PHYSICS - II B ELECTRIC FIELD AND POTENTIAL

SYNOPSIS xi) The net charge on a neutral body is zero and it

is equal to the sum of positive and negative
1. INTRODUCTION: charges,
Electricity :
i) The branch of physics in which the electric q = q+  q  0 (for a neutral body)
charges are studied is known as electricity. 3. PROPERTIES OF CHARGES
ii) There are two sub-branches of electricity. They i) Like charges repel and unlike charges attract
are (a) Electrostatics each other.
(b) Electrodynamics ii) A charged body attracts other uncharged
a) Electrostatics : unlike charged particles.
It is the branch of physics in which we study iii) The total charge of an isolated physical system
the charges at rest is always conserved.
or iv) The unit of charge is coulomb, other sub units
are  C, nC etc...
It is the branch of physics in which mutual
interactions among the stationary charges are v) Quantization of charge:
studied. a) Whatever may be the cause of origin of
b) Electrodynamics : charge on a body, it is always in the form
It is the branch of electricity in which the of an integral multiple of electronic charge
charges in motion are studied. and not its fraction, i.e. q   n e where n is
2. ELECTRIC CHARGE : an integer.
i) Electric charge is the property associated with b) If a body posseses n 1 protons and n 2
a body or a particle due to which it is able to electrons then net charge on it will be
produce as well as experience the electric and
magnetic effects. n1 e  n 2 e  n1  n 2  e
ii) It is a scalar. Its S.I. unit is coulomb. Its vi) Law of conservation of charge :
dimensional formula is M 0L0 T1 A1
a) The total net charge of an isolated physical
iii) Charges are of two types
system always remains constant.
(a) Positive charge
i.e q  q  q  cons tan t
(b) Negative charge
b) Charges can neither be created nor be
Positive Charge :
destroyed , rather these can be transferred
iv) When a body loses electrons, it is said to acquire from one body to another.
positive charge.
c) This law is applicable to all types of
v) The mass of a body some what decreases when charges(stationary or moving).
it is positively charged.
d) This law is applicable to all types of processes
vi) A glass rod gets positively charged on rubbing like nuclear, atomic, molecular ...etc.
it with silk.
vii) Charge is invarient i.e. independent of its
Negative Charge : velocity and also independent of frame of
vii) When a body gains electrons, it is said to reference.
acquire negative charge. Ex : In an atom protons are inside the nucleus
viii) When a negative charge is given to a body then but electrons are revolving outside the nucleus.
its mass increases. But net charge of an atom is zero.
ix) When an ebonite rod is rubbed with fur, it gets a) A stationary charge produces only electric
negatively charged. field
x) The root cause of two types of charges is the b) A charge in motion in free space produces
law of conservation of charge. both electric and magnetic fields.

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c) An accelerating charge not only produces 5. CHARGE DENSITY :

electric and magnetic fields but also radiates Charge density is three types. They are
energy in the form of electromagnetic waves. i) Linear charge density    : It is the charge
4. Methods of charging :
  
A body can be charged by the following per unit length.    
 

methods.  



i) By Friction : By rubbing two bodies togeter,   
Charge  
electrons transfer from one body to the other.   
 

Length   

In this, bodies acquire equal and unlike charges 
  
and mass of the bodies slightly changes. Its S.I. unit is C/m fig-I fig-II
Example : When a glass rod is rubbed with
Ex :– Charged straight wire,circular charged
silk cloth, glass acquires positive charge and
silk cloth acquires negative charge. ring
ii) By conduction :
a) If a charged conductor is kept in contact ii) Surface charge density    : It is the
with an uncharged conductor then the charge charge per unit surface area
transfer takes place between them until they
come to same potential. Charge
 Its S.I. unit C/m2
b) Conduction preceeds repulsion. Area
c) In conduction, both the bodies attain like 
 
   
charge and sharing of charges takes place.   
iii) By Induction : Separation of positive and   

 

negative charges in the neutral body when it is 
  
  
placed nearer to a charged body due to
polarisation of charges is called electrostatic Ex :– Plane sheet of charge, conducting
induction. sphere.
Q Q /
/
  Q 

  Q iii) Volume charge density    : It is the charge
   
    
  per unit volume
    


     Charge
        
Volume   
a) Opposite charge is induced at the nearer end     
and similar charge at the farther end. Its S.I. unit is C/m3   
  
b) Induction always preceeds attraction.
Ex: Charge on a dielectric sphere etc.,
c) If a conductor is charged by induction then
induced and inducing charges are equal in iv) Charge given to a conductor always resides on
magnitude but opposite. its outer surface.
v) If surface is uniform then the charge
d) If a dielectric is charged by induction then
distributes uniformly on the surface.
induced charge q1 is less than inducing charge
vi) In conductors having nonspherical surfaces, the
 1 surface charge density (  ) will be larger when
q. Induced charge, q  q 1  K 
1

  the radius of curvature is small.

where K is dielectric constant. 1

 
e) Charging a body by means of induction is radius
preferable since the same charged body can be vii) The working of lightening conductor is based
used to charge any number of bodies without on leakage of charge through sharp point due
loss of charge. to high surface charge density.

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6. COULOMB’S INVERSE SQUARE LAW iv) Principle of super position : the net force on a
The force of attraction or repulsion between two given charge is the vector sum of all individual
stationary point charges Q 1 and Q2 which are forces exerted by various charges separately.
separated by a distance ‘d’, in air or vacuum is
F  F12  F13  F14    F1n
given by
7. ELECTRIC FIELD - INTENSITY OF
1 Q1Q 2 ELECTRIC FIELD
Fair 
4 0 r 2 i) Electric field : The region of space around an
electric charge, in which its effect can be
where 0 is permittivity of free space or air and experienced is known as electric field.
0  8.85  1012 C2 / N  m2 . a) Uniform electric field: The electric
field, at every point of which a unit positive test
In vector form, charge expriences the same electric force is
 1 Q1Q2  1 Q1Q2 ^ known as a uniform electric field.
F 3
r r In a uniform electric field, the intensity is
40 r 40 r 2
same at every point both in magnitude and
r^ is the unit vector along the direction of force direction.
In a medium, Ex : Electric field between the plates of
parallel plate condenser.
1 Q1Q2 1 Q1Q2
Fmedium  2
 b) Non - uniform electric field: The
4 r 40K r 2 electric field, at different points of which a unit
Where  is the absolute permittivity of medium positive test charge experiences different forces
and K is dielectric constant or relative is known as non - uniform electric field.
permittivity or specific inductive capacity In a non-uniform electric field, the
(  r or K) intensity is different at different points.
Ex : Electric field due to a point charge.
 Fair
K  r  and also K  ii) Intensity of electric field :
0 Fmedium
The electric field intensity at any point in an
For air (or) vacuum, K = 1 electric field is defined as the force experienced
For all other insulating materials, K > 1 by a unit positive charge placed at that point.
For all conductors, K   E
 
+Q1 +Q2  
F2 r F1 q0
 F 
 
From figure F1   F2 (action-reaction pair)
The force experienced by a test charge q0 in
1 Q1Q2 an electric field of intensity E is given by
F1  F2 
4  0 r 2 F
F  E q0 E 
q0
i) Coulomb’s electrostatic force is a conservative
force. If q0 = 1 then E = F (numerically)
ii) Coulomb’s force is a central force. a) Intensity is a vector quantity.
iii) Force between two point charges is independent b) If q0 is positive charge then the force acting
of presence of other charges. on it is in the direction of the field.

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E E
q u
   
F  qE F  qE 
a b y

c) If q0 is negative then the direction of this x P
force is opposite to the field direction.
E
d) S.I unit of intensity of electric field is newton/
Along the horizontal direction, there is no
colomb (or) volt/meter.
acceleration and hence x = ut.
e) Its dimensional formula is M1 L1 T –3A–1 . Along the vertical direction, acceleration,
v) Motion of a charged particle in uniform F Eq
electric field : a  (here gravitational force is not
m m
a) A charged body of mass ‘m’ and charge ‘q’ considered)
is initially at rest in a uniform electric field 1  Eq  2
of intensity E. h) Hence vertical displacement, y   t
2 m 
The force acting on it, F = Eq 2
1  qE   x   qE  2
y      2mu 2  x
+ E - 2  m  u   
+ -
+ -
+ q - i) At any instant of time t, horizontal
-
+ - component of velocity , vx  u
+ -
j) vertical componet of velocity
Here the direction of F is in the direction of
field if ‘q’ is + ve and opposite to the field  Eq 
vy  at   t
if ‘q’ is –ve.  m
b) The body travels in straight line path with E 2 q2t 2
 v v  vx2  vy2  u 2 
F Eq m2
uniform acceleration, a   , initial
m m vi) Null point (or) Neutral Point : The point where
velocity, u= 0. the resultant electric field intensity becomes zero
At an instant of time t , is called a null point.

 Eq  a) If two like charges q1 and q2 are separated

c) Its final velocity, v  u  at   t by a distance ‘d’ as shown in the figure then
 m 
null point ‘N’ will be formed in between
1 2 1  Eq  2 them and nearer to charge of smaller
d) Displacement s  ut  at   t magnitude.
2 2 m  q1 N q2
e) Momentum, P  mv  ( Eq)t

x (d-x)
1 2 1 E q  2 2 2 d
x
f) Kinetic energy, K.E = mv   t q2
2 2 m  x is from q1 .
 1,
q1
g) When a charged particle enters
In the above case, if q1 = q2 then null point
perpendicularly into a uniform electric field
will be formed at the mid point of the line
of intensity E with a velocity u then it
joining the charges.
describes parabolic path as shown in figure.

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b) If two unlike charges q1 and q2 (q1 < q2 in b) Suspension of charge from string
magnitude ) are separated by a distance ‘d’ If a charged body is suspended from a string in
as shown in the figure then null point N will horizontal electric field and is in equilibrium
be formed outside the system of charges and Tcos
on the line joining them and nearer to charge
of smaller magnitude. T E
 
d N + q1 - q2  F=Eq
x  then Tsin
q2 d
1 x
q1 (d+x) W=mg

In the above case, if q1 = q2 then there is no T cos   mg and T sin   Eq

possibility for the null point.
Eq
c) In the above formulae, the magnitudes of q1 Tan   and T  Eq2  mg2
and q2 should be taken without sign. mg
8. EQUILIBRIUM OF CHARGES
c) System of three collinear charges
i) A charge is said to be in equilibrium, if net force In the following figure three charges Q1,Q and
acting on it is zero. A system of charges is said Q2 are kept along a straight line.
to be in equilibrium if each charge is separately
in equilibrium. Q1 Q Q2
Equilibrium can be divided into following types. x1 x2
a) Stable equilibrium : After displacing a x
charged particle from its equilibrium Charge Q will be in equilibrium if and only if
position, if it returns back then it is said to (Force applied by charge Q1) = (Force ap-
be in stable equilibrium. plied by charge Q2 )
b) Unstable equilibrium : After displacing a
charged particle from its equilibrium
1 Q1Q 1 Q2 Q
i.e 2

position, if it never returns back then it is 4 0 x1 4 0 x22
said to be in unstable equilibrium 2
Q x 
c) Neutral equilibrium : After displacing a  1  1
charged particle from its equilibrium position Q2  x2 
if it neither comes back, nor moves away This is necessary condition for Q to be in equi-
but remains in the position in which it was librium. If all the three charges (Q1, Q and Q2)
kept, is said to be in neutral equilibrium are similar, Q will be in stable equilibrium.
ii) Different cases of equilibrium of charges: d) Two identical charged spheres of same mass
are suspended by strings of same length from
a) Freely floating charge in air
same point .
If a charged body or oil drop of mass m
and charge q is in equilibrium in an electric field a) They arrange themselves and come to
of intensity E then its weight is balanced by equilibrium as shown in figure (stable
equilibrium).
electrostatic force. F  QE
In equilibrium  
E 
 
Q
QE = mg T T
mg F F
E x
Q mg W W

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1 q2 F W T d) If a charged pendulum is oscillating on a

F 2 ,
  charged plate the electic filed is vertically
4 o x  sin   cos   upwards or downwards as in case a or case b
b) If the arrangement is immersed in a non ii) Charged circular ring : A thin stationary ring
conducting liquid of dielectric constant K if of radius R has a positive charge +Q unit. If a
the distance between the bobs remains same negative charge –q (mass m) is placed on its
then  is constant. axis at a small distance x from the centre. Then
F W motion of the particle will be simple hormonic
1
 1 motion.
F W
mg dB 10. ELECTRIC LINES OF FORCE :
K  
 d  dB  d
mg  1  
 dB 
c) If the above arrangement is kept in an
artificial satellite  W1  0 then   180 º
and Tension in each string,
+q +q (A) Radially outward) (B) Radially inward)
1 q2
T
4 o  2 2 1800
+ - + +
9. TIME PERIOD OF OSCILLATION OF A
CHARGED BODY :
i) Simple pendulum: (C) (D)
a) A charge q is given to the bob of a simple
pendulum and an electric field is applied in i) Line of force is the path along which a unit
the downward direction then. +ve charge accelerates in electric field.
E
ii) Lines of force diverge from positive charge

 and converge to negative charge.
T  2 q iii) The tangent at any point to the line of force
 Eq 
g  m  gives the direction of the field at that point.
  mg  Eq
iv) Lines of force never intersect.
b) If electric field is applied horizontally then v) Lines of force have tendency to contract
longitudinally and repel laterally.
 E
T  2 vi) Number of lines of force passing normally
2 2 
g a q through unit area around a point is numerically
Eq
equal to electric field intensity E at that point.
 Eq  At points where lines of force are crowded, the
where a    mg
m electric field is strong. At points where they are
far apart, the electric field is weak.
c) If a charge is placed at the point of
suspension and no electric field is applied
then time period does not change.
X Y X Y
q


