Noun
Noun is a naming word identify by What? Who? Whom?
Kinds of noun.
1. Proper noun . Specific Name. We do not use any article before Proper noun.
2. Common Noun. General name, represent class (Cow, Dog). A/An/The + Proper Noun
3. Material Noun. Name of substance or matter ( Milk, Silver, Gold)
No Plural , Do not use A/ An
4. Collective Noun Group represent same , (Bevy = Group of girl)
5. Abstract Noun. Felt only (F,A,Q,S), Management, Disturbance, Health, life,
Noun – Categorization According Number
Number
Uncountable
Countable
Proper noun
Common Noum
Material Noun
Singurar <>Plural
Abstract Noun
Only Singular No Plural
Gender
Masculine
Feminine
Neuter – Object, None living.
Common Gender – (Male = Female) Teacher, Student, Doctor.
Priority-
1. He/His/Him Student must utilise his/her/its time.
2. It/Its/It I saw a doctor he/she/it was very nice.
3. She/Her/Her
Profession/ Job/ title/ Rank > Man or Woman, (Man teacher, Woman Teacher, Woman Inspector)
Physical Characteristics – Male or Female
Accessory (Dress) – Male or Female (Male dress, Female Shirt)
Noun Cases
Subjective Case (Noun as Subject)
Objective Case (Noun as Object)
Vocative Case ( Noun to Address) Rahul(VC), you must listen to the teacher.
Possessive Case (Relation or Ownership)
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Possessive Case
Living Noun For possession we add ‘S after Noun. Noun + ‘S + Possession This is Rahul’s car.
Non Living Noun For non living Possession + Of + Noun Colour of the car is green.
Exception
1. Place ‘ s
2. Time ‘ s
3. Celestial body ‘ s
4. Idiomatic expression ‘ s
5. Personification ‘ s
If possession is related to Leaving thing then ‘s will add.
Jaipur’s Culture (Culture is related to people), but Jaipur’s Hill (Hill is non-living)
So right answer will be Hills of Jaipur
India’s Population, Delhi’s Roads, (Roads of Delhi) Germany’s beauty, Earth’s rotation , Moon’s
beauty, One day’s leave, (At an arm’s length, at a stone’s throw [Idiom])
Possessive Word No need to add ‘S Its = Possession
My, Our, Your, Her, its, there, him It’s = Contraction of It has, It is, It was.
Your Faithfully
Compound Noun
Possession = ‘S is added to the last word of compound noun.
It is Brother in law’s house. It is sister in law’s car.
Plural = s/es is added to the Major word.
Brothers in law, Members of parliament, General managers, Book shops.
Common Possession
__N1 + and + N2 ‘S Possession (SCN or PCN)
Ram and Shyam’s friend/friends, Deepika and Ranveer’s wedding. India and Chaina’s LAC.
Split Possession
N1 ‘S + and + N2 ‘S Possession (PCN or UN)
India’s and Chaina’s culture. Rahul’s and Mohan’s wedding.
Sequential possession
Possession + of + N1 ‘S + N2_____
My friend’s wife’s dog ran away. Dog of my friend’s wife ran away.
Rohan’s father’s house is in Chandighar. House of Rohan’s father in Chandighar.
Uncountable Noun to Plural ; Soap = A bar of soap.
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Unit
Numeral = Nr. = Word that define number, two, five etc.
Definite
Numeral + Unit (Sing) + Noun
Ram saw a three(Nr) foot(feet) snake. / She spends two thousand(thousands) rupees.
Please give me a five hundred rupee note(SCN).
Numeral + Unit + Noun
Complete Meaning == Self Sufficient + s/es (Day, Month, Year, Rupee)
Shikha demanded twenty rupees. / She spend ten days
Incomplete Meaning == Do not add s/es ( Hundred, Thousand, foot, dozen inch, score = 20)
Indefinite
Numeral + Unit + of + Noun + PHV
Plural Plural
Thousands of rupees are spent. / Two(Nr) thousand rupees are spent.
Arbitrary Unit
Mugful, Jugful, Glassful, Bowlful, Handful, for Plural Fistfuls
Two cupful sugar will be enough. / Fistfuls of sticks are required.
But
Fraction
Two thirds of this book is very easy.
Fraction Numerator is = 1 Singular unit and SHV
One tenth of the trees are cut.
Else Plural Unit and PHV
One fourth is. / Three fourths are. / Five thirds are. / One and one tenths are.
United Sense = SHV Divide Sense = PHV
A= Amount; W= Weight; D=Distance; H= Hight; S= Speed; P= Period of time
AWDH Se Pehele
Two thousand rupees is given to him (United sense).
