Fraud Essays

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Fraud Essays Fraud Essays
 A Description Of Bayesian Rational Selection Methods
2.5 Full Bayesian set up j Using residual information from the pde as prior for
basis selection a Bayesian variable selection method can be devised. Posterior estimates
are computed at each time point sequentially from the estimate of the earlier tie points.
At each time point one/or more subregions are selected ω The following gives the joint
prior based on pde model and the prior on the coefficient, by some ad hoc cut off on α j
. At each selected subregion the extra basis are selected from the following posterior
distribution. For a schematic representation see Figure 4, right panel. Prior and Posterior
π1(Θ, (I, J , T )) ∼ π(un+1(x, t)|βn+1(In+1, J n+1), un) H (8) for a model dependent
constant c ((I,J)n+1). On βn+1 flat normal... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Let R(k),E(k) and R(−k),E(−k) be the corresponding linear form and the residual and I −
Ik be t set of other indices. For the regularization problem: minβ+ 2σL2 + 2σ12 , let R, E
the value of the residual and 11 11 KTK + STS β = KTb + STg. For the index
2σ12 + 2σL2 2σ12 2σL2 set I let the minimizer be β(I)+. The posterior
sampling can be performed by a Gibbs sampling algorithm after marginalizing over the
coefficient of the additional basis β+. MCMC Algorithm P(Ik=1|I−Ik)= p with 1−p p =
α k exp 1 − p 1 − α k 2ˆ2ˆ2ˆ2ˆ −∥R(k)∥ − ∥R(−k)∥ − ∥E(k)∥ −
∥E(−k)∥ (10) 2 σ L2 2 σ 12 where α k is the prior probability of
selecting that additional basis. Here, Nmc is the number of MCMC sample and the
posterior distribution given the index set If d is a linear function, then d(un) becomes
a linear function of β+n and therefore its posterior distribution becomes multivariate
normal given I. For the MCMC step β+n is marginalized and the MCMC step only
depends on the least square error and the prior for the selected index set. For nonlinear
case, this posterior normality of the coefficient given the index set does not hold and
that results in a prohibitive acceptance rejection based Metropolis Hastings algorithm as
each step requires solving big linear system. To address this problem a Laplace
approximation (Tierney and Kadane, 1986; Raudenbush et al.
 Women s Roles in Hills Like White Elephants, by Ernest...
Hills Like White Elephants

Hills Like White Elephants by Ernest Hemingway, is a great example of women s role in
the last century. The story is told in a simple form of dialogue between a man and a
young woman nicknamed Jig. Although there is an important decision to be made,
nothing of much importance is talked about. In the story, Jig does not have much
influence in her relationship with the man, even when it comes to an abortion.

The tale begins outside a small train stop in the middle of Spain, where a young woman
peers into the nearby hills. Jig remarks that they look like white elephants and tells the
man she wants some beers. The man asks for two drinks and the waitress asks Jill if she
wants her drink with water, but ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Their plans were to try new drinks and look at things. (p252) In the beginning of the
story, Jig can t determine to get an Anis del Toro with or with ought water. It also
seems that she does not even know where they re going in their relationship. The rail
tracks are used to symbolize the two roads ahead and they are stationed in the middle of
them. She states that they could get along if she has the baby. The man tells her that he
doesn t want anyone but her and it s that simple. The decision isn t as simple to her but
she will go through the operation. It seems that the man is happy with Jig just tagging
along for the ride.