T  2 
g q
q (A) EX=EY (B) EX>EY
Here electrostatic force
does not provide any component mg vii) In uniform electric field, lines of force are
to restoring force. Hence time period remains straight and parallel to one another and in non-
same. uniform field they are not in parallel.
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11. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ELECTRIC c) Due to an isolated positive charge, the

AND MAGNETIC LINES OF FORCES : potential is positive.
i) Electric lines are not closed loops while d) Due to an isolated negative charge, the
magnetic lines are always closed loops. potential is negative.
q vi) Principle of superposition :
 E ds   o
and  B ds  0 Due to several point charges, the net potential
at a point is obtained by the principle of
ii) Electric lines do not exist inside a charged superposition.
conductor but magnetic lines may exist inside
The electric potential at a point due to a
a magnetic material.
group of point charges q1 , q2 , ....., qn , which
iii) Electric lines leave normally or end normally are at distances r 1 , r 2 , r 3 , .......r n from the
on the surface of a charged conductor but point is given by
magnetic lines may not leave or end normally.
12. ELECTRIC POTENTIAL : 1 n qi
V = V1 + V2 + .....+ Vn = 
40 i1 ri
i) Electric potential at a point in an electric field
is the amount of workdone in bringing a unit The above sum is the algebraic sum but not
positive charge from infinity to that point along the vector sum.
any arbitrary path against the intensity of electric
vii) Potential difference :
field.
a) In an electric field , the potential difference
If W is the workdone in bringing a test
between two points is defined as the work
charge q0 from infinity to a point then the
done in moving a unit positive charge from
potential at that point, V=W/q0
one point to the other against the electric
ii) Electric potential at a point is numerically equal field.
to the electric potential energy of a unit positive
charge placed at that point. q E VB Vc
iii) Electric potential is a scalar quantity. Its S.I.
unit is volt. A B C
iv) Electric potential is analogous quantity to b) If a positive charge q0 is moving from B to
temperature in heat and pressure in hydrostatics. C itself in uniform electric field then work is
v) Electric potential due to a point charge : done by the electric field and

W = VC  V B  q 0  V BC q 0  V=W/q0
+q d q0 c) If q0 is kept at B and released then it gains

P E kinetic energy when it reaches the point C.
From work energy theorem,
Gain in KE = work done
a) In air or free space, the electric potential at a final K.E. at C – initial K.E. at B =
distance ‘d’ from a point charge q is given work done

by, V 
1 q. 1
4  o d i.e., mv2 = Vq0
2
viii) Relation between electric field strength and
1 q
b) In a medium, V1  . potential difference :
4o K d a) Let A and B be the two points separated by a
By the presence of a medium, the potential distance d in a uniform electric field as shown
decreases. in figure

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b) The work done in moving a charge q0 from

B to A against the field, W = q0 V
 
 E 
 
  +Q -Q
 A d B

 
  d) The bisector is equipotential and zero
 
potential line.
Also work done, W = Fd = (q0 E) d e) Work done in moving a charge on this line
v is zero.
ie E =
d 13. EQUIPOTENTIAL SURFACES :
c) Intensity of electric field is the negative i) For a given charge distribution, the locus of all
dV points having same potential is called
potential gradient, E  
dr “equipotential surface”.
d) Also, dV   E . dr ii) The density of the equipotential lines gives an
idea about the magnitude of electric field.
Here –ve sign indicates that the value of V Higher the density larger the field strength.
decreases in the direction of E. iii) The direction of electric field is perpendicular
e) The potential difference between the points to the equipotential surfaces or lines.
A and B in an electric field is equal to the iv) The equipotential surfaces produced by a point
negative line integral of electric field from charge or a spherical charge distribution are a
initial point A to final point B family of concentric spheres.
B

VB  VA    E . d V = V2

V1 V2 V3 V4 V5
A
V = V1
ix) Zero potential point
a) Two unlike charges Q1 and –Q2 are seperated
by a distance d. The net potential is zero at two 
points P1 &P2 on the line joining them.P 1 lies Equipotential
Spherical E.P.S V1>V2>V3>V4>V5 surface
For a point charge
in between them and P2 lies outside and nearer
to the weaker charge in magnitude. v) For an uniform electric field, the equipotential
surfaces are a family of planes perpendicular to
Q1 -Q2
the field lines.
P2  y  x  P1 vi) A metallic surface of any shape is an
d
equipotential surface.
Q1 Q2 vii) Equipotential surfaces can never cross each
At P1. 
x  d  x other.
Q1 Q2 viii) The work done in moving a charge along an
At P2,  equipotential surface is always zero.
y  d  y
In the equations, the magnitudes of Q1 and Q2 14. ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL ENERGY
should be taken. i) Work done in bringing the given charge from
b) Two unlike equal charges +Q and –Q are infinity to a point in the electric field is known
seperated by a distance as potential energy of the charge.The electric
c) The net electric potential is zero on the potential energy of a system of charges is equal
perpendicular bisector of the line joining the to the work done in bringing the charges from
charges. infinity to form the system.

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ii) If two charges q 1 and q2 are separated by a left free from rest. When it goes to infinity its
distance d, the P.E. of the system is KE is given by
1 q 1q 2
U = 4  1 2 1 Qq
o d mv 
2 4 o d
iii) If two like charges are brought towards each
viii) Similarly, A charge Q is fixed and another small
other, the P.E. of the system increases.
charge q is coming from infinity with velocity
iv) If two unlike charges are brought towards each v then distance of closest approach is given by
other, the P.E. of the system decreases.
1 2 1 Qq
b) If three charges q1, q2 and q3 are situated mv 
2 4 o d
at the vertices of a triangle (as shown in the
figure), the P.E. of the system is where d is the distance of closest approach.
q1 EXEXEEXERCISE-IERCIS i
1. Due to the motion of a charge,its magnitude
d1 d3 1) changes (ATB)
2) does not change
3) increases (or)decreases depends on its
q2 d2 q3 speed
U = U12 + U23 + U31 4) can not be predicted
2. Induction preceeds attraction because (ATB)
1
 q1q2 q2 q3 q3q1  1) an unchaged body can attract an uncharged
=    
4 0
 d1 d2 d3  body due to induction of opposite charge
on it
v) Two charged bodies q1 and q2 are separated 2) a charged body can attract an uncharged
by a distance ‘ d1 ’. The work to be done inorder body due to induction of same charge on it.
to decrease the distance to d2 is given by work 3) a charged body can attract an uncharged
done = change in PE body due to induction of opposite charge
on it.
1 q1 q2 1 q1 q2
W  4) a charged body can attract another charged
4 o d2 4 o d1 body due to induction of same charge on it
vi) Two identical charged bodies are at rest 3. When charge is given to a body
separated by a distance d. If they are left free
1) more charge accumulates at regions of small
then they gain K.E. when the separation
curvature
increases.
2) more charge accumulates at regions of large
loss in PE of system = gain in KE of both the
curvature
bodies
3) charge is distributed uniformly irrespective
When they go to infinite,
of curvature
1 q1 q2 1 1 4) none of the above is true
 mv2  mv2
4 o d 2 2 4. A soap bubble is given a negative charge, then
its radius. (MNT 1988)
1 2 1 q1 q2 1) Decreases 2) Increases
 KE of each body, 2 mv  8  d
o 3) Remains unchanged
vii) A charge Q is held fixed. Another charged body 4) Nothing can be predicted as information is
of charge q and mass m is at a distance ‘d’ and insufficient

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5. The coulomb electrostatic force is defined for 12. The electric field at a point on equatorial line
1) two spherical charges at rest ( ATB) of a dipole and direction of the dipole moment
2) two spherical charges in motion 1) will be parallel
3) two point charges in motion 2) will be in opposite direction
4) two point charges at rest 3) will be perpendicular 4) Are not related

 F
6. The law, governing the force between electric
13. The Eleetric field is given by E  , here
charges is known as (CPMT 72 ; MP PMT 04) q0
1) Ampere’s law 2) Ohm’s law the test charge 'q0' should be (ATB)
a) Infinitesimally small and positive
3) Faraday’s law 4) Coulomb’s law
b) Infinitesimally small and negative
7. The electrostatic force between two charges 1) only a 2) only 'b'
Q1 and Q2 at seperation r is given by 3) a (or) b 4) neither 'a' or 'b'
K.Q 1 Q 2
F= . The constant K (CPMT) 14. The pair of particles which have same
r2 acceleration in a uniform electric field is
1) depends on the system of units only 1) Proton and Deutron
2) depends on the medium between the charges 2) Proton and alpha particle
only 3) Electron and Positron
3) depends on both the medium between the 4) Deutron and alpha particle
charges and the system of units
15. An electron is projected with certain velocity
4) is independent of both the system of units
into an electric field in a direction opposite to
and the medium between the charges the field. Then it is
8. The electrostatic force between protons is how 1) accelerated 2) retarded
many times stronger than gravitational force. 3) neither accelerated nor retarded
1) 1034 2) 1035 3)10 36 4) 1037 4) either accelerated or retarded
9. Identify the wrong statement in the following. 16. A simple pendulum of period T has a metal
Coulomb’s law correctly describes the electric bob which is negatively charged. If it is allowed
force that (DCET 2005) to oscillate above a positively charged metal
1) Binds the electrons of an atom to its nucleus plate, its period will be
2) Binds the protons and neutrons in the nucleus (AIEEE 2002; CBSE PMT 2001)
of an atom 1) Remains equal to T 2) Less than T
3) Binds atoms together to form molecules 3) Greater than T 4) Infinite
4) Binds atoms and molecules together to form 17. A positive charge and a negative charge are
solids initially at rest. If same electric field is applied
on them.
10. When a brass plate is introduced between two
1) both have accelerated motions in the direction
charges, the force between the charges
of the field
1) decreases 2) increases
2) both have retarded motions in the direction
3) remains same 4) becomes zero of the field
11. A charge q 1 exerts some force on a second 3) positive charge has accelerated motion in the
charge q2. If third charge q3 is brought near, direction of the field and negative charge has
the force of q1 exerted on q2 also accelerated motion but in a direction
opposite to that of the field
1) Decreases 2) Increases
4) Positive charge has accelerated motion in a
3) Remains unchanged
direction opposite to that of the field and
4) Increases if q3 is of the same sign as q1 and negative charge has also accelerated motion
decreases if q3 is of opposite sign. but in the direction of the field.
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18. If E is the electric field intensity of an 24. A metallic sphere is placed in a uniform
electrostatic field, then the electrostatic energy electric field. The lines of force follow the path
density is proportional to (MP PMT-2003) shown in the figures as (IIT)
1) E 2) E2 3) 1/E2 4) E3
1) 1
19. The path of a charged particle projected into 1 1
a uniform transverse electric field is 2) 2
2 2
1) circle 2) hyperbola 3) 3 3 3
3) parabola 4) ellipse 4 4
4) 4
20. A positively charged particle moving along
x - axis with a certain velocity enters a uniform 25. Two vertical metallic plates carrying equal and
electric field directed along positive y - axis. opposite charges are kept parallel to each
Its (AMU (Engg) 2001) other like a parallel plate capacitor. A small
spherical metal ball is suspended by a long
1) Vertical velocity changes but horizontal
insulated thread such that it hangs freely in
velocity remains constant
the centre of the two metallic plates. The ball
2) Horizontal velocity changes but vertical which is uncharged is taken slowly towards
velocity remains constant the positively charged plate and is made to
3) Both vertical and horizontal velocities change touch that plate. Then the ball will (IIT)
4) Neither vertical nor horizontal velocity changes 1) stick to the positively charged plate
21. Two point charges +Q and –Q are seperated 2) come back to its original position and will
by a certain distance. The resultant electric remain there
field is parallel to the line joining the charges 3) oscillate between the two plates touching
at the points each plate in turn
1) on the line joining the charges 4) oscillate between the two plates without
2) on the perpendicular bisector of the line touching them
joining the charges
26. If the electric lines of force are as shown in
3) both of the above 4) none of the above the figure and electric intensity at A and B are
22. Two point charges +Q and +Q are seperated EA and EB respectively then
by a certain distance. The resultant electric 1) EA < EB
field is
2) EA > EB
1) zero at the mid point of the line joining the A B
charges 3) EA = EB
2) parallel to the perpendicular bisector of the 4) EA = EB= 0
line joining the charges at any point on the
27. A point charge is kept at the centre of a metallic
bisector
insulated spherical shell. Then
3) zero at any point on the bisector in a direction
(Orissa JEE 2003)
parallel to the line joining the charges
1) Electric field out side the sphere is zero
4) All the above are true
2) Electric field inside the sphere is zero
23. The worng statement about electric lines of 3) Net induced charge on the sphere is zero
force is (RPMT 2002) 4) Electric potential inside the sphere is zero
1) These originate from positive charge and end 28. Electric lines of force always leave an
on negative charge equipotential surface
2) They do not intersect each other at a point 1) at any angle to the surface
3) They have the same form for a point charge 2) parallel to the surface
and a sphere 3) perpendicular to the surface
4) They have physical existence 4) Parallel or perpendicular to the surface
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29. Three positive charges of equal value q are 35. When a body is earth connected, electrons
placed at vertices of an equilateral triangle. from the earth flow into the body. This means
The resulting lines of force should be sketched the body is initially (KCET 2004)
as in 1) Unchanged 2) Charged positively
3) Charged negatively 4) An insulator
1) 2) 3) 4) 36. Electric potential at some point in space is zero.
Then at that point
30. The p.d (VB – VC ) between two points from 1) electric intensity is necessarily zero
C to B (ATB) 2) electric intensity is necessarily non zero
1) does not depend on the path 3) electric intensity may or may not be zero
2) depends on the path
4) electric intensity is necessarily infinite
3) independent of path
4) independent of electric field 37. An electron enters into high potential region
V2 from lower potential region V 1 then its
31. Choose the correct statement velocity (MP PMT 2003)
1) A zero potential point is always a zero electric 1) Will increase
intensity point 2) Will change in direction of field
2) A zero electric intensity point is always a zero 3) No change in direction of field
potential point
4) No change in direction perpendicular to field
3) At a point of zero electric intensity electric
potential may not be zero 38. At each corner of an equilateral triangle
4) all the above identical charges are placed. Then
1) at the centre of the triangle the resultant
32. A charge Q is at the centre of a semicircle of
electric intensity is zero
diameter AB. If work done in moving a charge
2) at the centre of the triangle the net electric
q along the semicircle is W1 and workdone in
moving the same charge q along the path ACB potential is zero
is W2, then 3) the electrostatic potential energy of the
system is zero
1) W1 > W2 B A
Q 4) the resultant electric intensity at any corner
2) W1 < W2 is zero
C
3) W1 = W2 = 0 4) W1 = W2  0 39. On the perpendicular bisector of an electric
33. If two conducting spheres are seperately dipole, the electric intensity E and potential V
charged and then brought into contact(AIIMS) are
1) The total energy of the spheres is conserved 1) E = 0, V = 0 2) E  0, V  0
2) The total charge on the spheres is conserved 3) E  0, V = 0 4) E = 0, V  0
3) Both the total energy and charge are 40. Charges +q,-q,+q,-q are placed on the vertices
conserved
of a square ABCD respectively. Let E be the
4) The final potential is always the mean of the
electric field and V the potential at the centre.
original potential of the two spheres
If the charges on A and B are interchanged
34. A cube of a metal is given a positive charge Q. with those on D and C respectively, then :
For the above system, which of the following (AIEEE 2007)
statements is true (MP PET 2001)
1) E remains unchanged, V changes
1) Electric potential at the surface of the cube is zero
2) both E and V charge
2) Electric potential within the cube is zero
3) Electric field is normal to the surface of the cube 3) E and V remain unchanged
4) Electric field varies within the cube 4) E changes, V remains unchanged

