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Computer Networks

This document defines and describes various computer networking terms and components. It explains that a modem translates digital and analog signals to transmit data over phone lines, while network cards and ports allow devices to connect to computers. It also defines networking as the interconnection of computers that share resources, and notes that nodes, links, and buses connect devices within a network. Finally, it briefly outlines additional networking terms like IP addresses, URLs, ISPs, switches, routers, servers, and different types of networks including LANs, MANs, WANs, and PANs.

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29 views2 pages

Computer Networks

This document defines and describes various computer networking terms and components. It explains that a modem translates digital and analog signals to transmit data over phone lines, while network cards and ports allow devices to connect to computers. It also defines networking as the interconnection of computers that share resources, and notes that nodes, links, and buses connect devices within a network. Finally, it briefly outlines additional networking terms like IP addresses, URLs, ISPs, switches, routers, servers, and different types of networks including LANs, MANs, WANs, and PANs.

Uploaded by

sacbansal
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COMPUTER NETWORKS (REFERENCE MATERIAL)

1) Modem: The modem translates digital information to analog information and


sends it over the telephone network. The modem receiving the information
translates the analog information back into digital form and sends it on to the
computer.
2) Port: The hardware devices such as keyboard or printer, to communicate with
a computer it must be able to hook up to the computer through a plug called a
port.
3) Buses: The wires that connect the computer’s internal components are called
buses.
4) Network Cards: A Network Interface Card(NIC) is a circuit board that is
installed on a computer to connect to the network.
5) Networking: The interconnection of computers that can exchange data and
share resources with each other is known as Networking
6) Nodes: A node is any computer which is connected to the network
7) Link: It is the association of one computer with the other on a network. It
further provides sharing of resources. It indicates the communication path
between any two devices/machines.
8) Internet: The Internet is defined as a global network of billions of computers.
9) URL: A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is mainly used to point to a
webpage, a component of a webpage or a program on a website.
10) ISP: An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is an organization that provides
services for accessing and using the Internet. Eg: BSNL, Airtel, Jio etc.,
11) IP Address: An Internet Protocol(IP) address is a numerical label assigned
to each device in a network. (Eg: IP Address of my computer : 192.168.1.1)
12) DNS: The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical decentralized
naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected to the
internet or a private network.
13) Web page: A webpage is an electronic document on the World Wide Web.
14) Website: A website is a collection of related web pages addressed by a
unique domain name.
15) Web portal: A Web portal is a specially designed website that often serves
as the single point of access for information.
16) Switch: A network switch connects devices in a network to each other,
enabling them to talk by exchanging data packets.
17)Hub: A hub is a device that acts as a common connection point for devices in
a network
18) Router: A router is a device that connects two or more subnetworks.
19) Gateway: A network gateway is a device that connects two different
networks
20) Hyperlinks: A hyperlink is a word, phrase or image that you can click on
which leads you to open a new document or a new section within the current
document.
21) Hypertext: Hypertext is text which contains links to other texts
22) Bandwidth: It refers to the amount of data transfer speed over a
communication channel
23) Server: A server consists of one or more computers that receive and process
requests from one or more client computers
24) Network Protocols: It refers to a set of rules, procedures and formats that
define communication netween two or more devices over a network.
25) LAN: A Local Area Network(LAN) is a communication network of computers
within a small area such as a building.
26) MAN: A Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is a computer network that
connects computers within a metropolitan area.
27) WAN: A Wide Area Network(WAN) is a computer network that connects
computers within a large geographical areas from country to country.
28) PAN: A Personal Area Network(PAN) is a network that connects devices
over a very short distances.

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