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

Content

Abstract 3

Acknowledgement 4

1 Introduction 6
1.1 Problem Statement
1.2 Objectives

2 Literature Survey 7

3 System Design 8
3.1 Block Diagram
3.2 Hardware Design
3.3 Software design 9
3.3.1 Algorithm / Flowchart
3.3.2 Code

4 Component Description 11

5 Advantages , Disadvantages , Applications 12

5.1 Advantages
5.2 Disadvantages

5.3 Applications

5.4 Future scope

6 List of components 14

7 Result And Conclusion 14

8 References 15

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

Chapter 1
Introduction
Metal Detector is a security device which is used for detecting metals which can
be harmful, at various places like Airports, shopping malls, cinemas, etc.
Previously we have made a very simple Metal detector without a microcontroller,
now we are building the Metal Detector using Arduino. In this project, we are
going to use a coil and capacitor which will be responsible for the detection of
metals. Here we have used an Arduino UNO to build this metal detector project.
This is very interesting project for all electronics lovers. Wherever this detector
detects any metal near it, the buzzer starts beeping very rapidly.

1.1 Problem Statement:-


Metal detectors work on the principle of transmitting a magnetic field and
analyzing a return signal from the target and environment. The transmitted
magnetic field varies in time, usually at rates of fairly highpitched audio
signals.

The metal detectors are used to detect the weapons like guns, knives
in the airports, and also used in the construction industry to detect steel
reinforcing bars in wires, concrete, pipes buried in floors and walls.

1.2 Objectives :-

• To construct a walk through metal detector that is capable of detecting the


presence of a metallic device.

• To the walk through metal detector world also incorporate the


functionality of metallic object.

• The walk through metal detector will be capable of producing an alarm on


reception of a metallic object.

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

Chapter 2
2 Literature Survey:-
• metal detection system based on the HMC1001 magnetic sensor
published in :- 2018 13th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics
and Applications (ICIEA)

• Basic analysis of a metal detector.Published in: IEEE Transactions


on Instrumentation and Measurement ( Volume: 51, Issue: 4, August
2002)

• Research of the metal detector based on finite element


analysis..Published in:2017 3rd IEEE International Conference on
Control Science and Systems Engineering (ICCSSE)

• Metal Detecting for the Beginner Migliore, Vince (Author)English


(Publication Language) 124 Pages - 03/31/2009 (Publication Date)
– Create Space Independent Publishing Platform (Publisher)

• The Metal Detecting Bible: Helpful Tips, Expert Tricks and Insider
Secrets for Finding Hidden Treasures Neice, Brandon
(Author)English (Publication Language) 128 Pages - 01/25/2021
(Publication Date) - Ulysses Press (Publisher)

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

Chapter 3
3 System Design
3.1 Block Diagram

3.2 Hardware Design

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

3.3 Software design


3.3.1 Algorithm / Flowchart

3.3.2 Code:- long diff=0; //difference between sum and


avgsum
#define capPin A5

#define buz 9
long pTime=0;
#define pulsePin A4

#define led 10
long buzPeriod=0;
long sumExpect=0; //running sum of 64 sums
void setup()
long ignor=0; //number of ignored sums
{

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

Serial.begin(9600); sum+=val;

pinMode(pulsePin, OUTPUT); long unsigned int cTime=millis();

digitalWrite(pulsePin, LOW); char buzState=0;

pinMode(capPin, INPUT); if (cTime<pTime+10)

pinMode(buz, OUTPUT); {

digitalWrite(buz, LOW); if (diff>0)

pinMode(led, OUTPUT); buzState=1;

} else if(diff<0)

void loop() buzState=2;

{ }

int minval=1023; if (cTime>pTime+buzPeriod)

int maxval=0; {

long unsigned int sum=0; if (diff>0)

for (int i=0; i<256; i++) buzState=1;

{ else if (diff<0)

//reset the capacitor buzState=2;

pinMode(capPin,OUTPUT); pTime=cTime;

digitalWrite(capPin,LOW); }

delayMicroseconds(20); if (buzPeriod>300)

pinMode(capPin,INPUT); buzState=0;

applyPulses(); if (buzState==0)

//read the charge of capacitor {

int val = analogRead(capPin); //takes digitalWrite(led, LOW);


13x8=104 microseconds
noTone(buz);
minval = min(val,minval);
}
maxval = max(val,maxval);
else if (buzState==1)

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

{ ignor++;

tone(buz,2000); if (ignor>64)

digitalWrite(led, HIGH); {

} sumExpect=sum<<6;

ignor=0;

else if (buzState==2) }

{ if (diff==0)

tone(buz,500); buzPeriod=1000000;

digitalWrite(led, HIGH); else

} buzPeriod=avgsum/(2*abs(diff));