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41. A small uncharged metallic sphere is positioned 45. Which of the following statements are
exactly at a point midway between two equal correct ? (ATB)
and opposite point charges. If the sphere is a) The electrostatic force does not depend on
slightly displaced towards the positive charge medium in which the charges are placed
and released, then b) The electrostatic force between two charges
does not exist in vacuum
1) It will move further towards the positive
c) The gravitational force between masses can
charge
be usually neglected in comparision with
2) Its potential energy will decrease and kinetic electrostatic force
energy will increase d) Any excess charge given to a coductor, not
3) The total energy remains constant but is non- always resides on the outer surface of the
zero conductor.
4) All the above are correct 1) both a & c 2) only 'c'
42. In the diagram A and B are two metal plates 3) both c & d 4) all
arranged as shown. A small particle having a 46. The property of the electric line of force
mass m and a negative charge q is held at rest a) The tangent to the line of force at any point
at P. A constant P.D. is applied between A and is parallel to the direction of 'E' at that point
B (Plate A is at high potential). The particle is b) No two lines of force intersect each other
then released. Its path, as it falls, will be best
1) both 'a & 'b' 2) only 'a' (ATB)
represented by the curve
3) only 'b' 4) 'a' (or) 'b
47. Out of the two following statements
A) Two like charges can only produce a null
(NCERT) point.
A P B
B) Due to two opposite charges infinite number
of zero potential points are formed
1) A is correct B is wrong
1) 2) 3) 4) 2) A is wrong and B is correct
3) Both A and B are wrong
4) Both A and B are Correct
43. In the electric field of a point charge Q a
certain charge is carried from point A to B, 48. A force between the two stationary charges
C, D and E. Then the work done is (Q is at the separated by certain distance
centre of the circle) (NCERT) a) obeys Newton's third law
b) is a central force
1) least along the path AB A
c) is non conservative force
2) least along the path AD
d) is a scalar
3) zero along any one of the E 1) a is correct 2) a & b are correct
B Q
paths AB, AC, AD and AE 3) a & c are correct 4) c & d are correct
C D
4) least along AE 49. Identify the correct order of the following
44. When a negative charge is taken to a height particles when arranged in the decreasing
from earth’s surface, then its potential energy order of KE when moved for same time in the
same electric field.
(DPMT 2002)
i) electron ii) proton
1) Decreases 2) Increases
iii) deutron iv) tritium
3) Remains unchanged
1) ii, i, iii, iv 2) ii, iii, iv, i
4) Will become infinity 3) i, ii, iii, iv 4) iii, iv, ii, i

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50. Which of the following statements are correct. 52. A proton and an electron are projected parallel
a) Electric lines of force are just imaginary to an electric field. Then
lines a) both experience same aceleration
b) Electric lines of force will be parallel to the b) both experience same magnitude of force
surface of conductor c) both gain same KE for a given time
c) If the lines of force are crowded ,then field
d) both gain same KE while travel through
is strong
same distance
d) Electric lines of force are closed loops
1) a & b are correct 2) c & d are correct
1) both a & c 2) both b & d (ATB)
3) a & c are correct 4) b & d are correct
3) only 'a' 4) all
53. Out of the following statements
51. Out of the following two statements
A) three charge system can not have zero
A) As we move in the direction of the field
mutual potential energy
potential goes on decreasing
B) The mutual potential energy of a system of
B) If a charged body is moved within the field
charges is only due to positive charges
work must be done by field.
1) A is wrong and B is correct
1) A is correct and B is wrong
2) A is correct and B is wrong
2) A is wrong and B is correct
3) Both A and B are correct
3) Both A and B are correct
4) Both A and B are wrong
4) Both A and B are wrong

54. Match list–I with List–II

List–I List–II
a) proton and electron e) gains same velocity in an electric field for same time
b) proton and positron f) gains same KE in an electric field for same time
c) Deutron and  -particle g) experience same force in electric field
d) electron and positron h) gains same KE when accelerated by same potential
difference.
1) a – h, b – g, c – e, d – f 2) a – h, b – g, c – f, d – e
3) a – g, b – h, c – e, d – f 4) a – e, b – f, c – g, d – h

55. Match list–I with List–II

List–I List–II
a) Electric potential inside a charged e) inversly proportional to square of the distance (r2 )
conducting sphere
b) Electric potential outside the f) directly proportional to distance (r) from the
conducting charged sphere centre
c) Electric field inside the non conducting g) constant
charged sphere
d) Electric field outside a h) inversly proportional to distance (r)
conducting charged sphere
1) a – f, b – e, c – g, d – h 2) a – e, b – f, c – h, d – g
3) a – h, b – g, c – e, d – f 4) a – g, b – h, c – f, d – e

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56. Match the following

List–I List–II
a) Fluid fiow d) Temperature difference
b) Heat flow e) Pressure difference
c) Charge flow f) Potential difference
1) a – e , b – d, c – f 2) a – d , b – e , c – f
3) a - f , b – e, c - d 4) a – e , b - f , c– d
57. Match list–I with List–II
List–I List–II
a) Two like charges are brought nearer e) the force between them decreases
b) Two unlike charges are brought nearer f) potential energy of the system increases
c) When a third charge of some nature is g) mutual forces are not affected
placed equidistant from two like charges
d) When a dielectric medium is introduced h) potential energy of the system decreases
between two charges
1) a – h, b – f, c – g, d – e 2) a – f, b – h, c – g, d – e
3) a – h, b – f, c – e, d – g 4) a – g, b – e, c – f, d – h

ASSERTION & REASON 61. A : Electric and gravitational fields are acting
In each of the following questions, a statement along same line. When proton and  -
of Assertion (A) is given followed by a
particle are projected up vertically along
corresponding statement of Reason (R) just
below it. Of the statement mark the correct that line, the time of flight is less for proton.
answer. R : In the given electric field acceleration of a
1) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct charged particle is directly proportional to
explanation of ‘A’. specific charge
2) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is not the
correct explanation of ‘A’ 62. A : When a proton with certain energy moves
3)‘A’ is true and ‘R’ is false from low potential to high potential then
4) ‘A’ is false and ‘R’ is true its KE decreases.
58. A :Coulomb force between charges is central R : The direction of electric field is opposite to
force the potential gradient and work is done
R :Coulomb force depends an medium between against the field.
charges
59. A : Two particles of same charge projected with 63. A : A circle is drawn with a point positive
different velocity normal to electric field charge (+q) at its centre. The work done
experience same force in taking a unit positive charge once
R : A charged particle experiences force, around it is zero
independent of velocity in electric field R : Displacement of unit positive charge is zero
60. A : The coulomb force is the dominating force
in the universe 64. A : Electric potential at any point on the
R : The coulomb force is stronger than the equatorial line of electric dipole is zero.
gravitational force. (AIIMS 2003) R : Electric potential is scalar

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65. A : The potential at any point due to a group ANSWERS

