CSEC Math MCQ - Answer Key

12 CSEC Maths Answer Key
1 Computation
No. Answers Further explanations
1 D In order to write a number in standard form it must be written in the

form A × 10 , where 1 ≤ A < 10 .
±n
Therefore, to write 0.002 51 in standard form we move the decimal point

three places to the right.
The number of decimal places moved gives us the value of n.
If we move to the right, n will have a negative sign in front of it.
−3
The answer is, therefore, 2.51 × 10 .
1 1 2.51
That is to say 0.002 51 = 2.51 × 3 = 2.51 × =
10 1000 1000
2 B
B 375 75 3
3 0.375 = = =
1000 200 8
4 D Move decimal point

3 places to the right
8 8.000 8000
= = = 4000
0.002 0.002 2
Move decimal point
3 places to the right
21
5 B
0.375 ×
0.03
0.01125
6 A
7 D
8 C
9 A
1
© HarperCollins Publishers 2016
10 A
11 A
12 C 2 1
2 +3
3 4
8 + 3 11
5 =
12 12
11
∴ Answer = 5
12
13 D 3 1
4 −2
5 2
6−5 1
2 =
10 10
1
∴ Answer = 2
10
14 D
15 C
16 D
( 53 × 2425 ) ÷ 23 = ( 11 × 58 ) ÷ 23 = 58 × 32 = 1516
17 B
18 A 5
3 = 3.625
8
3.625 written to three significant figures is 3.63.
19 A
20 C The ratio is given as 3 : 5 : 7. There are, therefore, 3 + 5 + 7 = 15 parts to

share.
Daniel and Victoria received 36 tokens. This represents a combined
share of 5 + 7 = 12 parts.
12 parts represents 36 tokens.
15 × 36
Therefore, 15 parts represents = 15 × 3 = 45 tokens.
12
21 B
2
22 D
A 5 100
23 × 100 = = 12.5%
40 8
24 B Let the unknown number be x.

Therefore, 40% of x is 120.
0.4x = 120
120
x=
0.4
x = 300
A 1
25 12 % × 800 = 0.125 × 800 = 100
2
26 B
27 D
C 90 60
28 Sandra’s score = 90% × 60 = × = 54
100 1
29 C
30 B
16 = 256
2
31 B
Then 256 = 16
256 256 16
Therefore, 0.0256 = = = = 0.16
10 000 10 000 100
32 A
33 B
34 A US$1.00 = TT$6.50.
Therefore, US$300 = 300 × 6.50 = TT$1950.
35 D 2.5 metres = 2.5 × 100 centimetres = 250 centimetres.
36 A 3500 millimetres = 3500/1000 metres = 3.5 metres.
3
37 C 2.2 tonnes = 2.2 × 1000 kilograms = 2200 kilograms.
38 A (−2)3 + (−1)3 = −8 + (−1) = −9
B
( ) = − ( 13 × 13 × 13 ) = − 271
3
39 1
−
3
40 A (−3)2 + (−1)3 = 9 + (−1) = 8
2 Number Theory
1 C The first step is to find all the prime factors of 36, 60 and 96.
2 36 2 60 2 96
2 18 2 30 2 48
3 9 3 15 2 24
3 3 5 5 2 12
1 1 2 6
3 3
1
36 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3
60 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5
96 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3
Therefore,
36 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3
60 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5
96 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3
The highest common factor (HCF) is found by multiplying the factors
that repeat in all three numbers:
HCF = 2 × 2 × 3 = 12
4
2 A The first thing to do is to find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of 2,

6, 4 and 12 (the denominator of each fraction given).
2 2, 6, 4, 12
2 1, 3, 2, 6
3 1, 3, 1, 3
1, 1, 1, 1
The LCM of 2, 6, 4 and 12 = 2 × 2 × 3 = 12
The next step is to write each fraction such that the denominator of
each is the same:
1 5 3 1
, , ,
2 6 4 12
6, 10, 9, 1
12
Therefore,
1 6
=
2 12
5 10
=
6 12
3 9
=
4 12
1 1
=
12 12
1 6 9 10
Arranging the fractions in ascending order: , , , .
12 12 12 12
Therefore, the final answer is 1 , 1 , 3 , 5 .
12 2 4 6
3 B
4 D 26, 9, 12
23, 9, 6
33, 9, 3
31, 3, 1
1, 1, 1
The lowest common multiple of 6, 9 and 12 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 36.
5
5 A Multiples of 2: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34,
36, …
Multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, …
Multiples of 4: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, …
The first three common multiples of 2, 3 and 4 are 12, 24 and 36.
6 A Using the distributive law:

63 × 18 + 63 × 2 = 63 × (18 + 2) = 63 × 20
7 D
8 C In order to identify a prime number you can eliminate the ones that
are not.
45 is divisible by 5 because the last digit is 5.
46 is divisible by 2 because the last digit is 6 (even).
49 is divisible by 7.
Therefore, 47 is the prime number.
9 C
10 D
11 B
12 B
13 C
14 A The given sequence is 4, 7, 11, 16.

