Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur

th
B. Tech (EE) 4 Semester Final Examination, May 2022
Subject: Electrical Machines - II Subject code: EE 2201
Time: 1 hour 30 minutes (plus 20 minutes more for uploading the answer-scripts) Full Marks: 50

i) Read the instructions below and the questions carefully.

ii) Use a single answer-script for answering both halves. All parts of a single question should be
answered together and not haphazardly.
iii) N.B.: You must write answers in separate page marked blanked pages/ a4 sheets which must not be
part of an exercise copy. Keep about 10 such sheets ready (plus 3 or 4 graph papers).These might be
shown during Roll call. Also show the pages on camera before using newer un-numbered sheets.
Use graph papers, wherever necessary.
iv) In the First half, answer Q. No. 1 and any one more from the remaining questions. In the Second
half, answer Q. No. 5 and any three more from the remaining questions.
v) Bracketed figures on the right hand margin indicate marks. Underlines in the marks break-up imply
marks divisions in question sub-parts for First half.
vi) All symbols have their usual significance, unless specified otherwise.
vii) For First Half, while finding numerical answers, show intermediate steps, in brief, even if the same
is not explicitly asked for within each question.
viii) In the First Half, carefully evaluate the numerical parts as they are related to your ID numbers.
ix) In the First Half questions, ‘XYZ’ implies the last three digits of your roll / ID number. Mention the
number (XYZ) while solving. This is essential. You will lose all credits for a choosing wrong XYZ.
x) This examination is being conducted in ONLINE mode due to COVID-19 disruption.
xi) Save the image of your answer-script as PDF file “EE2201-EEBXYZ-Final.pdf” where XYZ is
defined in ix) above, and upload the same within stipulated time.

First Half
1. The following test data (terminal) relate to a PO hp, VL V, 3-phase, 50Hz, P-poles „C‟-connected squirrel cage
induction motor (please choose as per “XYZ”):
Sl. Roll No. PO VL P C No-load test Blocked rotor test
No.
(HP) (V) - - VNL (V) INL (A) WNL (W) VBR IBR WBR(W)
1 80 ≤ XYZ ≤ 99 10 500 4 Y 500 3.9 W1=1248 100 11.7 W1= 940
W2= -673 W2= - 132
2 20 ≤ XYZ ≤ 39 2 230 4 Δ 230 2.6 W1= 422 50 6 W1= 252
W2= -156 W2= - 16
3 60 ≤ XYZ ≤ 79 7.5 415 4 Y 415 3.75 W1= 1015 86 10.8 W1= 754
W2= - 514 W2= - 92
4 01 ≤ XYZ ≤ 19 1 230 2 Δ 230 1.4 W1= 230 50 3.2 W1= 136
W2= - 80 W2= -6
5 100 ≤ XYZ ≤ 120 5 400 6 Δ 400 2.75 W1= 730 80 7.6 W1= 500
W2= - 347 W2= - 51
6 40 ≤ XYZ ≤ 59 3 415 6 Y 415 1.6 W1= 450 85 4.5 W1= 318
W2= - 197 W2= - 25
The copper losses in the stator and rotor during the blocked rotor test may be assumed to have almost equal
proportion. All test data relate to terminal measurements. All voltages, currents are in SI units. The two
wattmeter method was followed for the power measurements.

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Draw the circle diagram and evaluate the following: (i) input current, (ii) p.f. (iii) slip and (iv) efficiency at rated
load. Also find (v) the maximum output power, (vi) the slip for maximum power and (vii) the maximum output
torque. Separate marks are reserved for neat drawing of the circle diagram, the details and clarity of working out
the steps. (7+3+3 = 13)

2. A 3-phase 50 Hz, cage-rotor induction motor, having an output power of PO hp, at VT V, with P-poles, has
S1 nos. of slots in the stator having a double layered arrangement of winding. The efficiency is η %. The nos. of
turns per coil layer are nT . The rotor has S2 nos. of slots with bars in them. The corresponding values are given
in the table below (please choose as per the last 3 “XYZ” digits of your Roll no. and solve for the corresponding
dataset only)