of 'N' point charges is simply arrived at by
the principle of superposition 1) 2 2) 3 3) 2 4) 2 5) 4
R : The potential energy of a system of two 6) 4 7) 3 8) 3 9) 2 10) 4
charges is a scalar quantity (ATB) 11) 3 12) 2 13) 1 14) 4 15) 1
66. A : In bringing an electron towards a proton 16) 2 17) 3 18) 2 19) 3 20) 1
electrostatic potential energy of the system
21) 3 22) 4 23) 4 24) 4 25) 3
increases.
26) 2 27) 3 28) 3 29) 3 30) 1
R :Potential due to proton is positive.
31) 3 32) 3 33) 3 34) 3 35) 2
67. A :The surface of a conductor is an
36) 3 37) 1 38) 1 39) 3 40) 3
equipotential surface
41) 3 42) 2 43) 3 44) 3 45) 2
R :Conductor allows the flow of charge
46) 1 47) 2 48) 2 49) 3 50) 1
68. A : The strength of the electric field in the
charged and isolated capacitor is decreased 51) 1 52) 4 53) 4 54) 1 55) 4
when dielectric slab is inserted. 56) 1 57) 2 58) 2 59) 1 60) 4
R : When dielectric slab is inserted between 61) 1 62) 1 63) 2 64) 2 65) 2
the plates of a charged capacitor, electric 66) 4 67) 2 68) 1 69) 2 70) 1
field is generated due to induced charge,
opposite to external field.
69. Two charges + q and – q are kept apart. Then
EXERCISE - IIA i
(CLASS WORK)
at any point on the right bisector of line joining
the two charges (2008-E) COULOMB’S INVERSE SQUARE LAW
1) the electric field strength is zero 1. How many electrons must be removed from
2) the electric potential is zero a piece of metal to give it a positive charge of
3) both electric potential and electric field 1.0 × 10–7 C.
strength are zero
1) 6.251011 2) 62.51011
4) both electric potential and electric field
3) 62.51011 4) 6251011
strength are non – zero
70. Statement-1:- For a charged particle moving 2. A proton and an electron are placed 1.6 cm
from point P to point Q, the net work done by apart in free space. Find the magnitude of
an electrostatic field on the particle is electrostatic force between them. What is the
independent of the path connecting point P to nature of this force.
point Q. (2009-AIEEE) 1) 9 × 10–25 repulsion
Statement-2: The net work done by a 2) 90 × 10–25 repulsion
conservative force on an object moving along 3) 9 × 10–25 N; attractive
a closed loop is zero 4) 9 × 1025 attractive
1) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true,
3. Two identical copper spheres are separated
Statement-2 is the correct explanation of
by 1m in vacuum. How many electrons would
statement-1.
have to be removed from one sphere and
2) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true,
added to the other so that they now attract
Statement-2 is not the correct explanation of
each other with a force of 0.9 N ?
statement-1.
1) 6.25 × 1015 2) 62.5 × 1015
3) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true.
3) 6.25 × 1013 4) 0.65 × 1013
4) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false.
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4. The force between two electrons when placed 11. A pith ball of mass 9 × 10–5 kg carries a charge
in air is equal to 0.5 times the weight of an of 5C . What must be charge in another pith
electron. find the distance between two ball placed directly 2 cm above the given pith
electrons (mass of electron= 9.1×10 –31 kg) ball such that they are held in equilibrium ?
1) 2.285 m 2) 72 cm 1) 3  2  10 11 C 2) 7  84  10 12 C
3) 72 m 4) 720 m 3) 1 2  10 13 C 4) 1 6  10 19 C
5. Two charged particles having charge 12. N fundamental charges each of charge ‘q’ are
2.0 × 10–8 C. each are joined by an isolating to be distributed as two point charges
string of length 1 m and the system is kept on seperated by a fixed distance, then the
a smooth horizontal task. Find the tension in maximum to minimum force bears a ratio
the string. (N is even and greater than 2)
1) 36106 N 2) 3.6106 N
N  12 4N 2
4) 3.610 N
6 1) 2)
3) 3610 N 6
N  1
4N 2
6. Two electrons separated by distance 'r'
experience a force F between them. The force
N2 2N 2
3) 4)
between a proton and a singly ionized helium 4N  1 N  1
atom separated by distance 2r is 13. Two point charges placed at a distance r, in
(2002-EAMCET(E) the air experience a certain force, then the
1) 4F 2) 2F 3) F/2 4) F/4 distance at which they will experience the
7. Two charges of equal magnitude and at a same force in the medium of dielectric
distance ‘r’ exert a force F on each other. If constant K is
the charges are halved and distance between r r
them is doubled, then the new force acting on 1)Kr 2) 3) 4) r K
K K
each charge is
1) F/8 2) F/4 3) 4F 4) F/16 14. Two charges 2 c and 6 c are seperated by a
finite distance. If a charge of - 4c is added to
8. Four point charge of +10–7C, –10–7C, –2×10–7C
each of them, the initial force of 12×103N will
and +2×10–7C are placed respectively at the
change to (2005-EAMCET(E)
corners A, B, C, D of a 0.05m square. Find
the magnitude of the resultant force on the 1) 4  103 N repusion 2) 4  10 2 N repulsion
charge at D. 3) 6  103 N attraction 4) 4  103 N attraction
1) 0.2 dyne 2) 0.2 newton
15 Two small balls having equal positive charge
3) 2dyne 4) 0.02newton
Q C on each are suspended by two insulating
9. Two positive charges seperated by a distance strings of equal length L metre, from a hook
2m each other with a force of 0.36 N. If the fixed to a stand. The whole setup is taken into
combined charge is 26  C, the charges are space where there is no gravity(state of
1) 20  C, 6  C 2) 16  C,10  C weightlessness).Then the angle  between the
3) 18  C, 8  C 4) 13  C,13  C two strings is

10. A Copper atom has 29 electrons revolving 1) 00 2) 900

around the nucleus. A copper ball contains 3) 1800 4) 00    1800
4 × 1023 atoms. What fraction of the electrons *16. The force betwen two similar charges of
be removed to give the ball a charge of
magnitude 2C each separated by a distance
9  6C ? 2 km
1) ~1 8  10 13 2) ~1 310 12 1) 9 N 2) 9103 N
3) 6  10 10 4) ~ 5  2  10 12 3) 300 N 4) 50 N

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*17. Two charges 2 C and 1C are placed at a 24. Three small spheres each carrying a positive
distance of 10 cm. The position of third charge Q are placed on the circumference of
charge from 2 C between them so that it a circle of radius to form an equilateral
does not experience any force triangle. The electric field intensity at the
1) 7 cm 2) 2 cm 3) 5.858 cm 4) 8 cm centre of the circle will be.
INTENSITY OF ELECTRIC FIELD 3Q 3Q 1 Q
1) 2) 3) 4) Zero
r2 r v2 r2
18 Deutron and  - particle are put 1A apart
in Air. Magnitude of intensity of electric field 25. The electric field in a region is radially out
due to deutron at  - particle is ( N/ C ) ward with magnitude E = Ar. Find the charge
contained in a sphere of radius 20 cm. Given
1) Zero 2) 2.881011
A = 100Vm2 .
3) 1.441011 4) 5.761011 1) 8.891011 C 2) 91011 C
19 Two point charges Q and -3Q are placed at 3) 8.891011 C 4) 88.91011 C
some distance apart. If the electric field at the 26 A sphere of mass 50gm is suspended by a

location of Q is E , the field at the location of string in an electric field of intensity 5NC–1
–3Q is   acting vertically upward. If the tension in the
  E E string is 520 millinewton, the charge on the
1) E 2)  E 3)  4)  sphere is (g = 10ms –2 )
3 3
1) 4  10–3 C 2) –4  10–3 C
20 The electric field at (30, 30) cm due to a charge
of –8 nC at the origin in NC 1 is 3) 8  10–3 C 4) –8  10–3 C

1) – 400 ( i  j) 2) 400 ( i  j) 27. A and B are two points separated by a

distance 5cm. Two charges 10C and 20C
3) – 200 2 ( i  j) 4) 200 2 ( i  j) are placed at A and B. The resultant electric
21 Two charges 4 × 10–9 C and –16 × 10–9 C are intensity at a point P outside the charges at a
separated by a distance 20 cm in air. The distance 5cm from 10C is
position of the neutral point from the small 1) 54 x 106 N/Caway from 10  C
charge is 2) 56 x 106 N/C towards 10  C
1) 40/3 cm 2) 20/3cm 3) 9 x 106 N/C away from 10  C
3) 20 cm 4) 10/3cm
4) zero
22. The number of electrons to be put on a
28 At the corners A, B, C of a square ABCD,
spherical conductor of radius 0.1 m to produce
an electric field of 0.036 N/C just above its charges 10mC, –20mC and 10mC are placed.
surface is The electric intensity at the centre of the
(MNR -94, KCET (E)-99, MH CET (M)-01) square to become zero, the charge to be placed
1) 2.7  105 2) 2.6  105 at the corner D is
1) –20mC 2) +20mC 3) 30mC 4) –30mC
3) 2.5  105 4) 2.4  105
29 A charged oil drop is suspended in uniform
23 The magnitude of electric intensity at a
field of 3 × 104 V/m so that it neither falls nor
distance 'x' from a charge 'q' is E. An identical
rises. The charge on the drop will be (take
charge is placed at a distance '2x' from it.
Then the magnitude of the force it experience the mass of the charge = 9.9×10 –15 kg &
is [2001-M] g=10 m/s2 ) (AIEEE-2004 )
Eq Eq 1) 3.3 × 10–18 C 2) 3.2 × 10–18 C
1) Eq 2) 2Eq 3)
2
4)
4 3) 1.6 × 10–18 C 4) 4.8 × 10–18 C

64 AKASH MULTIMEDIA
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30 A particle of mass 'm' and charge q is placed 36 Two electric charges of 9 C and 3 C aree
at rest in a uniform electric field E and then
placed 0.16 m apart in air. There will be a
released. The K.E. attained by the particle
point P at which electric potential is zero on
after moving a distance y is
the line joining the two charges and in between
(KERALA PMT 2005)
them. The distance of P from 9 C charge is
1) qEy2 2) qE2y 3) qEy 4) q2Ey
(EAMCET 2001 E )
31 A proton and an   particle start from rest 1) 0.14 m 2) 0.12 m
in a uniform electric field, then the ratio of 3) 0.08 m 4) 0.06 m
times of flight to travel same distance in the
field is 37 Three concentric metallic shells A, B, & C of
radii a, b &c ( a < b < c ) have surface densities
1) 5: 2 2) 3 :1 ,  &  respectively. If the shells A and C
3) 2 : 1 4) 1 : 2 are at the same potential then the relation
between a, b and c is
32 In a regular hexgon each corner is at a
distance 'r' from the centre. Identical charges 1) c = a + b 2) a = b + c
of magnitude 'Q' are placed at 5 corners. The 3) b = a + c 4) none
 1  38 Charges 5  C, –2  C, 3  C and –9  C are
field at the centre is  K   placed at the corners A, B,C and D of a square
 4 0 
ABCD of side 1m. The net electric potential
6 K Q at the centre of the square is
1) KQ/r2 2)
r2
1) –27 KV 2) –27 2 KV
5KQ
3) 4) Zero 3) – 90KV 4) zero
r2
39. An electric charge 10 3 C is placed at the
*33. The force experienced by a charge of 2 C
origin ( 0, 0 ) of X-Y coordinate system. Two
in an electric field is 3103 N. The intensity
points A and B are situated at ( 2, 2  and (2,
of the electric field
0 ) respectively. The potential difference
1) 1.5103 N / C 2) 150 N / C between the points A and B will be (AIEEE 07 )
3) 15 N / C 4) 10 N / C 1) 9 V 2) zero 3) 2 V 4) 4.5 V

*34. Four charges of +q, +q +q and +q are placed 40. In Millikan's oil drop experiment, an oil drop
at the corners A, B, C and D of a square. carrying a charge Q is held stationary by a
The resultant force on the charge at D potential difference of 2400 V between the
plates. To keep a drop of half the radius
q2 2q 2 stationary the potential difference had to be
1)
8 0 a 2

1 2 2  2)
 0 a 2
made 600 volt. What is the charge on the
second drop [MP PET - 1997]
q2 Q Q 3Q
3) 2 2 4) Zero
1)
4
2)
2
3) Q 4)
2
8 0 a 2
41. Two parallel plates separated by a distance
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL of 5mm are kept at a potential diffeence of
50V. A par ticle of mass 10–15 kg and charge
35 Two parallel plates are 0.03 m apart . The 10–11C enters in it with a velocity 107m/s. The
electric field intensity between them is 3000 acceleration of the particle will be
newton per coulomb. Calculate the potential (MP PMT 2003)
difference between the plates. 8 2
1) 10 m/s 2) 5 × 105 m/s2
1) 80 V 2) 70 V 3) 100 V 4) 90 V 3) 105 m/s2 4) 2 × 103 m/s2
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42. A cloud is at a potential of 8 × 106 volt relative 48 A charge of 5C experiences a force of 5000N
to the ground. A charge of 80 coulomb is when it is moved in a uniform electric field. The
transferred in lightening stroke between the potential difference between two points
cloud and the ground. Assuming the potential separated by a distance of 1cm is (MP PET-97)
of the cloud to remain constant, the energy 1) 10V 2) 250V 3) 1000V 4) 2500V
dissipated is 49. There is an electric field in +X-direction. If
1) 6.4 × 108 joule 2) 6.4 × 105 joule the work done on moving a charge of 0.2C
3) 105 joule 4) 107 joule through a distance of 2m along a line making
43 Surface charge density of a sphere of a radius an angle of 60 o with +X-axis is 4J. The value
10 cm is 8.85  108 c / m2 . Potential at the of E is (CBSE PMT 1995)
1) 3NC  1 2) 4 NC 1
centre of the sphere is
1) 1000 V 2) 885 V 3) 5NC 1 4) 20 NC 1

3) 10 V 3 4) 442.5 V 50 There are 27 drops of a conducting fluid. Each
44 Two conducting spheres of radii R1 and R2 has a radius r and they are charged to a
are at the same potential. The electric potential V0. These are combined to form a
intensities on their surfaces are in the ratio bigger drop. Its potential will be:
of 1) V0 2) 3V0 3) 9 V0 4) 29V0
1) 1 : 1 2) R1 : R2 51 ABC is an equilateral triangle of side 2m. If
2 2
3) R2 : R1 4) R1 : R 2
E  10NC 1 then VA – VB is
45 The electric potential (V) in volts varies with
1) 10V
x (in metre) according to the relation
V=5+4x2. The force experienced by a negative 2) –10V
charge of 2  C located at x = 0.5m is 3) 20V
1) 2 × 10–6N 2) 4 × 10–6N
–6 4) – 20V
3) 6 × 10 N 4) 8 × 10–6N
52 The charges –q, Q, –q are placed along
46 The variation of electric potential with
x-axis at x=0, x=a and x=2a. If the potential
distance d from a fixed point is as shown in energy of the system is zero, then Q:q is
the figure. The electric intensity at d = 5m is (UPSET 2000)
(CPMT) (MP PMT 2003) 1) 1 : 2 2) 2 : 1 3) 1 : 4 4) 4 : 1
1) 2.5 Vm–1 V
53 The closest distance of approach of an  -
5
2) –2.5 Vm –1 particle travelling with a velocity V towards
3 a stationary nucleus is 'd'. For the closest
3) 0.4 Vm–1 distance to become d/3 towards a stationary
1
–1 d nucleus of double the charge, the velocity of
4) –0.4V m 0 2 4 6 projection of the  -particle has to be
47. The electric potential decreases uniformly V 3V
1) 6 V 2) 6 V 3) 56 4)
from 120 V to 80 V as one moves on the 2
X-axis from x = -1 cm to x = +1 cm. The 54 An infinite number of electric charges each
electric field at the origin equal to 2 nano coulombs in magnitude are
1) must be equal to 20 V/cm placed along x-axis at x = 1 cm, x = 3 cm,
x = 9 cm, x = 27 cm ..... and so on. In this
2) may be equal to 20 V/cm
setup if the consecutive charges have oppsoite
3) may be greater than 20 V/cm sign, then the electric potential at x = 0 is
4) may be less than 20 V/cm 1) 1250V 2) 1350 V 3) 2700V 4) 2500 V

