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NETWORKING

The document provides an introduction to networking, covering types of networks, network topologies, networking devices, network protocols, networking models, network security, and network administration. It defines common networking terms and concepts in a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals of networking.

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26 views2 pages

NETWORKING

The document provides an introduction to networking, covering types of networks, network topologies, networking devices, network protocols, networking models, network security, and network administration. It defines common networking terms and concepts in a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals of networking.

Uploaded by

202202214
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NETWORKING

1. **Introduction to Networking**: Networking involves the interconnection of devices for


communication purposes, enabling data exchange and resource sharing.

2. **Types of Networks**:

- LAN (Local Area Network): Limited geographical area, like a home, office, or campus.

- WAN (Wide Area Network): Spans a large geographical area, connecting LANs across cities or
countries.

- WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network): Utilizes wireless technology like Wi-Fi for connectivity.

- MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): Covers a larger area than LAN but smaller than WAN, typically
within a city.

- VPN (Virtual Private Network): Securely extends a private network across a public network like the
internet.

3. **Network Topologies**:

- Bus, Star, Ring, Mesh, and Hybrid topologies determine how devices are interconnected.

4. **Networking Devices**:

- Router: Routes data between networks.

- Switch: Connects devices within a network, directing data only to the intended recipient.

- Hub: Connects multiple devices in a network, broadcasting data to all connected devices.

- Modem: Modulates and demodulates digital signals for transmission over analog communication
channels.

5. **Network Protocols**:

- TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): Fundamental to the internet, ensuring


reliable data transmission.
- HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring web pages and other web resources.

- FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Facilitates file transfers between clients and servers.

- SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): Handles the sending of emails.

- DNS (Domain Name System): Translates domain names into IP addresses.

6. **Networking Models**:

- OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Model: Divides networking functions into seven layers for easier
understanding and troubleshooting.

- TCP/IP Model: Based on the Internet Protocol Suite, consists of four layers: Application, Transport,
Internet, and Link.

7. **Network Security**:

- Firewalls: Monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined
security rules.

- Encryption: Secures data transmission by encoding information to prevent unauthorized access.

- VPNs: Provide secure access to a private network over a public network like the internet.

8. **Network Administration**:

- Network Monitoring: Regularly checks network performance and identifies issues.

- Troubleshooting: Diagnoses and resolves network problems to ensure uninterrupted operation.

- Maintenance: Regular updates, backups, and security checks to keep the network running smoothly.

These are some foundational points to understand networking concepts. Further study can delve into
more advanced topics and technologies.

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