FOOD AND HEALTH 1 Answer Key Possible answer(s): 1.

I like
healthy foods such as nuts, fruits, and vegetables. I really like
unhealthy foods like cake and chocolate, too! 2. I think people ate
healthier in the past because less sugar was used. It might have
been too expensive for people to buy processed foods in the past,
but now processed foods are often cheaper than organic foods. 1A
SWEET LOVE Answer Key Before You Read A. 1. c; 2. b; 3. d; 4. e; 5.
a B. Possible answer(s): Sugar tastes great and people have gotten
used to its taste. The first paragraph of the reading text states that
it is because sugar is an addictive drug. Reading Comprehension A.
1. a; 2. c; 3. c; 4. b (Para D); 5. c (Para C) B. 1. High blood pressure
(Para B); 2. To replace taste (Para D); 3. Healthier options; fruit (Para
E) Reading Skill A. 1. a; 2. a; 3. b B. 1. avoid sugar because it’s in so
many foods; 2. are fighting back against sugar with healthier
options. Critical Thinking Possible answer(s): juice, water, pizza,
hamburgers, pasta, rice, vegetables, fruit, eggs, fries, steak,
chicken, bread, ice cream Possible answer(s): I should probably cut
down on juice and ice cream. I learned that some foods like bread
can actually have a lot of sugar, too. Vocabulary Practice A. 1. drug;
2. recommended; 3. addiction

UNIT 2 CALL OF THE WILD WARM UP Possible answer(s):

1. The wolf is howling as a way to communicate. This wolf could be howling to show its
location, to warn other wolves about danger, or to say that prey is nearby. 2. Animals
communicate with sounds, body language, and movements. READING 2A SONG OF THE
HUMPBACK Before You Read A. 1. often; 2. small fish; 3. making sounds B. Students should
scan the article to check answers to activity A. Reading Comprehension A. 1. b; 2. a (Para D);
3. a; 4. c (Para E); 5. b B. 1. c; 2. a; 3. b; 4. d
2. Reading Skill A. 1. a; 2. a; 3. b B. 1. the whale’s voice; 2. Douglas Chadwick; 3. the humpback;
4. the humpback (a different whale from 3)
3. Critical Thinking In paragraph D, the author says that the reasons are unknown. However,
one theory is that males want to let other males know they are in the area. Possible
answer(s): Whales might communicate to be social, to point out food or danger, or to ask for
help.
4. Vocabulary Practice A. 1. single; 2. aware; 3. Apparently; 4. experience; 5. record B. 1.
complex; 2. season; 3. unknown; 4. interact; 5. curious C. 1. view; 2. national; 3. action
READING 2B THE 1,000-YEAR BIRD SONG Before You Read A. The great horned owl and the
lyrebird communicate in interesting ways. The owl uses a great variety of different calls to
communicate very specific things. The lyrebird can copy other birds’ sounds and even mimic
man-made sounds like car alarms! B. The bird in the passage is the swamp sparrow. Its call is
very special because it has been passed down between generations for possibly 1,000 years.
Reading Comprehension A. 1. c; 2. a; 3. a (Para E); 4. b (Para E); 5. c B. 1. T (Para B); 2. T (Para
C); 3. F (Para D); 4. NG; 5. T (Para G) Reading Skill A. 1. place: North America’s wetlands (Para
A); 2. name: Robert Lachlan (Para B), Andrew Farnsworth (Para G); 3. date: 2008- -- 2009
(Para D); 4. number: 615 (Para D); 5. reason: to break each song up into syllables (Para D) B.
1. F (cities, roads, plantations); 2. E (allows the birds to create traditions that last for
centuries, the song-types in the marshes of North America today may well have been there
1,000 years ago); 3. G (scientists may be able to identify how other animals are able to
preserve their cultural traditions); 4. B (like humans, baby swamp sparrows learn to
communicate by copying adults.) Critical Thinking Possible answer(s): A celebrity might
change his or her hairstyle, and suddenly everyone wants the same style. A new smartphone
is released, and everyone wants to have it. A new word to mean ‘‘very good’’ becomes
popular, and soon it is part of everyone’s vocabulary. Vocabulary Practice A. 1. humans; 2.
aspect; 3. standard; 4. exchange; 5. evolved B. 1. b; 2. a; 3. e; 4. c; 5. d C. 1. combine;
creation; evolution 2. a. combination; b. evolution; c. create; d. evolves
 Reading EXPLORER 1