Sl. Roll No. PO VL P S1 S2 C nT η ωt1

No. (deg.)
1 60 ≤ XYZ ≤ 79 2 230 6 36 30 Δ 2 81 0
2 01 ≤ XYZ ≤ 19 5 400 4 24 28 Y 4 87 30
3 100 ≤ XYZ ≤ 120 2 230 2 18 18 Δ 4 83 60
4 40 ≤ XYZ ≤ 59 5 400 8 48 42 Y 2 85 45
5 80 ≤ XYZ ≤ 99 2 230 4 24 20 Δ 3 82 90
6 20 ≤ XYZ ≤ 39 5 400 6 36 44 Y 3 88 75
(a) Draw the waveforms of the (i) idealised distribution of current through the conductors in slots and (ii) the
stepped resultant armature mmf, both at the specified „ωt1’ instant, under a developed view of the armature for a
pole pair only. Show the brief calculations (with the mention of reasons) for the significant levels/magnitudes
associated with the waveforms. Assume a power factor of around 0.8 lagging.
(b) Calculate pitch factor and the distribution factor (for your applicable IM as per XYZ). Derive expressions
for any one of them with clarification(s).
(a) Calculate the amplitude of the space fundamental component of the resultant armature mmf at full load.
(2+2 + 2+2+2 + 2 = 12)

3. (a) Why is it told that induction generators operate at leading pf?

(b) If the machine in Q.2 above (for your chosen Roll No. last 3 digits XYZ) is to be run as an isolated
induction generator feed a RL load, with the stator frequency being 50 Hz, what should be the value of the
capacitor connected to the terminals to produce rated active (power producing part of) current at rated terminal
voltage? Assume that in absence of the capacitor the machine terminal p.f. (but as a generator) would have been
the same as mentioned in Q2. Show the calculations and justify them.

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 (c) What is slot skewing of 3-phase AC machines? Derive, in brief, an expression for slot skew factor for the
hth space harmonic component.
(d) If the machine with data as in Q2. above (for your chosen Roll No. last 3 digits XYZ) has the number of
rotor slots S2 , is there any possibility of undesirable running at low speeds? Justify as below.
(i) If yes, substantiate your answer . Also name the phenomenon and also find out the possible speed at which
the rotor may run.
(ii) If not, justify using appropriate expressions/relations why there is no possibility of such an undesirable low
speed operation. (1+1+3+1+2+1+3 = 12)

4. (a) Using data provided in Q1 above (with appropriate XYZ corresponding to the last 3 digits of your ID no.)
evaluate the equivalent circuit parameters (following standard procedure, as for transformers) for a full-load slip
of around 3%.
(b) Thereafter using the equivalent circuit parameters as in 4(a) above, and following any approach other than
the approximate equivalent circuit method, evaluate the following: (i) input current, (ii) p.f. and (iii) efficiency
at the full load condition.
(c) Also find (i) the maximum output power, (ii) the slip for maximum power after deriving the appropriate
expressions for the same.
(d) Draw a neat and proportionate phasor digram, to appropriate scale, showing all significant phasors.
(2+3+2+2+3 = 12)

Second Half
5. Explain the four modes of operation of a doubly fed induction machine with necessary relations and
equations. (7)

6. What is the importance of a centrifugal switch in a split phase induction machine? The rotor of a 4 pole,
50 Hz slip ring induction motor has a resistance of 0.25 ohm/phase and runs at 1440 rpm at full load.
Calculate the external resistance per phase which must be added to lower the speed to 1200 rpm, the
torque being the same as before. (6)

7. What indicates a negative equivalent electrical resistance in a single phase induction machine? Two
three phase 50 Hz, 220 V, Induction machine are mechanically coupled and connected in cascade. One
machine is rated as 10 HP and has 4 poles. The other is rated as 15 HP and has 6 poles. Calculate:
(a) Synchronous speed
(b) The greatest load which can be developed without either machine taking more than full load current.
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 (c) Relative torques of each machine at this load. (6)

8. Differentiate between Copper rotor Induction motor and Aluminium rotor Induction motor. An Induction
generator having a synchronous speed of 750 rpm is driven at 800 rpm and with the rotor short circuited,
the stator output is 9 kW. Determine the :-
(a) Rotor Cu Loss
(b) Rotor resistance per phase (Voltage across slip rings at standstill = 260 V, neglect stator resistance
and rotor reactance).
(c) By the addition of external resistance in the rotor circuit, the stator output is reduced to 4 kW.
Determine the value of external resistance inserted per phase. (6)

9. What is the basis of classification of different enclosure types according to NEMA standards? A 3 phase
induction motor has a 4 pole, star connected stator winding and runs on a 220 V, 50 Hz supply. The rotor
resistance is 0.1 ohm and reactance 0.9 ohm. The ratio of stator to rotor turns is 1.75. The full load slip is
5%. Calculate for this load (a) the total torque (b) the horse power. Find also (c) the maximum torque (d)
the speed at maximum torque. (6)

10. What are the problems associated with induction motor starting? Explain one of the starting methods for
squirrel cage induction motor. (6)

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