} }

//subtract minimum and maximum value to void applyPulses()


remove spikes
{
sum-=minval;
for (int i=0;i<3;i++)
sum-=maxval;
{
if (sumExpect==0)
digitalWrite(pulsePin,HIGH); //take 3.5 uS
sumExpect=sum<<6; //set sumExpect to
expected value delayMicroseconds(3);

long int avgsum=(sumExpect+32)>>6; digitalWrite(pulsePin,LOW); //take 3.5 uS

diff=sum-avgsum; delayMicroseconds(3);

if (abs(diff)<avgsum>>10) }

{ }

sumExpect=sumExpect+sum-avgsum;

ignor=0;

else

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

4 Component Description

4.1 Arduino Uno


The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller board based on the
Microchip ATmega328P microcontroller and developed by Arduino.cc and
initially released in 2010. The board is equipped with sets of digital and analog
input/output (I/O) pins that may be interfaced to various expansion boards
(shields) and other circuits. The board has 14 digital I/O pins (six capable of
PWM output), 6 analog I/O pins, and is programmable with the Arduino IDE
(Integrated Development Environment), via a type B USB cable. It can be
powered by a USB cable or a barrel connector that accepts voltages between 7
and 20 volts, such as a rectangular 9-volt battery. It is similar to the Arduino
Nano and Leonardo. The hardware reference design is distributed under a
Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 2.5 license and is available on the
Arduino website. Layout and production files for some versions of the hardware
are also available.

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

4.2 Metal copper wire


Copper has been used in electrical wiring since the invention of the
electromagnet and the telegraph in the 1820s. The invention of the telephone
in 1876 created further demand for copper wire as an electrical conductor.
Copper is the electrical conductor in many categories of electrical wiring.
Copper wire is used in power generation, power transmission, power
distribution, telecommunications, electronics circuitry, and countless types of
electrical equipment. Copper and its alloys are also used to make electrical
contacts. Electrical wiring in buildings is the most important market for the
copper industry. Roughly half of all copper mined is used to manufacture
electrical wire and cable conductors.

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

Chapter 4

5 Advantages , Disadvantages , Applications


5.1 Advantages
 The feeling of safety can be created while in an airport, college, office
building, or any other area where these detectors are being used. People
that are using them can control who enters a specific area and what he/she
brings inside it.

 There are different types and models of metal detectors, but the most
commonly used detectors are the hand held models and walk through
models.

 With the help of a hand held detector, security personnel can physically
detect if a person is carrying a metallic object. On the other hand, walk
through metal detectors are much quicker, and they alert the security
personnel of dangerous objects such as knives or weapons.
5.2 Disadvantages:-
 As for the disadvantages of using any type of metal detector, they cause
privacy concerns. A lot of people can find it uncomfortable while passing
through a detector scanning them for potentially dangerous metallic
objects. In some cases it is possible that they ask to be manually searched
when the rules of safety allow such actions.

 Also, in this advantageous medical era, we can find a lot of medical reasons
why some person might have metal on his/hers body. Sometimes, metal
devices can be surgically installed inside the person’s body which will
cause the alarm to be set off each time that person walks through a metal
detector. In many cases it is possible for the security personnel to see on
their computers that the metal object that caused the alarm is actually a
harmless tool and not a weapon.

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

5.3 Applications:-
 Devices are suitable for use in commercial or professional applications.
Devices are use to detect land mines, unexploded munitions, or bombs.

 Devices are used in the packaging industry to detect metal in

 Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary applications

 Devices are designed to detect metal objects and explosives for security
purposes

5.4 Future scope:-

• For every project and model needs updating in it. The future of the metal
detector market looks promising with opportunities in the government,
commercial, consumer, food & beverage, pharmaceutical, and textile
industries.

• In-depth and underground detection of metal is required to industry of


metals for that distance between metal and detector play an important role
in it. Distance will increase for industry purpose

• External Body of detector will be modified and will comes in plastic


material.

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

6 List of components:-
1) Arduino UNO

2) Buzzer

3) Led

4) Jumper wire

5) 2 Resistor

6) 9v Battery

7) 1 Capacitor

8) 1 Diode

9) 3m metal copper wire

10) Breadboard

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

Chapter 5

7. Result and conclusion:-


In the course of study I have examined the possibility of a novel metal
discrimination system as it is the need of the day when demining is considered.
Commercially available metal detectors which are used in demining have very
high sensitivity but unfortunately none have good discrimination between
landmines and other ferromagnetic materials. Results from this research show
using a simple technique, different ferromagnetic objects could be classified
into different classes

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page


Arduino Based Metal Detector

8 .References :-
[1] A. Lewis, T. Bloodworth, D. Guelle and A. Smith. Metal-detector handbook
for humanitarian demining. 2003.
[2] Metal detector, in particular mine detector, G. Kellermann. 09/04;
2005/01/08). US Patent 7265551 , 2007.
[3] P. Ripka, A. M. Lewis and J. Kubik. Mine detection in magnetic soils. Sens.
Lett. 5(1), pp. 15- 18. 2007.
[4] Metal Detector Distinguishing Between Different Metals By Using A Bias
Circuit Actuated By
The Phase Shifts Caused By The Metals, R. Gardiner. 01/02). Available:
http://www.directorypatent.com/US/3872380.html, 1974.
[5] J. Svatos, J. Vedral and P. Fexa. Metal detector excited by frequencyswept
signal. Metrol.
Meas. Syst. 18(1), pp. 57-67. 2011.

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering”, Page

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