Two thousand rupees are distributed among them. (Divided sense)
Ten miles are covered on foot and by car. (Divided sense)
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Helping Verb Agreement
Subject 1_________ Preposition _______Subject 2 _____ (HV according to Subj 1)
The questions of this chapter is / are easy. / The problem of many students is / are discussed.
The doctor with the nurses is / are in the operation theatre.
Same Noun (sing)____Prep_______Same Noun (Sing)____SHV
Pages after pages are read. / Page after page is read.
Doors to doors are knocked at. / Door to door is knocked at.
Words to words are dictated. / Word for word is dictated. Word for word = Verbatim (one word)
OF = Multiplication OF + Noun + HV
PCN + PHV
SCN + SHV
UCN + SHV
One tenth of 500 book is/are. (of = multiplication)
The question of these students is /are discussed. (of preposition)
One tenth of work (UCN) is / are done. /
Five percent of 2000 students is / are passed. / Five percent of work(UCN) has/have done.
Noun Vocabulary
Slang = Non-dictionary use of word.
Go to hell. Copy = Note book, Glass = Tumbler, aunty = aunt, English teacher = teacher of English.
Cheater = Cheat, Pick pocketer = Pick pocket.
Superfluous Expression.
Unintentional Mistake, Advance notice, Final destination, Final conclusion, Last update,
Past history, Unexpected surprise, Good name, Same identical, Repeatedly same, Postpone until,
Completely dead, Sudden explosion, Balance Deid, Equal balance, Totally Circular, Coward man,
Scholar student. [Underline words are superfluous expression.]
Some Noun are added with s/es but they use as SCN
Name of books (Proper noun), Name of Sports, Name of Country or Organisation,
Name of Diseases Measles, Mumps, Rackets, AIDs
Name of Subject: Mathematics, Physics, Polities, Economies
Possessive Case + Plural form change in Meaning + PHV
Mathematics is an interesting subject.
His mathematics are excellent. (Calculating)
Modi’s politics are very tricky (Political view)
Noun that always use Plural never use Singular +PHV
People, Public, Police, Peasantry, Poultry,
Cattle, Infantry, Cavalry, Vermin(িকট), Gentry, Clergy( পু রিহত )
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Identical Parts This nouns are use as Plural + PHV
Spectacles, Goggles, Sunglasses, Eye Glasses, Binoculars, Scissors, Tongs (িচমটা)।
Ear rings, Slippers, Anklets, Pantaloons, Lowers, Leggings
Identical Parts Convert PCN to SCN
A pair of shoes = SCN
Tushar wore a beautiful pair of shoes. / Where are my pair of pants.
I bought four pair of jeans yesterday.
This nouns always use Plural + PHV
Congratulations, Thanks, Regards, Surroundings, Belongings, Ashes, Embers (আি িশখা), Alms(দান)
Noun – Equivalent The + Adjective + PHV
The poor have a lot of problem to face. / The rich are growing wealth.
The wise are always respected. / The honest have to face many challenges.
She helped the poor. / The poor were helped by her.
Noun Vocabulary
[Material Noun or Abstract Noun] + s/es = Meaning Change
Money = Medium of exchange, Banknotes. Irons = Chain / Fetter
Monies = Assets. Respects = Compliments, Convey my Respects.
Pains = Efforts, Struggle Customs = Tax,
Woods = Forest Fruits = Result
Airs = Proud behaviour. Word = Verb/ Promise/ Discussion
Works= Literary writings, Repair work [ PWD = Words = Message
Public Works Departments] Goods = Commodities
Latin / Greek word
Singular Plural Singular Plural
Radius Radii Medium Media
Focus Foci Datum Data
Syllabus Syllabi Maximum Maxima
Criterion Criteria Thesis Theses
Formula Formulae
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18. A murder of………..
SET-A 19. A kennel of………..
Supply a suitable collective noun (for people) 20. A pack of………..
for each blank: Answer
1. A……….. Of students.
1. Fish 2.ansts 3.birds 4.birds 5.fish 6.sheep
2. An……….of soldiers.
7.deer/cattle/elephants/goats/buffaloes
3. A……….. Of singers.
8.bees
4. A………..of sailors.
9. Cubs 10.sparrows 11.horses 12. Lions
5. A……….. Of musicians.
13.wild
6. A………..of crooks.
Animals 14.wolves 15.puppies/ kittens
7. A……….. Of people/ spectators.
16.bees/
8. A……….. Of thieves.
Ants/rats/flies/insects 17.horses/ducks/oxen
9. A………..of dancers.
18. Crows 19.Dogs 20. Hounds
10. A………..of players.
11. A………..of artist/ dancers. Set-C
12. A………..of thieves. Supply a suitable collective noun (for thing)
13. A……….. Of employees. for each blank:
14. A………..of soldiers. 1. A……….. of islands.
15. A………..of native. 2. An……….of stars.
16. An………..of listeners. 3. A……….. of notes.
17. A………..of experts. 4. A………..of trees.
18. A………..of laborers. 5. A……….. of wood.
19. A………..of tourists. 6. A………..of ships.
20. A………..of directors. 7. A……….. of pearls.
Answer 8. An……….. Of
stamps/autographs/photographs.
