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    3.4 Notes Factoring

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    faganm
    1. When factoring polynomials, always look for a greatest common factor (GCF) first. The GCF is the largest monomial that divides all terms. 2. For trinomials with a leading coefficient of 1, use the factoring method of finding two numbers whose sum is the coefficient of the linear term and whose product is the constant term. 3. There are multiple methods for factoring trinomials when the leading coefficient is not 1, including guessing and checking factors, grouping, sliding and dividing, and using a diamond diagram.

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    3.4 Notes Factoring

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    faganm
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    1. When factoring polynomials, always look for a greatest common factor (GCF) first. The GCF is the largest monomial that divides all terms. 2. For trinomials with a leading coefficient of 1, use the factoring method of finding two numbers whose sum is the coefficient of the linear term and whose product is the constant term. 3. There are multiple methods for factoring trinomials when the leading coefficient is not 1, including guessing and checking factors, grouping, sliding and dividing, and using a diamond diagram.

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    1. When factoring polynomials, always look for a greatest common factor (GCF) first. The GCF is the largest monomial that divides all terms. 2. For trinomials with a leading coefficient of 1, use the factoring method of finding two numbers whose sum is the coefficient of the linear term and whose product is the constant term. 3. There are multiple methods for factoring trinomials when the leading coefficient is not 1, including guessing and checking factors, grouping, sliding and dividing, and using a diamond diagram.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    23 views9 pages

    3.4 Notes Factoring

    Uploaded by

    faganm
    1. When factoring polynomials, always look for a greatest common factor (GCF) first. The GCF is the largest monomial that divides all terms. 2. For trinomials with a leading coefficient of 1, use the factoring method of finding two numbers whose sum is the coefficient of the linear term and whose product is the constant term. 3. There are multiple methods for factoring trinomials when the leading coefficient is not 1, including guessing and checking factors, grouping, sliding and dividing, and using a diamond diagram.

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    3.

    3 Notes Factoring

    Factoring
    Always look for a Greatest Common Factor FIRST!!!

    2 TERMS 3 TERMS 4 TERMS


    (Must be in one of the following forms (Diamond, Slide & Divide, (Grouping)
    to factor with two terms) or Guess-and-check)

    Group first two & last two terms and see if


    each pair has a GCF.
    Difference of Two Perfect Squares Guess and check (or use some other method) (note: you may need to change order of the
    a2 – b2 = (a + b)( a – b) terms)
    2x3 – 8x2 + 3x – 12
    Guess & Check
    1. List the factors for the first coefficient and
    the constant. THEN
    O 2x2 + 3x – 5
    R
    2 = 2, 1 5 = 5, 1 If the GCF of each pair results in a common
    Sum Of Cubes - SOAP binomial, factor out the binomial.
    2. Place the 1 set of factors in the
    a3 + b3 = (a+b)(a2 - ab + b2) parenthesis. 2x2(x – 4) + 3(x – 4)
    FOIL to check.
    (2x + 1)(x – 5) or (2x – 5)(x + 1) THEN
    O 2x2 – 9x – 5 2x2 – 3x – 5
    R Write the binomial times the binomial created
    Difference of Cubes - SOAP 3. If your numbers are correct except for the by the terms left when the GCF binomial was
    pulled out.
    signs, simply change the signs.
    a3 - b3 = (a-b)(a2 + ab + b2) (2x + 5)(x 1) (x – 4 )(2x2 + 3)
    2x2 + 3x – 5

    1. If nothing can be done to the original expression, then it is PRIME.


    2. Check to see if any of your final answers will factor further.
    3. Check your answer by multiplying.
    Binomials
    have two
    terms!
    Factoring Binomials

    If the binomial is the difference of 2 squares, use x2 – y2 = (x + y)(x - y).

    NOTE: The sum of 2 squares cannot be factored!!! x2 + y2 is “prime”!

    Factor:

    a) x2 – 4 b) x2 + 25 c) 4x2 – 49

    d) 2𝑥 2 − 72 e) 36𝑎2 𝑏 2 − 81𝑥 4 𝑦 6 f) 𝑥 4 − 16

    If the binomial is the sum or difference of 2 cubes, use


    x3 + y3 = (x + y)(x2 – xy + y2) OR x3 - y3 = (x - y)(x2 + xy + y2).

    Hint: Think “SOAP”

    Examples Factor:

    a) x3 + 8 b) x3 + 64 c) x3 – 27

    d) 8x3 – 1 e) 125x3 + 27y3z3


    GCF means
    “greatest
    common
    Factoring GCFs & by Grouping
    factor”

    Working backwards to figure out which polynomials multiplied together will produce a certain product is called “factoring”. When factoring, always check
    first to see if the terms of the polynomial you are factoring have a greatest common factor (GCF).

