Biology Assignment – Organisms and Environment

Name: ______________________

Class: ______________________

Multiple choice questions:

1. The diagram below shows a food web associated with a mango tree.

Which animals would be most affected if pollination of the mango tree flowers did not
take place?

A. Beetles
B. Caterpillars
C. Flies
D. Squirrels

2. When you eat a carnivorous fish, you are a _________________________________

A. Decomposer
B. Primary consumer
C. Secondary consumer
D. Tertiary consumer

3. The size of each trophic level in the diagrams below represents the number of
producers, primary consumers and secondary consumers in a particular food chain.

Which diagram shows the pyramid of numbers for the following food chain:
 Grass plants  rabbits parasitic flies?

4. The diagram below shows a food web.

Which one of the following organisms is a secondary consumer?

A. Aphid
B. Caterpillar
C. Small Bird
D. Snake
5. Which of the following pyramids represents the biomass of the organisms in the food
chain below?

Tree  aphid  bird

6. Producers are organisms that __________________________

A. Break down dead organic matter

B. Can convert light energy into chemical energy
C. Live on or in the body of another organism
D. Obtain energy from other organisms on which they feed

7. Carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere by ______________________

A. Combustion
B. Decomposition
C. Photosynthesis
D. Respiration

8. The diagram represents the carbon cycle.

Which process is represented by arrow X?

A. combustion
B. feeding
C. photosynthesis
D. respiration
9. Which pathway is taken by energy from the Sun?

10. The diagram shows part of the water cycle. Where is osmosis occurring?

I. Structured questions:
1. Consider the following food chains:
a) Grass plants - rabbits -snakes - hawks
b) Oak tree - insects - small birds - owls

For each food chain, draw a diagram to represent the pyramid of biomass and another
diagram to represent the pyramid of numbers.
2. Study the food web below and answer the following :

a) Name the secondary consumers in the food web.

Sparrows, ladybirds, hawks and humans

b) Why is the cereal plant known as a producer?

It contains chlorophyll and can manufacture its own organic food by photosynthesis.

c) Draw a pyramid of numbers for the food chain shown below.

Cereal plants  cattle  humans  mosquitoes
3. The pyramid of biomass for a forest is shown below. The width of each band
represents the biomass of each trophic level.

a) What is the correct unit to record biomass?

b) Why are pyramids of biomass more useful when studying a particular ecosystem than
pyramid of numbers?

c) From the pyramid of biomass, identify

i) The producer and

ii) The secondary consumer

d) Insecticide was sprayed onto the trees to control the number of caterpillars. After a
few years, scientists noticed that there was a decline in the number of eagles in the
forest. Suggest two reasons for the decline.

_
4. The diagram shows the energy pathway and nutrient pathway in a food chain.

a) What nutrient is illustrated in the nutrient pathway?

b) How does the producer take in energy from the Sun?

c) Why do the arrows representing the energy pathway decrease in size from the Sun to
the carnivores?

d) A carbon sink is an area that stores carbon compounds for an indefinite period. Name
two natural places on Earth that can be considered as carbon sinks.

Forest and ocean

5. In a pond, fluctuations in the populations of producers and primary consumers and the
amount of dissolved mineral salts were measured over a period of two years. The
results are shown in a graph.

a) Which of the curves X,Y and Z represent the primary consumer and producer
respectively? Give reasons for your answer

X – producer Y – primary consumer

The rise and fall in the population of Y follow that of X. The average population size of
Y is smaller than that of X

b) Which curve represents the amount of mineral salts? Explain your answer.

Z represents the amount of mineral salts. These are at their highest level in seasons
when plant population decreases. This is because their bodies are decomposed by
bacteria, leading to the release of mineral salts into the environment.