1. Class 2.Army 3.Choir 4.Crew
9. A………..of bushes.
5. Band 6.Bunch 7.Crowd 8.Gang
10. A………..of books.
9. Group 10.Team 11.Troupe 12. Pack
11. A………..of fruit.
13. Staff 14.Regiment 15.Tribe 16. Audience
12. A………..of rice.
17. Panel 18.Gang 19.Flock 20. Board
13. A……….. of cards.
Set-B 14. A………..of shoes.
Supply a suitable collective noun ( for animals 15. A………..of flowers.
) for each blank: 16. An………..of keys.
1. A catch of………... 17. A………..of drawers.
2. An army of………. 18. A………..of lies.
3. A flight of……….. 19. A………..of mountains.
4. A flock of……….. 20. A………..of dust.
5. A haul of……….. Answer
6. A flock of………..
1. Group 2.galaxy 3.Wad 4.Forest
7. A herd of………..
5. Stack 6.Fleet 7.String 8.Album
8. A hive of………..
9. A litter of……….. 9. Hedge 10.Library 11.Basket 12. Bowl
10. A host of……….. 13. Pack 14.Pair 15.Bouquet 16.Bunch
11. A team of……….. 17. Chest 18.Pack 19.Range 20. Cloud
12. A troop of………...
13. A zoo of ………..
14. A pack of………...
15. A litter of ………..
16. A swarm of……….
17. A team of………..
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Set-D 9. Good ………….
10. Kind ………….
Make abstract noun from the following
11. Honest ………….
common
12. Difficult ………….
noun:
13. Anxious ………….
Common noun Abstract noun
14. Beautiful ………….
1. Thief………...
15. Jealous ………….
2. Priest……….
16. Loyal ………….
3. Captain………..
17. Mature …………..
4. Glutton………..
18. Painful …………..
5. Pirate………..
19. Sane …………...
6. Hero………..
20. Strong ….………..
7. Pilgrim………..
8. Friend……….. Answer
9. Child……….. 1. Anger 2.Length 3.width 4.wisdom
10. Slave……….. 5. Happiness 6.happiness 7.Bravery
11. Infant……….. 8.Freedom
12. Member………... 9. Poverty 10.Kindness 11.Honesty 12.
13. Bagger ……….. Difficulty
14. Neighbour………... 13. Anxiety 14.beauty 15.jealousy 16. loyalty
15. Patriot ……….. 17.Maturity 18.pain 19.Sanity 20. Strength
16. Agent………. Set-F
17. Scholar………..
Make abstract noun from the following verb:
18. Author………..
Verb Abstract noun
19. Coward………..
1. Act …………..
20. Boy………..
2. Advise …………..
Answer 3. Live …………..
1. Thieving 2.Priesthood 3.Captainship 4. Speak …………..
4.Gluttony 5. Know ………….
5. Piracy 6.Heroism 7.Pilgrimage 8.Friendship 6. See ………….
9. Childhood 10.Slavery 11.Infancy 12. 7. Laugh ………….
Membership 8. Appear ………….
13. Beggary 14.Neighbourhood 15.Patriotism 9. Converse ………….
16. 10. Please ………….
Agency 11. Marry ………….
17. Scholarship 18.Authorship 19.Cowardice 12. Permit ………….
20. 13. Sell ………….
Boyhood 14. Grow ………….
Set-E 15. Hate ………….