The difference between the consecutive terms is as follows:
The difference between 4 and 7 is 3.
Notice that the difference increases by 1. Therefore, the difference
between 16 and the next term should be 6.
So the next term in the sequence 4, 7, 11, 16 is (16 + 6 = 22).
6
15 D 25.634
3
Digit 3 is 3 hundredths =
100
16 A 37 × 225 = 37 × (200 + 25) = (37 × 200) + (37 × 25)
17 C
18 D 365 can be written as

300 +
60
5
365
300 = 3 × 10
2
60 = 6 × 101
5 = 5 × 100
Therefore, 365 = 3 × 102 + 6 × 101 + 5 × 100
3 Consumer Arithmetic
1 B
2 A Loan amount = $10 000

Total amount paid back on loan = $500 × 2 × 12 = $12 000
Interest = $12 000 − $10 000 = $2000
100 × I 100 × 2000
R= = = 10%
P ×T 10 000 × 2
3 B
7
4 C P × R×T 300 × 5 × 4
Interest received by Adam = I = = = $60
100 100
P × R×T 400 × 5 × T
Interest received by Ann = I = =
100 100
Since Adam and Ann received the same interest:
400 × 5 × T
= 60
100
400 × 5 × T = 60 × 100
2000 × T = 6000
T = 6000/2000
T = 3 years
5 A
6 C Cash price = $2000

Total amount paid on hire purchase = $900 + (12 × $120) = $900 +
$1440 = $2340
Amount of money that can be saved if the television is bought at the
cash price = $2340 − $2000 = $340
7 A Amount paid in tax = 2500 × $0.80 = $2000
8 B Taxable income = 60 000 − 15 000 = $45 000

Tax payable = 25% × $45 000 = 25 × 45 000 = $11 250
100
C 10
9 Tax paid = 10% × $150 = × 150 = $15
100
Amount Alex has to pay the delivery man = $150 + $15 = $165
Change received = $200 − $165 = $35
10 C
11 A Original price of tool = $800

Price is increased by 12.5%
Final price = 800 + (12.5% × 800) = 800 + ( 1000
125
×
1 )
800
= $900
12 A
8
13 D Discount = 5% × $1400 = 0.05 × 1400 = $70

Amount paid at the cashier = $1400 − $70 = $1330
14 C Insurance for home = 6000 × 0.20 = $1200
Insurance for contents of home = 1000 × 0.60 = $600
Insurance that will have to be paid = $1200 + $600 = $1800
15 B Initial value of car = $180 000
Depreciation rate = 10% per annum
After the first year the value of the car = 180 000 − (180 000 × 0.10)
= $162 000
After the second year the value of the car = 162 000 − (162 000 × 0.10)
= $145 800
16 C Let the rate of depreciation be r%.
Original price = $x
Value of car on December 31st = x − x − ( 100r × x ) = x (1 − 100r )
The value of the car on December 31st is given as 0.95x.
(
Therefore, 1 −
r
100 )
= 0.95
r
= 1 − 0.95
100
r
= 0.05
100
r = 100 × 0.05
r = 5%
17 C Let the number of units of electricity be x.

Adam’s bill = $54
3 + (200 × 0.12) + 0.09(x − 200) = 54
3 + 24 + 0.09x − 18 = 54
0.09x = 54 − 24 − 3 + 18
0.09x = 45
x = 45/0.09
x = 500 units
C 2400 − 2000
18 Profit = × 100% = 20%
2000
9
19 D Loan = $10 000

Amount paid back on loan = 3 × 12 × 300 = $10 800
10 800 − 10 000
Profit = × 100% = 8%
10 000
20 B
21 C
22 A
23 D Let the marked price be x.

Discount = 20% ($200)
Therefore, 20% of x = $200
20
× x = 200
100
20 x = 20 000
20 000
x =
20
x = $1000
24 B
25 B
26 D Fixed charge = $50

Hourly rate = $20
Total charge = $130
Let the number of hours be x.
Therefore, 20x + 50 = 130
20x = 130 − 50
20x = 80
x = 80/20
x = 4 hours
27 C
10
4 Sets
1 B
2 C
3 D
4 B
5 C There are 3 members of set A.

Therefore, the number of subsets = 2 = 2 = 8
n 3
6 D
7 B
8 C
9 B A ∩ B ∩ C represents all the members that are common to all sets:

A B
1 2 4 8
3
A∩B∩C
7 9
A ∩ B ∩ C = {3}
11
D n(u) = 35
10
n(C) = 25 n(P) = 22
25 – x x 22 – x
Let the number of students who study both subjects be x.