66 AKASH MULTIMEDIA
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55. Four equal charges Q are placed at the four ANSWERS

corners of a square of each side is ‘a’. Work
done in moving a charge –Q from its centre 1) 1 2) 3 3) 3 4) 1 5) 2
to infinity (AIIMS 1985) 6) 4 7) 4 8) 2 9) 2 10) 4
2 Q2 11) 2 12) 3 13) 3 14) 4 15) 3
1) zero 2)
4 o a 16) 2 17) 3 18) 3 19) 3 20) 3
2Q 2 Q2 21) 3 22) 3 23) 4 24) 4 25) 1
3) 4) 26) 1 27) 1 28) 1 29) 1 30) 3
 o a 2o a
31) 4 32) 1 33) 1 34) 1 35) 4
56 Equal and opposite charges q are placed at
points A and B as shown in Fig and P1 and P2 36) 2 37) 1 38) 2 39) 2 40) 2
are equidistant points from O. The ratio of 41) 1 42) 1 43) 1 44) 3 45) 4
potential at P1 and P2 is 46) 1 47) 1 48) 1 49) 4 50) 3
P1
51) 2 52) 3 53) 2 54) 2 55) 3
56) 3 57) 3 58) 1 59) 1 60) 2
b
EXERCISE-II(B) i
(HOME WORK)
A B
O
COULOMB’S INVERSE SQUARE LAW
-q +q P2
2a
b 1 What is the charge acquired by a body when
one million electrons are transferred to it.
1) 1 2)b/a 3) zero 4) infinity
1)  1.61013 C 2) 1.61013 C
*57. Three charges +q, -q and -q are kept at the 3) 161013 C 4) 201013 C
vertices of an equilateral triangle of 10 cm
2. Calculate force between two charges of 1C
side. The potential at the mid point in between
each separated by 1m in vaccum.
-q, -q, if q  5 C.
1) 103 V 2) 1 V
1) 9109 N 2) 0.9109 N

3) 12.810 V 5 4) 10 V
3) 910 N 9 4) 9109 dyne
3. Two equal and opposite charges are placed
*58. 12 J work should be done in moving 0.01C
at a certain distance apart and force of
charge between two points in an electric field.
attraction between them is F. If 75% charge
The potential difference between the points
of one is transferred to another, then the force
1) 1200 V 2) 100 V 3) 10 V 4) 12 V
between the charges becomes
*59. The potential due to the electric dipole at a
7F F
distance r from the dipole on the axial line 1) (attraction) 2) (attraction)
16 16
1 2qa
1) 2) Zero 7F F
4 0 r 2 3) (repulsion) 4) (repulsion)
16 16
1 qa 1 4qa
3) 4) 4. Two positively charge particles each of mass
4 0 r 2 4 0 r 2
1.7 × 10 –27 kg and carrying a charge of
*60. The potential at the origin is zero due to 1.6 × 10–19C are placed r distance apart. If
electric field E  20 i  30 j NC1. The each one experience a repulsive force equal
potential at point P (2m, 2m) to its weight. Find the distance between them
1) 117 m 2) 117 cm
1) 1 V 2) -100 V 3) 10 V 4) 2 V
3) 11.7 cm 4) 1.17 m
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5. Two charged particles are placed at a 12 A charge Q is to be divided into two parts q
distance of 1.0 cm apart. What is the minimum and ( Q–q) such that the force between them
possible magnitude of electrostatic force is maximum at a certain distance. The value
acting on each charge. of q is (MP PET 1997)
1) 251024 N 2) 231024 N 1) Q/3 2) Q/2 3) Q/4 4) 3Q/4
13. The ratio of the forces between two charges
3) 2.31024 dyne 4) 2.31024 N
placed at a certain distance apart in air and
6. The force between two  –particles separated at half of the distance apart in medium of
by a distance ‘r’ is F. In order to have same dielectric ‘k’ is (MNR 1998)
force F, the distance between singly ionised 1) 1 : 4k 2) k : 4 3) 4k : 1 4) 4 : k
chlorine atoms separated by a distance of 14 Two point charges +2C and +6C repel each
1) 2r 2) 4r 3) r/2 4) r/4 other with a force of 12 N. If a charge q is
7. The force between two charges 0.06m apart given to each of these charges then they
is 5N. If each charge is moved towards the attract with 4N. Then value q is
other by 0.01m, then the force between them (KERALA PMT 2002)
will become (SCRA 1994) 1) + 4C 2) – 2C 3) – 4C 4) + 2C
1) 170 N 2) 11.25 N 15. Two small balls having equal positive charge
3) 45 N 4) 22.50 N Q C on each are suspended by two insulating
8 Four point charges q A  2c , q B  5c strings of equal length L metre, from a hook
fixed to a stand. The whole setup is taken into
q C  2c and q D  5c are located at the space where there is no gravity(state of
corners of a square ABCD of side 10cm. weightiessness). Then the tension in the string
What is the force on the charge of 1c placed is
at the centre of the square.
1 q2 1 q2
1) Zero 2) 2.54510 N 9 1) 2)
40 4L2 40 L2
3) 15.91109 N 4) 12.72109 N
1 2q 2 1 q2
3) 4)
9 The force between two charges separated by 40 L2 40 2L2
a distance 1 m is 1.8 N. The charges are in
the ratio 1 : 2 then the charges are 16. The force between two charges 4C and –2C
which are separated by a distance of 3 km is
1) 5C,5C 2) 5C,10C
1) 9 × 103 N 2) 24 × 103 N
3) 1C,10C 4) 10C,20C
3) 8 × 103 N 4) 4 × 103 N
10. In 1 gram of solid, there are 5 x 1021 atoms. 17. Two charges 9C and 1C are placed at a
If one electron is removed from every one of
distance of 30 cm. The position of third charge
0.1% of atoms of the solid, the charge gained
from 9C between them so that it does not
by the solid is
experience any force.
1) + 0.018 C 2) + 0.8 C
1) 7.5 cm 2) 22.5 cm
3) + 8  C 4) – 0.08C
3) 5.858 cm 4) 10 cm
11 Two positively charged particles each of mass
is 9 × 10 –30 kg and carrying a charge of INTENSITY OF ELECTRIC FIELD
1.6 × 10–19 C are placed at a distance ‘r’ apart. 18. Tritium and helium are put 2  1010 m apartt
If each experiences a force equal to its weight, in air. Magnitude of intensity of electricfield
the value of r is (g=10 ms–2 ) due to tritium at helium is in (N/C)
1) 1.6 m 2) 0.16 m 1) 3.6  1010 2) 36  1010
3) 0.116 m 4) 0.8 m 3) 4  102 4) 7.2  10 10

68 AKASH MULTIMEDIA
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19. 10C and 20C are separated by a distance d.If 25. A conducting sphere of radius R = 20 cm is
the electric
 field at the location of a charge given a charge Q = 16c what is E at centre.
10C is E , the field at the location of 20 C is 1) 36106 N / C 2) 1.8106 N / C
  3) Zero 4) 0.9106 N / C
1) E / 2 2) – E / 2
  26. A0.50 gm ball carries a charge of magnitude
3) – E 4) E
10C . It is suspended by a string in a
20. A charge of 10 10 C is placed at the origin.The downward electric field of intensity 300 N/C.
electric field at (1, 1) m due to it( in NC 1 )is If the charge on the ball is positive, then the
tension in the string is (g=10 ms–2)
0.45
1) i  j 2) (i  j) 1) 5 × 10–3 N 2) 8 × 10–3 N
2 3) 2 × 10–3 N 4) zero
3) 20 j 4) 4.5 2 ( i  j)
27. Two equal and opposite charges of magnitude
21. Two point charges +8q and –2q are located 0.2C are 15 cm apart, the magnitude and
at x = 0 and x = L respectively. The location direction of the resultant electric intensity at
of a point on the x-axis from +8q at which the a point midway between the charges is
net electric field due to these two point charges (KCET (M) 2001)
5
is zero is (AIEEE 2005) 1) 6.4 × 10 N/C towards –ve charge
1) 2L 2) L/4 3) 8L 4) 4L 2) 6.4 × 105 N/C towards + ve charge
3) zero 4) infinity
22. A hollow spherical conductor of radius 1m
28. Three charges each of 4C are the corners
has a charge of 250 C then electric intensity
B, C, D of a square ABCD of side 1m. The
at a point distant of 0.5 m from the centre of electric field at the centre ‘O’ of the square is
the spherical conductor is 1) 7.2 × 104 N/C towards A
1) zero 2) 2.25 × 106 N/C 2) 7.2 × 104 N/C towards C
3) 4.5 × 104 N/C 4) 9 × 104 N/C 3) 3.6 × 104 N/C towards A
23. Two point charges q A  3c and q B  3c 4) 3.6 × 104 N/C towards C
are located 20cm apart in vaccum . What is 29. There are n electrons of charge e on a drop
the electric field at the mid point of the line of oil of density  . It is in equilibrium in an
joining the two charges. electric field E. Then radius of drop is
2neE 1/ 2 neE 1/ 2
A E B 1)   2)  
4g 
   g 
 
+3C O -3C
1) 54106 N / C along OA 3neE 1/ 3 2neE 1/ 3
3)   4)  
4g 
   g 
 
2) 5 .4  1 0 6 N / C alo n g O B
3) 5.410 6 30. The electrons in a particle beam each have a
N / C along OB
kinetic energy of 1.6 × 10–17J. What are the
4) 54106 N / C along OB magnitude and direction of the electric field
that stops these electrons in a distance of
24. The displacement r of a charge Q in an 10.0cm
electric field E  e1ˆi  e 2 ˆj  e3kˆ is r  aiˆ  bjˆ . 1) 10 3 v/m in the direction of velocity of
The work done is (EAMCET 2000 (E)) electrons
2) 10 3 v/m positive direction of velocity of
1) Qae1  be2  2) Q ae1 2   be 2 2 electrons
3) 103 v/m perpendicular to velocity of electrons
3) Q e1  e 2  a 2  b 2 4)  e12  e22  a  b  4) 106 v/m perpendicular to velocity of electrons

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31. Two charged particles having masses in the 37. A cube of side 5 cm has a charge of 6C .
ratio 2 : 3 and charges in the ratio 1 : 2 are The surface charge density in C / m 2 is
released from rest in a uniform electric field. 1) 400 2) 200 3) 800 4) 100
After a time 1 minute their K.E. will be in the 38. Three charges 2q, –q, –q are located at the
ratio of vertices of an equilateral triangle. At the
1) 3 : 8 2) 3 : 4 3) 1 : 3 4) 2 : 5 circumcentre of triangle
1) field is zero but potential is non-zero
32. ABC is an equilateral triangle.Three identical
2) field is non-zero but potential is zero
charges each +q are placed at each corner.
3) both field and potential are zero
Electric intensity at the centriod of triangle
4) both field and potential nonzero
is (AIEEE 2002) (CPMT 1985)
39. If the electric potential at a certain distance
1 q 1 q
1) 4 r 2 2) from a point charge is 900V and electric
o 4o r intensity is 225 Vm–1. The charge is
1 3q 1) 4  10–7 C 2) 2  10–7 C
3) zero 4) 3) 4  10–3 C 4) 2  10–5 C
4o r 2
40. A p o s i t i v e l y c h a r g e d o i l d r o p o f
33. An  particle is situated in an electric field
charg e 8 × 10 – 15 C remains stationary in
of 106 N/C. The force exerted or it is
the electric field between two horizontal plates
1) 6.4 × 10–3 N 2) 3.2 × 10–13 N separated by a distance of 2cm and having
3) 32 × 10–13 N 4) 64 × 10–13 N potential difference 6V. Mass of the oil drop
is (g = 10 ms– 2)
34. Four charges of + q, – q, +q and +q are placed
at the corners A, B, C and D of a square. The 1) 24 × 10–14 kg 2) 23 × 10–16 kg
resultant force on the charge at D is 3) 12 × 10–14 kg 4) 6 × 10–14 kg
q2   2q 2 41. A bullet of mass 2gm is having a charge of
 2  1 
2 2 
40a 
1) 2) 2 2C . Through what potential difference must
0a it be accelerated, starting from rest to acquire
a speed of 10m/sec.
q2
3) 2 2 4) zero 1) 5 kv 2) 50 kv 3) 5 v 4) 50 v
80a 2
42. A spherical drop of radius 10 –6 m has
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL absorbed 40 electrons. The energy required
to give an additional electron to it is
35. The electric potential at the surface of an
1) 9.2 × 10–21 J 2) 5.7 × 10–21 J
atomic nucleus(Z=50) of radius 9.0  1015 m
3) 9.21 × 10–23 J 4) 5.96 × 1024 J
1) 80 volt 2) 8  106 volt
43. The ratio of charge densities on the surface
3) 9 volt 4) 9 105 volt
of two conducting spheres is 3 : 2. If the radii
36. Two charges 12  C and –6  C are seperated of the spheres are 4 cm and 8 cm the ratio of
by a distance of 20cm. The net electric the electric potential on the surfaces of the
potential is zero on the line joining them. sphere is
(E-2000 (M)) 1) 3 : 4 2) 3 : 1 3) 1 : 3 4) 4 : 9

