CONSUMER STUDIES GRADE 12 NSC PREPARATORY EXAMINATION

MARKINGUIDELINES

NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE

CONSUMER STUDIES
EXEMPLAR

PREPARATORY EXAMINATION

2021

GRADE 12

MARKING GUIDELINES

MARKS: 200

This marking guideline consists of 14 pages

GRID ANALYSIS

Lower Middle Higher

Bloom’s Taxonomy Total order order order Total
30% 50% 20%
SECTION A
Question 1 40 20 17 3 40
SECTION B
Question 2 40 10 20 10 40
Question 3 40 13 18 9 40
Question 4 20 6 11 3 20
Question 5 20 5 11 4 20
Question 6 40 8 23 9 40
Total 200 62 100 38 200
Percentage 100% (31%) (50%) (19%) 100%

SECTION A
QUESTION 1
1.1.1 D 
1.1.2 D 
1.1.3 A 
1.1.4 D 
1.1.5 C 
1.1.6 C 
1.1.7 D 
1.1.8 A 
1.1.9 D 
1.1.10 A 
1.1.11 B 
1.1.12 C 
1.1.13 D 
1.1.14 A 
1.1.15 C 
1.1.16 A 
1.1.17 C 
1.1.18 C 
1.1.19 B, C (2)
(20)

1.2 B, D, E, H (any order) (4 x 1) = (4)

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1.3.1 E
1.3.2 F
1.3.3 A
1.3.4 H
1.3.5 C
1.3.6 G (6 x 1) = (6)

1.4
1.4.1 D
1.4.2 F
1.4.3 A
1.4.4 E
1.4.5 B (5 x 1) = (5)

1.5
1.5.1 F
1.5.2 G
1.5.3 B
1.5.4 C
1.5.5 H (5 x 1) = (5)

TOTAL SECTION A: 40

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SECTION B

QUESTION 2

2.1 Sustainable water consumption refers to the way we use water over the long
term  without depleting the resource.  (2)

2.2.1 Solar geyser it uses the sun to heat the water, thus reducing the use of
electricity. 
Gas stove / oven / heater, gas is cheaper than electricity and it eliminates
the use of electricity. 
Battery lights  Can get lighting that works with batteries. 
Solar panels lights  use the sun to make light, thus reducing it the use of
electricity.  (2)

2.2.2 Replace conventional light bulbs with energy saving or fluorescent lights. 
As far as possible, use light bulbs with lower wattage consumption. 
Turn off lights when not in use. 
Open curtains and blinds to let in natural light during the day late.  (2)

2.3 Pyramid schemes are “get-rich-quick” money-making schemes that take

the form of a pyramid. They promise participants payment to enrol other
people in the scheme, rather than providing any real investment or selling
products or services to the public. 
Pyramid schemes are unfair trade practices and have been declared
illegal by the Consumer Protection Act. (3)

2.4.1 This applies to all transactions resulting from direct marketing arise. 
A transaction where the consumer does not complete the transaction
did not insinuate. 

EXAMPLE (1)
- Salesperson - cleaning services
- Approach - email
- Money for goods and not for services.  (1)

2.4.2 5 working days.  (1)

2.5.1 Stokvel  (1)

2.5.2 To help you save money for when you need it. 
Members can help each other better manage their finances.  (2)

2.5.3 Yes  The money will earn interest and it will be safer to keep the money
in the bank savings than having a large amount of cash with you.  whether
it can help with control (2)

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2.6 Inflation is the increase in the prices of goods and services,  over a specific
period measured.  Rise in prices and goods reduces consumer's
purchasing power.  (2)

2.7 National credit act  (1)

2.8 When the petrol price rises, the prices in goods will rise because the
transportation and production of the goods' prices will rise.  This will follow
have that South Africans can buy less with the same amount of money.  (2)

2.9.1 The CPI measures the changes in the price of goods and services  over
a specific period.  The CPI (Consumer Price Index) is a list of
products and services that are mostly bought by South Africans.  (3)

2.9.2 This index is also used to measure inflation in South Africa.  (1)

2.10 Direct tax is paid on your personal or business income,  (1)

such as income tax / property tax. / salary the same wealth
of the state should contribute as they contribute to their own prosperity. (2)

Indirect taxes are levied on goods and services, (1)

such as VAT, excise duty, import duty, licenses and fuel.  (2)

2.11.1 Interest is the amount charged by a financial institution or credit provider

the use of money.  (2)

2.11.2 Simple interest is calculated on the principal amount.  Compound

interest is when interest is charged or paid on the principal amount.  (2)

2.11.3 When the bank's interest rate is higher than the repo rate, consumers with
debt are negatively affectedbecause they have more interest on
loans will pay.  If the repo rate is cut consumers will have more
spend moneyand it will increase debt. 
consumers with savings are positively affected  because they have more
interest earn on their savings.  (4)

