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CBSE Class 10 Introduction To Trigonometry Study Notes

The document introduces trigonometric ratios and their definitions using right triangles. It defines sine, cosine, and tangent ratios and their reciprocals. It also covers trigonometric ratios of standard angles like 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90° and complementary angles. Trigonometric identities like sin2θ + cos2θ = 1 are proved using the Pythagorean theorem. Key topics covered include trigonometric functions, right triangle definitions, standard angles, complementary angles, and trigonometric identities.

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1K views9 pages

CBSE Class 10 Introduction To Trigonometry Study Notes

The document introduces trigonometric ratios and their definitions using right triangles. It defines sine, cosine, and tangent ratios and their reciprocals. It also covers trigonometric ratios of standard angles like 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90° and complementary angles. Trigonometric identities like sin2θ + cos2θ = 1 are proved using the Pythagorean theorem. Key topics covered include trigonometric functions, right triangle definitions, standard angles, complementary angles, and trigonometric identities.

Uploaded by

ramniwaschak08
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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POST CLASS NOTES

Introduction to
Trigonometry
Topics

25° 𝟑𝟎°
Trigonometric Ratios
Q
𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
sin θ = 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒

Opposite side (O)


𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
cos θ = 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒

θ
sin 𝜃 𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
tan θ = =
cos 𝜃 𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 O Adjacent side (A) P

𝟏 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
i. sin θ i. cosec θ = sin 𝜽 = 𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒

𝟏 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
ii. cos θ ii. sec θ = cos 𝜽 = 𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡

𝟏 𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
iii. tan θ iii. cot θ = tan 𝜽 = 𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
Trigonometric Ratios of
Standard Angles
𝜽

𝜽 0° 30° 45° 60° 90°

0 1 2 3 4

0 1 2 3 4
4 4 4 4 4
0 1 2 3 4
4 4 4 4 4

1 1 3
0 1
2 2 2

sin 𝜽 sin 0° sin 30° sin 45° sin 60° sin 90°
Trigonometric Ratios of
Standard Angles
Angles
Logic 0° 30° 45° 60° 90°
Ratios

1 1 3
sinθ sinθ 0 1
2 2 2
Reverse 3 1 1
cosθ 1 0
sinθ 2 2 2

sinθ 1 Not
tanθ 0 1 3
cosθ 3 defined

1 Not 2
cosecθ 2 2 1
sinθ defined 3

1 2 Not
secθ 1 2 2
cosθ 3 defined

1 Not 1
cotθ 3 1 0
tanθ defined 3
Trigonometric ratios of
complementary angles
sin(90°- θ) = cosθ cos (90°- θ) = sinθ

tan(90°- θ) =cotθ cot(90°- θ) = tanθ

sec(90°- θ) = cosecθ cosec(90°- θ) = secθ

Q
𝑶𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆 𝑷𝑸
sin θ = 𝑯𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆 = 𝑶𝑸
90° - θ
𝑨𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑷𝑸
cos (90 ° - θ) =𝑯𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆 = 𝑶𝑸

cos(90°- θ) = sinθ θ

O P

𝑨𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑶𝑷 𝑶𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆 𝑷𝑸
cos θ = = tan θ = 𝑨𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑶𝑷
𝑯𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝑶𝑸

𝑶𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆 𝑶𝑷 𝑨𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑷𝑸
sin (90° - θ) = 𝑯𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆 = 𝑶𝑸 cot (90° – θ) = =
𝑶𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆 𝑶𝑷

sin(90°- θ) = cosθ cot(90°- θ) = tanθ


Proof of Trigonometric
Identities
B
∆ ABC
∆ ABC
a
𝑎
s𝑖𝑛 𝜃 = ……………
𝑐
θ
𝑏
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = …………… A C
𝑐 b

a2 + b2 = c2

c2
𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2
+ = 2
𝑐2 𝑐2 𝑐
𝑎2 𝑏2
+ =1
𝑐2 𝑐2

sin𝟐 𝜽 + cos𝟐 𝜽 = 𝟏
𝟏 + 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝟐 𝛉 = 𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝟐 𝛉

sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1
Cos2 θ
sin2θ cos2θ 1
+ 2 =
cos2θ cos θ cos2θ

tan2 θ + 1 = sec2 θ

𝟏 + 𝐜𝐨𝐭 𝟐 𝛉 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝟐 𝛉

sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1
sin2 θ
sin2θ cos2θ 1
+ 2 =
sin2θ sin θ sin2θ

1 + cot2 θ = cosec2 θ

Three Basic Trigonometric Identities


1 2 3
sin2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 = 1 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃 = 1
sin2 θ = 1 − cos2 θ 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃
cos 2 θ = 1 − sin2 θ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 1 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃
Mind Map

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