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Tutorial No. 3

This document contains 19 fluid mechanics practice problems related to determining forces on surfaces from fluid pressures. The problems involve calculating forces, moments, and pressure distributions on gates, cylinders, and other objects submerged in liquids like water, gasoline, and oil. The student is asked to solve these problems and submit their work by a deadline of Thursday, October 31st.

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S.A. Beskales
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49 views7 pages

Tutorial No. 3

This document contains 19 fluid mechanics practice problems related to determining forces on surfaces from fluid pressures. The problems involve calculating forces, moments, and pressure distributions on gates, cylinders, and other objects submerged in liquids like water, gasoline, and oil. The student is asked to solve these problems and submit their work by a deadline of Thursday, October 31st.

Uploaded by

S.A. Beskales
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Benha University

Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra


Mechanical Engineering Department

FLUID MECHANICS
Course Code: MEP 291
2nd YEAR production
Winter 2015

Sheet [3] Force on surfaces

NAME

SECTION NO.

Deadline: Thursday - 31 Oct

Please keep a copy for your answer sheet before submitting.


[1] A large, open tank contains water and is
connected to a 2 m diameter conduit as
shown in Figure. A circular plug is used to
seal the conduit. Determine the magnitude,
direction, and location of the force of the
water on the plug.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[2] An open tank has a vertical partition and on


one side contains gasoline with a density 700
kg/m3 at a depth of 4 m, as shown in Figure. A
rectangular gate that is 4 m high and 2 m wide
and hinged at one end is located in the
partition. Water is slowly added to the empty
side of the tank. At what depth, h, will the gate
start to open?

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[3]Two square gates close two openings in a conduit connected to an open tank
of water as shown in Fig. When the water depth, h, reaches 5 m it is desired that
both gates open at the same time. Determine the weight of the homogeneous
horizontal gate and the horizontal force, R, acting on the vertical gate that is
required to keep the gates closed until this depth is reached. The weight of the
vertical gate is negligible, and both gates are hinged at one end as shown.
Friction in the hinges is negligible.
[4] The massless, 4-ft-wide gate shown in
Fig. pivots about the frictionless hinge O. It
is held in place by the 2000n lb
counterweight, W. Determine the water
depth, h.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[5] Gate AB is semicircular, hinged at B, and
held by a horizontal force P at A. What force P is
required for equilibrium?

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[6]A gate having the shape shown in Fig. is located in the vertical side of an
open tank containing water. The gate is mounted on a horizontal shaft. (a)
When the water level is at the top of the gate, determine the magnitude of the
fluid force on the rectangular portion of the gate above the shaft and the
magnitude of the fluid force on the semicircular portion of the gate below the
shaft. (b) For this same fluid depth determine the moment of the force acting on
the semicircular portion of the gate with respect to an axis which coincides with
the shaft.
[7] The rigid gate OAB is hinged at O and
rests against a rigid support at B.
Sketch the pressure distribution on the gate
OAB. What is the minimum horizontal force
P is required to hold the gate closed if its
width is 3 m?
Neglect the weight of the gate and friction in
the hinge. The back of the gate is exposed to
the atmosphere.

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[8] Gate ABC in Fig. has a fixed hinge line at


B and is 2 m wide into the paper. The gate
will open at A to release water if the water
depth is high enough. Compute the depth h
for which the gate will begin to open.

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[9] Find the force exerted by water pressure on the shown gate.

5m

A 60o
[10] There is an opening in a container as shown in Fig. This opening is closed by
a plate AB of width 5 m. Find the force that is applied at point B to maintain the
gate closed.
23.5 KN/m2
A
1.2 m

30o
B Oil
S = 0.8

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[11]The tank in Fig. has a 4-cm-diameter plug
at the bottom on the right. All fluids are at
20°C. The plug will pop out if the hydrostatic
force on it is 25 N. For this condition, what will
be the reading h on the mercury manometer
on the left side?

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[12] Gate AB in Fig. is 1.2 m long and 0.8 m into the paper. Neglecting
atmospheric pressure, compute the force F on the gate and its center-of-
pressure position X.
[13] Compute the horizontal and vertical
components of the hydrostatic force on the
quarter-circle panel at the bottom of the
water tank in Fig.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[14] The quarter cylinder AB shown in figure is 3 m long. Calculate magnitude


and direction of the resultant force of the water on AB.

2.4 m
A

Water R=1.5 m B

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[15] A cylinder 2.4 m long is pivoted at O as shown in fig. Calculate the moment
about O required holding the cylinder in position.

1.5 R

O
Water

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[16] The 4-ft-diameter log (SG _ 0.80) in Fig. is 8 ft


long into the paper and dams water as shown.
Compute the net vertical and horizontal reactions
at point C.
[17]The gate shown is pivoted at O. The gate is 2-
m wide. The water height h =6m .

Sketch the distribution on the gate and determine


the magnitude and the direction of the force on
the curved gate and for the horizontal gate and
then determine the required moment at O to
open the gate.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[18] A 4 m long quarter circular gate of radius 3 m and of negligible weight is


hinged about its upper edge A. the gate controls
the flow of water over the ledge at B where the
gate is pressed by a spring. The water level is at A
at the upper edge of the gate.

sketch the pressure distribution on the gate


determine the horizontal component of the
hydrostatic force on the gate

determine the vertical component of the


hydrostatic force on the gate

Determine the minimum spring force required to keep the gate closed
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[19] The hemispherical dome in Fig. weighs 30
kN and is filled with water and attached to the
floor by six equally spaced bolts. What is the
force in each bolt required to hold down the
dome?

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