Therefore:
The number of students who study chemistry only = 25 − x
The number of students who study physics only = 22 − x
25 − x + x + 22 − x = 35
47 − x = 35
x = 47 − 35
x = 12
11 B
12 C
13 D
14 B
15 A
16 D
A n(S) = 10 n(T) = 12
17
10 – 4 = 6 4 12 – 4 = 8
From the diagram: n(S ∪ T) = 6 + 4 + 8 = 18

18 A
19 C
20 D
12
21 B P = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12}

Q = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24}
The diagram shows P ∩ Q
Therefore, P ∩ Q = {2, 4, 6, 8, 12}
22 A
23 B
24 D
25 B
26 D
27 C
28 C If we look at the Venn diagram we can infer that:

• all students who study physics study maths, because physics is a
subset of maths
• there are some students who study both accounts and maths, since
these two sets intersect
• there are no students who study accounts and physics, because
these two sets do not intersect.
Therefore, the answer is I and III.
29 B
30 C
13
5 Measurement

1 B The perimeter of the triangle is 24 cm and the lengths of its sides are x,
2x and 3x.
Therefore, x + 2x + 3x = 24
6x = 24
24
x=
6
x = 4 cm
2 D The perimeter of the triangle is 26 cm and the lengths of its sides are
(x − 1), (x + 3) and (x + 6).
Therefore, (x − 1) + (x + 3) + (x + 6) = 26
3x − 1 + 3 + 6 = 26
3x + 8 = 26
3x = 26 − 8
3x = 18
18
x=
3
x = 6 cm
Length of the longest side = (x + 6) = 6 + 6 = 12 cm.
3 A
Perimeter of shape = 3 + 4 + 4 +
2π 3
2 ()
= 11 +
3π
2 2
4 B
14
5 C Area of rectangle = l × b
Given that l × b = 48
1
New length = l
2
New breadth = 3b
1 3
New area = l × 3b = lb
2 2
But lb = 48
3
Therefore, new area = × 48 = 72 cm2
2
6 D
C Area of outer circle with radius 8 cm = π ( 8 ) = 64 π

2
7
Area of inner circle with radius 6 cm = π ( 6 ) = 36 π

2
Area of shaded region = 64 π − 36 π = 28 π

8 A
9 A Area of parallelogram = length DC × perpendicular distance between

lines AB and DC
Perpendicular distance between the lines AB and DC = 4 × sin 60°
Therefore, area of parallelogram = 6 × 4 × sin 60° cm2
10 C
11 B A cube has six faces.

54
The area of one face = = 9 cm2
6
Therefore, the length of one side = 9 = 3 cm
B Volume of a cube = (side) = 5 = 125 cm
3 3 3
12
13 D
15
14 B Given that the circumference = 44 cm
The circumference of a circle is given by C = 2πr
Therefore, 2 × π × r = 44
44
r=
2π
22
r=
π
15 D
16 B
17 A
18 D The length of an arc of a sector =

θ 60 22 22 cm
×2×π×r = ×2× ×7=
360 360 7 3
19 B θ
The area of a sector = × πr 2 :
360
30
× π × 122 = 12 π cm
2
360
C 1 1
20 AX = AB = × 16 = 8 cm
2 2
Using Pythagoras’ theorem:
AX2 + OX2 = OA2
8 + OX = 10
2 2 2
OX2 = 102 − 82
OX2 = 100 − 64
OX = 36
2
OX =
2
36
OX = 6 cm
21 C
22 A
16
23 B
24 B 8 litres = 8 × 1000 cm3 = 8000 cm3

Each cup has a capacity of 250 cm3
8000
Therefore, the number of cups = = 32
250
25 B
26 A Start time = 06:20

End time = 07:05
Duration = 07:05 − 06:20 = 45 minutes
45
Converting 45 minutes into hours: = 0.75 hour
60
Distance = speed × time
= 60 × 0.75
= 45 km
27 C
28 B 8 cm on the map represents an actual distance of 20 km.