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QUESTION 3

3.1 Define the term hypoglycaemia.

A condition in which the blood glucose level drops / decreases abnormally 
low.  (1)

3.2 Name TWO ways in which hypoglycaemia can be prevented.

• Eat regular meals and snacks / snacks. 
• Eat low-GI foods (with every meal and snack). 
• Reduce the intake of high-GI foods / carbohydrates / high-energy drinks /
high-energy snacks (snacks) between meals. 
• Combine high-GI with low-G1 / with protein-rich foods.  (Any 2)

3.3.1 Any TWO of the following:

 Excess sugar in the diet is stored as fat and too much sugar leads to
obesity. 
 Obesity can be linked to type 2 diabetes. 
 The pancreas cannot produce insulin / produce very little insulin to break
down the excess sugar into glucose
 All CHO is also broken down into glucose and therefore the intake
must
be reduced.  (2)

3.3.2 Any THREE of the following:

 Low GI foods are digested slowly.
 takes longer to break down.
 therefore, the glucose is released gradually / slowly / frequently in the
blood flow. 
 The slower the process the better to control blood glucose levels. 
 This means that there is a gradual / continuous supply of glucose. 
 It gives energy over a long period of time.
 The pancreas is not stimulated to produce too much insulin. 
 Low GI is also high in fibre;  gives full feeling and slows down the
feeling of hunger. 
 If person does not get hungry, they eat less  and can therefore
 better control weight.  (3)

3.4.1 Osteoporosis  (1)

3.4.2 Calcium is an essential mineral for increasing bone mass and

to counteract age-related bone loss. 
Vitamin D is important for calcium absorption and its incorporation into
teeth and bones  (2)

3.4.3 Calcium: Legumes, canned fish, green leafy vegetables, nuts  (any 2)
Vitamin D: Oily fish, egg yellow, full cream milk, margarine (any 2)

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3.4.4 The female hormone oestrogen protects the body against bone loss; 
the level of menopause and bone loss increases, therefore osteoporosis
occurs mostly in post-menopausal women before.  (2)

3.4.5 Protein extracts calcium from the bones, to digest proteins it accelerates
the deterioration of bone density and weakened bones.  (2)

3.5.1 The following:

 E Coli 
 Hepatitis (2)

3.5.2 Any THREE of the following:

 Food handlers / people who prepare food that has poor personal hygiene
practices spreads bacteria easily. 
 By not washing their hands regularly, especially after handling rubbish /
raw meat products by not washing their hands after visiting the toilet
most of the diseases are spread through the faeces of infected people. 
 Food handlers that sneeze / cough over food.
 Food handlers that chew gum or smoke near food preparation area. 
 Any appropriate answer. (3)

3.6 Any FOUR of the following:

 Organic food is not genetically modified. 
 Organic meat and milk are free of growth hormones and antibiotics. 
 Processed organic foods are free of artificial additives / preservatives. 
 Organic farmers are more concerned about the welfare of the animals. 
 Organic foods can taste better. 
 Less fuel is used during production of organic food. 
 No chemical pesticides or fertilizers used which leads to less pollution. 
 Organic animals are fed a natural diet so it can be better taste. 
 More work is created because it is more labour intensive.  (4)

3.7 Any THREE of the following:

 To have enough food for everyone's needs now and in the future. 
 Food security is impossible if there is no workable planning for the future. 
 The population's income must be aligned with the cost of food. 
 It is to no one's advantage to have the food available but not be able to
afford
the basic items. 
 To empower people to make optimal food choices regarding food and safe
nutrition.
 If people do not have the knowledge to make good choices, good food will
be wasted. 
 To provide safety nets that help people who cannot afford their own food or
who have survived natural disasters. 
 It is important that government intervenes after natural disasters occur to
help
people if they cannot help themselves. 
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  To ensure that the target groups benefit from the schemes and not the
organizers. 

NOTE: Subtract 1 mark if it is not written in paragraph form (6)

3.8 Any ONE FACT at each of the following ingredients and ONE MARK for the
conclusion:

Yoghurt (1)
contains pro-biotics that help the body to resist infections  and recover
more quickly from infections. 
Pro-biotics in yogurt are healthy bacteria  that promotes digestion.
A healthy intestinal tract provide an effective line of defence. 
Fresh Orange(1)
Full of vitamin C that protects and strengthens the immune system 
Vit C is an anti-oxidant that fights diseases
Vit C is the key in fighting infections.
Fresh strawberries (1)
Vit C is an anti-oxidant that fights diseases
Full of vitamin C that protects and strengthens the immune system 
Sugared cereal flakes (1)
Sugar and refined carbohydrates suppress and weaken the immune system 
as it impedes the activity of white blood cells

Spinach (1)
Spinach is rich in vitamin C 
full of numerous antioxidants that increase the infection-fighting ability of the immune
system. 