Answers Contents

Unit 1 – Amazing Animals Unit 2 – Travel and

Adventure Unit 3 – Music Festivals Unit 4
– Other Worlds Unit 5 – City Living Unit 6
– Clothing Fashion Unit 7 – Dinosaurs Come Alive
Unit 8 – Stories and Storytellers Unit 9 –
Tough Jobs Unit 10 – Pyramid Builders Unit
11 – Legends of the Sea Unit 12 –
Vanished! Unit 1 Amazing Animals Lesson 1A Animal
Intelligence Lesson Overview Answer Key Target Vocabulary: Before You
Read advantage, allike, assist, conversation, intelligent, method, smart,
specific, strategy. system A.* 1. T; 2. T; 3. T;
4. F. Most bottlenose dolphins live in groups, called pods.
B. b. things dolphins do Reading Passage Summary:
Like humans, dolphins can plan, communicate ideas, and have
fun. Reading Comprehension A. 1. a; 2. b (lines
10-14); 3. b (lines 26-30); 4. c; 5. a B. Humans: c;
Dolphins: g; Both: a, b, d, e, f and h
Vocabulary Practice A. 1. intelligent; 2. strategy; 3.
system;4. conversation B. 1. method; 2. assist; 3. alike;
4. advantage; 5. specific; 6. smart Lesson 1B Artistic
Animals Lesson Overview Answer Key Target Vocabulary: Before You
Read artist, creative, earn, encourage, gentle, huge, performance,
popular, properly, trainer A. Students label the photograph: 1.
trunk; 2. xylophone; 3. elephant; 4. instruments; 5. drum
B. paint, play music, play soccer Reading Passage Summary:
Elephants at a conservation center in Thailand paint
pictures and play in an elephant orchestra. Reading
Comprehension A. 1. d; 2. b; 3. c; 4. b;
5. a B. Paragraph 1. b; Paragraph 2. e; Paragraph
3. a; Paragraph 4. d Vocabulary Practice A. 1.
trainers; 2. encourage; 3. creative; 4. artists; 5. earn
B. 1. a; 2. a; 3. a; 4. b; 5. a
Explore More! Answer Key A.1. monkey; 2. trainer; 3. coconut;
4. rope B. 1. intelligent; 2. trainer; 3. encourages; 4.
advantage; 5. method; 6. popular; 7. huge; 8. earn;
 9. assistance C. 1. Somporn Saewkwo trains monkeys this
way: • First, he holds the monkey’s hands. • Next, he
shows the animal how to spin a coconut to take it
from a tree. • Later, he takes the monkey to a
high tree, and he encourages the animal to climb up to
pick the fruit. The monkey wears a rope, so Saewkwo
can direct the animal from the ground.2. Answers will vary
but should include an example that indicates intelligence. Unit 2
Travel and Adventure Lesson 2A Adventure Destinations Lesson
Overview Answer Key Target Vocabulary: Before You Read abroad,
advice, ancient, baggage, especially, eventually, formed, polite,
relaxed, trip A. hike, camp, cruise, swim B. 1. They
started in Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, and ended in Ushuaia,
Argentina. They rode bikes; 2. They traveled 30,500 km or
19,000 miles. Reading Passage Summary: Two friends bike from
Alaska to Argentina. Reading Comprehension A. 1. a;
2. d (lines 19–21); 3. b (lines 11–12); 4. a; 5. c
B. 4 (from map), 6 (lines 18–19), 1 (lines 4–5), 2 (lines
6–7), 5 (lines 19–21), 3 (lines 8–9) Vocabulary Practice A. 1.
ancient; 2. formed; 3. abroad B. 1. advice; 2.
especially; 3. baggage; 4. trip; 5. relax; 6. eventually
Lesson 2B Extreme Activities Lesson Overview Answer Key Target
Vocabulary: Before You Read century, escape, extreme, familiar,
goal, hit, native, religious, strength, tie A. 1. Tonga,
Vanuatu, New Zealand; 2. a, c, b, d B. b.
dangerous Reading Passage Summary: Reading Comprehension
The South Pacific nation of Vanuatu [van wha too] offers
visitors two of the most excitingand dangerous activities in
the world: volcanosurfing and land diving. A. 1. b; 2. c
(lines 10–11); 3. d (lines 19–20); 4. a; 5. b B.
Volcano surfing: b, c, and f; Land diving: a, d, and
e; Both: g Vocabulary Practice A. 1. religious; 2.
familiar; 3. tie; 4. goal; 5. escape; 6. hit; 7.
century; 8. natives;9. strength B. 1. century; 2.