Therefore, the scale is determined as follows:
8 cm : 20 km
8 cm : 20 000 m (Convert kilometres to metres by multiplying by
1000)
8 cm : 2 000 000 cm (Convert metres to centimetres by multiplying by
100)
8 : 2 000 000 (Divide both sides by 8)
1 : 250 000
17
29 C Each exterior angle in a regular polygon = 360/n, where n is the number
of sides in the regular polygon.
It is given that each exterior angle of a regular polygon is 60°.
360
Therefore, = 60
n
60n = 360
360
n=
60
n = 6 (i.e. a hexagon)
6 Statistics

1 A
2 A
3 A
4 A Length, x (cm) Frequency, f xf

4 3 12
5 6 30
6 4 24
7 a b
8 2 16
Total 96
The sum of the xf column is 96.
From the table, b = 7a
Summing the xf column and equating it to 96.
12 + 30 + 24 + 7a + + 16 = 96
7a + 82 = 96
7a = 96 − 82
7a = 14
14
a=
7
a=2
So 7 cm occurred twice.
18
5 A The mean of 5 numbers is 7.
2 + 5 + 8 + x + 14
Therefore, =7
5
2 + 5 + 8 + x + 14 = 7 × 5
x + 29 = 35
x = 35 − 29
x=6
6 B
7 D The mean of 6 numbers is 8.

sum
Therefore, 8 =
6
sum = 8 × 6
sum = 48
The number 15 is added to the 6 numbers.
New sum = 48 + 15 = 63, and there are now 7 numbers.
63 63
New mean = = =9
6+1 7
8 B
9 A
10 B
11 C
12 C
13 B
14 A
15 B
19
16 D Rent = 30%, food = 20%, transportation = 10%, savings = ?
Savings = 100% − (30% + 20% + 10%)
= 100% − 60%
= 40%
Angle of sector representing savings = 40% × 360° = 0.4 × 360° = 144°
17 A
18 D
19 B
20 B
C 100
21
90
Cumulative frequency
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Score
In order to determine the median, read from the graph the value of the
score when the cumulative frequency = 50.
Median score = 25
22 B In order to determine the lower quartile, read from the graph the value
of the score when the cumulative frequency = 25.
Lower quartile Q1 = 23
23 D In order to determine the upper quartile, read from the graph the value
of the score when the cumulative frequency = 75.
Lower quartile Q3= 32
A
24
The interquartile range = 1 (Q3 − Q1) = 1 (32 − 23) = 4.5
2 2
20
25 C
26 B
27 D
28 C
29 B Height (cm) 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Number of seedlings 1 1 2 6 10 12 8 7 3
The number of seedlings having a height less than 14 cm = 1 + 1 + 2 + 6 = 10
Total number of seedlings = 1 + 1 + 2 + 6 + 10 + 12 + 8 + 7 + 3 = 50
10 1
P(height less than 14 cm) = =
50 5
30 C Since only one face of a die has a 5 on it,

1
P(5) =
6
There are three odd numbers on the faces of a die. They are 1, 3 and 5.
3
Therefore, P(odd number) =
6
P(getting a 5 followed by an odd number) = P(5) × P(odd number)
1 3
= ×
6 6
1 1
= ×
6 2
31 C
21
7 Algebra

1 D −3(x − 2) = (−3 × x) × (−3 × 2) = −3x + 6
2x(x + 3y) − y(2x − 4y) = 2x + 6xy − 2xy + 4y

2 2
2 B (Use the distributive law
to remove the brackets)
= 2x + 4xy + 4y
2 2
3 C 27 x − 18 27 x 18
= − = 9x − 6
3 3 3
4 A a = 5(p − q)
a = 5p − 5q
5p = a + 5q
2(5p) = 2(a + 5q) (Multiplying both sides by 2)
10p = 2(a + 5q)
5 A 2x(2 + 3y) − 3x(1 − 2y) = 4x + 6xy − 3x + 6xy
= 4x − 3x + 6xy + 6xy
= x + 12xy
6 A
A
7
ab − b (3 × 2) − 2 4 2
3*2= = = =
a2 ( 3) 2
9 9
B
3(ab ) = 3a3b(
2 × 3)
8 = 3a3b6
2 3
9 B ( 3x )3 = 33 × x 3 = 27 x 3
10 A
( −3 pq )( −2 p q ) = ( −3 × − 2 ) p(
2 3 1 + 3)
q(
2 + 1)
= 6 p 4q3
38 ÷ 3−2 = 3( 8−( −2 ) ) = 38 + 2 = 310

11 B
22
12 B 6(x − 2) − 3(x − 1) = 6 (Use the distributive law to expand the
left-hand side)
6x − 12 − 3x + 3 = 6
3x − 9 = 6
3x = 6 + 9 (Adding 9 to both sides of the equation)
15
x= (Dividing both sides of the equation by 3)
3
x=5
D 3x
13 = 27
100
3x = 27 × 100
3x = 2700
2700
x =
3
x = 900
14 D 3x − 25 = x + 17
3x − x = 17 + 25
2x = 42
42
x=
2
x = 21
15 C (2x − 1) − 6(x − 1) + 7 = 0
2x − 1 − 6x + 6 + 7 = 0
2x − 6x − 1 + 6 + 7 = 0
−4x + 12 = 0
4x = 12
12
x=
4
x=3
23
16 D 12 < x − 3 < 24
12 + 3 < x < 24 + 3
15 < x < 27
Therefore, 16 lies within this range.
17 A 3x − 2 ≤ 13
3x ≤ 13 + 2
3x ≤ 15
15
x ≤
3
x ≤5
18 D 125 < 5 − 3x
125 − 5 < −3x
120 < −3x
120 −3x
>
−3 −3
−40 > x
x < −40
19 D
20 B
21 A Nyla’s current age = (2x − 4) + 2