    The greatest common factor, GCF, is the product of the greatest common
    factor of the numerical coefficients and the highest power of every
    variable that is a factor of each monomial.

    For example, consider the monomials 10x2y3 and 15xy2. The GCF is 5xy2 because 5 is the highest integer that will divide evenly into both 10 and 15, the
    highest power of x that is contained in both terms is x, and the highest power of y that is contained in both terms is y2.

    When factoring polynomials, first look for the largest monomial which is a factor of each term of the polynomial. Factor out (divide each term by) this
    largest monomial.

    Examples Factor by finding the GCF.

    a. 16m2n + 12mn2

    b. 5k3p – 3kp2 + k3p5

    c. 6x2y + 3xy5 – 9x3y3

    d. 22m3n5 – 11m2p

    e. -3x2 – 9

    f. 10x3y2z2 + 5x2y2z – 5xyz


    In some cases, there is not a GCF for ALL of the terms in a polynomials. If you have 4 terms with no GCF, then try factoring by grouping.

    Factoring by Grouping
    1. Group the first 2 terms together and the last 2 terms together.
    2. Factor out the GCF from each binomial.
    3. Factor out the common binomial.

    Examples Factor:

    a) x3 + 5x2 - 2x – 10 b) x3 + 3x2 - 9x – 27

    c) 3x3 - 2x2 - 6x + 4 d) x3 - x2 - 5x + 5

    e) 5x3 - 3x2 - 10x + 6 f) 2x3 – 3x2 – 8x + 12


    ax2 + bx + c
    when a = 1
    Factoring Trinomials

    If the coefficient of x2 is 1, then x2 + bx + c = (x + m)(x + n) where m and n


    multiply to give c AND m and n add to give b.

    Examples Factor:

    g. x2 + 3x + 2

    h. x2 + 6x + 5

    i. x2 + 9x + 18

    j. x2 + 6x + 9

    k. x2 + 14x + 45

    If the coefficient of x2 is 1, then x2 - bx + c = (x - m)(x - n) where m and n


    multiply to give c AND m and n add to give b.

    Examples Factor:

    a. x2 - 6x + 8

    b. x2 - 11x + 30

    c. x2 - 9x + 8

    d. x2 - 8x + 16

    e. x2 - 12x + 27
    Continue to think m and n multiply to give c (it’s negative) AND m and n
    (one is positive, the other is negative) add to give b for the forms
    x2 + bx - c OR x2 - bx - c = (x + m)(x – n).

    Examples Factor:

    a) x2 + x – 12 b) x2 + 2x – 15 c) x2 - 2x - 15

    d) x2 - 4x – 5 e) x2 + 5x – 36 f) x2 - 2x – 15

    g) x2 - x – 72 h) x2 + 5x – 14 i) x2 + 8x - 9

    SPECIAL CASE: If you recognize that the trinomial is a perfect square trinomial,
    then you can factor it as a binomial squared. In other words,
    x2 + 2xy + y2 = (x + y)(x + y) = (x + y)2 OR x2 - 2xy + y2 = (x - y)(x - y) = (x - y)2.

    Examples Factor: Challenge: Can you factor these when a ≠ 1?


    9x2 + 42x + 49
    a) x2 + 6x + 9
    25x2 - 90x + 81
    2
    b) x + 12x + 36
    16x2 + 24x + 9
    2
    c) x - 8x + 16

    25x2 - 90x + 81
    ax2 + bx + c
    Factoring Trinomials when a ≠ 1

    If the coefficient of x2 is not 1, then use a method below to factor the


    trinomial.

    Method 1: Guess and Check Method 2: Grouping

    Factor 2x2 + 13x + 15 Factor 2x2 + 13x + 15

    Method 3: Slide and Divide Method 4: Diamond

    Factor 2x2 + 13x + 15 Factor 2x2 + 13x + 15


    Another Example . . .

    Method 1: Guess and Check Method 2: Grouping

    Factor 4x2 - 4x - 15 Factor 4x2 - 4x - 15

    Method 3: Slide and Divide Method 4: Diamond

    Factor 4x2 - 4x - 15 Factor 4x2 - 4x - 15

    Examples Factor:

    a) 3x2 - 16x + 5 b) 4x2 + 7x + 3

    c) 2x2 + 7x – 9 d) 4x2 + 5x – 6
    If you are given a polynomial expression to factor completely, ask
    yourself:
    1. Is there a GCF?
    2. Is the expression a binomial?
    3. Is the expression a trinomial?
    4. Does the expression have 4 terms?

    Examples Factor completely:

    a) 3x2 - 24x – 27 b) 9x2 + 48x + 64 c) 9x2 + 1

    d) -x2 + 5x – 4 e) x2 - 7x + 1 f) x2 -18x + 81

    g) 2x3 – 3x2 – 8x + 12 h) 2x4 – 32 i) 16x3 + 250

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