OSCILLATION 12.

How would you check whether a given motion is simple

harmonic or not?
1. Which of the following functions of time represent, (a)
simple harmonic motion, and (b) period but not simple 13.The relation between the acceleration ‘a' and
harmonic ? Give the period for each case. displacement ‘x' of a particle executing SHM is :
(i) sin ωt - cos ωt
p
a =-q ,, x , where p and q are constant. What will be the time
(ii) sin2 ωt
period of particle ?
[Hint : (i) x = sin ωt - cos ωt may be rewritten as x = √2
π
sin(ωt − 4 ) 14. A particle executes SHM of period T. After it starts
from the extreme position, how much time will it take to
1
(ii) x = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜔𝑡 𝑚𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑤𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑛 𝑎𝑠 𝑥 = [1 − cos 2𝜔𝑡]. reach
1
of its displacement amplitude towards the
2
2
2. In what time will a particle oscillating according to the equilibrium position?
following equation move from the mean position to the
π 15. Which of the following relationships between the force
position of maximum displacement ? x = 7 cos( 0.5 πt + 3 )
F acting on a particle and its displacement x represents a
3. The displacement equation of a SHM is given as : simple harmonic motion? Give reason too.

y = 0.5 (sin 3πt + √3cos 3πt) in SI system, π

(a)F= a sin (ωx + ) (b) F=-kx
3
Find (i) amplitude, (ii) angular frequency, and (iii) period of
oscillation of SHM (c) F=-200x 2 + 8x (d)F =+2 kx
4. The time period of harmonic oscillations is 3 s. What is 16. Draw the graph showing the variation of potential
A
the minimum time taken by a particle to move from x = 2 to energy and kinetic energy of a block attached to spring,
x = A position ? which obeys Hooke's low.
5. A particle executes SHM of time period 10 s. The 17. An oscillating system has potential energy given by
displacement of particle at any instant is given by : x = 10 1
U=u0 + 2 kx 2 , where U0 , and k are constants constant and
sin 2𝜋𝑡 where x is in cm and t in s. Find:
x is the displacement. State whether the system is executing
(i) the velocity of the particle 2 s after it passes through simple harmonic motion ? What is the force constant ?
mean position
18. A linear harmonic oscillator has a total mechanical
(ii) the acceleration 2 s after it passes the mean position energy of 200 J. Potential energy of it at mean position is 50
6. In a pendulum oscillation, the amplitude is 0.05 m and J. Find
the period is 𝜋 𝑠. Calculate the maximum value of particle (1) the maximum kinetic energy
velocity and particle acceleration.
(ii) the minimum potential energy, and
7. A 4 kg block extends a spring 16 cm from its unstreched
position. The block is removed and a 0.5 kg body is hung (iii) the potential energy at the extreme positions.
from it. If the spring is then stretched and released ,what is 19. . The bob of a simple pendulum is made of solid brass.
the period of motion ? What will be the effect on the time period if the brass bob is
8. A spring is cut into three equal pieces and these pieces are replaced by a wooden bob?
then connected in parallel to each other By what factor will 20. A girl is swinging a swing. Another girl sits gently by
the time period of oscillation change if a block of mass m is her side. How will the periodic time be affected? Assume
attached before and after ? motion of swing to be simple harmonic
9. Show that for small oscillations the motion of a simple 21. Find the length of a second's pendulum at a place, where
pendulum is simple harmonic. Derive an expression for its g = 9.81 m s−1
time period. Does it depend on the mass of the
22. If acceleration due to gravity on moon is one-sixth that
10. What do you mean by resonant vibrations and resonance on the earth, what will be the length and time period of a
? Briefly explain resonane by giving examples. second's pendulum there?

11.Find the total energy of the particle executing simple 23.The frequency of oscillations of a mass m suspended by a
harmonic motion and show graphically the variation of spring is v1 . If the length of the spring is cut to one half, the
potential energy and kinetic energy with the time in simple same mass oscillates with frequency v2 . Determine the
v
harmonic motion. What is the frequency of these energies valuev2
1
with respect to the frequency of the particle executing SHM
24. What is the angular frequency of mass m attached with
two springs as shown in following Fig. 14.20 ? What is the
maximum velocity of mass if the amplitude of its 32. A particle is vibrating in SHM. When the displacements
oscillations is A ?
of the particle from its equilibrium position are x1 and x2 , it
has velocities v1 and v2 respectively. Show that its time
X12 −X2 2
period is given by T=2π√
V22 −V2 2

33. A cylindrical piece of cork of base area A' and height 'h'
floats in a liquid of density ρl. the cork is depressed slightly
and then released. Show that the cork oscillate up and down
hρ
simple harmonically with a period T = 2π√ρl.g where, ρ =
density of cork ignore damping due to viscosity of liqid
25. Sometimes glass windows of a building be damaged
even by a distant explosion. How ? 34. A tunnel is made in the earth diametrically and a small
26. Resonance phenomenon is a major cause of disaster stone is dropped in it. Show that will execute SHM around
during an earthquake. Explain how. the centre of earth. What is its time period ?
27. Which of the following functions of time represent (a) 35. If the earth were a homogeneous sphere of radius 6400
periodic and (b) non-periodic motion ? GIVE the period for km and a straight hole was bored in it through its centre,
each case of periodic motion. Here, ω is a positive constant. calculate the period of oscillation of a body dropped in the
hole. Given that g = 9.8 m s −1
(i) x = sin ω t + cos ω t
36. Define simple harmonic motion. Find expressions for
(ii) y = sin ωt + cos 2 ω t + sin 4 ωt
displacement, velocity and acceleration of a particle
(iii)x=e−ωt executing SHM.
(iv) y = log(ωt). 37. Prove that if a liquid taken in a U-tube is disturbed from
28. If x = a cos ωt+b sin ωt, show that it represents simple the state of equilibrium, it will oscillate simple
harmonic motion. harmonically. Find expressions for the angular frequency
and time period
29. Derive the differential equation of simple harmonic
motion and obtain expression for time period. 38. A simple pendulum is taken from Delhi to Shimla. What
will be its effect on the time period of pendulum ?
30. Two light (massless) springs of spring constants k1 and
k 2 respectiveley are joined as shown in following Fig. 39. The length of a second's pendulum on the surface of
14.31(a) and (b). Find the angular frequency of the spring earth is 1 m. What will be the length of a second's pendulum
mass system in both cases. on the moon ?
40. Can a simple pendulum be used in an artificial satellite ?
Why?
41. A simple pendulum is inside a spacecraft. What should
be its time period of oscillation ?
42. Which principle is utilised in tuning a radio set to a
particular radio station ?
43. A particle is executing simple harmonic motion of
frequency 'v'. What is the frequency of fluctuation of its
kinetic energy / potential energy?
31. Find the period of oscillation of the system shown in Fig 44. A spring of length l and stiffness k is cut into two pieces
in the ratio of lengths as 1 : 2. What is the force constant of
the longer piece ?

14.34 .