Jig appears to be unsatisfied with her life. In the opening scene, she is imagining white
elephants as she looks onto the Ebro hills. The white elephants refer to an unwanted
gift. She wants the gift of a child but knows she can t have it because the man doesn t
want it. This makes her unhappy and makes her look for an imaginary life. She drinks
a lot and never settles down in one place. As she looks at the hills, she sees that there
is no shade and no trees on their side. Later in the story, she sees that the other side of the
hills is very fertile with a river, a field of grains, and many trees. Jig imagines her life as
it could be if she becomes a mother and changes her lifestyle. Her life would be as
happy as that little scene. Jig is also unhappy because she can not express her true
feelings. She tries to tell the
 The Revelation of Unexpected Qualities Under Pressure in...
Markus Zusak s post modern novel, The Messenger , investigates how people display
unforeseen qualities such as empathy, care, selflessness, courage, justice and love when
under stress. The messages that Ed Kennedy delivered were primarily focused on Ed s
close friends and family members, of which they too displayed unforeseen qualities. In
the act of delivering the messages, he encounters strangers who under the actions
undertook by Ed, are affected in their personality and values as a person. As Ed
deciphered each message, his capabilities were being tested to the limits and without
consciously knowing, he uncovered a deep sense of compassion and benevolence. These
attributes would have been non existent in him if he did not get the... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Ritchie wasted his life away; Marv had been saving money for someone he had yet to
meet in life; and Audrey was a serial monogamist who largely had feelings for Ed, but
not in an explicit way. At this moment, Ed now has developed his sense of compassion
and benevolence, so he now has a desire to help others. Ed see Ritchie at home with
nothing to do. When Ritchie and Ed go down to the river, Ritchie is slightly pressed
on by Ed to talk about his problems; he explains that he feels lost in life and so he
wants to want , meaning he wants to have a life full of prospects and possibilities,
unlike his life now. Subsequently, he starts looking for a job, indicating a change to
Ritchie s negative perspective of himself. We come to know of Marv s missing piece
in life as his young daughter. Marv was also pressured by Ed to explain his personal
problems ... when her family left town...there was a reason they just disappeared...the
kid s about two and a half. This refers to his former girlfriend, Suzanne Boyd, whom he
impregnated. Because of his everlasting devotion to the kid, it is no wonder why he
had a car of inferior standards and a repugnant vigilance in money. Marv finally
receives happiness when Suzanne arranges to meet with Ed, with the child. As a result,
his character transformed completely and became more joyful as a person he hugs me
so hard...I can smell him, and taste the joy that leaks from inside him. The main
objective of Audrey s message was about Ed
 New York Times Paywall Case Essay
Amanda Ferguson
Kim Jauch

Case Analysis The New York Times Paywall

Situation
The New York Times, as well as every other newspaper and magazine around the world,
is struggling to find the best way to transition from traditional print to the digital space
while still maintaining a profitable business. The current solution for the largest local
metropolitan newspaper in the United States is a paywall, which requires readers of
online content to pay for a digital subscription in order to have access to the site after a
fixed monthly allowance of 20 articles. However, this pay metered method has been tried
by the most popular American newspaper website before and the question is whether or
not this strategy can help The Times evolve ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Paywalls can also increase print subscriptions. For example, some newspapers have
offered subscription prices that provide digital only access for the same or lower than for
digital and print in order to increase online revenues, print circulation and thus print ad
revenue.