Tomato (1)
Ascorbic acid in tomatoes, is a strong antioxidant that enhances immunity

CONCLUSION (1)
The menu is suitable  for boosting the immune system as it contains
many vitamins and antioxidants (5 x 1) + 1 = (6)
[40]

QUESTION 4

4.1 Any FOUR of the following:

 Economic factors: inflation / recessions / depression / wealth / poverty. 
 Social factors: geographical / living patterns / level of education / wars /
disasters / religious beliefs / current events / fashion shows / lifestyle. 
 Consumers get bored / need something new.
 Unclear gender boundaries / unisex clothing.
 Technological factors: new textiles / new manufacturing methods.
 Better communication and the media. 
 Need for sustainability / eco-mode.
 Political / legal / judicial climate: laws / trade regulations. 
 Increased mobility.  (3)
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4.2 Any TWO of the following:
 Reduce the use of natural resources such as water for plant growth. 
 Reduce the use of petroleum used for the development of new textiles. 
 Reduce demand for chemicals used in production of new textile fabrics. 
 Reduce pollution caused in the production process.  (2)

4.3 Any TWO of the following:

 Versatile items can be worn in more than one season. 
 Versatile items can be easily mixed and matched to give different outfits. 
 It stretches your wardrobe / ensures that you get a lot of use out of it.  (2)

4.4 Any THREE of the following:

 They pay fair wages. 
 They provide good working conditions. 
 They provide decent working hours. 
 They do not use child labour. 
 They comply with labour and safety laws. 
 They support environmental sustainability.  (3)

4.5.1 Identify the different types of fashion in Outfit A and C.

A = Average / Contemporary / Standard fashion / Trend
C = Fad fashion / Retro (2)

4.5.2 Outfit B can be identified as classic fashion. Why is it important to include

classic styles in the wardrobe of a young adult entering the world of work?
• Classic styles tend to be timeless. 
• Simplistic has possibilities of dressing up or dressing down, mix
and match with other items. 
• Remain popular thus can be worn for more than one season by
just changing accessories. 
• Are considered good taste as it is simplistic and timeless. 
• Are worn over a long period of time which means you don't have
to replace clothing often. 
• Are suitable for most people and therefore will flatter most figure types. 
• Are good quality and therefore a good investment. 
• Suitable for most occasions and company dress codes  (2)

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 4.5.3 Graph

B
C
A

MARKS
 Sketches – Correct shape (3 x 1)
 Each stage labelled (1)
 Y axis correctly labelled (1)
 X axis correctly labelled (1) (Total 6)

QUESTION 5

5.1.1 Reasons why the above-mentioned townhouse would be suitable

• She is single and the townhouse provides good security as it
has a secured perimeter and controlled access. 
• Save money on the cost of having to maintain a larger property
and garden. 
• As she will travel a lot and is frequently away from home, Carla
can just lock up and go.
• Close to airport where she works.
• She can enjoy the common facilities such as the library,
landscaped gardens and shuttle service to shopping centre. 
• Close enough to business centre and shopping shuttle available. 
• From the picture it can be assumed that it is a sectional title home
where the body corporate will oversee management of complex. 
(ANY 2)

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5.1.2 The best choice for Carla
Clear conclusion BUY OR RENT

(1 mark)

TWO REASONS FROM WHAT WAS PICKED BUY OR RENT

(Any 2 from option that was chosen)
Buying
 She becomes the legal owner of the property
 Sense of pride, security and independence
 Can be used as security for a bank loan
 Investment as family can inherit
 She can make a profit when selling as the value of property
generally increases over time
 Owning a first home often leads to the purchase of a better home later
OR:
Renting
 May be a more affordable option in the beginning
 Monthly expenses may be lower – no levies
 Rental is a fixed amount per month
 She does not pay for insurance of the property
 She does not pay property rates or taxes
 She will not be responsible for any maintenance
 Easy to move (usually after notice period) 

5.2.1 Name type of home ownership.

Freehold / Full title ownership.  (1)

5.2.2 Describe the type of home ownership mentioned in QUESTION 5.2.1.

The owner / buyer / Nadine becomes the legal owner  of the entire property
the land and all the structures / buildings on it.  (1)

5.2.3 Explain the term deposit.

A deposit is a payment  made by the time of purchase. 
OR
The amount of money the buyer has available to carry bytes  for the
purchase of the house. 
OR
The amount of money required to pay in advance  indicating your
intention to complete the purchase / to serve as security / partial payment
of a property. 
OR
This is the amount of money that must be paid for the purchase or rental 
of a property before the person may move in (usually equivalent to one
month's rent or 10% of purchase amount
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 (Any 2) (2)

5.2.4 Precautions taken with regards to safety and purchase of a home.

Nadine has installed an alarm  to make it safer.
She built a wall around the property. (2)

5.2.5 a) TWO types of insurance that Nadine should have.