1) at a distance of 6.7cm from –6 C in between 44. A particle A has charge +q and particle B has
the charges charge +4q with each of them having the same
2) at a distance of 0.2m from –6  c outside the mass ‘m’. When allowed to fall from rest
charges through the same electrical potential
differ ence. T he r atio of their speeds v A : vB
3) both of the above
will be
4) none of the above
1) 2 :1 2) 1 : 2 3) 4 :1 4) 1 : 4
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45. The potential at a point x ( measured in  m) 51. Four equipotential curves in an electric field
due to some charges situated on the x-axis is are shown in the figure. A, B and C are three
given by V(x) = 20/(x2 –4) volt, then intensity points in the field. If electric intensity at A, B,
at x=4  m is given by (AIEEE 2007) C are EA, EB and EC respectively, then
5 1) EA = EB = EC
1) V / m and in the –ve x direction
3 2) EA > EB > EC
5 C B A
2) V / m and the in the +ve x direction 3) EA < EB < EC
3
10 4) EA > EB < EC 120V 90V 60V 30V
3) V / m and in the –ve x direction
9 52. Three charges Q, +q and +q are placed at
10 the vertices of a right angled isosceles triangle
4) V / m and in the +ve x direction
9 as shown in fig. The net electrostatic energy
of configuration is zero if Q is equal to
46. The variation of electric potential with
(IIT 2000)
distance 'r' from a fixed point is as shown in
the figure. Electric intensity at r=1m, 3m and q Q
5.5m are respectively (in v/m) 1)
1 2
E(Vm-1) 2a
>

1) –2, 1, 8/3 2q a

4 2)
2) –2, 0, 8/3 2 2
0 2 34 5.5 I +q a +q
3) 2, 0, -8/3 (m) 3) – 2q 4) +q
4) +8, -1, -4/3 53. A charged particle q is shot towards another
47. Uniform field namely a magnitude Eo exists charged particle Q which is fixed, with a speed
along positive x-axis. If the potential V = 0 at v. It approaches Q upto a closest distance r
x = 0 then its value at x = +x will be and then returns. If q was given a speed 2v,
(MP PMT 1987) the closest distance of approach would be
2 (AIEEE 2004)
1) x E0 2) – x E0 3) x E0 4) – x2 E0
1) r 2) 2r 3) r/2 4) r/4
48. A potential difference of 3000 V is maintained
between two large parallel plates 6cm apart. 54. An infinate number of electric charges equal
The force on a proton midway between the to 1C in magnitude are placed along X-axis
plates is at X=2 cm,4 cm, 8 cm, .. so on. if they are of
1) 8 × 10–6 N 2) 8 × 10–15 N same sign then electric potential at X=0 is
3) 8 × 10–13 N 4) 8 × 10–12 N 1) 91011 V 2) zero
9
49. The electric intensity at a point at a distance 3) 3  10 V 4) 1.25  109 V
2m from charge q is E. The amount of 55. Two point charges 100 C and 5 C aree
workdone in bringing a charge of 2c from placed at points A and B respectively with AB
infinity to this point will be( in S.I. units) = 40 cm. The workdone by external force in
1) 2E 2) 4E 3) E/2 4) E/4 displacing the charge 5 C from B to C.
50. n drops each of radius ‘ r ’ and carrying a BC = 30 cm angle ABC =  / 2 and
charge ‘ q ’ are combined to form a bigger 1
drop. The ratio of potentials of bigger to that  9 109 Nm2 / C2 (MP PMT 1997)
40
of smaller is
1) n3/2 : 1 2) n1/3 : 1 81 9 9
1) 9J 2) J 3) J 4) J
2/3
3) n : 1 4) n3/4 : 1 20 25 4
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 ELECTRIC FIELD AND POTENTIAL PHYSICS - II B

56. Three equal charges (q) are kept at three

corners of equilateral triangle of side ‘d’.
EXERCISE-III i
The electric potential at the centre of the COULOMB’S INVERSE SQUARE LAW
triangle is
1. -10C, 40C and q are the charges on three
1 3 3q 1 4 2q
1) 2) identical spherical conductors P, Q and R
40 d 40 d respectively. Now P and Q attract each other
with a force F when they are separated by a
1 3q 1 3q
3) 4) distance d. Now P and Q are made in contact
40 d 40 d with each other and then separated. Again Q
57. Three charges +q, +q and –q are kept at the and R are touched and they are separated by
vertices of an equilateral triangle of 10 cm a distance ‘d’. The repulsive force between
side. The potential at the mid point in between Q and R is 4F. Then the charge q is
+q and +q if q  5C . 1) 10C 2) 30C 3) 40C 4) 65C
1) 12.8 × 105 V 2) 103 V
2. Three identical charges of magnitude 2C
3) 1 V 4) 10 V
are placed at the corners of right angled
58. An electric cell does 5 J of work in carrying triangle ABC whose base BC and height BA
10C of charge around a closed circuit. The respectively 4 cm and 3 cm. Forces on charge
potential difference of the cell is at right angled corner B due to charges at ‘A’
1) 0.5 V 2) 4 V 3) 3 V 4) 2 V and ‘C’ are respectively F1 and F2. The angle
59. The potential at the origin is zero due to between their resultant force and F2 is

electric field E  40 i  60 j NC1 . The (2005-EAMCET(M)
potential at point P (3m, 3m) 1  3  1  16 
1) Sin   2) Tan  
1) 1 V 2) – 300 V 4 9
3) –100 V 4) 20 V 1  1 
3) cos   4) 45°
60. The potential due to the electric dipole at a 3
distance ‘r’ from the dipole on the equitorial
3. Three equal charges q1, q2, q3 are placed at
line is
the three corners ABC of a square ABCD.If
1 2qa the force between the charges at A and B (on
1) 2) Zero
4 0 r 2 q1and q2) is F12 and that between A and C is
1 qa 1 4qa F13 then the ratio of magnitudes F12 and F13 is
3) 4) 1
4 0 r 2 4 0 r 2 1) 1/2 2)2 3) 4) 2
1/ 2
ANSWERS 4. Three charges – q1, + q2 and – q3 are placed
1) 1 2) 1 3) 2 4) 4 5) 4 as shown in the figure. The x-component of
6) 3 7) 2 8) 1 9) 4 10) 2 the force on –q1 is proportional to
11) 1 12) 2 13) 2 14) 3 15) 1 y (AIEEE 2003)
-q3
16) 3 17) 2 18) 1 19) 2 20) 2
21) 1 22) 1 23) 2 24) 1 25) 3
26) 2 27) 1 28) 1 29) 3 30) 1 a 
31) 1 32) 3 33) 2 34) 1 35) 2 b
x
36) 3 37) 1 38) 2 39) 1 40) 1 -q1 +q2
41) 2 42) 1 43) 1 44) 2 45) 4 q2 q3 q2 q3
1)  cos  2)  sin 
46) 2 47) 2 48) 2 49) 2 50) 3 b2 a 2 b2 a 2
51) 3 52) 2 53) 4 54) 1 55) 4
q2 q2 q 2 q2
56) 1 57) 1 58) 1 59) 2 60) 2 3)  cos  4)  sin 
b2 a 2 b2 a 2
72 AKASH MULTIMEDIA
PHYSICS - II B ELECTRIC FIELD AND POTENTIAL

5. Equal charges q are placed at the four corners INTENSITY OF ELECTRIC FIELD
A,B,C,D of a square of length a. The
12. An infinite number of electric charges each
mangnitude of the force on the charge at B
equal to 5 nano - coulombs (magnitude) are
will be
placed along X-axis at x = 1 cm, x = 2 cm,
3q2 4q2 x = 4 cm, x = 8 cm .............. and so on. In this
1) 2)
4oa2 4oa2 setup if the consecutive charges have opposite
sign , then the electric field at x = 0
1 2 2  q2  1  q2
3)   4) 2   1 9 2 2
2   4  9  10 N  m / c 
 2  4oa
2
 2  4oa (2003-E)
0

6. Electric charge of 1c, 1C and 2c are 1) 12 × 104N/C 2) 24 × 104N/C

placed in air at the corners A,B and C 3) 36 × 104 N/C 4) 48 × 104N/C
repectively of an equilateral triangle ABC 13. A body of mass 2 gm is projected horizontally
having length of each side 10 cm .The from the top of tower of height 20m with a
resultant force on the charge at C is velocity 10 m/s. The charge on the body is
1)0.9N 2) 1.8N 3) 2.7N 4) 3.6N 2C. Electric field is applied vertically
7. ABC is a right angled triangle in which downwards and of intensity 10–2 N/C. Find
AB=3cm and BC=4cm and right angle is at the time taken by the body to touch the ground
(g = 10 m/s2)
B. The three charge,+15  C,+12  C and
–20  C are placed respectively at A,B andC, The 1) 1 sec 2) 1.414 sec
force acting on B is 3) 2.828 sec 4) 2 sec
1) 1250 N 2) 3500 N 3) 1200 N 4) 2250N 14. A charge of 2C is placed on the x-axis at 1m
from the origin along –ve x-axis. Infinite
8. The charge on 500 cc of water due to protons
number of charges each of magnitude 2C are
will be
placed on x-axis at 1m, 2m, 4m, ..... from
1) 6.1 × 1027 C 2) 2.67 × 107 C origin along +ve x-axis. The first charge is
23
3) 6 × 10 C 4) 1.67 × 1023 C positive and alternate charges are of opposite
9. Three point charges Q 1 , Q2 and Q3 in that in nature. The electric field intensity at the
order are placed equally spaced along a origin
straight line. Q2 and Q3 are equal in magnitude 1
1)
but opposite in sign. If the net force on Q3 is 10 o along +ve x-axis
zero, the value of Q1 is : 1
2)
1) Q1 = |Q3| 2) Q1  2 | Q3 | 10 o along –ve x-axis
3) Q1 = 2|A3| 4) Q1 = 4|Q2| 1
3)
*10. The ratio of electric and gravitational force o along +ve x-axis
between two protons. Charge of each proton 1
is 1.6 × 10–19C, mass is 1.67 × 10–27Kg and 4)
o along –ve x-axis
G = 6.67 × 10–11Nm2Kg–2 .
1) 1.231036 2) 1020 15. An electric field is acting vertically upwards.
3) 10 15 4) 5 N A small body of mass 1 gm and charge 1C
is projected with a velocity 10 m/s at an angle
*11. Four charges of equal magnitude 2 C are 45º with horizontal. Its horizontal range is
kept at the four corners of a square of side 5 2m then the intensity of electric field is :
cm. The force experienced by any one of them (g=10 m/s2 )
1) 10 N 2) 27.56 N 1) 20,000 N/C 2) 10,000 N/C
3) 15 N 4) 5 N 3) 40,000 N/C 4) 90,000 N/C

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 ELECTRIC FIELD AND POTENTIAL PHYSICS - II B