Since Nyla is 6 times the age of Anya,
( 2x − 4 ) + 2 2x − 2 2 ( x − 1) x − 1
Anya’s current age = = = =
6 6 6 3
22 C
23 A
24
24 C Let one number be x and another number be y.
2 2
The square of each number is x and y .
The difference of two square numbers is x − y .
2 2
Two times the difference of two square numbers is 2(x − y ).

2 2
Given that the difference of two square numbers is negative, this means
that 2(x − y ) < 0.
2 2
25 C
26 A
27 C
28 B 5x 2x
+ (The lowest common multiple of 3y and 5y is 15y)
3y 5y
15 y
=5
3y
15 y
=3
5y
5(5 x ) + 3(2 x ) 25 x + 6 x 31x

= =
15 y 15 y 15 y
29 B 2a 7c
− (The lowest common multiple of 5b and 2d is 10bd)
5b 2d
10bd
= 2d
5b
10bd
= 5b
2d
2d(2a) − 5b(7c ) 4ad − 35bc

=
10bd 10bd
30 C
25
31 A 1
y ∝
x2
1
y = 2
x
When x = 2 and y = 9:
k
9= 2
2
9 = 4k
k = 36
36
The equation relating x and y is y =
x2
36 36
When x = 3, y = = =4
32 9
32 B
33 D
34 B
35 D
36 B x
y =k
m
y x
= (Divide both sides by k)
k m
2
⎛ y⎞ = x (Square both sides)
⎝ k⎠ m
y2 x
2 =
k m
my 2 = k 2 x (Cross-multiply)
k2x
m= (Divide both sides by y )
2
y2
37 D
38 B
26
39 B
40 B
8 Relations, Functions and Graphs

1 D If an equation of a line is in the form y = mx + c, then m is the gradient
of the line.
1 − 2y = 6x
−2y = 6x − 1
1
y = −3x +
2
Therefore, the gradient of the line is −3.
2 A
3 B
4 A
5 C
6 B If a point lies on the line y = 3x + 2 the coordinates must satisfy the

equation.
The point (−1, −1) lies on the line because x = −1 and y = −1 satisfy the
equation.
−1 = 3(−1) + 2
−1 = −3 + 2
−1 = −1
7 C If the gradient of the line P is 2, then the gradient of any line parallel to
P must be 2.
3y = 6x + 2
2
y = 2x +
3
This line is parallel to P since its gradient m (from y = mx + c) is also 2.
27
8 A The equation for the line R is 2y = 3 − x.
2y = −x + 3
1 3
y=− x+
2 2
1
The gradient of R is therefore − .
2
When two lines are perpendicular, the product of their gradients is −1.
Therefore, any line perpendicular to R must have a gradient m of
1
− × m = −1
2
1
m=1
2
m = 2.
The line y = 2x + 1, has a gradient of 2, and is therefore perpendicular
to R.
9 C
10 D
11 C
12 A The line y = 0 is the x-axis.

The curve intersects the x-axis at x = −3 and x = 1.
13 C The minimum point of the curve is (−1, −4).
14 B Reading off the values of x when y = −3:

x = −2 and x = 0
15 D
16 D
17 A
18 C
19 B
20 B
28
21 C
22 B
23 B
24 A 3x2 + 6x − 2 = a(x + h)2 + k

3x + 6x − 2 = a(x + 2hx + h ) + k
2 2 2
3x2 + 6x − 2 = ax2 + 2ahx + ah2 + k

Equating coefficients: a = 3
2ah = 6
2(3)h = 6
6
h=
6
h=1
ah2 + k = −2
(3)(1) + k = −2
2
3 + k = −2
k = −2 − 3
k = −5
25 C
26 C
27 C
28 C A vertical line test is used to identify a function. When a vertical line

is drawn it must intersect the curve at only one point in order to be a
function. This is true for all the curves except C.
29 A
30 A If f(x) = 3x2 − 2
Then, f(−2) = 3(−2) − 2 = 3(4) − 2 = 12 − 2 = 10
2
31 B
29
32 C
33 A
34 B
35 B
36 A
37 D
38 A
39 B f(−3) = 2(−3) + 3 = −3
40 A Let y = 2x + 3
Interchange x and y:
x = 2y + 3
2y = x − 3
x−3
y=
2
−1 x−3
Therefore, f (x) =
2
B −1 − 3 4
41 f−1(−1) = = − = −2
2 2
42 A In order to find fg(2), first find g(2):

