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Assignment No. 1 MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY

This document summarizes 12 major research figures in microbiology and parasitology. It describes their key contributions, including Robert Hooke discovering cells under a microscope in 1635, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek first observing microorganisms in 1632, Francesco Redi demonstrating that maggots come from fly eggs not spontaneous generation, and Louis Pasteur disproving spontaneous generation and establishing the germ theory of disease in the late 1800s. It also covers the discoveries of John Tyndall, Robert Koch, Joseph Lister, Charles Chamberland, Paul Ehrlich, Alexander Flemming, Selman Waksman, and Edward Jenner and their pivotal roles in microbiology.

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30 views2 pages

Assignment No. 1 MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY

This document summarizes 12 major research figures in microbiology and parasitology. It describes their key contributions, including Robert Hooke discovering cells under a microscope in 1635, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek first observing microorganisms in 1632, Francesco Redi demonstrating that maggots come from fly eggs not spontaneous generation, and Louis Pasteur disproving spontaneous generation and establishing the germ theory of disease in the late 1800s. It also covers the discoveries of John Tyndall, Robert Koch, Joseph Lister, Charles Chamberland, Paul Ehrlich, Alexander Flemming, Selman Waksman, and Edward Jenner and their pivotal roles in microbiology.

Uploaded by

jocelynmillano115
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Name: JOCELYN O.

MILLANO Section: BSE III SCIENCE


Assignment No. 1

MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY

Major Research Figures

1. Robert Hooke
 In 1635, Robert Hooke, a notable scientist, was born. He is well known for
discovering the Law of Elasticity (often known as Hooke's Law) and for his
contributions to microbiology (he published a famous book called
Micrographia, which included sketches of various natural things under a
microscope). Hooke was the scientist who created the term "cell," the
billions of small components that make up everything are referred to as
cells.

2. Antonij van Leeuwenhoek


 Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723) was one of the first people to
observe microorganisms, using a microscope of his own design, and
made one of the most important contributions to biology

3. Francesco Redi
 He is an Italian physician and poet who demonstrated that the presence
of maggots in putrefying meat does not result from spontaneous
generation but from eggs laid on the meat by flies.

4. Louis Pasteur
 Louis Pasteur was a French chemist and microbiologist considered the
most important founders of Microbiology; he is also known as the Father
of Microbiology.
 He disproved the theory of spontaneous generation of disease and
postulated the germ theory of disease: He stated that disease cannot be
caused by bad air or vapor but it is produced by the microorganisms
present in air. The doctrine of spontaneous generation was disapproved
by his experiments that showed that without contamination,
microorganisms could not develop.

5. John Tyndall
 He was an Irish physicist and Professor of Physics whose works in
physics was notable as at the time; and he discovered a process known
as tyndallization through which bacterial spores can be destroyed.
Tyndall’s work also affirmed the germ theory of disease which was
discovered as at the time, and which helped scientists to establish the
causative agents of infectious diseases. One of the traditional arguments
against abiogenesis was the claim that the heat used to sterilize the air or
specimens was destroying a vital force of life which did not allow
microorganisms to spontaneously appear.

6. Robert Koch
 He was the German bacteriologist who discovered the bacteria that
causes anthrax, septicaemia, tuberculosis and cholera, and his methods
enabled others to identify many more important pathogens.
7. Josehp Lister

 Joseph Lister was a British surgeon and medical scientist.


 He was the first person to isolate bacteria in pure culture (Bacillus
lactis) using liquid cultures containing either Pasteur's solution of turnip
infusion and a special syringe to dilute the inoculum and so can be
considered a co-founder of medical microbiology with Koch, who later
isolated bacteria on solid media.
 Antisepsis was developed by the British surgeon Joseph Lister. It is the
method of using chemicals, called antiseptics, to destroy the germs that
cause infections.

8. Charles Chamberland
 Charles Chamberland was a French microbiologist. One of Pasteur’s
most famous associates, he was later to become an expert himself,
enriching the techniques of bacteriology with important apparatus as
well as setting down useful rules for public health.
 Chamberland is best known for his research in the field of
microbiology. He developed a type of filtration known today as the
Chamberland filter or Chamberland-Pasteur filter, a device that made
use of an unglazed porcelain bar.

9. Paul Ehrlich
 German medical scientist known for his pioneering work in
hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy and for his discovery of the
first effective treatment for syphilis.

10. Alexander Flemming


 Scottish bacteriologist best known for his discovery of penicillin.
In 1928, Fleming discovered penicillin, the first form of antibiotics. He
grew cultures of bacteria on petri dishes in the hospital where he worked.
A fungal spore happened to contaminate one of the bacteria cultures and
grew into a fungal colony.

11. Selman Waksman


 Selman Abraham Waksman was an American biochemist and one of the
foremost experts on soil microbiology in the world. He was a key figure in
launching a calculated, systematic hunt for antibiotics among bacteria
after the discovery of penicillin. He won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or
Medicine in 1952 for his screening methods and subsequent codiscovery
of the antibiotic streptomycin, the first specific drug successful in the
treatment of tuberculosis.

12. Edward Jenner


 He was a British physician and scientist who pioneered the concept of
vaccines including creating the smallpox vaccine, the world's first
ever vaccine.

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