16. A bob of a simple pendulum of mass 40gm with 21. From the initial point A (1, 2 , 0), to the final
a positive charge 4×10 –6 C is oscillating with point D(3, 2, 0), a charge of 2C is moved
time period 'T1'. An electric field of intensity through the points B ( 2, 2, 0 ) and C ( 3, 1, 0)
3.6×104 N/c is applied vertically upwards now along the path ABCD. The electric field in
' T2 ' that region is 4 i N/C. The work done is
time period is T 2 .The value of is
T1 given by
2
(g=10 m/s )
1) 8 J 2) – 8 J 3) 16 J 4) – 4 J
1) 0.16 2) 0.64 3) 1.25 4) 0.8
17. A body of mass 10 gm and having charge 2C 22. A metal sphere with its centre at A and radius
is attached to a spring which is suspended R has a charge 2q on it. The field at a point B
from ceiling. If it is vibrating then its time outside the sphere is E. If another metal sphere
period is 1 sec. If an electric field of intensity of radius 3R and having a charge –3q is
100 N/C is applied in the downward direction placed with its centre at point B, then resultent
then the time period becoems : electric field at a point mid way between A
1) 1 sec 2) 3 sec 3) 4 sec 4) ½ sec and B will be
18. Two charges 3 C and q C are placed at 1) 0.5E 2) 2E 3) 2.5E 4) 10E
(2, 0 ) and (0, 2 ). The direction of intensity of
23. There is a uniform electric field of strength
electric field at (2, 2) makes an angle 30º with
103Vm–1along Y-axis. A body of mass 1gm and
y-axis then q is :
charge 10–6 C is projected into the field from
(2, 2) origin along the positive X-axis with a velocity
qc
of 10 ms –1 . Its speed in ms –1 after 10s is
(Neglect gravitation) [2001 E]
1) 10 2) 5 2 3) 10 2 4) 20
3c
24. An electron with a velocity of 2.4 × 106ms–1
1) 1C 2) 2C 3) 3c 4) 3C
flies into a uniform electric field of intensity
19. Two point charges q1= 2  C and q2 = 1  C 135 Vm–1 . It moves along a field line until it
are placed at distances b = 1cm and a = 2cm comes to rest. The distance travelled by the
from the origin on the y and x axes. The electron before coming to rest within the field
electric field vector at point P (a,b) will subtend is
an angle '  ' with the x-axis given by 1) 0.12 m 2) 0.6 m 3) 0.4 m 4) 0.2 m

q1 P(a, b) 25. A sphere carrying charge is just at rest

without falling down touching a vertical wall,
b
O by applying a horizontal electric feld 100 NC–1.
a q2
The charge on the ball is 0.01 C. If the
1) Tan  = 1 2) Tan  = 2
coefficient of friction between wall and sphere
3) Tan  = 3 4) Tan  = 4 is 0.2, mass of the sphere is (g = 10 m/s2)
20. A point charge q moves from ‘P’ to ‘S’ along 1) 2 kg 2) 20gm 3) 2g 4) 0.2 kg
path PQRS in a uniform electric field E
directed parallel to positive X-axis. The 26. A particle of mass 1 Kg and carrying 0.01 C is
co-ordinates of the points P,Q, R and S are at rest on an inclined plane of angle 30 with
(a, b, 0), (2a, 0, 0), (0, -b, 0) and (0, 0, 0) 490
respectively. The work done by field in the horizontal when an electric field of NC 1
3
above process is given by applied parallel to horizontal , the coefficient
1) qEa 2) -qEa of friction is
2 1) 0.5 2) 1/ 3 3) 3 / 2 4) 3 / 7
3) qEa 2 4) qE  2a   b2
74 AKASH MULTIMEDIA
PHYSICS - II B ELECTRIC FIELD AND POTENTIAL

27. Four charges Q, q, Q and q are placed at the 32. Two similar balls of mass 'm' are hung by a
corners A, B, C and D of a square ABCD. If silk thread of length L and carry similar
the resultant electric force on the charge at the charges Q as in figure
corner C to be zero then the value of Q/q is
1) 2 2 2) 4 2 3) – 2 4) 2 2
28. Four charges equal to – Q are placed at the Q
L x > Q
four corners of a square and a charge q is at
Assuming the separation to be small, the
its centre. If the system is in equilibrium, the
separation between the balls (denoted by x) is
value of q is (AIEEE 2004 )
equal to
Q Q 1
1)  1  2 2  2) 1  2 2   Q 2 .2 L  3
4 4 1)   2) QLmg
Q Q  4  .mg 
3)  1  2 2  4) 1  2 2 
2 2 QL Q 2L
3) mg 4)
29. If two charges +q and +4q are seperated by a 2mg
distance 'd' and a point charge Q is placed on
the line joining the above two charges and in ELECTRIC POTENAIL
between them such that all charges are in 33. At y = 1 cm, y = 3 cm y = 9 cm, y = 27 cm ...
equilbrium. Then the charge Q and it's position and so on, an infinite number of charges equal
are to 5C are placed. At x = 1 cm, x = 2 cm,
x = 4 cm, x = 8 cm .... and so on, an infinite
4q d number of charges equal to – 5C are placed.
1)  at a distance from 4q
9 3 Find the electric potential at origin in volts .
2Q d  1 
2) at a distance from q K  
3 3  4o 
4q d 1) 250K 2) –250K 3) zero 4) 100K
3)  at a distance from q
9 3 34. Two metal spheres have their surface areas
d in the ratio 9 : 16. They are put in contact
2Q
4) at a distance from 4q with each other. A charge of 7 x106 C is given
3 3 to the system and now they are separated so
30. Two unit negative charges are placed on a that each exerts no influence on the other then
straight line. A positive charge 'q' is placed the ratio of surface charge densities is
exactly at the mid-point in between these unit 1) 4:3 2) 5:2 3) 2:5 4) 7:3
charges. If the system of three charges is in
35. Two metallic solid spheres of radii R and 2R
equilibrium the value of 'q' (in C) is
are charged such that both of them have same
(2006-EAMCET(M)
charge density  . If the spheres are located
1) 1.0 2) 0.75 3) 0.5 4) 0.25 far away from each other and connected by a
31. Two similar metal spheres are suspended by thin conducting wire, the new charge density
silk threads from the same point. When the on bigger sphere is :
5
spheres are given equal charges of 2C the 1) 5  2) 6  3)  4) 2 
6
distance between them becomes 6cm. If length 36. Two point charges 4  c and 9  c aree
of each thread is 5 cm, the mass of each sphere is separated by 50 cm. The potential at the point
(g=10 m/s2) between them where the field has zero
1) 4 kg 2) 3 kg strength is
4 1 1) 4.5  105 V 2) 9  105 V
3) kg 4) kg
3 3 3) 9  10 4 V 4) Zero

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 ELECTRIC FIELD AND POTENTIAL PHYSICS - II B

37. Two charges 2 nano coulombs and -6 nano 44. A field of 100Vm–1 is directed at 300 to positve
coulombs are separated by 16cm in air. The x-axis. Find (V A– V B) if OA = 2m and
resultant electric intensity at the zero potential OB = 4m

>
point which lies in between them and on the
line joining them is
1) 100  3  2 V B >
>
1) 15000 NC-1 2) 7500 NC-1 2) –100  2  3  V 0
30
>
-1 0 >
3) 450 NC 4) 1.5 NC-1. A
3) 100  2  3  V
38. If radius of a hollow metallic sphere is 'R'. If
the P.D between it's surface and a point at a 4) 200  2  3  V
distance 3R from it's centre is V then the 45. Three point charges 1C, - 2C, and –2C are
electric field intensity at a distance 3R from placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle
it's centre is of side one metre. The work done by an
V V V V external force to increase the separation of
1) 2) 3) 4)
2R 3R 4R 6R the charges to 2 metres in joules is :
39. The electrical potential on the surface of a ( 0 permitivity of air) (2004-EAMCET(E)
sphere of radius 'r' due to a charge3 x10–6 C 1 1 1
1) 2) 3)
is 500 V. The intensity of electric field on the 4 0 8 0 16 0 4) 0
surface of the sphere is
46. The charges each of +Q and –Q coulomb are
 1 
 = 9 x 109 Nm 2 C-2  (in NC–1) : placed at corners A and B of an equilateral
 4 0  triangle ABC of side ‘a’ cm. ‘D’ is the mid
2006-EAMCET(M) point of AB. The work done if a charge of ‘q’
1) < 10 2) > 20 is moved from D to C is :
3) Between 10 and 20 4) < 5 1
1) zero 2) 4   qQ
o
40. A metal sphere A of radius a is charged to
potential V .what will be its potential if it is Q 3 Q
3)  q 4)  3q
enclosed by a spherical conducting shell B of 4 o 2 4 o
radius b and the two are connected by a wire
47. Two identical charges are placed at the two
a bV a2 V b2V corners of an equilateral triangle. The
1) V 2) 3) 4)
b a b a potential energy of the system is U. The work
41. A solid conducting sphere having a charge 'Q' done in bringing an identical charge from
is surrounded by an uncharged concentric infinite to the third vertex is [2001 M]
conducting hollow spherical shell. Let the P.D 1) U 2) 2U 3) 3U 4) 4U
between the surface of the solid sphere and 48. Two equal point charges are fixed at x=–a and
that of the outer surface of the hollow shell be x = +a on the axis. Another point charge Q is
V. If the shell is now given a charge of -3Q. placed at the origin. The change in the
The new PD between the same two surfaces is electrical potential energy of system, when it
1) V 2) 2V 3) 4V 4) -2V is displaced by a small distance x along the
42. Find (VA–VB) in an electric field X-axis is approximately proportional to
–1
1) x 2) x2 3) x3 4) 1/x
E = (2i + 3j + 4 k ) NC where
49. 10C and – 10C are placed at y = 1 m and
r A = (i–2j+ K )m rB =(2i+j– 2 k ) m.
y = – 1 m on y-axis 1c charge is placed on
1) – 2V 2) – 1V 3) – 4V 4) – 6V x-axis at x = +1. Now find the change in PE of
43. If V0 be the potential at origin in an electric system when 1 coulomb is displaced from
field E  Ex i  E y J the potential at (x,y) is x = +1m to x = –1 m keeping other two
charges as fixed is
1) V0 – xEx – yEy 2) V0 + xEx + yEy
1) 109 J 2) 21 × 109 J
3) xEx + yEy – V0 4) x2  y2 E2x  E2y  V0 3) 10 × 109 J 4) zero
76 AKASH MULTIMEDIA
PHYSICS - II B ELECTRIC FIELD AND POTENTIAL

50. Two insulating plates are both uniformly 54. A charge Q is kept at the centre of a circle of
charged in such a way that the potential radius ‘r’. If permittivity of the free space is
difference between them is (V2 – V1)= 20V. o then work done in carrying a charge q
( i.e., plate 2 is at a higher potential). The along the diameter of the circle from one end
plates are separated by d=0.1 m and can be to the other will be
treated infinitely large. An electron is released qQ qQ
from rest on the inner surface of plate 1. Its 1) 2)
speed when it hits plate 2 is (AIEEE 2006) 4or r 8o r
6
1) 2.65 x 10 m/s 2) 7.02 × 1012 m/s qQ
3) 4) zero
3) 1.87 × 106 m/s 4) 32 × 10–19 m/s 2o
51. A body of mass 1g and carrying a charge 55. A positive charge 'Q' is fixed at a point. A
10–8 C passes from two points P and Q. P and negatively charged particle of mass 'm' and
Q are at electric potentials 600V and OV charge 'q' is revolving in a circular path of
respectively. The velocity of the body at Q is
radius 'r1' with 'Q' as the centre. The change
20 cm s–1. Its velocity in ms–1 at P is
in potential energy to change the radius of
1) 0.028 2) 0.056 [2002 E] the circular path from r1 to r2 in joule is
1) zero
3) 0.56 4) 5.6
1 1 1 
52. Two charges Q1 and Q2 Coulombs are shown 2) Qq   
4  o r1 r2 
in fig. A third charge Q3 coulomb is moved
from point R to S along a circular path with P 1 1 1  Qq  1 1 
as centre . Change in potential energy is Qq    
3)
  r1 r2 
4)
4  r2 r1 
Q1Q 2Q3 R Q3
1)
4 0 56. A particle of mass 2 gm and charge 1 C is
Q1 Q 2 held at rest on a frictionless horizontal
0.8 m

2)
 0 surface at a distance of 1m from the fixed
Q2 Q3 charge of 1 milli coulomb. If the particle is
3) released it will be repelled. The speed of the
 0 Q1 Q2
S particle when it is at a distance of 10m from
4Q1 Q 2 P T
4) 0.6 m the fixed charge is :
 0 1) 100 m/s 2) 90 m/s 3) 60 m/s 4) 45 m/s
53. 2q and 3q are two charges separated by a 57. Electric potential is given by v=6x-8xy 2 –
distance 12 cm on x-axis. A third charge q is 8y+6yz-4z2 then electric force acting on 2C
placed at 5 cm on y-axis as shown in figure. point charge placed at origin will be
Find the change in potential energy of the
1) 2 N 2) 6 N 3) 8 N 4) 20 N
system if q is moved from initial position to a
point on X-axis in circular path 58. Two identical thin rings, each of radius R
2 metre are co-axially placed at distance R
q
1)
(0,0) 3q (5,0) 2q metre apart. If Q 1 and Q 2 coul are
4 o (12,0)
respectively the charges uniformly spread on
6q2 the two rings, the work done in moving a
2) charge q from the centre of one ring to that
4o 91 of the other is :
12q2 q 1) zero
(0,-5)
3)
4 o 91 2) q (Q1  Q2 ) ( 2  1) / ( 2) 4 0 R
3q2 3) q 2 (Q1  Q2 ) / 40 R
4)
4 o 4) q (Q1  Q2 ) ( 2  1) / (2) 4 0 R
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 ELECTRIC FIELD AND POTENTIAL PHYSICS - II B