g(2) = (2)2 − 2 = 4 − 2 = 2
Now find f(2):
f(2) = 2(2) + 3 = 4 + 3 = 7
Therefore, fg(2) = 7
30
43 C First find fg(x):
f(x) = 2x + 3
g(x) = x − 2
2
fg(x) = 2(x − 2) + 3 = 2x − 4 + 3 = 2x − 1
2 2 2
Let y = 2x − 1
2
x = 2y2 − 1
2y = x + 1
2
x +1
y =
2
2
x +1
y=
2
x +1
(fg)−1(x) =
2
44 D In order to find the inverse of the function f(x), perform the following
steps.
Given that f(x) = 3x − 2
Let y = 3x − 2
x = 3y − 2
3y − 2 = x
3y = x + 2
x+2
y=
3
x+2
Therefore, f−1(x) =
3
45 B
46 A
47 B
31
48 D
49 D The shaded region lies between the lines y = 2 and y = −1.

Therefore, {(x, y): −1 ≤ y ≤ 2}
50 A
51 D
52 A
53 C
54 B
55 B
9 Geometry and Trigonometry

1 C
2 B Use Pythagoras’ theorem to find the length AC:

AC + BC = AB
2 2 2
AC + 12 = 13
2 2 2
AC + 144 = 169
2
AC = 169 − 144
2
AC = 25
2
AC = 25
AC = 5
adjacent AC 5
Therefore, cos θ = = =
hypotenuse AB 13
32
3 C
4 B opposite PR
sin (180° − θ ) = =
hypotenuse PQ
5 C
6 D Use Pythagoras’ theorem to find the length AC:

AC2 + BC2 = AB2
( )
2
AC2 + p2 = p2 + 9
AC + p = p + 9
2 2 2
AC = p + 9 − p
2 2 2
AC2 = 9
AC = 9
AC = 3
adjacent AC 3
Therefore, cos θ = = =
hypotenuse AB p +9
2
7 B
8 B Use Pythagoras’ theorem to find BC:

AC2 + BC2 = AB2
82 + BC2 = 102
64 + BC2 = 100
BC = 100 − 64
2
BC = 36
2
BC = 36
BC = 6 cm
9 A opposite BC 6
tan CDB = = =
adjacent BD 5
33
10 B Use Pythagoras’ theorem to find BD:
BD = BC + CD
2 2 2
BD2 = 62 + 52
BD2 = 36 + 25
BD =
2
61
adjacent BC 6
cos CBD = = =
hypotenuse BD 61
11 C
12 B
13 D
14 D
15 C
16 A
17 B
18 C
19 A
20 C
21 A
22 A PRQ = 180 − (90 + 55)

= 180 − 145
= 35°
(Also, PSQ = 35°, as the angles subtended by an arc in the same segment
of a circle are equal.)
34
23 D The angle subtended at the centre of a circle is twice the angle
subtended at the circumference:
θ = 2 × 60 = 120°
24 A 100
MOX = = 50°
2
LOM = 180 − 50 = 130°
180 − 130 50
OML = = = 25°
2 2
25 C
26 B
27 B
28 A DEB = 180 − 63 = 117°
29 D Opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral: BCD = 180 − 117 = 63°
30 C The angle between a tangent and a chord through the point of contact
is equal to the angle subtended by the chord in the alternate segment:
ABC = 53°
31 A The angle subtended at the centre of a circle is twice the angle
subtended at the circumference: AOC = 2 × 53 = 106°
32 D PQ is a tangent to the circle at the point A. Therefore, PAO = 90°:
BAP = 90 − 22 = 68°
33 D
34 B
35 C
36 C
37 B
38 A
35
39 A
40 A
41 D
42 B
43 A
44 C
45 C
46 A
47 D
48 B
49 B
50 B
51 C
52 D
53 A
54 B
55 B
56 C
57 D
58 A
59 A
36
60 C
10 Vectors and Matrices

