Scribd
Upload
18 views

Lesson 7

This document discusses metamorphic rocks, which are formed by heat and/or pressure without complete melting. Metamorphic rocks are formed through regional metamorphism involving pressure from mountain building or contact metamorphism involving heat from igneous intrusions. Pressure often causes realignment of mineral crystals resulting in banding or foliation, while heat near igneous bodies can bake existing rock into hornfels. The composition and minerals in metamorphic rocks depend on the conditions of metamorphism and the original rock composition.

Uploaded by

Verghil Villan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
18 views

Lesson 7

This document discusses metamorphic rocks, which are formed by heat and/or pressure without complete melting. Metamorphic rocks are formed through regional metamorphism involving pressure from mountain building or contact metamorphism involving heat from igneous intrusions. Pressure often causes realignment of mineral crystals resulting in banding or foliation, while heat near igneous bodies can bake existing rock into hornfels. The composition and minerals in metamorphic rocks depend on the conditions of metamorphism and the original rock composition.

Uploaded by

Verghil Villan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 31

Metamorphic Rocks

Rocks that are formed by heat and/or


pressure
(but not completely melted)

11/2/2023
Metamorphic rocks are formed by:
• Regional metamorphism
–Involves mostly pressure
• Contact metamorphism
–Involves mostly heat

11/2/2023
Metamorphism by Pressure
What do you think causes enough
pressure to metamorphose miles of
rock?

11/2/2023
Causes flattening of mineral
crystals

11/2/2023
11/2/2023
Metamorphism by Pressure
• Pressure often causes realignment
of intergrown mineral crystals
–Called banding
–Or foliation
foliation
banding

11/2/2023
Banding

11/2/2023
Foliation

11/2/2023
11/2/2023
Regional Metamorphism

• Mountain building activity


• Involves large areas

11/2/2023
Large-scale
metamorphism

11/2/2023
Metamorphism by Heat
Known as contact metamorphism

11/2/2023
Contact Metamorphism
• Also known as thermal
metamorphism
–Creates baked rock
• ex. hornfels

11/2/2023
11/2/2023
11/2/2023
Contact Metamorphism
• Igneous intrusion
–Where molten rock is forced
between existing rock
–Tends to bake (metamorphose)
part of the existing rock

11/2/2023
Increasing degrees of metamorphism

Rocks
melt
in
this
range
11/2/2023
11/2/2023
Composition of metamorphic rock is
determined by:

• Conditions of metamorphism
• Mineralogy of parent (original)
rock

11/2/2023
Great heat and pressure

limestone marble
(small crystals) (large crystals)

In this example the mineral composition


stays the same

11/2/2023
shale slate
In this example the minerals in shale
actually change into other
minerals during metamorphosis

11/2/2023
• Some metamorphic rocks
can form from several
different parent rocks
–Ex. Gneiss may form from
sandstone, shale or granite

11/2/2023
 Where can you find this image?

11/2/2023
 When sandstone is subjected to heat and or
pressure it becomes what?

 Is marble a foliated or non-foliated


metamorphic rock?

 Name three minerals in schist

 What is the only metamorphic rock in your


ESRT that exhibits banding?
11/2/2023
How to identify rocks
Interlocking crystals?

Igneous/metamorphic sedimentary

banding/foliation?

metamorphic igneous
11/2/2023
Rocks
• All rocks are classified on the basis
of how they formed
–Sedimentary rocks form from bits and
pieces of existing rock
–Igneous rocks form from molten
minerals
–Metamorphic rocks form from existing
rocks that are changed by heat and/or
pressure
11/2/2023
Rock Cycle

11/2/2023
Rock Cycle
• Nearly all rocks are formed from other
rocks
• Exceptions include
– coal
– Fossil limestone
• Some rocks exist for thousands to
billions of years before undergoing
change
11/2/2023
11/2/2023
11/2/2023

You might also like