59. If identical charges (–q) are placed at each ANSWERS

corner of a cube of side b, then electric
potential energy of charge (+q) which is placed 1) 4 2) 2 3) 2 4) 2 5) 3
at centre of the cube will be 6) 2 7) 4 8) 2 9) 4 10) 1
8 2q 2  8 2q 2 11) 2 12) 3 13) 2 14) 1 15) 3
1) 2) 16) 3 17) 1 18) 1 19) 2 20) 2
4 0 b 0 b
21) 3 22) 4 23) 3 24) 1 25) 2
 4 2q 2  4q 2 26) 4 27) 4 28) 2 29) 3 30) 4
3) 4) 31) 3 32) 1 33) 2 34) 1 35) 3
 0b 3 0b
36) 1 37) 1 38) 4 39) 1 40) 1
60. The figure below shows two equipotential 41) 1 42) 2 43) 1 44) 2 45) 4
surfaces in X–Y plane for an electric field. The 46) 1 47) 2 48) 2 49) 4 50) 1
scales are marked. The X-component Ex, and 51) 1 52) 3 53) 3 54) 4 55) 2
Y-component E y, of the electric field in the
56) 2 57) 4 58) 2 59) 4 60) 2
region of the space where these equipotential
61) 1 62) 3
lines exist, are respectively :
3 COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
y(cm)

2volt
2 Comprehension - I : ( 1 - 4)
4volt
1 Two charges, each equal to q, are kept at
x=-a and x=a on the x-axis. A particle of mass
2 4 6 8 m and charge q0 =q/2 is placed at the origin.
x(cm)
1. The charge q0 is given a small displacement
1) +100Vm ,–200Vm –1 –1 x(<<a) along the x-axis and then released.
The restoring force acting on q 0 is (k=1/
2) –100Vm–1 ,+200Vm–1
( 40 ))
3) +200Vm–1 ,+100Vm–1
 kq 2   2kq 2 
 
1)  3  x 2)  3  x
–1 –1
4) –200Vm ,–100Vm
a   a 
*61. Two electric charges of 9 C and  3 C aree  kq 2   2kq 2 
 
placed 0.16 m apart in air. There are two 3)  2  x 4)  2  x
points A and B on the line joining the two a   a 
charges at distances of (i) 0.04 m from 3 C 2. In the question above, time period of
and in between the charges and oscillation of the particle is
(ii) 0.08m from 3 C and outside the two
 ma 3   ma 3 
1/ 2 1/ 2

charges. The potentials at A and B T  2    T  2   

1)  2kq 2  2)  kq 2 
1) 0 V, 0 V 2) 1V, 2V
3) 3V, 4V 4) 1V, 7V  2kq 2 
1/ 2
 kq 2 
1/ 2

T  2    T  2   
*62. A charged sphere of radius 0.02 m has charge 3)  ma 3  4)  ma 3 
density of 1 Cm-2 . The work done when a
charge of 40 nano coulomb is moved from 3. If charge q 0 is given a small displacement
infinity to a point that is at a distance of 0.04 y(<<a) along the y-axis, the net force acting
m from the centre of the sphere on the particle is proportional to
1) 1.44 J 2) 2 J 1 1
3) 14.4 J 4) 1.44 J 1) y 2) -y 3) 4) 
y y

78 AKASH MULTIMEDIA
PHYSICS - II B ELECTRIC FIELD AND POTENTIAL

4. In the question above, the particle, 9. The number of excess electrons on the oil drop
1) will execute simple harmonic motion. is
2) will execute oscillatory but not simple 1) 2 2) 3 3) 4 4) 5
harmonic motion.
10. If the potential of the upper plate is suddenly
3) will execute a non-periodic and non-
changed to -1.5 kV, the initial acceleration of
oscillatory motion.
the drop will be
4) will never come back to x=0.
1) 4.9 ms-2 2) 9.8 ms-2
Comprehension - II : ( 5 - 8) 3) 19.6 ms-2 4) zero
Two identical particles A and B of mass m 11. The potential speed of the drop is very nearly
carry a charge Q each, Initially particle A is equal to
at rest on a smooth horizontal plane and the
1) 2.7 × 10-5 ms-1 2) 3.7 × 10-5 ms-1
particle B is projected with a speed v along
the horizontal plane from a large distance 3) 4.7 × 10-5 ms-1 4) 5.7 × 10-5 ms-1
directly towards the first particle. The distance Comprehension - IIV : (12 - 14)
of closest approach is x. A point particle of mass M is attached to one
5. At the closest approach, speed v1 of particle A is end of a massless rigid non-conducting rod of
1) v1  v 2) v1  2v length L. Another point particle of the same
3) v1  v / 2 4) v2  v / 2 mass is attached to the other end of the rod.
The two particles carry charges +q and -q.
6. At the closest approach, speed v2 of particle
This arrangement is held in a region of a
B is
uniform electric field E such that the rod
1) v2  v / 2 2) v2  v / 2
makes a small angle  (say of about 50) with
3) v2  v 4) v2  2v
the field direction as shown in Fig.
7. At the distance of closest approach, the total
A
energy of the system is
+q
2 2
mv 2 mv Q
1) 2)  
E
2 2 40 x O
-q
Q2 mv 2 Q2 B
3) mv  
2
4)
40 x 4 40 x 12. The magnitude of the torque acting on the rod
8. The distance of closest approach is is
1) qEL sin  2) qEL cos 
Q2 Q2
1) x  2) x  3) qEL
0 mv 2 20 mv 2 4) zero

Q2 2Q 2 13 When the rod is released, it will rotate with

3) x  4) x  an angular frequency ω equal to
40 mv 2 0 mv 2
 2qE   qE 1/2 1  qE 
1/2 1/2
 qE 1/ 2
Comprehension - III : ( 9 - 11) 
1)  
 2)   
3)   4)  
 ML   ML  2ML 2  ML
Two plane parallel to conducting plates 1.5 cm
apart are held horizontally one above the other 14. The minimum time taken by the rod to align
in air. The upper plate is maintained at a itself parallel to the electric field after it is set
positive potential of 1.5 kV while the lower plate free is given by
is earthed. An oil drop of mass 4.9  10-15 kg   ML 
1/ 2
 ML1/2
1)   2) 2 
and radius 5.0  10-6 m is stationary between 2  2qE   qE 
the plates. The density of air is negligible
2ML  ML 
1/2 1/ 2
compared to that of the oil. The coefficient of 
3) 2  
4) 2 
viscosity of air is 1.8 10-5 Nsm-2.  qE   2qE 
AKASH MULTIMEDIA 79
 ELECTRIC FIELD AND POTENTIAL PHYSICS - II B

ANSWERS 6. An electric dipole is kept in non-uniform

electric field. It experiences
1) 2 2) 1 3) 1 4) 4 5) 3 1) A force and a torque (AIIMS 2003; DCE 2001)
6) 1 7) 4 8) 1 9) 2 10) 3 2) A force but not a torque
11) 4 12) 1 13) 2 14) 1 3) A torque but not a force
4) neither a force nor a torque
AIEEE 7. If Ea be the electric field strength of a short
dipole at a point on its axial line and Ee that on
EXERCISE-IV i the equatorial line at the same distance, then
1. An electric dipole kept in a uniform electric (MP PET 1999; J & K CET 2004)
field experiences 1) Ee = 2Ea 2) Ea = 2Ee
1) a force and a torque 3) Ea = Ee 4) None of the above
2) a force but not a torque 8. Electric charges q, q , – 2q are placed at the
3) a torque but not a force corners of an equilateral triangle ABC of side
4) neither a force nor a torque l. The magnitude of electric dipole moment of
2. The value of electric potential at any point due the system is [MP PMT
  1994]
 1
to any electric dipole is k   1) q 2) 2q 3) 3q 4) 4q
 4 0

9. The electric intensity due to a dipole of length
(MP PMT 2004) 10 cm and having a charge of 500 C , at a
    point on the axis at a distance 20 cm from one
pr pr
1) k . 2 2) k . 3 of the charges in air, is (CBSE PMT 2001)
r r
7
1) 6.25  10 N / C 2) 9.28  10 7 N / C
 
p.r p.r 11
3) 13.1 11 N / C 4) 20.5  10 7 N / C
3) k . 2 4) k . 3
r r 10. An electric dipole of moment p is placed with

3. An electric dipole of moment p placed in a its centre at the origin along the x–axis. The

uniform electric field E has minimum electric field at a point P, whose position vector

potential energy when the angle between p makes an angle  with the x–axis, will make

and E is (UPSEAT 2004) an angle ....... with the x–axis, when
 3 tan   (tan  ) / 2 (MP PMT 1994)
1) zero 2) 3)  4)
2 2 1)  2)  3)    4)   2
4. What is the angle between the electric dipole 11. An electric dipole consisting of two opposite
moment and the electric field strength due to charges 2 × 10–6C each separated by a distance
it on the equatorial line (AFMC 2000) of 3 cm is placed in an electric field of 2×105N/ C.
0 0
1) 0 2) 90 The maximum torque on the dipole will be
3) 1800 4) None of these (MP PMT 1984)
1) 12  10 1 Nm 2) 12  10 3 Nm
5. An electric dipole is placed at an angle of 30º
3) 24  10 1 Nm 4) 24  10 3 Nm
to a non-uniform electric field. The dipole will
experience (AIEEE 2006) 12. A molecule with a dipole moment p is placed
1) a translational force only in the direction of in electric field of strength E. Initially the
the field dipole is aligned parallel to the field. If the
2) a translational force only in a direction normal dipole is to be rotated to be anti– parallel to
to the direction of the field the field, the work required to be done by an
3) a torque as well as a translational force external agency is [UPSEAT 2004]
4) a torque only 1) – 2pE 2) – pE 3) pE 4) 2pE

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13. An electric dipole of moment P is placed in the   1

 3
position of stable equilibrium in uniform 1) 2) 3  tan  2 
electric field of intensity E. It is rotated 3  
through an angle  from the intial position. 2 1
 3
The potential energy of electric dipole in the 3) 4) tan  2 
3  
position is [MP PET 1993]
1) pE cos  2) pE sin 19. For a dipole q = 2×10 –6 C and d = 0.01m.
Calculate the maximum torque for this dipole
3) pE(1  cos ) 4) pEcos  if E = 5×105N/C. (RPMT 2003)
14. Two opposite and equal charges 4 × 10–8 coulomb –3
1) 1×10 Nm 2) 10×10–3 Nm
when placed 2 × 10–2 cm away, from a dipole. 3) 10×10 Nm–2
4) 1×102 Nm
If this dipole is placed in an external electric
field 4 × 108newton/coulomb, the value of 20. The potential at a point due to an electric dipole
maximum torque and the work done in will be maximum and minimum when the
rotating it through 1800 will be angles between the axis of the dipole and the
1) 64  10  4 Nm and 64  10  4 J line joining the point to the dipole are
2) 32  10  4 Nm and 32  10  4 J respectively. (MP PMT 2002)
0 0
3) 64  10  4 Nm and 32  10  4 J 1) 90 and 180 2) 0 and 900
0

4) 32  10  4 Nm and 64  10  4 J 3) 900 and 00 4) 00 and 1800


15. Two charges + 3.2×10 –19 C and – 3.2×10 –19 C 21. An electric dipole of moment p is placed
placed at 2.4A0 apart form an electric dipole. normal to the lines of force of electric intensity
It is placed in a uniform electric field of 
E , then the work done in deflecting it through
intensity 4×10 5 volt/m. The electric dipole- an angle of 1800 is (BVP 2003)
moment is
1) 15.36 × 10 –29coulomb × m 1) pE 2) + 2pE 3) – 2pE 4) Zero
2) 15.36 × 10 –19coulomb × m 22. An electric dipole has the magnitude of its
3) 7.68 × 10–29coulomb × m charge as q and its dipole moment is p. It is
4) 7.68 × 10–19coulomb × m placed in a uniform electric field E. If its dipole
moment is along the direction of the field, the
16. The electric field due to an electric dipole at a force on it and its potential energy are
distance from its centre position is E. If the respectively. (CBSE PMT 2004)
dipole is rotated through an angle of 900 about
1) 2q.E and minimum 2) q.E and p.E
its perpendicular axis, electric field at the same
point will be [J&KCET 2000] 3) Zero and minimum 4) q.E and maximum
1) E 2) E/4 3) E/2 4) 2E 23. Two electric dipoles of moment P and 64P are
placed opposite direction on a line at a distance
17. A given charge is situated at a certain distance
of 25 cm. The electric field will be zero at a
from an electric dipole in the end–on position
experiences a force F. If the distance of the point between the dipoles with a distance from
charge is doubled, the force acting on the the dipole of moment P is (MP PET 2002)
charge will be (MNR 1986) 25 4
1) 5 cm 2) cm 3) 10 cm 4) cm
1) 2F 2) F/2 3) F/4 4) F/8 9 13
18. An electric dipole is placed along the x–axis ANSWERS
at the origin O. A point P is at a distance of 20 1) 3 2) 4 3) 1 4) 3 5) 3
cm from this origin such that OP makes an 6) 1 7) 2 8) 3 9) 1 10) 3
angle  / 3 with the x–axis. If the electric field 11) 2 12) 4 13) 4 14) 4 15) 3
at P makes an angle  with the x–axis, the 16) 3 17) 4 18) 2 19) 2 20) 4
value of  would be (MP PMT 1997) 21) 4 22) 3 23) 1

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