1 D ⎛ 2 1 ⎞ ⎛ 1 2 ⎞
A + 2B = ⎜ ⎟ + 2⎜ ⎟
⎝ 3 4 ⎠ ⎝ −1 3 ⎠
⎛ 2 1 ⎞ ⎛ 2 4 ⎞
=⎜ ⎟ + ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 3 4 ⎠ ⎝ −2 6 ⎠
⎛ 2+2 1+ 4 ⎞
= ⎜ 3 + ( −2 ) 4 + 6 ⎟
⎝ ⎠
⎛ 4 5 ⎞
=⎜
⎝ 1 10 ⎟⎠
2 A
3 A ⎛ 1 3 ⎞ ⎛ 2 −1 ⎞
PQ = ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟
⎝ −1 2 ⎠ ⎝ −1 4 ⎠
⎛ ( (1 × 2 ) + ( 3 × −1) ) ( (1 × −1) + ( 3 × 4 ) ) ⎞
=⎜ ⎟
⎜⎝ ( ( −1 × 2 ) + ( 2 × −1) ) ( ( −1 × −1) + ( 2 × 4 ) ) ⎟⎠
⎛ 2 + ( −3 ) −1 + 12 ⎞
⎜ ⎟
= ⎜ −2 + −2 ⎟
⎝ ( ) 1+ 8 ⎠
⎛ −1 11 ⎞
=⎜
⎝ −4 9 ⎟⎠
4 A
5 B
6 B
37
7 D
8 A If a matrix is singular, the determinant = 0.

Therefore, (2p × 2) − (6 × −2) = 0
4p − (−12) = 0
4p + 12 = 0
4p = −12
12
p= −
4
p = −3
9 C
10 B ⎛ a b ⎞
Given that A = ⎜
⎝ c d ⎟⎠
⎛ ⎞
The inverse A−1 = 1 ⎜ d −b ⎟
A ⎝ −c a ⎠
⎛ 2 2 ⎞ 1 ⎛ 3 −2 ⎞
Therefore, the inverse of the matrix A = ⎜ ⎟ is ⎜ ⎟
⎝ −1 3 ⎠ 8 ⎝ 1 2 ⎠
38
B
11 ⎛ 1 2 ⎞⎛ x ⎞ ⎛ 4 ⎞
⎜⎝ 3 −5 ⎟⎠ ⎜ y ⎟ = ⎜⎝ 1 ⎟⎠ Equation (1)
⎝ ⎠
⎛ 1 2 ⎞
Let A = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 3 −5 ⎠
1 ⎛ −5 −2 ⎞
Therefore, A−1 = ⎜ ⎟
(1 × −5 ) − ( 2 × 3 ) ⎝ −3 1 ⎠
1 ⎛ −5 −2 ⎞
= ⎜ ⎟
( −5 ) − ( 6 ) ⎝ −3 1 ⎠
1 ⎛ −5 −2 ⎞
=
−11 ⎜⎝ −3 1 ⎟⎠
Multiply both sides of Equation (1) by A−1:
1 ⎛ −5 −2 ⎞ ⎛ 1 2 ⎞ ⎛ x ⎞ 1 ⎛ −5 −2 ⎞ ⎛ 4 ⎞
⎜ ⎟ =
−11 ⎝ −3 1 ⎠ ⎝ 3 −5 ⎠ ⎝ y ⎠ −11 ⎜⎝ −3 1 ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1 ⎟⎠
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎛ 1 0 ⎞⎛ x ⎞ ⎛ ( ( −5 × 4 ) + ( −2 × 1) ) ⎞
1 ⎜ ⎟
⎜⎝ 0 1 ⎟⎠ ⎜ y ⎟ = − 11 ⎜
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ( ( −3 × 4 ) + (1 × 1) ) ⎟⎠
⎛ x ⎞ 1 ⎛ −22 ⎞
⎜ y ⎟ = −
⎝ ⎠ 11 ⎜⎝ −11 ⎟⎠
⎛ x ⎞ ⎛ 2 ⎞
⎜ y ⎟ =⎜ 1 ⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
Therefore, x = 2 and y = 1.
12 B
13 A Given that P (−2, 3)

⎛ −1 ⎞
P undergoes a translation of ⎜ , and the image is P′:
⎝ 3 ⎟⎠
⎛ −2 ⎞ ⎛ −1 ⎞ ⎛ −3 ⎞
P′ = ⎜ + =
⎝ 3 ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 3 ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 6 ⎟⎠
Therefore, the coordinates of P′ are (−3, 6).
39
14 B
15 C
16 C
17 A ⎛ 0 −1 ⎞
P (2, 1) and M = ⎜
⎝ 1 0 ⎟⎠
⎛ 0 −1 ⎞ ⎛ 2 ⎞
P′ = ⎜
⎝ 1 0 ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1 ⎟⎠
⎛
( ( 0 × 2 ) + ( −1 × 1) ) ⎞
=⎜ ⎟
⎜
⎝ ( (1 × 2 ) + ( 0 × 1 ) ) ⎟
⎠
⎛ −1 ⎞
=⎜
⎝ 2 ⎟⎠
The coordinates of the image P′ are (−1, 2)
18 D
19 A ⎛ ⎞
Let A be a rotation of 90° in a clockwise direction ⎜ 0 1 ⎟
⎝ −1 0 ⎠
⎛ −1 0 ⎞
Let B be a reflection in the y-axis ⎜
⎝ 0 1 ⎟⎠
20 B
The magnitude of OA is OA = 32 + 4 2 = 9 + 16 = 25 = 5 units.
21 D ⎛ −2 ⎞ ⎛ −1 ⎞ ⎛ −3 ⎞