Opportunity is the key word for the newspaper industry right now. According to experts,
neither digital advertisement revenues nor paywall subscriptions are the answer.
Innovation needs to be present in order to define the future of the industry. For example,
some added value needs to be present to merit the payment for content that was
previously free or can be found using numerous substitute products free of charge.
Competitive Strengths and Weaknesses
The New York Times has a strong brand presence, name and equity in the United
States. According to Michael Hirschorn, contributing editor at the Atlantic, You really
can trace almost any major story these days to something that originally appeared in
The Times. The problem is that once it reaches the public, they may not even know it
came from The Times. Readers of The New York Times are extremely loyal as well. A
daily issue is priced at $2.50 compared to $2.00 for the Wall Street Journal and $1.00
for USA Today. In addition, within nine months, 390,000 consumers have subscribed to
www.nytimes.com for a premium price of approximately $4.00 a week [Table B] and
70% of print subscribers have taken
 Martin Luther King Jr And Malcolm X Essay
Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr. were both great american motivational
speakers. Bother being african american in the 1920s to the 1980s, in that day and age
you had to be very powerful to reach out and be heard by the public. They both made a
big impact on the world and they did it in 2 very similar ways, but also managed to do
some things differently in the process. Malcolm Xwas born as Malcolm Little in 1925 on
May 19 in omaha Nebraska. His mom and dad had 8 other children in the house as well
as him. His mom s name was Louise Norton Little and she was a homemaker and his
dad s name was Earl Little and he was a Baptist Minister. Earl being a passionate
supporter of Marcus Garvey, a Black Nationalist leader and his civil rights activism...
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was born but he later changed his name to Martin. His father served as a co pastor of
the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta from 1960 to his death in 1984 of a
Myocardial Infarction. Martin Luther graduated high school when he was 15 years
old. He went to a segregated public school in Atlanta. He then later finished
Morehouse College, a distinguished Negro Institution in Atlanta, with a B.A. degree
in 1948. In 1951, just 3 years later, Martin received a B.D. while studying at Crozer
Theological Seminary in Pennsylvania. He also received his doctorate at Boston
University in 1955. While in Boston he met and married a woman named Coretta
Scott and made 2 boys and 2 girls with her, In 1957 Martin became president of the
Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Both Malcolm X and Martin Luther King
Jr. wanted what was best for society to keep the peace. On August 28, 1963 Martin
have his I Have a Dream speech. King stressed the importance of a nonviolent society
and giving this speech he hoped to make vision come alive. On December 10, 1963
Malcolm also gave a speech called Message to the Grassroots . The speech outlined his
black nationalist philosophy and accepted him as a major critic for the civil rights
movements. Sadly both Malcolm and Martin s time came too soon and they both was
assassinated few years within each
 The Importance Of Osmosis In Science
Osmosis has long been taught to students, especially those in high school or introductory
science classes, as a simple variation of diffusion. Because osmosis is the first of many
natural phenomena understood by students, it is important that it is understood correctly.
This however, is not the case. In fact, discrepancies exist between how osmosisis taught
and understood between physics and chemistryor biology [1]. Moreover, since the
agreement of the real processes involved within the physics community back in 1951, no
progress has been made with osmosis in biology and chemistry education [2].
What makes these discrepancies a topic of discussion is not that they exist, but rather,
that they exist and are prevalent in education. In fact, these discrepancies are speculated
to be harmful to the understanding of many biological and chemical processes including
blood circulation, kidney function, fluid flow, and cell expansion in fruit and flowers
[2]. According Eric M. Kramer, a professor of physics at Bard College at Simon s
Rock, once errors such as these are learned they influence thinking throughout ones
professional career [1]. For this reason, it is clear that this issue is pressing in relation to
a proper understanding of many biological and chemical processes.
Above all else, what exactly is osmosis? Where does the currently accepted
understanding in biology and chemistry differ from physics? The answer lies in five
misconceptions, as explained by Kramer and Myers
 Slim Fast Diet
The Slim Fast Plan________________________________________
Since I mostly snack/or eat low calories, and have one main meal daily, the slim fast
diet plan seems to fit my personal lifestyle. I have learned that all food is not created
equally, and we are recommended to have proteins, fats, and mostly carbs make up our
daily calories. I found the Paleo diet fascinating (no carbs!) with an interesting menu, but
I felt compelled to research the Slim Fast plan.
History
Slim Fast diet has been around since 1977. The diet plan started out with powdered
mixes that contain nutrients which you mixed with milk, then the more convenient
premixed cans were created to replace two of your meals, also you could have one main
meal of real solid food. Today, the company has incorporated a vast variety of
replacement foods, like frozen entrees, meal and snack bars. The modal still is to eat a
low calorie diet with nutrients included, plus they advise exercising. Their new products
have a variety of nutrients added and calorie counts. They continue to created products
that may entice more dieters, for instance their new sugar free line, advanced nutrition
has nutrient claims of 20 grams of high protein with only 1 gram of sugar. The label
offers the health claim of being good for prediabetes, it is lactose and gluten free, and can
maintain muscle tone without reducing carbs. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is a very low calorie diet of approximately 1200 calories, so that people will lose
weight. It is not recommended for people under 18, and it is half of the recommended
calories for