Mortgage bond
Mortgage protection insurance 
It is a life insurance  to be able to repay the home loan if something
unexpected happens.
Homeowners (comprehensive) insurance / Comprehensive homeowners-
insurance (OHV) that will cover any damage to the structure
Municipal Tax/ Property Tax
Repairs to home (ANY 2)

5.2.5 b) TWO costs tenant are responsible for

Home contents insurance  cover loss or damage to furniture
and personal property. 
Electricity
Water
Municipal services (ANY1)

5.3 Compare washing machines

TOPLOADER TWIN TUB

Take 5 kg load / clothes, Take 3 kg load / clothes,

5.3.1 Washing so more clothes can be so less clothes can be
capacity for a washed per cycle.  washed per cycle. 
family of five. (1) (1)

Less human energy is More human energy is

used.  used. 
Washing, rinsing and Clothes should be moved
5.3.2 Human energy dry spinning happen from the sink to a sink /
consumption. Automatic. bath to rinse and then re-
(1) placed in the spinning
compartment by hand. 
(1)
Use 150-100 litres / Use 50 litres / less
much more water  water / save water.  (1)
5.3.3 Water
than the double counter.
consumption.
(1)

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QUESTION 6
6.1 Any THREE of the following:
 Cost-based pricing 
 Demand-based pricing 
 Competitive pricing 
 Market skimming pricing 
 Premium pricing 
 Value-for-money pricing 
 Undercut pricing  (3)

6.2 Any THREE of the following:

 To create awareness/attract customers. 
 Create interest in the product/service. 
 Create a desire for the product/service/persuade/convince consumers
to buy the product/promote the use the service. 
 To expand the market to new customers. 
 To announce modification/expansion of the product/service/business. 
 Provide information about the product/service/business. 
 To maintain/improve sales.  (3)

6.3 Any THREE of the following:

 To ensure there are enough raw materials available to produce 
 For completing the required products in a given time. 
 To minimize the cost of storing the completed products  because
more products have been made than required/prevent over stocking
of raw materials. 
 The correct quality of raw materials is purchased for the product  and
thus, reduces wastage. 
 To prevent stock exceeding the “sell by” date in storage  and become
of a poorer quality for the buyer  prevent loss of income for the producer 
 To avoid cash flow problems as a result of money invested in unused /
excess stock  thus running out of cash flow for other pressing needs.  (3)

6.4 Any FOUR of the following:

 Name of the product 
 Brand name 
 Name of producer 
 Address /contact details of the business 
 Price 
 Ingredients of products 
 Quantity/weight/kg of the meat 
 Date stamps/manufacturing/use-by/best before date 
 Preparation and storing instructions
 Allergens need to be indicated  (4)

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6.5 Any TWO of the following:
 Use goods and services to improve the quality of life
 and to satisfy the needs of consumers
 the use of natural resources, toxic materials and chemicals / waste
 and reduce pollution
 to protect the natural environment. (2)
6.6.1 Electronic media; Facebook. (1)

6.6.2 children, adults and companies who want to fight the virus protect. (1)

6.6.3 She is a qualified seamstress,it will be easy for her to design and
make masks.  (2)

6.6.4 Any THREE of the following:

 The quality of the raw materials, the materials she uses for the masks. 
 The quality of the production process, she uses the same pattern every
time for when she makes the masks. 
 The finished product, all the masks are of the same quality. 
 The packaging, she must check its quality and make sure that it is
sanitized correctly. (3)

6.6.5 Any EIGHT of the following:

• Applicable to the target group; everyone needs masks. 
during the COVID-19 pandemic and she makes for children, adults and
companies. 
• Attractive for target group Give discounts too
• Safety; each mask and packaging is sanitized before it is sold. 
• Quality of raw materials; she uses only 100% cotton for her masks. 
• Quality of storage; all the material is stored in transparent plastic
boxes so that it does not get dirty, lost or messed up. (8)

6.6.6 Production costs = Fixed costs + Variable costs + Overhead costs 

R350.90÷10 masks = R35.09 for 1 mask
R35.09 + R2.35 + R2.35 = R39.75 (5)

6.6.7 Production costs + Profit = Selling price

R39.75 + (80% van R39.75) = R31.83
R39.75 + R31.83 = R71.62
Selling price = R72.00 (4)

6.5.8 The break-even point will be reached if the company's total

revenue is equal to the total production cost. (1)

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