16. Defend ………….
Make abstract noun from the following
17. Punish …………...
adjective:
18. Discover …………...
Adjective Abstract noun
19. Flatter ….………..
1. Angry …………..
20. Think …………...
2. Long …………..
3. Wide ………….. 1. Action 2.advice 3.life 4.speech
4. Wise ………….. 5. Knowledge 6.sight 7.laughter 8.appearance
5. Happy …………. 9. Conversation 10.pleasure 11.marriage 12.
6. Brave …………. Permission 13. Sale 14.growth 15.hatred 16.
7. Free …………. Defense 17. Punishment 18.discovery
8. Poor …………. 19.flattery 20. Thought
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Set-G 10. A piece of Heaven
11. A piece of Bark
Make a plural of compound noun:
12. A piece of ignorance
Compound noun plural of Compound noun
13. A piece of the puzzle
1. Secretary General Attorney ………….....
14. A piece of good sense
2. General Manager ………….....
15. A piece of soul
3. Book shop ………….....
16. A piece of good news
4. Shopkeeper ………….....
17. A bar gold
5. Looker-on ………….....
18. A bar soap
6. Passer-by ………….....
19. Loaves of bread
7. Handful ………….....
20. Loaves of fish
8. Bag-ful
21. Loaves of love
9. Officer-in-charge
22. A strand of hair
10. Code of conduct
23. Some items of stationery
11. Man-teacher
24. An article jewellery
12. Woman doctor
25. Five slices of Bread
13. Man-hater
26. All pieces of Information
14. Major-general
15. Court-martial Set-I
16. Brother-in-law ………........ Make abstract noun from the following
17. Maid-servant …………..... adjective:
18. Governor-general ….……….... Singular noun Plural noun
19. Engineer-in-chief …………….. 1. Cactus ………………
20. Bed-room …………….. 2. Focus ……………..
21. Pea-hen …………….. 3. Fungus ……………..
22. Member of Parliament …………….. 4. Nucleus ……………..
Answer 5. Syllabus ……………..
6. Alga ………………
1. Secretaries general attorney 2.General
7. Alumnus ………………
manager's 3.Book shops 4. Shopkeepers 5.
8. Larva ……………...
Lookers-on 6. Passers-by 7. Handfuls
9. Antenna ………………
8.Bagfuls 9. Officers-in-charge 10. Codes of
10. Appendix ……………..
conduct 11.Men-teachers 12. Women-doctors
11. Curriculum ………………
13. Men-haters 14.Major-generals
12. Formula ……………..
15.Courts-martial 16. Brothers-in-law 17.
13. Index ……………..
Maid-servants 18.Governors-genera 19.
14. Millennium ……………..
Engineers-in-chief 20. Bed-rooms 21. Peahens
15. Referendum ……………..
22. Members of Parliament
16. Phenomenon ……………..
17. Criterion ……………..
Set-H 18. Analysis ……………..
19. Diagnosis ………….....
Phrase used to make plural of uncountable
20. Oasis ……………..
noun
21. Thesis ……………...
1. A piece of furniture
22. Crisis ……………...
2. A piece of drawing paper
23. Basis ……………...
3. A piece of cake
24. Parenthesis ……………...
4. A piece of Workmanship
25. Synopsis ……………...
5. A piece of Land
26. Ellipsis ……………...
6. A piece of Chocolate
27. Metamorphosis ……………...
7. A piece of Advice
28. Synthesis ……………...
8. A piece of Work
29. Hypothesis ……………...
9. A piece of Art
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30. Axis ……………...
31. Narcosis ……………...
32. Momentum ……………...
33. Datum ……………...
34. Agendum ……………...
35. Corrigendum ……………...
36. Addendum ……………...
37. Crematorium ……………...
38. Maximum ……………...
39. Bacterium ……………...
40. Minimum ……………...
41. Aquarium ……………...
42. Dictum ……………...
43. Medium ……………...
44. Podium ……………...
45. Stratum ……………...
46. Curriculum ……………...
47. Emporium ……………...
48. Memorandum ……………...
49. Rostrum ……………...
50. Ultimatum ……………...
Answer
1. Cacti 2. Foci 3. Fungi 4. Nuclei 5. Syllabi
6.Algae 7. Alumni 8. Larvae 9. Antennas/
Antennae 10. Appendices/appendixes 11.
Curricula/curriculums 12. Formulae/ formulas
13. Indexes/Indices 14. Millennia
Millenniums 15. Referenda/referendums 16.
Phenomena 17. Criteria 18. Analyses 19.
Diagnoses 20. Oases 21. Theses 22. Crises
23. Bases 24. Parentheses 25. Synopses 26.
Ellipes 27. Metamorphoses 28. Syntheses
29. Hypotheses 30. Axis 31. Narcoses 32.
Momenta 33. Data 34. Agenda 35. Corrigenda
36. Addenda 37. Crematoria 38.
Maxima 39. Bacteria 40. Minima 41.
Aquaria/aquariums 42. Dicta/dictums 43.
Media 44. Podia 45. Strata 46. Curricula/
curriculums 47. Emporia 48. Memoranda
49. Rostra 50. Ultimata