AB = AO + OB = ⎜ ⎟+⎜ ⎟=⎜ ⎟
⎝ −4 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ −2 ⎠
22 B
23 B From O to A, move 3 units to the right and 4 units upwards:

⎛ 3 ⎞
OA = ⎜
⎝ 4 ⎟⎠
40
24 C From O to B, move 4 units to the right and 1 unit upwards:
⎛ 4 ⎞
OB = ⎜
⎝ 1 ⎟⎠
25 C
OA = 32 + 4 2 = 25 = 5 units
26 B ⎛ 3 ⎞
AO is in the opposite direction of OA = ⎜ , so you multiply by −1:
⎝ 4 ⎟⎠
⎛ −3 ⎞
AO = ⎜
⎝ −4 ⎟⎠
27 D ⎛ −3 ⎞ ⎛ 4 ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞

AB = AO + OB = ⎜ ⎟+⎜ ⎟=⎜ ⎟
⎝ −4 ⎠ ⎝ 1 ⎠ ⎝ −3 ⎠
28 C
29 B
30 D
31 B
32 D Parallel vectors are scalar multiples of each other.

Given the vector a − 2b, the only parallel vectors are
II 2a − 4b, because this can be written as 2(a − 2b).
III −6b + 3a, because this can be written as 3(a − 2b).
41

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12 CSEC Maths Answer Key

No. Answers Further explanations

1 D In order to write a number in standard form it must be written in the

Therefore, to write 0.002 51 in standard form we move the decimal point

4 D Move decimal point

20 C The ratio is given as 3 : 5 : 7. There are, therefore, 3 + 5 + 7 = 15 parts to

24 B Let the unknown number be x.

36 A 3500 millimetres = 3500/1000 metres = 3.5 metres.

37 C 2.2 tonnes = 2.2 × 1000 kilograms = 2200 kilograms.

38 A (−2)3 + (−1)3 = −8 + (−1) = −9

40 A (−3)2 + (−1)3 = 9 + (−1) = 8

No. Answers Further explanations

2 A The first thing to do is to find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of 2,

6 A Using the distributive law:

14 A The given sequence is 4, 7, 11, 16.

18 D 365 can be written as

No. Answers Further explanations

2 A Loan amount = $10 000

6 C Cash price = $2000

8 B Taxable income = 60 000 − 15 000 = $45 000

11 A Original price of tool = $800

13 D Discount = 5% × $1400 = 0.05 × 1400 = $70

17 C Let the number of units of electricity be x.

19 D Loan = $10 000

23 D Let the marked price be x.

26 D Fixed charge = $50

No. Answers Further explanations

5 C There are 3 members of set A.

9 B A ∩ B ∩ C represents all the members that are common to all sets:

Let the number of students who study both subjects be x.

From the diagram: n(S ∪ T) = 6 + 4 + 8 = 18

21 B P = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12}

28 C If we look at the Venn diagram we can infer that:

No. Answers Further explanations

C Area of outer circle with radius 8 cm = π ( 8 ) = 64 π

Area of inner circle with radius 6 cm = π ( 6 ) = 36 π

Area of shaded region = 64 π − 36 π = 28 π

9 A Area of parallelogram = length DC × perpendicular distance between

11 B A cube has six faces.

18 D The length of an arc of a sector =

24 B 8 litres = 8 × 1000 cm3 = 8000 cm3

26 A Start time = 06:20

28 B 8 cm on the map represents an actual distance of 20 km.

No. Answers Further explanations

4 A Length, x (cm) Frequency, f xf

7 D The mean of 6 numbers is 8.

30 C Since only one face of a die has a 5 on it,

No. Answers Further explanations

2x(x + 3y) − y(2x − 4y) = 2x + 6xy − 2xy + 4y

38 ÷ 3−2 = 3( 8−( −2 ) ) = 38 + 2 = 310

21 A Nyla’s current age = (2x − 4) + 2

Two times the difference of two square numbers is 2(x − y ).

5(5 x ) + 3(2 x ) 25 x + 6 x 31x

2d(2a) − 5b(7c ) 4ad − 35bc

8 Relations, Functions and Graphs

No. Answers Further explanations

6 B If a point lies on the line y = 3x + 2 the coordinates must satisfy the

12 A The line y = 0 is the x-axis.

14 B Reading off the values of x when y = −3: