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aryanjais1503EXERCISE 1(A)
1, If A contains 10 elements then total number of functions defined from A to A is
(a) 10 (b) 2 10 (c) 10 10 (d) 210 1
Sol. (c)
According to formula, total number of functions = n n
Here, n = 10. So, total number of functions = 10 10 .
x| x |
2 If f (x ) , then f (1)
| x|
(a) 1 (b) –2 (c) 0 (d) 2
Sol. (b)
1 | 1 | 1 1
f (1) 2 .
| 1 | 1
1
3 If f (y ) log y, then f (y ) f is equal to
y
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) –1
Sol. (c)
1
Given f (y) log y f (1 / y) log (1 / y) , then f (y ) f log y log(1 / y) log 1 0.
y
1 x 2x
4 If f (x ) log , then f is equal to
1 x 1 x 2
(a) [ f (x )] 2 (b) [ f (x )] 3 (c) 2 f (x ) (d) 3 f (x )
Sol. (c)
1 x
f (x ) log
1 x
2x
2x 1 x 2 1 2x 1 x
2
1 x
f log 1 x2 log 2 log 2 log 2 f (x )
1 x 2
1 2 x x 1 2 x 1 x 1 x
1 x2
5 If f (x ) cos[ 2 ]x cos [ 2 ]x , then
(a) f 2 (b) f ( ) 2 (c) f ( ) 1 (d) f 1
4 2
Sol. (d)
f (x ) cos [ 2 ]x cos [ 2 ] x
19 x x
f (x ) cos( 9 x ) cos( 10 x ) cos( 9 x ) cos(10 x ) 2 cos cos
2 2
19 1 1
f 2 cos cos ; f 2 1 .
2 4 4 2 2 2
n
6 If f:RR satisfies f (x y) f (x) f (y), for all x, y R and f (1) 7, then f (r) is
r 1
7n 7(n 1) 7 n(n 1)
(a) (b) (c) 7n (n 1) (d)
2 2 2
Sol. (d)
f (x y ) f (x ) f (y )
put x 1, y 0 f (1) f (1) f (0) 7
put x 1, y 1 f (2) 2 . f (1) 2 .7 ; similarly f (3) 3.7 and so on
n
7 n(n 1)
f (r) 7 (1 2 3 ..... n) =
r 1
2
.
1 1
7 If f (x ) for x 2, then f (11)
x 2 2x 4 x 2 2x 4
7 5 6 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
6 6 7 7
Sol. (c)
1 1
f (x )
x 2 2x 4 x 2 2x 4
1 1 1 1 3 2 3 2 6
f (11 ) .
11 2 18 11 2 18 3 2 3 2 7 7 7
1
8 Domain of the function is
x 12
(a) (, 1) (1, ) (b) (, 1] (1, ) (c) (, 1) [1, ) (d) None of these
Sol. (a)
For domain, x 2 1 0 (x 1)(x 1) 0
x 1 or x 1 x (,1) (1, ) .
1
9 The domain of the function f (x ) is
| x | x
(a) R (b) R (c) R0 (d) R
Sol. (b)
For domain, | x | x 0 | x | x . This is possible, only when x R.
log 2 (x 3)
10 Find the domain of definition of f (x )
x 2 3x 2
(a) (3, ) (b) {1, 2} (c) (3, ) {1, 2} (d) (, )
Sol. (c)
log 2 (x 3) log 2 (x 3)
Here f (x ) exists if,
x 2 3x 2 (x 1)( x 2)
Numerator x 3 0 x 3 …... (i)
and denominator (x 1)( x 2) 0 x 1, 2 …… (ii)
Thus, from (i) and (ii); we have domain of f (x ) is (3, ) {1, 2} .
11 The domain of the function f ( x ) (2 2 x x 2 ) is
(a) 3 x 3 (b) 1 3 x 1 3
(c) 2 x 2 (d) None of these
Sol. (b)
The quantity square root is positive, when 1 3 x 1 3 .
12 If the domain of function f (x ) x 2 6 x 7 is (, ) , then the range of function is
(a) (, ) (b) [ 2, ) (c) (2, 3) (d) (, 2)
Sol. (b)
x 2 6 x 7 ( x 3) 2 2 Obviously, minimum value is –2 and maximum .
13 The domain of the function f (x ) x x 2 4 x 4 x is
(a) [4, ) (b) [4, 4] (c) [0, 4 ] (d) [0, 1]
Sol. (d)
f (x ) x x 2 4 x 4 x
clearly f (x ) is defined if
4 x 0 x 4
4 x 0 x 4
x (1 x ) 0 x 0 and x 1
Domain of f (, 4] [4, ) [0, 1] [0, 1] .
14 The domain of the function log(x 2 6 x 6) is
(a) (, ) (b) (,3 3 ) (3 3 , )
(c) (, 1] [5, ) (d) [0, )
Sol. (c)
The function f (x ) log( x 2 6 x 6 ) is defined when log( x 2 6 x 6 ) 0
x 2 6x 6 1 (x 5)(x 1) 0
This inequality hold if x 1 or x5 . Hence, the domain of the function will be
(, 1] [5, ) .
15 The domain of definition of the function y(x ) given by 3x 3y 3 is
(a) (0, 1] (b) [0, 1] (c) (, 0] (d) (, 1)
Sol. (d)
3 y 3 3x
y is real if 3 3x 0 3 3x 1x
x (, 1)
16 The domain of the function f (x) cos1[log2 (x / 2)] is
(a) [1, 4] (b) [– 4, 1] (c) [– 1, 4] (d) None of these
Sol. (a)
f (x ) sin 1 [log 2 (x /2)]
Domain of cos 1 x is x [1, 1]
1 log 2 (x / 2) 1 1 x
2 1 x 4
2 2
x [1, 4] .
17 If f (x ) x 2 1, then f 1 (17 ) and f 1 (3) will be
(a) 4, 1 (b) 4, 0 (c) 3, 2 (d) None of these
Sol. (d)
Let y x2 1 x y 1
f 1 (y) y 1 f 1 ( x ) x 1
f 1 (17 ) 17 1 4
and f 1 (3) 3 1 4 , which is not possible.
3
18 Domain of definition of the function f (x) log 2 (x 5 x 3 ), is
4x 2
(a) (1, 2) (b) (–1, 0) (1, 2)
(c) (1, 2) (2, ) (d) (–1, 0) (1, 2) (2, )
Sol. (d)
3
f (x ) log 10 (x 3 x )
4 x2
– + – +
So, 4 x2 0 x 4 x 2
–1 0 1
and x 5 x 3 0 x 3 (x 2 1) 0 x 0,| x | 1
D (1, 0) (1, ) {2}
D (1, 0) (1, 2) (2, ) .
19 The domain of the function f (x ) log3 x (x 2 1) is
(a) (3, 1) (1, ) (b) [3, 1) [1, )
(c) (3,2) (2, 1) (1, ) (d) [3, 2) (2, 1) [1, ]
Sol. (c)
f (x ) is to be defined when x 2 1 0
x 2 1, x 1 or x 1 and 3 x 0
x 3 and x 2
Dr (3, 2) (2, 1) (1, ) .
20 Domain of definition of the function f (x) 2sin 1 (2x) , for real value x, is
3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(a) 4 , 2 (b) 2 , 2 (c) , (d) 4 , 4
2 9
Sol. (a)
1 1
sin 1 (2 x )
1
2x 1 x , .
6 2 2 4 2
21 The range of f (x ) cos x sin x , is
(a) (1, 1) (b) [1, 1) (c) 2 , 2 (d) [ 2 , 2 ]
Sol. (d)
1 1
Let, f (x ) cos x sin x f (x ) 2 cos x sin x f (x ) 2 cos x
2 2 4
Now since, 1 cos x 1 2 f (x ) 2 f (x ) [ 2 , 2 ]
4
Trick : Maximum value of cos x sin x is 2 and minimum value of cos x sin x is 2 .
Hence, range of f (x ) [ 2 , 2] .
1 x2
22 The range of is
x2
(a) (0, 1) (b) (1, ) (c) [0, 1] (d) [1, )
Sol. (b)
1 x2 1
Let y x 2 y 1 x 2 x 2 (y 1) 1 x 2
x2 y 1
1
Now since, x2 0 0 (y 1) 0 y 1 y (1, )
y 1
1 x2 1 1
Trick : y 1 . Now since, is always > 0 y 1 y (1, ) .
2 2
x x x2
1
23 For real values of x, range of the function y is
2 sin 3 x
1 1 1 1
(a) y 1 (b) y 1 (c) y 1 (d) y 1
3 3 3 3
Sol. (a)
1 1 1
y , 2 sin 3 x sin 3 x 2
2 sin 3 x y y
Now since,
1 1 1 1
1 sin 3 x 1 1 2 1 3 1 1 3 y 1.
y y y 3
24 If f (x ) a cos ( bx c ) d, then range of f (x ) is
(a) [d a, d 2a] (b) [a d, a d] (c) [d a, a d] (d) [d a, d a]
Sol. (d)
f (x ) a cos( bx c) d ….. (i)
For minimum cos( bx c) 1
from (i), f (x ) a d (d a) ,
for maximum cos( bx c) 1
from (i), f (x ) a d (d a)
Range of f (x) [d a, d a] .
x2
25 The range of the function f (x ) is
| x 2|
(a) {0, 1} (b) {– 1, 1} (c) R (d) R {2}
Sol. (b)
x2 1, x 2
f (x )
| x 2| 1, x 2
Range of f (x ) is {1, 1} .
26 The range of f (x ) sec cos 2 x , x is
4
(a) [1, 2 ] (b) [1, ) (c) [ 2 , 1] [1, 2 ] (d) (, 1] [1, )
Sol. (a)
f (x ) sec cos 2 x
4
We know that, 0 cos 2 x 1 at cos x 0, f (x ) 1 and at cos x 1, f ( x ) 2
1 x 2 x [1, 2] .
x2 x 2
27 Range of the function f (x ) ; x R is
x2 x 1
(a) (1, ) (b) (1, 11 / 7) (c) (1, 7 / 3] (d) (1, 7 / 5]
Sol. (c)
f (x ) 1
1
2
Range (1, 7 / 3] .
1 3
x
2 4
28 Function f : N N, f (x) 2 x 3 is
(a) One-one onto (b) One-one into (c) Many-one onto (d) Many –one into
Sol. (b)
f is one-one because f (x1 ) f (x 2 ) 2 x1 3 2 x 2 3 x1 x 2
x 3
Further f 1 (x ) N (domain) when x = 1, 2, 3 etc.
2
f is into which shows that f is one-one into.
29 The function f:RR defined by f (x ) (x 1)(x 2)(x 3) is
(a) One-one but not onto (b) Onto but not one-one
(c) Both one-one and onto (d) Neither one-one nor onto
Sol. (b)
We have f (x ) (x 1)(x 2)(x 3) f (1) f (2) f (3) 0 f (x ) is not one-one
For each y R, there exists xR such that f (x ) y . Therefore f is onto.
Hence, f:RR is onto but not one-one.
30 Find number of surjection from A to B where A {1, 2, 3, 4}, B {a, b}
(a) 13 (b) 14 (c) 15 (d) 16
Sol. (b)
2
Number of surjection from A to B (1)
r 1
2 r 2
Cr (r)4
(1)2 1 2C1 (1)4 (1)2 2 2C 2 (2)4 2 16 14
Therefore, number of surjection from A to B = 14.
Trick : Total number of functions from A to B is 2 4 of which two function f (x ) a for all xA
and g(x ) b for all x A are not surjective. Thus, total number of surjection from A to B
2 4 2 14 .
31 If A {a, b, c}, then total number of one-one onto functions which can be defined from A
to A is
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 9 (d) 6
Sol. (d)
Total number of one-one onto functions = 3!
32 If f : R R, then f (x) | x | is
(a) One-one but not onto (b) Onto but not one-one
(c) One-one and onto (d) None of these
Sol. (d)
f (1) f (1) 1 function
is many-one function.
Obviously, f is not onto so f is neither one-one nor onto.
x m
33 Let f:RR be a function defined by f (x ) , where m n. Then
x n
(a) f is one-one onto (b) f is one-one into
(c) f is many one onto (d) f is many one into
Sol. (b)
For any x, y R, we have
x m y m
f (x ) f (y ) x y
x n y n
f is one-one
x m m n
Let R such that f (x ) x
x n 1
Clearly x R for 1 . So, f is not onto.
34 The function f : R R defined by f (x ) e x is
(a) Onto (b) Many-one
(c) One-one and into (d) Many one and onto
Sol. (c)
Function f : R R is defined by f (x ) e x . Let x1 , x 2 R and f (x1 ) f (x 2 ) or e x1 e x 2
x1 x 2 . Therefore f is one-one. Let f (x ) e x y . Taking log on both sides, we get x log y
. We know that negative real numbers have no pre-image or the function is not onto and
zero is not the image of any real number. Therefore function f is into.
n 1
, when n is odd
35 A function f from the set of natural numbers to integers defined by f (n) 2
n
, when n is even
2
, is
(a) One-one but not onto (b) Onto but not one-one
(c) One-one and onto both (d) Neither one-one nor onto
Sol. (c)
f:N I
f (1) 0, f (2) 1, f (3) 1, f (4) 2, f (5) 2 and f (6) 3 so on.
1 0
–1
2
3 1
4 –2
5 2
6 –3
In this type of function every element of set A has unique image in set B and there is no
element left in set B. Hence f is one-one and onto function.
36 Which of the following is an even function
ax 1 a x a x ax 1
(a) x x
(b) tan x (c) (d)
a 1 2 ax 1
Sol. (a)
ax 1
We have : f (x ) x x
a 1
1
a x 1 1
x 1 a ax 1
x x
f ( x ) x x x a x x f (x )
a 1 1 ax
1
1 a 1
a x
So, f (x ) is an even function.
37 Let f (x ) x 4 15 , then the graph of the function y f (x ) is symmetrical about
(a) The x-axis (b) The y-axis (c) The origin (d) The line x y
Sol. (b)
f (x ) x 4 15 f ( x ) ( x )4 15 x 4 15 f (x )
f ( x ) f (x ) f (x ) is an even function f (x ) is symmetric about y-axis.
38 The function f (x ) log(x x 2 1 ) is
(a) An even function (b) An odd function
(c) Periodic function (d) None of these
Sol. (b)
f (x ) log(x x 2 1 ) and f ( x ) log(x x 2 1 ) f (x ) , so f (x ) is an odd function.
39 Which of the following is an even function
ax 1 ax 1 a x a x
(a) f (x ) (b) f (x ) x x
(c) f (x ) (d) f (x ) sin x
ax 1 a 1 a x a x
Sol. (b)
ax 1 1 ax ax 1
In option (a), f ( x ) f (x ) So, It is an odd function.
a x 1 1 ax ax 1
a x 1 (1 a x ) (a x 1)
In option (b), f ( x ) ( x ) x
x x x f (x ) So, It is an even function.
a 1 1a x
(a 1)
a x a x
In option (c), f ( x ) f (x ) So, It is an odd function.
a x a x
In option (d), f ( x ) sin( x ) sin x f (x ) So, It is an odd function.
40 The function f (x ) sin log(x x 2 1 ) is
(a) Even function (b) Odd function
(c) Neither even nor odd (d) Periodic function
Sol. (b)
f (x ) sin log(x 1 x 2 )
( 1 x 2 x )
f ( x ) sin[log( x 1 x 2 )] f ( x ) sin log ( 1 x 2 x )
( 1 x 2 x)
f ( x ) sinlog(x 1 x 2 )1
1
f ( x ) sin log
(x 1 x 2 )
f ( x ) sin log(x 1 x 2 ) f ( x ) sinlog(x 1 x 2 ) f ( x ) f (x )
f (x ) is odd function.
1
41 The period of the function f (x ) 2 cos (x ) is
3
(a) 6 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d)
Sol. (a)
1 x
f (x ) 2 cos (x ) 2 cos
3 3 3
x 2
Now, since cos x has period 2 cos has period 6
3 3 1
3
x
2 cos has period 6 .
3 3
x x x
42 The function f (x ) sin 2 cos tan is periodic with period
2 3 4
(a) 6 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 12
Sol. (d)
x 2
sin x has period 2 sin has period 4
2
2
x 2 x
cos x has period 2 cos has period 6 2 cos has period = 6
3 3
3
x
tan x has period tan has period 4.
4
4
L.C.M. of 4, 6 and 4 =12, period of f (x ) = 12.
43 The period of | sin 2 x | is
(a) (b) (c) (d) 2
4 2
Sol. (b)
(1 cos 4 x )
Here | sin 2 x | sin 2 2 x
2
Period of cos 4 x is . Hence, period of | sin 2 x | will be
2 2
2
Trick : sin x has period 2 sin 2 x has period . Now, if f (x ) has period p then
2
p
| f (x )| has period | sin 2 x | has period .
2 2
44 If f (x ) is an odd periodic function with period 2, then f (4 ) equals
(a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) –4
Sol. (a)
Given, f (x ) is an odd periodic function. We can take sin x , which is odd and periodic.
Now since, sin x has period = 2 and f (x ) has period = 2.
So, f (x ) sin( x ) f (4 ) sin( 4 ) 0 .
45 The period of the function f (x ) sin2 x is
(a) (b) (c) 2 (d) None of these
2
Sol. (b)
1 cos 2 x 2
sin2 x Period .
2 2
46 The period of f (x ) x [ x ], if it is periodic, is
1
(a) f (x ) is not periodic (b) (c) 1 (d) 2
2
Sol. (c)
Let f (x ) be periodic with period T. Then,
f (x T ) f (x ) for all xR x T [x T ] x [x ] for all xR x T x [x T ] [x ]
[x T ] [x ] T for all xR T 1, 2, 3, 4,........
The smallest value of T satisfying,
f (x T ) f (x ) for all x R is 1.
Hence f (x ) x [x ] has period 1.
x x
47 The period of f (x ) sin cos , n Z, n2 is
n 1 n
(a) 2n (n 1) (b) 4 n (n 1) (c) 2n(n 1) (d) None of these
Sol. (c)
x x
f (x ) sin cos
n 1 n
x 2 x 2
Period of sin 2n 1 and period of cos 2n
n 1 n
n 1 n
Hence period of f (x ) is LCM of 2n and 2(n 1) 2n(n 1) .
48 If a,b be two fixed positive integers such that
1
f (a x ) b [b 3 1 3b 2 f (x ) 3b{ f (x )}2 { f (x )}3 ] 3 for all real x, then f (x ) is a periodic function
with period
(a) a (b) 2a (c) b (d) 2b
Sol. (b)
f (a x ) b (1 {b f (x )}3 )1 / 3 f (a x ) b {1 { f (x ) b}3 }1 / 3
(a x ) {1 { (x )}3 }1 / 3 [ (x ) f (x ) b ] (x 2a) {1 { (x a)}3 }1 / 3 (x )
f (x 2a) b f (x ) b f (x 2a) f (x )
f (x ) is periodic with period 2a .
49 If f : R R, f (x) 2 x 1 and g : R R, g(x ) x 2 then (gof)(x ) equals
(a) 2x 1
2
(b) (2 x 1) 2
(c) 4 x 2x 1
2
(d) x 2 2x 1
Sol. (b)
gof (x) g{ f (x)} g (2 x 1) (2 x 1)2 .
50 If f : R R, f (x ) (x 1)2 and g : R R, g(x ) x 2 1, then ( fog)(3) is equal to
(a) 121 (b) 144 (c) 112 (d) 11
Sol. (a)
fog (x ) f {g (x )} f (x 2 1) (x 2 1 1)2 (x 2 2)2 fog (3) (9 2)2 121 .
51 Which of the following function is invertible
(a) f (x ) 2 x (b) f (x ) x 3 x (c) f (x ) x 2 (d) None of these
Sol. (a)
A function is invertible if it is one-one and onto.
1
52 If g(x ) x 2 x 2 and (gof)(x ) 2 x 2 5 x 2, then f (x ) is equal to
2
(a) 2x 3 (b) 2x 3 (c) 2x 2 3x 1 (d) 2x 2 3x 1
Sol. (a)
g(x ) x 2 x 2 (gof )(x ) g[ f (x )] [ f (x )]2 f (x ) 2
1 1 1
Given, (gof)(x ) 2 x 2 5 x 2 [ f (x )]2 f (x ) 1 2 x 2 5 x 2
2 2 2
[ f (x )]2 f (x ) 4 x 2 10 x 6 f (x )[ f (x ) 1] (2 x 3)[(2 x 3) 1] f (x ) 2 x 3 .
y y
53 If f (y ) , g(y ) , then ( fog) (y) is equal to
1y 2
1 y2
y y 1 y2
(a) (b) (c) y (d)
1 y2 1 y2 1 y2
Sol. (c)
y / 1 y2 y 1 y2
f [g(y )] y
2
1 y2 1 y2 y2
1
y
1 y2
2x 3
54 If f (x ) , then [ f { f (x )}] equals
x 2
x 1
(a) x (b) x (c) (d)
2 x
Sol. (a)
2x 3
2 3
x2
f [ f ( x )] x
2x 3
2
x2
55 Suppose that g(x ) 1 x and f (g(x )) 3 2 x x , then f(x) is
(a) 1 2x 2 (b) 2 x2 (c) 1 x (d) 2x
Sol. (b)
g(x ) 1 x and f (g(x )) 3 2 x x ….. (i)
f (1 x) 3 2 x x
Put 1 x y x (y 1)2
then, f (y) 3 2(y 1) (y 1)2 2 y2
therefore, f (x ) 2 x 2 .
1, x 0
56 Let g(x ) 1 x [ x ] and f ( x ) 0, x 0 , then for all x, f (g(x )) is equal to
1, x 0
(a) x (b) 1 (c) f (x ) (d) g(x )
Sol. (b)
Here g(x) 1 n n 1, x n Z
1nk n 1k , x nk (where n Z, 0 k 1 )
1, g(x ) 0
Now f (g(x )) 0, g(x ) 0
1, g(x ) 0
Clearly, g(x ) 0 for all x. So, f (g(x )) 1 for all x.
2x 1
57 If f (x ) , then (fof )(2) is equal to
3x 2
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 2
Sol. (d)
5
Here f (2)
4
5
2 1
5 4
Hence ( fof )(2) f ( f (2)) f 2.
4 3 5 2
4
58 If f:RR and g:RR are given by f (x) | x | and g(x ) [ x ] for each x R, then
{x R : g( f (x)) f (g(x))}
(a) Z (, 0) (b) (, 0) (c) Z (d) R
Sol. (d)
g( f (x )) f (g(x )) g(| x |) f[x ] [| x |] | [x ]| . This is true for x R.
59 If f : [1, ) [1, ) is defined as f (x ) 2 x ( x 1) then f 1 (x ) is equal to
x ( x 1 )
1 1
(a) (b) 1 1 4 log 2 x
2 2
(c) 1
2
1 1 4 log 2 x (d) Not defined
Sol. (b)
Given f (x ) 2 x ( x 1) x (x 1) log 2 f (x )
1 1 4 log 2 f (x )
x 2 x log 2 f (x ) 0 x
2
1 1 4 log 2 f ( x )
Only x lies in the domain
2
1
f 1 (x ) [1 1 4 log 2 x ]
2
60 If the function f:RR be such that f (x ) x [ x ], where [y ] denotes the greatest integer
less than or equal to y, then f 1 (x ) is
1
(a) (b) [x ] x (c) Not defined (d) None of these
x [x ]
Sol. (c)
f (x ) x [ x ] Since, for x 0 f (x) 0
For x 1 f (x ) 0 .
For every integer value of x, f (x) 0
f (x ) is not one-one
So f 1 (x ) is not defined.
FUNCTIONS
EXERCISE – 1(B)
Q.1 (D)
2 x
Domain of sec1
4
sec 1 x is always positive
2 x 2 x
So, 1 or 1
4 4
2 x 4 or 2 x 4
x 2 or x 6
x [ , 6] [6, ]
Q.2 (D)
x2 5x 6 1
f ( x) log 2
x x 1 [ x 1]
2
x2 5x 6
0 and [ x 2 1] 0
x2 x 1
( x 2)( x 3) 0 and x2 1 1
x ( , 2) (3, ) and x [ , 2 ] [ 2 , ]
x [ , 2] [ 2 , 2] (3, )
Q.3 (A)
1 x 1 x 3
f ( x) sin 1 cos
3 5
1 x x 3
1 1 and 1 5
3 5
3 1 x 3 and 5 x 3 5
4 x 2 and 2 x 8
So, x [ 4 , 4] and x[ 8,8]
Q.4 (B)
f ( x) 2{x}2 3{x} 1
2{x}2 3{x} 1 0
(2{x} 1) ({x} 1) 0
1
{x} , (1, )
2
1
But {x} has range (0 , 1) only so, {x} 0, and x [ x] {x}
2
1 1
in ( – 1 , 1), x 1 0, 1 0 0, 0 {1 0}
2 2
1 1
x 1, 0, {1}
2 2
Q.5 (D)
f ( x) cos(sin x) log x {x}
1 sin x 1 and 0 {x} 1
1 cos(sin x) cos1 So, x n , n
Hence, x R log x {n} 0
x 1 , x 0, x 1
So, x(0,1)
Q.6 (D)
[ x] 1 x 2
x 2 1 [ x]
Hence for x 1 & x 3 ………….(1)
For, x( 1,1), x 2 (0,1)
And 1 [ x] 0 . So, not satisfying inequality.
For, x (2, 1) ,[ x] 2 ………….(2)
x2 3
So, x( , 3) ( 3 , )
Hence, x [ , 3] …………..(3)
From (1) , (2) , (3)
x( , 3) (1, )
Q.7 (D)
x2
f ( x) sin 1 log 2 [ . ] GIF
2
x2
1 log 2 1
2
x2
1 log 2 2
2
1 x2
4
2 2
1 x 2 8
So, x 2 2 , 1 1, 2 2
Q.8 (C)
2x 2 f ( x) 2
2 f ( x ) (2 2 x )
f ( x) log 2 (2 2 x )
So, 2 2 x 0
2x 2
x 1
Solution : ( ,1)
Q.9 (B)
f ( x ) has domain [1, 2]
For f ([ x] x 2 4) to have real value.
x 2 2 [ x] x 2 5 [ x]
is always true for x 3 is always true for x 7
and x 1 and x 3
So, x( , 1) ( 3 , ) x ( 3 , 7)
Solution : x[ 3 , 1] [ 3 , 7]
Q.10 (C)
1
f ( x)
1 2 cos x
1 cos x 1
2 2 cos x 2
3 1 2 cos x 1
1 1 1
1
1 2 cos x 1 2 cos x 3
1
So, x ( , 1) ,
3
Q.11 (D)
f ( x) sin 1 x tan 1 x cos 1 x
(sin 1 x cos 1 x) tan 1 x
tan 1 x
2
But x[ 1,1]
So, tan 1 x
4 4
3
tan 1 x
4 2 4
3
Hence x ,
4 4
Q.12. (B)
1 1
f ( x) sin 1 x 2 cos 1 x 2
2 2
1 1
sin 1 x 2 cos 1 x 2 1
2 2
1
Now, 1 x 2 1
2
1
And 1 x 2 1 1
2
1
So, 0 x 2 1
2
1
Hence, x 2 {0 , 1}
2
Hence, f ( x) { }
Q.13 (C)
f ( x) sin 1 x2 x 1
3
x2 x 1
4
3
x2 x 1
2
For sin 1 x 2 x 1 to be defined
3
x2 x 1 1
2
3
sin 1 sin
1
x 2 x 1 sin 1 1
2
f ( x)
3 2
So, ,
3 2
Q.14 (C)
x2
f ( x) cos 1
1 x
2
x2
Range of : 0,1
1 x 2
hence range of f (x) : 0,
2
Q.15 (D)
f ( x) ln (cos (sin x))
1 sin x 1
cos1 cos (sin x) 1
or ln cos (sin x) ln1
For square root to be defined, ln cos (sin x) 0
hence ln cos (sin x) 0 .
Range of f (x) : {0}
Q.16 (D)
x 1
f ( x)
x 2x 3
2
Discriminant of x 2 2 x 3 is negative so x 2 2 x 3 is always positive
x 1 1
f ( x)
( x 1) 2 ( x 1) 2
2
x 1
x 1
2
So, for x > 1, 2 2
x 1
1 1
So,
2 2 2
( x 1)
x 1
1 1
Similarly, x 1 ,
( x 1)
2 2 2
x 1
1 1
So, f ( x) ,
2 2 2 2
Q.17 (D)
1 x2
1
f ( x) cos 2 x
2
2x
1 x2 1 x2
1 or 1
2x 2x
So, x = 1 and x 1 are the 2 points in domain.
So, f (1) 0 1
f (1) 1
So, Range {1 , 1 }
Q.18 (D)
tan ( [ x 2 x])
f ( x)
1 sin ( cos x)
Domain is R
[ ] is an integral value so, [ x 2 x] is an integral multiple of .
hence tan ( [ ]) 0 x R
Range {0}
Q.19 (D)
ex
f ( x) ,x0
[ x 1]
e x is an increasing continuous function and [ x + 1] 1
Hence, Range will be [1 , ]
Q.20 (C)
1 1
f ( x) , x 1 f ( f ( x))
1 x 1 f ( x)
1
1
1
1 x
x 1
, x 0, x 1
x
f ( x) 1
Further f ( f ( f ( x)))
f ( x)
1
1
1 x , x 0 , x 1
1
1 x
x , x 0, x 1
Q.21 (A)
f ( g ( x)) sin x
g ( f ( x)) sin 2 x
So, f ( x ) x & g ( x) sin 2 x
Q.22 (A)
x if x is rational
Given f ( x )
1 x if x is irrational
f ( x) if f ( x) is rational
So, f ( f ( x))
1 f x if f ( x) is irrational
x if x is rational
f ( f ( x))
1 1 x if x is irrational
Hence f (f (x)) = x.
Q.23 (D)
x2 if x 0
f ( x)
x if x 0
( f ( x)) 2 if f ( x) 0
f ( f ( x))
f ( x) if f ( x) 0
Now f (x) can’t be less than 0 hence
f (f (x)) = f (x) for all values of x.
Q.24 (A)
f ( x) sin 1 (sin x) e tan x
sin 1 sin x has a period of 2
and e tan x has a period of
So, period of f (x) = LCM{} i.e. 2
Q.25 (D)
2x
2 2x.
x x
(A) x
2
Now 2 2 x T x T 1 .
xT x
(B) sin 1{x T} sin 1 x x T x T 1
(C) sin 1
sin x T sin 1
sin x sin x T sin x T 2
(D) sin 1 cos( x T)2 sin 1 cos( x)2 cos( x T)2 cos( x)2
Function is non periodic.
Q.26 (C)
cos (sin (nx))
f ( x) , n has period 6
x
tan
n
Numerator has a period of
n
Denominator has period of n , where n
So, period of f (x) = LCM , n n 6
n
n6
Q.27 (A)
f ( x) sin 3 {x} tan [ x]
As [ x ] is an integer hence tan [ x] is always equal to 0.
f ( x T) f ( x) sin 3 {x T} sin 3 {x} 3 { x T} n 1 3 { x}
n
or 3{x T} n 1 3{x}
n
2m
i n 2m {x T} {x}
3
As 0 {x T} {x} 1 hence m 0
{x T} {x} T 1
2m 1
ii n 2m 1 {x T} {x}
3
As 0 {x T} {x} 2 hence m 1
{x T} {x} 1 T 1
Therefore period is 1.
Q.28 (B)
f ( x) sin(cos x) x tan(sin x) x (0 , ) .
If f (x) is defined in (0, a), then odd extension of f x f x in (a, 0).
So, odd extension of f ( x) sin(cos x) x tan(sin x) x (, 0) .
Q.29 (C)
(A) g ( x) g ( x) f ( x)
f ( x) g ( x) ( g ( x))
( g ( x) g ( x))
Therefore it’s an Odd function.
(B) Similar as (A) odd function.
x4 x2 1
(C) f ( x) log 2
x x 1
x4 x2 1
f ( x) log 2
x x 1
x2 x 1
log 4 f ( x)
x x 1
2
So it’s not an odd function
(D) xg ( x) g ( x) tan(sin x) f ( x)
f ( x) xg ( x) g ( x) tan(sin x)
( xg ( x) g ( x) tan(sin x))
0 f ( x)
It’s an odd function.
Q.30 (B)
f :[ 4, 4] { , 0, } R
x2
f ( x) cot(sin x) is an odd function
| a |
Then f ( x) f ( x)
x2 x2
cot(sin x) cot sin f
| a | | a |
x2
2 0
| a |
| a | x 2
| a | ( x 2 ) max
| a | 16
a ( , 16) (16, )
Q.31 (B)
f : (2, ) ( , 4)
f ( x) x 4 x
x2 4 x
f '( x) 2 x 4 0
x 2 , f (2) 4
Hence, function is bijective in (2 , ) ( , 4)
y x y x
x2 4 x y 0
4 46 4 y
x
2
x 2 4 y
Hence, f 1 ( x ) 2 4 x
Q.32 (C)
A {1 , 2,3, 4}
f :A A
f (2) 2, f (4) 4 , f (1) 1
If f (3) 3 , then f (2) 4 , f (4) 2, f (1) 1
If f (3) 2 , then f (2) 4 , f (4) 3, f (1) 1
If f (3) 4, then f (2) 3 , f (4) 2 , f (1) 1
Q.33 (A)
1
f : ( ,1) ,
2
f ( x) 2 x ( x 2)
g ( x) x( x 2) x 2 2 x
x ( ,1) g ( x) is one – one
and for, x ( , 1) , g ( x) (1, )
1
Hence, f ( x ) ,
2
Hence, f ( x ) is invertible.
y 2 x ( x 2)
x 2 2 x log y
x 2 2 x log y 0
2 4 4 log y
So, x
2
Hence, f 1 ( x) 1 1 log 2 x
Q.34 (C)
f :R R
f ( x) ax cos x is invertible function
So, f ( x ) should be injective
for a 0 , Range is R
So, f ( x ) to be one – one
f '( x) 0 a sin x 0
a sin a 1
or, f '( x) 0 a sin x 0
a sin x a 1
So, a ( , 1) (1, )
Q.35 (C)
f ( x) cot 1 log 1 ( x 4 2 x 2 3)
2
x 4 2 x 2 3 ( x 2 1) 2 2
Hence, ( x 2 1)2 2 2
g ( x) log 1 ( x 2 1) 2 1
2
Hence, g ( x) 1
So, cot 1 (1) cot 1 ( g ( x)) cot 1 ( )
3
f ( x)
4
Q.36 (C)
f ( x) sin ( x 3 [ x 3])
sin({x 3})
sin({x}
Hence, period of f (x) = 1.
Q.37 (B)
f ( x) x 2 bx c
if f (2 t ) f (2 t ) f ( x) is symmetric about x = 2
Hence, f ( x ) is minimum at x = 2
Hence, f (1) f (3) f (2)
f (0) f (4) f (1) f (3) f (2)
Hence, f (4) f (1) f (2)
Q.38 (A)
f ( x ay , x ay ) axy
Let, x ay u
x ay w
uw uw
So, x , y
2 2a
u w u w u w
2 2
Hence, f (u, w) a
2 2a 4
x2 y 2
So, f ( x, y )
4
Q.39 (D)
1
[ x ]{x} 1 {x}
[ x]
0 {x} 1 , hence , [ x ] 2
So, for [ x] ; 2
1 1
x [ x ]
[ x]
1
So, solution m m N {1}
m
Q.40 (A)
f ( x) 2 tan 3x 5 1 cos6 x
2 tan 3 x 5 sin 3 x 2
Period of tan 3x is and period of sin 3x is .
3 3
So, period of f (x) = .
3
Hence, g ( x) has a period
3
(A) (sec2 3x cos ec 2 3x) tan 2 3x
3 tan 4 3x has period
3
(B) 2cos3x 3cos3x 13 cos(3x )
2
period
3
(C) 2 1 cos 2 3x cos ec3x
3x
2 sin cos ec3 x
2
2
period
3
(D) g(x) = 3 cosec 3x + 2 tan 3x
2
Period of cosec 3x = and period of tan 3x = .
3 3
2
Hence period of g (x) = .
3
Exercise 1 (C)
Q.1 (B)
log 1 x 2 5x 7 0
2
0 < x2 – 5x + 7 < 1
x 2,3
Q.2 (B)
log3 x 2 6x 11 1
0 < x2 – 6x + 11 < 3
x 2, 4
Q.3 (D)
In this case base is variable. Thus we must take two separate cases:
(i) x 0,1 . In this case we have to ensure that 0 < x2 + x + 1 1
x 1,0 .
Common part of x 0,1
And x 1,0 is x 1, 0 .
(ii) x 1 . In this case we must have x2 + x + 1 1
x ,1 0, .
Common part of x 1 and x , 1 0, is , 1 is , 1 1,
Thus, the final solution is x , 1 1,0 1,
Q.4 (C)
Using wavy curve method and the fact that x = 0 and 3 are the repeated roots of
x (ex – 1) (x + 2) (x – 3)2 we get the sign scheme of the given expression as
Thus complete solution is x , 2 0,3 .
Q.5 (B)
x2
1
x 1
x 2 x 1 , x 1
Adjacent figure represents the graphs of y = x2 and y x 1
Solving x2 = 1 – x, we get
1 5
x
2
1 5 1 5
Thus solution is ,
2 2
Q.6 (D)
x 2 1 cos x x 2 1 cos x . It implies that x 2 1 cos 0 bacause x y x y if y 0 . Sign
scheme of (x2 – 1) cos x is
3
Thus solution is , 1 1, 2,
2 2 2
Q.7 (D)
[x]2 – 5[x] + 6 = 0
[x] = 2, 3
x 2, 4
Q.8 (D)
x
log 2 0
x
x
log 2 0
x
x
1
x
x x
0
x
x 0
x
It implies that ‘x’ is any positive real number greater than of equal to one or ‘x’ is nay non zero integer.
Q.9 (B)
2 [x] = x + {x}
2 [x] = [x] + 2{x}
x
x
2
0
x 1
2
0 x 2
[x] = 0, 1
For [x] = 0, we get [x] = 0
x = 0
1
For [x] = 1, we get x
2
3
x
2
Q.10 (B)
[x]2 = x + 2{x}
[x]2 = [x] + 3{x}
x x
2
x
3
x x
2
0
3
x x 1
2
0
3
0 x x 3
2
1 13 1 13
x , 0 1,
2 2
[x] = – 1, 0, 1, 2
2 2
x , 0, 0,
3 3
2 2
x , 0, 0,
3 3
1 8
x , 0,1,
3 3
Q.11 (C)
[x2] + x – a = 0
‘x’ i has to be an integer
a = x2 + x = x (x + 1)
Thus ‘a’ can be 2, 6, 12, 20.
Q.12 (D)
[x + [2x]] < 3
x 2x 2
Any non-positive real number will satisfy this inequality.
1
Now if x 0,
2
[x] = 0, [2x] = 1
inequality is still satisfied
3
For x 1, , x 1, 2x 2
2
inequality does not hold true.
Thus, x ,1 .
Q.13 (B)
6 3x , x 1
4x , 1 x 2
We get, f x
x , 2x3
3x 6 , x2
3 , x 1
1 , 1 x 2
f ' x
1 , 2x 3
3 , x 3
Thus f(x) decreasing for x < 2 and increasing for x > 2.
Hence, f (x) |min f (2) 2.
Q.14 (D)
[5 sin x] + [cos x] = – 6
[5 sin x] = – 5, [cos x] = – 1
5 5sin x 4, 1 cos x 0
4
1 sin x , 1 cos x 0
5
4 3
x sin 1 x
5 2
Now f x sin x 3 cos x 2sin x
3
4 3
we have, we have, sin 1 x
2 5 6 2 3
3
1 sin x
6 2
Q.15 (C)
y sin x cos x
y2 1 sin 2x
1 y2 2
y 1, 2
f x 1 x R
Q.16 (B)
Graph of y 2cos x and y sin x meet four times in 0, 2.
Thus, total number of solutions
4 + 4 + 4 + 2 = 14.
Q.17 (A)
For function to be one-one, each element of set A must have different image in st B. We first of all choose
any 'm' elements in st B. This can be done in nCm ways. Now one-one correspondence of elements of set A
with these selected elements can be done in m! ways. Thus total number of one-one functions will be equal
to nCm.m! i.e. nPm.
Q.18 (A)
2x + 3x + 4x – 5x = 0
2 x 3 x 4 x
1 0
5 5 5
x x x
2 3 4
Clearly g x 1
5 5 5
is a decreasing function and Also g (0) = 1.
Thus, f (x) = 0 has exactly one root.
Q.19 (D)
There are exactly six solutions.
Q.20 (B)
Q.21 (C)
1 1
64 , 0 x 8
1
Clearly, f x x 2 , x 1
8
x3 , x 1
22. (C)
Standard fact : Domain of (f + g)(x) = Domain of f(x) Domain of g(x)
23. (D)
If f(x) = f(y) implies only & only x = y, then f(x) is injective.
Hence f(f(f(x))) = f(f(f(y))) will imply only x = y when f(x) is injective.
24. (C)
If f(x) is even, then
f x f x ax b cos x cx d sin x ax b cos x cx d sin x
2ax cos x 2dsin x 0
a d 0.
25. (A)
4
3sin x 4 cos x 6 5sin x 6, where tan 1
3
1 1
Now y 5sin x 6
3sin x 4cos x 6 y
1 6y
sin x
5y
1 6y
1 1
5y
1
y ,1
11
26. (B)
f a1 b4 & f a 2 b1 f a1 can be chosen in 3 ways
Now f a 3 & f a 4 can be chosen in 3 2 ways
Hence total number of injective functions = 3 3 2 18 .
27. (C)
Domain of f(x) is [1, 2]
Now 2 x 1 x y 2 2 x x 2 y2 3
y2 3 & 2x 1 6y y2
2
As x lies in [1, 2], hence range of 2x 1 is [0, 9]
2
Hence 0 6y2 y4 9 or y4 6y 2 9 0 & y 4 6y 2 0
y 6
y 3, 6 .
28. (D)
f(x) = log(2 + cos 3x)
(A) Domain : , as 2 + cos 3x is always greater than 0.
(B) Range : log 2 cos3x y cos3x e y 2
Hence 1 e y 2 1
0 y ln 3 .
(C) f x log 2 cos3x f x , hence f(x) is even.
(D) As cos 3x is periodic hence f(x) is periodic.
29. (C)
Let ax + b = y .
Interchanging x & y gives ay + b = x
xb
y
a
x b 1 b
Now ax b a & b
a a a a
or a 1, b 0 & a 1, b R .
30. (D)
1 x
Given f x log10
1 x
1 x 1 x
(I) f x log10 f x log10 f x
1 x 1 x
f(x) is odd, hence graph is not symmetric about y – axis.
(II) Domain of f(x) is (1, 1).
1 x 1 x
Now 2 log10 2 log10 .
1 x 1 x
Hence graph can’t lie in IV quadrant.
(III) As f(x) is odd hence graph is symmetric about the origin.
(IV) Clearly f(0) = 0 hence graph passes through the origin and lies in I & III
quadrant.
31. (B)
2x 2y 1 y log 2 1 2x
Hence for domain, 1 2 x 0
2x 1 or x ,0 .
32. (D)
f is even hence f(x) = f(x)
g is odd hence g(x) = g(x)
Now f(x) + g(x) = ex f x g x e x or f x g x e x
Hence f x g x f x g x ex e x
f 2 x g2 x 1 .
33. (B)
3 4 3 & 4
Hence f(x) = cos 3x – sin 4x.
2
Period of cos 3x = & period of sin 4x = .
3 2
2
Therefore period of f(x) = LCM , = 2 .
3 2
34. (C)
Number of ONTO functions from domain containing n elements to a codomain
containing r elements is
r n r C1 r 1 r C2 r 2 ... 1 Cr 1 r 1
n n r 1 r n
Hence for the given data, number of ONTO functions is
36 3C1 26 3C2 16 540 .
35. (A)
Image of (5, k) in x = y is B(k, 5).
As B lies on y = f(x) hence k = 2.
Reflection of B(2, 5) in origin will be .
36. (D)
P x 2 1 P x 1 P x 0
2
P 0 1 P 1 2, P 2 5, P 1 2...etc
Clearly P x x 2 1 .
37. (A)
f x cos
2 x cos 3x
2 2
Period of cos 2x 2
& period of cos
3x
3
2 2
As LCM of & doesn’t exist hence f(x) is not periodic.
2 3
Also at x = 0 f(x) = 2 which is clearly the greatest value of f(x) as cosine has a
greatest value 1.
2 3 2 3
cos
2 x cos
3 x 0 2cos
2
x cos
2
x 0
2n 1 2n 1
x or x
2 3 2 3
Hence y = f(x) cuts the x – axis.
As f(x) = f(x) hence f(x) is even.
38. (D)
1 1
Let n x n , then x x 2004 2n 2004 or n 1002
2 2
1 1
If n x n 1, then x x 2004 2n 1 2004,
2 2
but n can ' t be non integral.
1
Hence 1002 x 1002 .
2
39. (B)
Refer the following graph :
Q.40 (D)
Only in D, the graph has a symmetry w.r.t. origin
Q.41 (C)
f x sin 3 2x cos3 2x
1
f x sin 6 2x cos 6 2x sin 3 4x
4
3 1
f x 1 sin 2 4x sin 3 4x
4 4
Now periods of both sin 2 4x & sin3 4x are hence the period of f x sin3 2x cos3 2x is .
4 4
Q.42 (C)
We have for cos1 1 x 0
1 1 x 1
2 x 0
0 x 2 ......(1)
also, 10 3x 2 9x 1 1 0
10 3x 9 x 9 0
10 3x 32x 9 0
32x 10 3x 9 0
(3x – 1) (3x – 9) < 0
1 < 3x < 9
0 < x < 2 ……. (2)
from (1) and (2)
0 < x < 2
Q.43 (A)
Note that f is bijective hence f – 1 exist
when y = 4
2x3 + 7x – 9 = 0
2x2 (x – 1) + 2x (x – 1) + 9 (x – 1) = 0
(x – 1) (2x2 + 2x + 9) = 0
x = 1 only A; as 2x2 + 2x + 9 = 0 has no other roots
Q.44 (A)
4 4 4
f x ; f sin x and f cos x ;
1 x2 cos x sin x
hence g x sin x cos x
Q.45 (C)
when p then D r cos x sin x cannot be the period]
2 2
Q.46 (B)
AP = x; MN = y ; BD 2 2
2 2x
Hence,
y
2 2
2
's CNM and CDB are similar y 2 2 2 x
f x
xy
2
x 2 2 x 2 x 2
2
f x max 2 when x 2
f x max 0 when x 2 2
Q.47 (A)
1 1 x
(A) ; f x x 0, x 1for both
g x ln x ln x
x
1 1 ln x 1
(B) ;g x is not defined at x = 1 but g (1) = 0
f x x x f x
1nx
x ln x
(C) f x g x 1 if x > 0, x 1 N.I.
ln x x
1 1
(D) 1 only for x > 0 and x 1 ]
f xg x x ln x
ln x x
Q.48 (A)
An equation of this kind is called a functional equation, and can often be solved by choosing particular
f 1
values for the variables. In this case, by choosing x = 1, we see that f y for all y. put y = 30; f (1) =
y
f 1 600
30 f(30) = 30 20 = 600. Now f 40 15
40 40
Q.49 (C)
f (x) = sin2x + (1 – sin2x)2 + 2
3 – sin2x + sin4 x
3 – sin2x cos2x
sin 2 2x
3
4
T1 , and T2
2 2
Q.50 (D)
D2 means range of the function
let y 1 2x x
(y – x)2 = 1 – 2x
y2 – 2xy + x2 = 1 – 2x
x2 + 2x (1 – y) + y2 – 1 = 0
as, x R, D 0
4 1 y 4 y 2 1
2
1 y2 2y y 2 1
2y 2
y 1
y ,1
1
Alternatively: f ' x 1 ; f 'x 0
1 2x
1 – 2x = 1
x = 0
f
Q.51 (A)
h x ln f x g x ln e y y y e sgn x
y y x
ex if x 0
h x e sgn x 0 if x 0
x
e x if x 0
e x
if x 0
h x 0 if x 0
e x
if x 0
h (x) + h (– x) = 0 for all x
Q.52 (D)
(A) f x x 4 2x 3 x 2 1 A polynomial of degree even will always be into
say, f x a 0 x 2n a1x 2n 1 a 2 x 2n 2 ...... a 2n
a a a if a 0 0
Limit f x Limit x 2n a 0 1 22 .... 2n
x x
x x x 2n if a 0 0
Hence it will never approach
3
(B) f (x) = x + x + 1
f'’ (x) = 3x2 + 1 injective as well as surjective
(C) f x 1 x2
neither injective nor surjective (minimum value = 1)
f (x) = x3 + 2x2 – x + 1
f’ (x) = 3x2 + 4x – 1
D > 0
Hence f (x) is surjective but not injective.
Q.53 (D)
Let f (x1) = n and f (x2) = m, x1, x2 a, b with n > m (say). According to the intermediate value theorem,
1 1
between x1 and x2 there must be some value x for which f x m which is impossible since m is not
2 2
an integer.
Q.54 (D)
3 3 3 3 1
g 1, max 1, min 1, 1
2 2 2 2 2
9
and g 4, 1.75 max 4, 1.75 min 4, 1.75 1.75 4 2.25
4
1 9 1
min ,
1 9 1 9 2 4 9 2 3
then f , max ,
2 4 2 4 4 2
Q.55 (A)
x 2 x 2 x 5
2
ex ln x 5
f x
2x 3 x 4
3 3
Note that at x & x 4 function is not defined and in open interval , 4 function is continuous.
2 2
Lim
ve ve ve
x
3
2
ve ve
Lim
ve ve ve
x 4 ve ve
3
In the open interval , 4 the function is continuous & takes up all real values from ,
2
Hence range of the function is , or R
Q.56 (D)
f 2 (x) f (x) 6 0
f x 3 f x 2 0
f x 3 or f x 2
given x 0, x 0,
f x 3 x ,0
f(x) > – 2 x ,5
f x 2 x 5,
Q.57 (C)
f(x) = f– 1(x)
f(x) = x
(x + 1)2 – 1 = x
x2 + x = 0
x = 0 or – 1
Q.58 (D)
x if x is rational
x f (x)
0 if x is irrational
g (x) = sin x near. x though rational then x f (x) but g(x) 0 x f (x) > g (x)
g (x) = x is negative for negative irrational x while x f (x) is 0 ; x f (x) > g (x)
2
g (x) = x is smaller than x for 0 < x <1 and rational; so x f(x) > g (x)
g (x) = Ix I equals x f (x) for x positive and rational, is larger than x f (x) for x irrational.
Q.59 (D)
h(x) x 1 C2x 8 2x 8 Cx 1; x 1 2x 8
x 9; 2x 8 x 1 x 9
Hence x = 9
Domain of h (x) = {9}
Range of h (x) = 1
Q.60 (C)
xb
If f (x) = mx + b, then f 1 x and their point of intersection
m
b
Can be found by setting x = mx + b since they intersect on y = x. Thus x and the point of
1 m
b b
intersection is , .
1 m 1 m
Region R can be broken up into congruent triangles PAB and PCB which both have a base of b and a
b
height of .
1 m
2b b b2 9 16
The area of R is 49. For m , b 2 49
2 1 m 1 m 25 25
28
b
5
Q.61 (A)
9 x2 0
3 x 3
Also 9 2x 5 0
– 9 < 2x + 5 < 9
– 7 < x < 1
Hence domain of f (x) is 3, 2
2
% 40%
5
Q.62 (D)
3
I f(x) = x and g(x) =1 – x or f(x) = x and g(x) = –x
II f (x) = x and g (x) = x3
III f (x) = sin x which is odd but not one-one
Q.63 (D)
x xe 1 e
f x f x
x 1 e 1 x
f x
1 x
f x ln
1 x
Q.64 (D)
Replacing x by x; f cos x cos17 x
2 2 2
f (sin x) = sin 17x = g (sin x)
hence f = g
Q.65 (A)
y = 2 loga x
y
log a x
2
y
x a2
bc
f 1 b c a 2
f 1 b f 1 c
Q.66 (D)
2
p ,
a
Hence a 2
(A) = 4
4a 5
Q.67 (C)
2f (x) f (1 x) x 2 .........(1)
f (x) 2f (1 x) (1 x) 2 .........(2)
4f (x) 2f (1 x) 2x 2 ..........(3)
x 1 x
3f (x) 2x 2 1 x
2
multiply(1) by (2)
(3) (2)
3f 4 32 9 23
23
f 4
3
Q.68 (B)
a x a x
f x & f x y f x y k f x f y
2
a x y a x y a x y a yx a x a x a y a y
k
2 2 2 2
1 a x
a
y
1 a x
ay
2 a xa y x y y x k a xa y x y y x
a a a a a a a a
k 2.
Q.69 (A)
A one to one function and its inverse are symmetric across the line y = x. Thus x and y intercept are
interchanged and the sum is the same i.e. 5.
Q.70 (C)
x x 3 0
x 0 or x 3
and 1 x 2 3x 1 1
x x 3 0 and 22 + 3x + 23 which is always true.
Hence 3 x 0
Hence x = 0 or – 3
x = {0, – 3}
FUNCTIONS
EXERCISE – 2(A)
Q.1 (A, B, C, D)
(A) f ( x) log x1 (2 [ x ] [ x ]2 ) 2 [ x ] [ x ]2 0
[ x ] ( 2,1) So, [ x ] 1, 0 x ( 1,1)
but, x 1 0, x 1 0 x > 1
So f (x) has empty domain.
(B) g ( x) cos 1 (2 { x })
Now 0 { x } 1 1 2 {x} 2
but, cos 1 x is defined in [ 1 , 1]
So g (x) has empty domain.
(C) h( x) ln ln(cos x)
Now ln(cos x) 0 cos x 1
So h (x) has empty domain.
1
(D) f ( x) 1
sec (sgn (e x ))
Now e x 0 for x R
Sgn (e x ) 1 for x R and thus sec1 (sgn (e x )) 0 for x R .
So h (x) has empty domain.
Q.2 (A, B, D)
A transcendental function is one that cannot be expressed in terms of an algebraic polynomial.
e.g. trigonometric function, exponential, logarithmic function.
So, (A) , (B) , (D) are transcendental function.
But, f ( x) x2 2 x 1 ( x 1)2
x 1
x 1 ; x 1
x 1 ; x 1
Q.3 (A, B, C)
sin x cos x
(A) y
1 tan x 2
1 cot 2 x
sin x cos x
sec x cos ecx
sin x cos x cos x sin x
0 x (4n 1) , (2n 1) (4n 3) , (2 n 2)
2 2
sin 2 x x 2n , (4n 1)
2
sin 2 x x (2n 1) , (4n 3)
2
sin x cos x
Hence graph of y is dissimilar from y sin 2 x
1 tan x2
1 cot 2 x
x
(B) y tan x cot x 1 x ( , ) , x
2
y sin x cos ecx 1 x ( , ) x , x
Functions are not identical as domains are not same, hence graphs are dissimilar.
| sec x | | cos ec x | 1 1 n
(C) y y or y | cos x | | sin x |, x
| sec x || cos ec x | | sec x | | cos ecx | 2
y cos x sin x x ( , )
Functions are not identical as domains are not same, hence graphs are dissimilar.
Q.4 (A, B, D)
(A) x 1 T x 1 x T x
x T 1 x T x T & x 1 x x T is not fixed.
Function is non periodic.
x T 2 x 2 x T 2 x 2
sin x T sin x 2cos sin 0.
2 2
(B)
2 2
x T x2 2n 1 x T x2
2 2
or 0
2 2 2
As value of T is not constant but dependent of x hence sin x 2 is non periodic.
(C) sin 2 x T sin 2 x x T n x T n
Periodic with period ' '
y sin 1 x not periodic as D [ 1,1] & Range ,
2 2
Q.5 (A, C, D)
(A) f ( x) x 1 , x 1 is one – one as linear function are one – one
1
(B) f ( x) x ( x 0) has minima at x 1
x
( g '( x) 0 x 2 1 0 x 1)
So, not one – one in (0 , )
(C) h( x) x 2 4 x 5 , x 0
h '( x) 0 at x 2
So, one – one in x (0, )
(D) f ( x) e x
f '( x) 0 for all x R
So, one – one in x[0 , ]
Q.6 (B, C)
A homogenous function is such that if substitution y vx is made it should come out to be
x f (v).
v
(A) x sin y y sin x v sin vx sin x
x
v
v sin x sin v not homogeneous.
x
y x 1
(B) xe ye xe vx e
x y v v
v 1
x e ve v homogeneous.
(C) x 2 xy x 2 vx 2 x 2 (1 v) homogeneous.
(D) sin 1 ( xy) sin 1 (vx 2 ) not homogeneous.
Q.7 (B, C)
1 1
Given f ( x) f f ( x) f
x x
Hence, f ( x ) is a polynomial of degree n.
1 1
f ( x) f f ( x) f 1 1
x x
1
f ( x) 1 f 1 1
x
1
f ( x) 1
1
f 1
x
1 P( x)
f n
x x
xn xn
f ( x) 1 1 ………..(I)
P( x) x n k
Hence, P( x) x n k (constant) for f ( x ) to be polynomial
P( x) k x n
1 k
f 1 n f ( x) 1 k n …….(II)
x x
From (I) , (II)
k 1
f (2) 9 2n 1 9 n 3
Hence, f ( x) x3 1
f (4) 65 , f (6) 216 3 f (6) 2 f (4)
f (1) 2 , f (3) 28 14 f (1) f (3)
f (3) 28 , f (5) 126 9 f (3) 2 f (5)
f (10) 1001, f (11) 1332 f (10) f (11)
Q.8 (B, D)
f ( x) x 2 is may – one in [ 1,1]
So, can’t be inverted
g ( x) x3 is bijective in [ 1,1]
So, inverse is possible.
h( x) sin 2 x is may – one in [ 1,1]
So, not invertible.
x
k ( x) sin is one – one in [ 1,1]
2
So, invertible.
Q.9 (B, C)
1
f ( x) has the range (, ) {0}
1 x
1
f ( x) has the range (0 ,1)
1 x2
1
f ( x) has the range (0 ,1)
1 x
1
f ( x) has the range (0 , )
3 x
Q.10 (A, B, C)
2x
(A) f ( x) cos(2 tan 1 x) cos tan 1
1 x2
1 1 x 2 1 x 2
cos cos 2
: Domain – R & Range [ 1,1]
1 x 1 x
2
1 x2
g ( x) : Domain – R, Range [ 1,1]
1 x2
2x
(B) f ( x) : Domain – R, Range [ 1,1]
1 x2
2x
g ( x) sin(2 cot 1 x) : Domain – R, Range [ 1,1]
1 x2
(C) g x e
ln sgn cot 1 x
cot 1 x must be positive hence domain 0, .
Now cot 1 x 0 sgn cot 1 x 1 e
ln sgn cot 1 x
1.
Range : {1}
g ( x) eln[1{ x}] x R
[{x}] 1 1 x R
1
(D) f ( x) (a) , a 0
x
f ( x) x a , a 0
For x being even, there exist 2 value of g ( x) x a , a 0
Q.11 (A, B)
f : R R, f ( x) x sgn x , x 0
( x) ( 1); x 0
0; x0
= (x)(1); x > 0.
f ( x) x , x R .
3
g : R R, f ( x) x is monotonic.
5
h : R R, h( x) x 4 3x 2 1 is many – one
3x 2 7 x 6
k : R R, k ( x )
x x2 2
Denominator is always Negative so, Domain – R
Numerator has D 0, k ( x) 0 at 2 points thus k (x) is many – one.
Q.12 (A, B)
y b 1 x
f ( x) ax b y x f ( x) b .
a a
x 1
Now ax b b a & b b
a a
Hence a, b 1,0 or 1,0 .
Q.13 (B, C)
x x4 1 x
(A) x 4 2 x 2 sin 2 1 0 2
sin 2
2 2x 2
1 2 1 2 x
x 2 sin
2 x 2
1 1 x
Let, f ( x) x 2 2 , g ( x) sin 2
2 x 2
Has 2 solutions.
(B) x 2 2 x 5 x 0 x 2 2 x 5 x
f ( x) x 2 2 x 5 ( x 1)2 4 0 x R
g ( x) ( x ) 0 x R
Hence, no solution
(C) log 3 (cot 1 x sgn(e x )) 2
2
As e x 0 thus sgn e x 1.
9
cot 1 x 1
4
cot 1 x(0, ) hence, cot 1 x 1 (1 , 1)
Hence, no solution.
(D) tan x 2 tan x
6
1 3 tan x
2 tan x .
3 tan x
2 tan 2 x 3 tan x 2 3 0 .
Hence infinitely many solutions.
Q.14 (A, B, C)
g ( x) & g 1 ( x) is symmetric about line y x
Hence the point P & Q may lie on the line y x but not necessarily.
15 x3
(Ex. g x & g 1 x 15 7 x intersect in (1, 2) & (2, 1) which do not lie on y = x)
1/3
Also there can be more than 1 points of intersection so P & Q need not coincide.
Slope of line joining points of intersections of y = g(x) & y = g1(x) may be 1 or 1 as either
these points will lie on y = x or will be image of each other in y = x.
Q.15 (A, B, C, D)
1
f (2 x) 1 f f (16 x 2 y ) f (2) f (4 xy ) x, y R {0}
2x
f (4) 255 , f (0) 1
1 1 1
Put y to get f (2 x) 1 f f (2 x) f ( 2) f
2x 2x
2
8x
f ( x ) is even function f (2) f (2)
Replacing 2x by t
1 1
f (t ) 1 f f 0
t t
1 1
f (t ) f (t ) f f 0
t t
1 1
f (t ) f f (t ) f 1 1
t t
1
f (t ) 1
1
f 1
t
1 P (t )
Now, f (t ) is a polynomial, So, f n
t t
tn
f (t ) 1
P(t ) t n
For, f (t ) to be polynomial
P(t ) t n k P(t ) k t n
1 k
f n 1
t t
f (t ) 1 k t n
1
Hence, k k 1
k
So, f ( x) x n 1
Given f (4) 255 x n 1 255 n 4
So, f ( x) 1 x 4
(A) f (3) 80
1 (1 x )( x 1) ( x 1)
4 4 4 2
(B) f ( x) f 0
x x4 x4
(C) f ( x) k 2
For 4 different solutions. k 2 (0,1)
k (2 , 3)
(D) g ( x) 9 2 3 f x
f ( x) 1 x 4
1 1 x
4
2
f x x
g ( x) 9 2 3 1 x 2
9 2 4 x2
Hence, g ( x) [5,9]
So, p 2 4q 25 36 61
Q.16 (A, C, D)
x2 y2
f ( x) x
x 1 y 1
x f ( y)
Range of f ( x ) R – {1}
Domain of f ( x ) R – {1}
Q.17 (B, C)
f : N N , f ( x) x (1) x 1
For, x set of even number , f ( x) x 1, x 2m .
For, x set of odd number , f ( x) x 1, x 2m 1 .
x 1, x 2m y 2m 1, odd
Now y
x 1, x 2m 1 y 2m 2, even
y 1, y 2m 1
x
y 1, y 2m 2
x 1, x 2m 1
f 1 ( x)
x 1, x 2m
Hence f 1 ( x) x (1) x ; x N
Q.18 (A, B, C)
f ( x) cos[ 2 ]x cos[ ]x
cos9x cos 4x
1
f 1, f 0, f 1 & f 1 .
2 2 4 2
Q.19 (A, B, D)
f ( x) sin x tan x sgn( x 2 6 x 10)
x 2 6 x 10 0 for all x R as D 0 , hence, sgn( x 2 6 x 10) 1
f ( x) sin x tan x 1
Hence f (x) is periodic with fundamental period 2 .
Also 4 &8 can be the periods.
Q.20 (A, C)
sin x cos x 3 2
f ( x) log 2
2
Now 2 sin x cos x 2
2 2 sin x cos x 3 2 4 2
2 2 2
sin x cos x 3 2
log 2 2 log 2 log 2 4
2
Hence, f ( x) [1 , 2 ]
Domain R & Range [1 , 2]
PASSAGE – 1
Q.21 (B)
1
1
f ( x) 1 e x
1
1
f ( x) 0 1 e x
0
1
1
ex 0
1
1 0
x
x 1
0
x
x 0 or x 1. .
Q.22 (A)
1 1
1 1 1 1
f x1 f x2 1 e x1
1 e x2
or .
x1 x2
Hence f (x) is one – one.
1
1 1
1 ex y x
1 ln 1 y
now for x to be real 1 y 0 & ln 1 y 1
1
Hence y 1 & y 1
e
1
Range of f x : ,1 1
e
Hence f x is INTO.
Q.23 (B)
1
Range ( ,1) 1
e
PASSAGE – 2
Q.24 (B)
x, x 0
] x[
x, x 0
For, x 1, ]x 1[ 2 x 3 1 x 2x 3
2
or x (not possible)
3
For, x 1, ]x 1[ 2 x 3 x 1 2x 3
or x 4 .
Q.25 (A)
x 2 kx 5 0
For, 4
21
16 4k 5 0 k
4
Q.26 (D)
x 2 kx 5 0
Product of the roots = 5
5
one root 4 , hence other root
4
PASSAGE – 3
(i) x 2 6 x 5 x 4
Domain : x 2 6 x 5 0 x ( ,1] [ 5 , )
11
For x 5, x 2 6 x 5 x 4 ( x 2 6 x 5) ( x 4) 2 x
2
For x 1 , always true as LHS > 0 & RHS < 0.
11
Hence solution set is , 1 ,
2
x2 6 x 7
1
(ii) 1 x2 6 x 7 0
3
( x 7) ( x 1) 0
x (1, 7)
Q.27 (A)
11
[ p q] 1 6
2
Q.28 (B)
11
Common solution is ( 1, 1] [ , 7)
2
So, integral values are 0 , 1 , 6
Q.29 (D)
3( p 2q a b) 3(1 11 (1) 7)
54
2 33
No of factor 2 4 8
[ x] 8 x [8 , 9)
PASSAGE – 4
Q.30 (B)
y x2 2x 8
f ( x) x 2 2 x 8
Q.31 (C)
Has the graph same in II & III quad as in I & IV quad.
Q.32 (A)
MATRIX MATCH TYPE
Q.33
(A) for x 0,
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q.34
(A) f : R R , f ( x) esgn x e x
2
1
ex ; x 0
2
f (x) =2 ; x 0
= e ex ; x 0
2
1
(B) f : (1,1) R , f ( x) x [ x 4 ]
1 x2
1
0
1 x2
f ( x) f ( x)
even function So, may – one.
(Q , T )
x( x 1)( x 4 1) 2 x 4 x 2 2
(C) f : R R , f ( x)
x2 x 1
( x 4 1)( x( x 1) 2) x 2
x2 x 1
( x 4 1)( x 2 x 1) x 4 x 2 1
x2 x 1
x4 1 x2 x 1
x4 x2 x 2
f ( x) x 4 x 2 x 2
So, neither odd nor even.
f '( x) is a degree equation so at least 1 root.
Hence, not monotonic.
So, (R ,T)
(D) f : R R , f ( x) x 3x3 5 x5 .............101101
f '( x) 1 9 x 2 25 x 4 .............1012 100 0 for x R
Hence, one – one and odd functions.
f ( x) f ( x)
Q.35
(A) f :[ 1 , ) (0, )
x
f '( x) e x ; x [1,0]
2
x
ex ; x 0
2
1
f '( x) 0 at x for x 0
2
1
f '( x) 0 at x for x 0
2
(B) f : (1, ) [3 , )
f ( x) 10 2 x x 2
( x 1)2 9
For, x 1 , f ( x) 3
Hence, f ( x ) is never equal to 3 in (1, )
So, into, one – one, non – periodic.
(P , Q)
(C) f : R
f ( x) tan 5 [ x 2 2 x 3]
tan 5 [( x 1) 2 2]
For, x R , [( x 1) 2 2] is a multiple of
So, f ( x) 0 x R
Hence, periodic, many – one into
(Q, R , T)
(D)
f :[3, 4] [4, 6]
So, one – one, onto.
FUNCTIONS
EXERCISE - 2(B)
Q.1 [03]
2x 2 3 2
sin cos 4 x tan 3x sgn( x 2 4 x 15) has period as LCM of , ,
3 2 4 3
sgn( x 2 4 x 15) 1 as x 2 4 x 15 0 for all x, so period can be any real number.
2
LCM of 3 , , is 3 .
2 3
So, k = 3.
Q.2 [05]
x
[ x] {x} 3 [ x] {x} [ x] {x}
3
[ x]
{x}
2
[ x]
0 {x} 1 0 1
2
1
[ x] 0,1 & {x} 0,
2
3
So, x {x} [ x] gives x 0,
2
3
So, sum of values of x, 0
2
10 10 3
Hence, value of 5
3 3 2
Q.3 [02]
f ( x) f ( y ) f ( xy ) 2 f ( x) f ( y )
at x = 1 , y = 1, 3 f (1) 2 f (1)2
f (1)2 3 f (1) 2 0
f (1) 2 or f (1) 1 .
Now at y = 1, f ( x) f (1) f ( x) 2 f ( x) f (1)
f ( x)(2 f (1)) 2 f (1)
2 f (1)
f ( x)
2 f (1)
Hence if f (1) = 1, then f (x) = 1.
1 1
If f (x) = 2, then substitute, y = 1/x to get f ( x) f f (1) 2 f ( x) f
x x
1 1
f ( x) f f ( x) f
x x
1
f ( x) 1
1
f 1
x
Solution of such polynomial is, f ( x) 1 x n but, f (1) 2 f ( x) 1 x 4
but f (4) 17 1 4n 17 n 2
52 1 26
f (5) 2.
13 13
Q.4 [01]
2
x x 1 a
2
a 2
3 0 3 0
1 x 1 x 1 x 1
2
x
x
x
2
1 1
3 x a x 1 0 .
x x
1
Let x t , then 3t 2 at 1 0 .
x
1
Now range of x is , 2 2,
x
Every root of f t 3t 2 at 1 0 which lies in , 2 2, gives two values of x and
t = 2 or 2 gives one value of x.
Hence exactly two distinct roots are possible when exactly one root lies in (-2, 2) and other root
is not equal to -2 or 2.
Thus f 2 f 2 0 & f 2 0
13 2a 13 2a 0
13 13
a or a
2 2
13
Hence 1.
2 13
Q.5 [03]
Refer the adjoining graph of
y cos x & y sin 3 x
Number of points intersection in
, ,
2 2
k=3
Q.6 [05]
f ( x) 8 x x 2 14 x x 2 48
(8 x) x (8 x)( x 6)
Domain : 6 x 8
Now f x 8 x x x6
x x6 1 1
f ' x 8 x
2 8 x 2 x 2 x6
x 6 x 8 x
f ' x x6
x
2 8 x x 6 x
Now x6 x & x 6 x x 8 f ' x 0 for 6 x 8
Hence f MAX f 6 12 & f MIN f 8 0 .
Thus m n 2 3 .
Q.7 [02]
x 0 x 1
Given f ( x) 2 x 1 x 2
f ( x 2) for all x
f (x) = 0.6 : x 0.6 x (0.6)2 0.36 , so sum 4 6 2 0.36 10.72
& 2 x 0.6 x 0.4 , so sum 3 0.4 5 0.4 8.8
A 10.72 8.8 19.52
Now g ( x) 4 f (3 x) 1 x R
1
4 3 x 1 x 0, 3
1 2
g x 3 4x x ,
3 3
f (3x 2) x all
2 2
Fundamental Period B .
3 3
g ( x) 4 f (3 x) 1 g '( x) 12 f '(2 x) 0
13 39
or g ' 12 x f '
2 2
g;(6.5) = – 12
So, C 12
[ A] B C 2 12
Hence, 17 2
76 3 76
Q.8 [05]
x 4 4 x3 6 x 2 4 x 2008 ( x 1) 4 2009
1 1 1 1
( x 1) (2009) 4 , (2009) 4 , (2009) 4 i , (2009) 4 i
1
So, non-real roots 1 (2009) 4 i
1
1
product of non-real roots, P 1 (2009) 4 i 1 (2009) 4
i
1
P 1 (2009) 2
1
So, [ P ] 1 (2009) 2 45 .
Q.9 [03]
2x 3
Given f 5x 2 , x 2
x2
2x 3
let , t
x2
2t 3
2 x 3 tx 2t or x
t2
2t 3
f (t ) 5 2
t 2
8t 17
f (t )
t 2
8 x 11
So, f ( x)
x2
8 x 11
Now let y
x2
2 y 11
x
y 8
2 x 11
So, f 1 ( x)
x 8
26 11 15
f 1' (13) 3
5 5
Q.10 [04]
P( x) has odd degree terms only so P ( x) P( x)
P( x) divided by ( x 3) gives remainder 6 hence P(3) 6
P( x) divided by ( x 3) will give remainder P( 3) P(3) 6
Now let P( x) x 2 9 Q x Ax B , where g(x) = Ax + B
So, P(3) 6 3A B 6
& P( 3) 6 3 A B 6
Solving simultaneously gives A = 2, B = 0.
g(2) = 4.
Q.11 [04]
2
f : R 0, , f ( x) cot 1 ( x 2 4 x )
3
2
For f (x) to be an ONTO function, 0 cot 1 ( x 2 4 x ) for all real x.
3
2
or x 2 4 x cot .
3
1
x2 4x .
3
1
x2 4x 0 for all real x.
3
1
So, D 0 16 4 0.
3
4
4 .
3
So, smallest integral value of is 4.
Q.12 [04]
f ( x) sin 1 x tan 1 x x2 4 x 1 f x sin 1 x tan 1 x x 2 3
2
Now for x [ 1 , 1] , all of sin 1 x, tan 1 x & x 2 are increasing functions.
2
Hence p = f (-1) & q = f (1)
Therefore p + q = 4.
Q.13 [00]
log sin x 2 tan x 0
(tan x) logsin x 2 0
tan x
0
log 2 sin x
tan x > 0 & log 2 (sin x) 0 in 0 , hence no solution.
2
{ log a b is negative if a > 0 & 0 < a < 1}
Q.14 [07]
12{sin x} x 0
x
{sin x}
12
Refer the adjoining graph.
Q.15 [04]
[ x ] 2{ x} 3 x [ x] 2{ x} 3[ x] 3{ x }
Case I : For, x , { x} {x} 0
[ x] 3[ x]
[ x] 0
x0
Case II : For x , [ x] 2(1 {x}) 3[ x] 3{x}
2 2[ x]
{x}
5
2 2[ x]
Now 0 {x} 1 , hence 0 1
5
2 2[ x] 3
3
[ x ] 1
2
So, [ x] 1, [ x] 0, [ x] 1
2 4
{x} 0,{x} , {x}
5 5
2 1
So, x 1 , x , x
5 5
Q.16 [02]
( x) x 1 : x
Hence, [ x]2 ([ x] 1) 2 4
2[ x]2 2[ x] 3 0
1 7 1 7
So, [ x] ,
2 2
So, x[ 1,1)
Length of interval = 2
Q.17 [02]
1
1 7
g ( x) 4 cos 4 x 2 cos 2 x cos 4 x x 7
2
1
1 7
g ( x) 4 cos 4 x 4 cos 2 x 2 (2 cos 2 2 x 1) 7
2
1
1 7
4 cos 4 x 4 cos 2 x 2 cos 2 2 x x 7
2
1
3 7
4 cos 4 x 4 cos 2 x (2 cos 2 x 1) 2 x 7
2
1
3 7
4 cos 4 x 4 cos 2 x 4 cos 4 x 4 cos 2 x 1 x 7
2
1
1 7
x7
2
1
1
7 2
1 1
So, g ( g ( x)) x
7
7
2 2
1
1 1 7
x7
2 2
x
g ( g (100)) 100
So, 2
50 50
Q.18 [01]
3x 2
f ( x) y 3x 2 xy 4 y
x4
4y 2
x
3 y
1
x
4x 2 2 .
So, f 1 ( x)
3 x 3
x
4 4
1 1 3
Hence b , c & d b c d 1 .
2 4 4
Q.19 [02]
ax8 bx 6 cx 4 dx 2 15 x 1
f ( x)
x
f ( x) f ( x)
Hence, f (5) f (5) ( 28) 28
(5) 28
So, f 2.
14 14
Q.20 [01]
9
sin 4 11
log 2 (3 x) log 1 cos log 1 ( x 7)
2 5 x 3 2
Domain : x 3 , x 7
1
1 2 1
Sol : log 2 (3 x) log 1 log 1 (5 x) 2 log 1 ( x 7)
2 2 2 2
log 2 (3 x) log 2 (5 x) log 2 ( x 7) 0
(3 x)(5 x)
1
x7
x 2 8 x 15 x 7
x2 9x 8 0
( x 1) ( x 8) 0
x 1 , x 8 but, x( 7 , 3) , hence only one integral value of x is possible.
FUNCTIONS
EXERCISE – 2(C)
Q.1
(i) f ( x) x 2 x 2
For the function to be defined, x 2 x 2 0
x 1 x 2 0
x 2 0 or x 2
Hence x ( , 2] [2 , )
1
(ii) f ( x) log 5 ( x3 x)
4 x 2
For f (x) to be defined, 4 x 2 0 & x3 x 0
x 2 & x( x 1) ( x 1) 0
Hence domain is x (1, 0) (1 , 2) (2, ) \
Q.2
x2 2 x 3
(i) f ( x)
x
x2 2 x 3
Let y
x
Then x 2 x(2 y ) 3 0
For x to be real D 0 (2 y)2 12 0
or y 2 4 y 8 0
Hence range is ( , 2 2 3 ] [2 2 3 , )
x2 2
(ii) f ( x)
x2 3
x2 2
Let y 2
x 3
(3 y 2)
Then x 2
y 1
(3 y 2)
Now 0
y 1
3y 2
or 0
y 1
2
Hence range is ,1 .
3
(iii) f ( x) 3cos x 4sin x 2
max. & min. value of 3cos x 4sin x is 5 & -5 respectively.
a 2 b 2 a sin x b cos x a 2 b 2
f ( x) ]max 5 2 7
f ( x)]min 5 2 3
(iv) f ( x) [ x 2 x 1] Graph of y = y x 2 x 1
f ( x) ]min 0
f ( x) ]max 3
Q.3
(I) (II) (III) (IV)
Case I Case I Case I Case I
x 0 sgn x 1 x 0 sgn x 1 x 0 sgn x 1 x 0 sgn x 1
& |x| = x & |x| = x. Hence & |x| = x. Hence
Hence x sgn (x) = |x| Hence |x| sgn (x) = x x (sgn (x))2 = x |x| (sgn (x))3 = x
Case II Case II Case II Case II
x 0 sgn x 0 x 0 sgn x 0 x 0 sgn x 0 x 0 sgn x 0
& | x | 0 & | x | 0 hence & | x | 0, hence
Hence x sgn (x) = |x| Hence |x| sgn (x) = 0 x (sgn (x))2 = 0 |x| (sgn (x))3 = 0
Case III Case III Case III Case III
x 0 sgn x 1 x 0 sgn x 1 x 0 sgn x 1 x 0 sgn x 1
& |x| = - x & |x| = - x Hence & |x| = - x, Hence
Hence x sgn (x) = |x| Hence | x| sgn (x) = x x (sgn (x))2 = x |x| (sgn (x))3 = x
CORRECT CORRECT CORRECT CORRECT
Q.4
1 x 1 x
(i) f ( x) log10 f ( x) log10
1 x 1 x
Now f ( x) f ( x) log1
f ( x) f ( x) 0 or f x f x
Hence f ( x ) is odd.
x (2 x 1) x (2 x 1)
(ii) f ( x) f ( x )
2x 1 2 x 1
x (1 2 x ) x (1 2 x )
f x or f x
1 2x 2x 1
f ( x) f ( x)
Hence f ( x ) is even.
(iii) f ( x) 1 x x 2 1 x x 2 f ( x) 1 x x 2 1 x x 2
f ( x) f ( x) 0 or f x f x
Hence f ( x ) is odd.
(iv) f ( x) (2 x 4 5 x 2 3) cos x
Product of two even function is even only.
Hence f ( x ) is even.
Q.5
x2
Let y
x3
or yx 3 y x 2
3y 2
x
1 y
Range : R – {1}
x1 2 x 2 2
Now f x1 f x 2
x1 3 x 2 3
x1x 2 3x1 2x 2 6 x1x 2 2x1 3x 2 6
x1 x 2 .
Hence f (x) is ONE – ONE & ONTO.
2 3 y 2 3x 3 x 2
Further x implies f 1 ( x) .
y 1 x 1 1 x
Q.6
Let y x(2 x)
x 2 2x y 0
or x 1 1 y
Now x ,1 x 1 1 y, y ,1
Hence f x is ONTO.
Further x1 2 x1 x 2 2 x 2 2 x1 x 2 x12 x 2 2
x1 x 2 or x1 x 2 2
But if x1 x 2 , then as x1 , x 2 1 & x1 x 2 2.
Hence f x is ONE ONE.
Now x 1 1 y gives
f 1 (x) 1 1 x , f 1 : ,1 ,1
Q.7
x 1
or f f x
1 1 1
f ( x) f ( f ( x))
1 x 1 f ( x) 1
1 x
1 x
1
1
f ( x) 1
f f f x f ( x)
or f f f x 1 x
1
x
1 x
f f f f x f x
It is repeating after every interval of 4.
(4501 2)
So, f 2006
( x) f ( x)
x 1
f 2 ( x)
x
2005 1 2004
f 2006 (2005) .
2005 2005
Q.8
3x sin x [sin x [sin x]] 3x 3sin x x n x n for n I
In R.H.S. there can be only integers {-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3}.
2 1 1 2
sin x 1, , , 0, , ,1
3 3 3 3
But none of these values except 0 can occur for 3x being an integer thus,
L.H.S. has to be 0 integer only.
1 2 4 5
Hence possible solutions are x , , 1 , ,
3 3 3 3
Q.9
Period of sin x cos x is , because in each quadrant values of |sin x| and |cos x|
2
complement each other.
2
Now period of sin px cos px is .
p
So p 4
Q.10
x2
f ( x) sin x cos x
k
x2
f ( x) sin x cos x
k
If f(x) is even, f ( x) f ( x)
x2
Hence sin x 0
k
x2
0
k
x2
Thus 0 1
k
As 5 x 5, hence 25 x 2 0 .
Hence k > 25.
Q.11
For f ( x) log log log log x to be defined log log log x 0
log log x 1
log x 10
x (1010 , )
Q.12
2 log10 x 2
f ( x) log100x g ( x) {x}
x
2 log10 x 2
log100 x
x
2 log10 x 2
100 x 0 & 100 x 1 as well 0
x
1 1
x 0, x & 2log10 x 2 0 i.e. x
100 10
1 1 1
Hence x 0 , ,
100 100 10
Q.13
(i) f : [3 , 27] A
(ii) f ( x) log10 (5x x2 6)
For f (x) to be defined 5 x x 2 6 0
or ( x 3)( x 2) 0
x (2,3)
2
1 1 1 1
(iii) f x x2 2 f x x 2
x x x x
1
Let x t , then f (t ) t 2 2
x
Hence f ( 5) 3 .
Q.14
f ( x ) 2 x = f ( x) 2 x
2 2
(i)
Hence, f (x) is even.
10 x 10 x
(ii) f ( x) x
10 10 x
10 x 10 x
f ( x)
10 x 10 x
f ( x) f ( x) 0
Hence, f(x) is odd.
( x 2 x 1)
(iii) f ( x) log 2
x x 1
x2 x 1
f ( x) log 2
x x 1
f ( x) f ( x) log1 0
Hence f(x) is odd.
(iv) f ( x) x sin x
f ( x) ( x) sin( x)
x sin x
Hence, f (x) is even.
Q.15
x2 x
f ( x)
x2 2 x
Domain : -
x2 2x 0
x 0, x 2
x R {0 , 2}
Range : -
x( x 1)
y x 0
x( x 2)
x 1 1
y y R , 1
x2 2
Q.16
f ( x) f ( x 4) f ( x 2) f ( x 6) ……………(1)
Put x k t
f (x t) f (z 4 t) t(x 2 t) f (x 6 t)
Put t 2
f ( x 2) f ( x 6) f ( x 4) f ( x 8)
f ( x) f ( x 4) f ( x 4) f ( x 8) …. From (1)
f ( x) f ( x 8)
Hence function is periodic.
Period is 8.
Q.17
1 1
P( x) P P( x) P
x x
P( x) 1 x n hence P( x) 1 x n
P (4) 65 n 3
Hence P(x) = 1 + x3.
Now 1 + x3 = 344 gives x = 7.
Q.18
9
x 1 x
9 9 9x 3
f ( x) f (1 x) x
39 x
3 91 x 3.9 9 9 3
x
9x
3 9x
f ( x) f (1 x) 1 , Hence,
3 9x
1 2 2002
S f f ...................... f
2003 2003 2003
2002 2001 1
S f f ...................... f
2003 2003 2003
___________________________________________
2S 2002
S 1001
Q.19
P x P y 2 P x P y P xy
x 1, y 2 P 1 P 2 2 P 1 2 P 2
P 2 5 P 1 2
Now differentiate w.r.to y treating x as an independent variable to get
Now P x P ' y P ' y xP ' xy
y 1 P x 1 P ' 1 xP ' x
dP x dx
P ' 1
P x 1 x
Integrate w.r.t. x to get
ln | P x 1| P ' 1 ln | x | C
P 1 2 C 0
P 2 5 ln 4 P ' 1 ln 2 i.e. P ' 1 2
ln | P x 1| 2 ln | x | P x x 2 1
Hence P(5) = 26.
Q.20
x 1, x 1
f ( x)
2 x 1, 1 x 2
x2 , 1 x 2
g ( x)
x 2, 2 x 3
g ( x) 1, g ( x) 1
f ( g ( x))
2 g ( x) 1, 1 g ( x) 2
g ( x), g ( x) 1
f ( g ( x))
2 g ( x) 1, 1 g ( x) 2
x 1,
2
1 x 1
2
2 x 1,
1 x 2
Q.21
f ( x) x 2 x 1
1 1 4x 3
g ( x)
2
Q.22
(a) Given f f x 1 f x f x
Let f a b, then f b 1 b b
b
or f b
1 b
3
Hence f 3 .
4
(b) Given f x f x 4 f x
x 1 f 1 f 1 4 f 1 or f 5 16
x 5 f 5 f 5 4 f 5 or f 21 64
Given f xy x f y .
2 2
(c)
x 25, y 2 f 50 25 f 2 or f 50 30 .
2 2
(d) Given f x y x f y
x 1, y 0 f 1 3
x 1, y 1 f 2 4
x 1, y 2 f 3 5
f 100 102
(e) Given f 3x x f 3x 3
x 2 f 6 3
x 3 f 9 4
f 3x x 1
f 300 101
Q.23
1
(a) f ( x) f x
x
1 1 1
Replace x by to get f f x
x x x
1
x
x
Hence x 1 .
(b) f x ax 2 bx
Domain and range can be same only if f (x) is self-inverse.
y= ax 2 bx
If a = 0, then y bx has domain as well as range 0, for all b > 0.
Now y ax 2 bx y 2 x ax b
b 0, if a 0
, a 0, if a 0
Domain : & Range : b2
b
0, if a 0 0, 4a if a 0
a
Clearly for a > 0 interval of x & interval of y can’t be same but for a < 0, the two
intervals can be same if
b b2 b2 b2
i.e. 2 a 4 .
a 4a a 4a
Q.24
(i)
(a) (b)
10 x 10 y 10 x y 2y
10 y 10 10 x If y 0
log10 y log(10 10 x ) x y 2y
y log(10 10 x ) yx
If y 0
x y 2y
x
y
3
(ii)
(a) (b)
f ( x) [0,1] f (2 x 3)
f (sin x) 0 2x 3 1
0 sin x 1 3 2x 2
x 0, 3
x 1
x 2n ,(2n 1) 2
n
(iii)
(a) (b)
1 h( x) f ( x 7)
g ( x) ( x)
3 4 x 7 7
Domain remains same [ 4 , 7] Domain is [11 , 14]
1 9 1 11 x 14
Range is , i.e. ,3
3 3 3 Range will not change i.e. [ 1, a]
Q.25
(a)
y ln x x 2 1
Domain : R, Range : R
Also x1 x12 1 x2 x2 2 1 x1 x2 , hence f (x) is invertible.
Now y ln x x 2 1 e y x x 2 1
e y x 2 1 x
e y e y
x
2
e x e x
Hence f 1 ( x) , f 1 : R R
2
x
(b) f ( x) 2 x 1
Domain : R – {1}.
x
Range of : R {1} , hence Range of f(x) : (0, ) – {2}.
x 1
x1 x
Further 2 x1 x2 x1 x1 x2 x2 or x1 x2
x1 1 x2 1
Hence f (x) is invertible.
x
Now let y 2 x 1
x
log 2 y
x 1
log 2 y
or x
log 2 y log 2 2
log 2 x
Hence f 1 ( x) , f 1 : R {2} R {1}
x
log 2
2
10 x 10 x
(c) y
10 x 10 x
Domain : R, Range : R – {1}
10 x1 10 x1 10 x2 10 x2
Further x1
x2 x2
10 x1 x2 10 x2 x1 10 x2 x1 10 x1 x2
10 10
x1
10 10
10x1 x2 10x2 x1 or x1 x2 .
Hence f (x) is invertible.
10 x 10 x 102 x 1
Now y y
10 x 10 x 102 x 1
y 1
or 102 x
1 y
y 1
or 2 x log10
1 y
1 x 1 1
f 1 ( x) log10 , f : R 1 R .
2 1 x
Q.26
1
Case I : x 0
2
1 1
x 2 x 2 can be a prime number only if one of the two factors is 1 & other is a prime.
1 1 3 5
Now x 1 1 x 2 i.e. x .
2 2 2 2
1 1
For this interval 2 x 3, so x 2 .
2 2
1 1 3 5
Hence x x 2 for x
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 3
Similarly x 1 1 x 2 i.e. x .
2 2 2 2
1 1
For this interval 0 x 1, so x 0 .
2 2
Not possible.
1
Case II : x 0
2
1 1
x 2 x 2 can be a prime number only if one of the two factors is -1 & other is negative of
a prime.
1 1 3 1
Now x 1 1 x 0 i.e. x .
2 2 2 2
1 1
For this interval 2 x 0, so x 2, 1 .
2 2
1 1 3 1
Hence x x 2 for x
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
Similarly x 1 1 x 0 i.e. x .
2 2 2 2
1 1
For this interval 0 x 1, so x 0 .
2 2
Not possible.
1 1 3 1 3 5
Hence x x 2 for 2 , 2 2 , 2
2 2
9 1 9 25
Now x12 x2 2 x32 x4 2 11 .
4
Q.27
Let P x x 1 x 4 Q x ax b , where r(x) = ax + b.
Now given that P(1) = 1 & P(4) = 10, hence
a + b = 1 & 4a + b = 10.
Thus a = 3 & b = -2.
Now r(x) = 3a – 2.
Hence r(2006) = 6016.
Q.28
1 1 2 x
(i) Given 2 f x x f 2 f 2 sin x 4cos x cos
x 4 2 x
x 1 2 f 1 f 1 2 f 2 sin 4 cos 2 cos
4 2
f 1 1
1 9
x 2 2 f 2 2 f 2 f 2 sin 4 cos 2 2 cos
2 4 2
1
2 f 2 2 f 4 2 f 1
2
1
f 2 f 1
2
1 1 1 3 2 1
(ii) x 2f f 2 2 f 2 sin 4 cos cos 2
2 2 2 4 4 2
1
4 f f 2 4 f 1 5
2
1
f 2 4 f 1 f 2 1
2
f 2 f 1 0 .
Q.29
4 x x x & x x x 3x 2 x
3
As 0 x 1, 0 x
2
Case I : 0 x 1
4 x x x 4 x x or x 0
3
Case II : 1 x
2
5
4 x x x 4 x 1 x 1 or x .
3
Q.30
As a, b, c are natural numbers hence x > 0.
3 4 3 4
Now 5 n & 5 n
x x x x
3 4
n n 1 & 5 n 6 n
x x
3 3 4 4
x & x
n 1 n 6n 5n
3 4
n 1 x 3 & x 1 no solution
2 5
3 4 4
n 2 1 x & 1 x 1 x
2 3 3
3 4
n 3 x 1 & x 2 no solution
4 3
4
Hence x 1, .
3
FUNCTIONS
EXERCISE – 3
Q.1
g x f x f x is an even function.
h x f x f x is an odd function.
1 1
Now g x h x 2 f x or f x g x h x .
2 2
Hence any function f (x) can be represented as sum of one even and one odd function.
Q.2
f x T f x | cos x T | | cos x |
cos 2 x T cos 2 x
x T n x
T n
Hence Fundamental period is .
Q.3
1 3
f : , , , f x x2 x 1
2 4
2
1 3
f x x .
2 4
1
So f (x) is one – one in ,
2
3
Also as range is , so f (x) is onto function.
4
Hence f (x) is bijective.
2
1 3 1 3
Now let y x , then x y .
2 4 2 4
1 3
f 1 x x .
2 4
Now for a quadratic function, f x f 1 x f x x .
x 2 x 1 x or x = 1.
Q.4
Number of ways to choose three f – images from {1, 2, …, 5} = 5
C3 .
These can be associated with elements of domain in just one way.
Hence total number of functions = 10.
Q.5
Q.6
f x f x 2 3 f x 1 ... 1
Replacing x by x – 1 gives f x 1 f x 1 3 f x ... 2
Replacing x by x + 1 gives f x 1 f x 3 3 f x 2 ... 3
Adding (1) & (2) gives f x 1 2 f x 1 f x 3 3 f x f x 2 ... 4
From (1), f x 1 f x 3 f x 1 5 .
Replacing x by x + 2 gives f x 1 f x 5 f x 3 ... 6
Adding (5) & (6) gives f x 5 f x 1
Replacing x by x + 6 gives f x 11 f x 5 f x 11 f x 1
Hence f (x) is periodic with period 12.
99
Now f (5 + 12r) = f (5) = 3 thus f 5 12r 100 f 5 300 .
r 0
Q.7
f x 5 f x T 5
f x T f x 2T
f x 3 f x T 3
f x 5 5
f x 2T
f x 3
f x 5 3
f x 3
5 2 f x
f x 2T
2 f x
5 2 f x 5 2 f x 2T
Further f x 2T f x 4T
2 f x 2 f x 2T
5 2 f x
5 2
2 f x
f x 4T f x .
5 2 f x
2
2 f x
Hence f (x) is periodic with period 4T.
Q.8
(i) for log 2
x 4 6 x to be defined x – 4 & 6 – x must be nonnegative.
Hence domain is 4 x 6 .
{Square root function is defined for nonnegative values, log is defined for positive values and
square root is a positive valued function}
2 3 x 2 3 x
(ii) For sin 1 to be defined 1 1
4 4
2
x 2 0 x 3 .
3
Hence domain is (0, 3),
2 x 3 x 1 to be defined 2x 3x 1 0 .
2 2
(iii) For
2 x 1 x 1 0 x
1
2
1
n x n , nI .
2
1
Hence domain is n, n , n I .
2
Q.9
x2
(i) Let y , then 2 yx 2 3 y 1 x 6 y 2 0 .
2 x 3x 6
2
For x to be real 3 y 1 8 y 6 y 2 0
2
39 y 2 4 y 4 0
1 1
or y .
13 3
1 1
Hence range is , .
13 3
(ii) f x sin x cos x
0 x 0, 2 2 , 2 1 x 0, 2
3
sin x 1 x & cos x 0 x 0, , 2 2
2 2 2
1 x , 2 3
1 x ,
2 2
Hence [sin x] + [cos x] = -2, -1, 0, 1.
Now for square root to be defined, [sin x] + [cos x] = 0, 1.
Hence range of f (x) is {0, 1}
Q.10
(i) Number of functions from A to B = Number of ways to distribute n distinct objects in
m distinct groups = m n .
(ii) Number of one – one functions from A to B = Number of ways to permute n distinct
objects in at n out of m places = m Cn n ! .
(iii) If m = 2 and function is into then all the elements of A must be associated with one of
the two elements in B. Number of such functions = 2.
Number of onto function = mn 2 .
Q.11
x 1
Given f x .
2x 3
x 1 3y 1
Let y , then x
2x 3 2 y 1
1
Hence range of f (x) is R .
2
x1 1 x 1
Now 2 x1 x2 , hence f (x) is one – one.
2 x1 3 2 x2 3
Q.12
Given f x y f xy .
For y = 0 we get f (x) = f (0), hence f (x) is a constant function.
1
Thus f 2003 .
2
Q.13
Q.14
Q.15
(i) f (x) = |x – 1| + |x – 2|, 1 x 3
3 2 x, 1 x 1
f x 1, 1 x 2
2 x 3, 2 x 3
Now range of 3 – 2x in 1 x 1 is (1, 5]
In 1 x 2 , range of f (x) is {1}
Range of 2x – 3 in 2 x 3 is (1, 3].
Hence range of f (x) is [1, 5].
(ii) f x log3 5 4 x x2 .
Domain : 5 4 x x 2 0 or x 2 4 x 5 0 1 x 5 .
Now log is an increasing function as base > 1.
Also g x x2 4 x 5 x 2 9 .
2
Further g (-1) = 0, g (2) = 9 & g (5) = 0.
Maximum of g (x) = 9 & minimum of g (x) = 0.
Hence maximum of f (x) = log3 9 2 .
Hence range of f (x) : , 2 .
sin x cos x
(iii) f x f x | cos x | sin x | sin x | cos x
1 tan 2 x 1 cot 2 x
3
0, x 0, ,
2 2
f x sin 2 x, x ,
2
3
sin 2 x, x , 2
2
3
Range of f (x) = – sin 2x in , is (0, 1) so range of f (x) = sin 2x in , 2 is (-1, 0)
2 2
3
Range of f (x) in 0, , , is {0}.
2 2
Hence range of f (x) : (-1, 1)
3
{Values at , , & 2 are not included as tan x & cot x are not defined}
2 2
Q.16
Q.17
Q.18
f x f x 4 f x 2 f x 6 ... i
Replace x with x – 2 to get f x 2 f x 2 f x f x 4 ... ii
Add (i) & (ii) to get f x 2 f x 6
Replace x with x + 2 to get f x f x 8 .
Hence f (x) is periodic with period 8.
99
Now f 8n 100 f 0 500 .
n 0
Q.19
Let f (x) = ax + b & g (x) = cx + d.
Case I : f (-1) = 0 & f (1) = 3, g (-1) = 3 & g (1) = 0
3x 3 3 3x
Then f x & g x
2 2
Case II : f (-1) = 3 & f (1) = 0, g (-1) = 0 & g (1) = 3
3 3x 3x 3
Then f x & g x .
2 2
Now f (x) = g (x) gives x = 0.
Q.20
Given x 2 f x f 1 x 2 x x 4 …(i)
Replace x by 1 – x to get
1 x f 1 x f x 2 1 x 1 x
2 4
…(ii)
Eliminating f (1 – x) between (i) & (ii) gives
f x
2 x x 1 x
4 2
2 1 x 1 x
4
or f x 1 x 2 .
1 x x 1
2 2
Q.21
fog sin tan x & gof tan sin x
Period of tan x is and range of tan x is R.
Hence sin tan x T sin tan x T
& range of fog will be complete range of sine function i.e. [-1, 1].
Period of sin x is and range of sin x is [-1, 1].
Hence tan sin x T tan sin x T 2
Now as range of sine function is [-1, 1] which is a subset of , hence gof will be an
2 2
increasing function in each period.
Therefore Range of gof will be [-tan 1, tan 1].
Q.22
Q.25
26.
27.
28.
(a) (b)
29.
30.
1 x, x 0 x, x 1
Given f x 2 & g x
x , x0 1 x, x 1
1 g(x), g(x) 0
i fog x 2
g (x), g(x) 0
x, x 0 g x 0,
Now g x x, 0 x 1 g x 1, 0
1 x, x 1 g x , 0
x2 , x0
fog x 1 x, 0 x 1
x, x 1
f x , f (x) 1
ii gof x
1 f x , f (x) 1
1 x, x 0 f x 1,
Now f x x, 0 x 1 f x 0,1
1 x, x 1 g x 1,
x, x0
2
gof x x , 0 x 1
1 x 2 , x 1
31.
x 1 x2 x 1 x2
f x log x 1 x 2 f x log
x
(a)
1 x2
f x log
1
or f x log x 1 x 2 f x
x 1 x 2
Hence f (x) is an ODD function.
1
x 1
a 1
f x x x f x x
x
(b) a
a 1 1
1
ax
1 ax ax 1
f x x or f x x f x .
1 ax a x 1
Hence f (x) is an EVEN function.
(c) f x sin x cos x f x sin x cos x
Hence f (x) is nether EVEN nor ODD.
f x x sin 2 x x f x x sin 2 x x 3
3
(d)
f x x sin 2 x x 3 f x
Hence f (x) is an ODD function.
(e) Same as (c)
2
1
1 2
x 2 1 x
f x
2
(f) f x
2 x 1
2x
f x
1 2
x 2
f x .
2 x
Hence f (x) is an EVEN function.
x x xe x x
(g) f x x 1 f x x 1
e 1 2 e 1 2
x
xe x
f x x x 1
e 1 2
xe xe x x
x x
f x 1
ex 1 2
x x
f x x 1 f x
e 1 2
Hence f (x) is an EVEN function.
(h) Clearly f (x) is an even function.
32.
y 2log10 x 8 2log10 x y 8
log10 x log 2 y 8
log2 y 8
x 10
f 1 x 10 , x 8, .
log 2 x 8
Now f 1 x f x f x x
10log 2 x 8 x
x 10.
33.
2 5x 2n
Period of cos nx is & period of sin is , thus
n n 5
2 2n
period of f (x) is LCM ,
n 5
2 2n
LCM , 3 n 1, 3, 5, 15 .
n 5
34.
35.
36.
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
(e)
37.
38.
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