escape; 3. goal; 4. native; 5. hit; 6. familiar; 7. tie
Explore More! Answer Key A. 1. a; 2. b B. 1.
extreme; 2. century; 3. religious; 4. advice; 5. relax;
6. especially; 7. hit; 8. natives;9. tie; 10. goal C.
1. It was a religious and fertility ritual that also tested
men’s bravery. 2. Answers will vary according to
personal opinion, but responses should say why an
activity is the most dangerous. Unit 3 MusicalFestivals
Lesson 3A A World of Music Lesson Overview Answer Key Target
Vocabulary: Before You Read attitudes, audience, background,
belong (to), clubs, despite, face, female, issues, peace A. 1. rhythm;
 2. teenagers; 3. hardships; 4. slaves B. c. Hip-hop
in two countries Reading Passage Summary: Reading
Comprehension People describe hip-hopmusic in their countries.
A. 1. c; 2. d (line 9); 3. b (lines 13–15); 4.
d (lines 20–28); 5. d B. 1. Assane N’Diaye: b and
c; 2. Shameema: a and d; 3. Both: e Vocabulary
Practice A. 1. female; 2. belongs; 3. club; 4. background;
5. Despite B. 1. issues; 2. face; 3. peace; 4. attitudes;
5. audiences Lesson 3B Carnival Time! Lesson Overview
Answer Key Target Vocabulary: Before You Read differ, fill, heavily,
influenced, invented, lively, mix, organization, population, region A.
Answers will vary. Possible answers are: All of the
festivals have parades. The celebrations in New Orleans,
Venice, and Rio all feature costumes. Elaborate costumes are
also worn in Port of Spain, but that is not indicated
in the text or photo. Three of the sites have a
particular kind of music (jazz, soca, and samba), but
nothingis mentioned about music in Venice. Venice is unique in
that its festival occurs on boats. B. b. a type of music
Reading Passage Summary: Bahia, a region in eastern Brazil,
is home of samba reggae, a mix of African,Caribbean, and
South American musical styles. Reading Comprehension A. 1.
b; 2. c (lines 16–17); 3. a (line 20); 4. b (lines
15–16); 5. a (line 17) B. 6. eastern (line 11); 7. drums
(lines 18–19); 8. Jamaican reggae (lines 16–17); 9. invented (lines 21–
22); 10. (local) organizations (lines 23–25) Vocabulary Practice A. 1.
mix; 2. lively; 3. region; 4. influenced; 5. organization B.
1. b; 2. a; 3. a; 4. b; 5. a Explore More!
Video Summary: The countryof Trinidad and Tobago invented
a musical instrument called steelband. Learn about its history and
the importance of this music to the people of Trinidad.
Answer Key A. Oil drums called pans are hammered until they
are tuned to certain pitches.The pans come in different sizes
and are usually played by a large group of performers. B.
1. lively; 2. fills; 3. backgrounds; 4. invented; 5.
influenced; 6. region; 7. Despite; 8. belongsto C. 1.
If you “play music by ear,” you play music by listening
to it. You do not read music. 2. Steelband music is
mostly instrumental instead of a combination of singing and
instruments. A steelband group has mostly one kind of
instrument, many steel drums of different sizes. Vocabulary
Building 1 Answer Key A. Red words: organization; decision;
defi nition; explanation; invention; permission; population; regulation;
vacation; Sealandreading: 1. population; 2. invented; 3.
permission; 4. definition; 5. vacation; 6. regulations B.
Phrases: take a trip (in title), take a break, take
advantage of, take place in, take our advice, take a
(camel) ride (in the caption of picture); Sentences: 1. take
a break; 2. take a trip; 3. take advantage of; 4.
take (someone’s) advice; 5. takes place Unit 4 Other Worlds
Lesson 4A Making ContactLesson Overview Answer Key Target Vocabulary:
Before You Read allow, circle, contact, distance, entire, identify,
messages, powerful, search, tools A. 1. galaxy; 2. stars; 3.
astronomer; 4. telescope; 5. solar system;6. planets Reading
Passage Summary: B. 1. a; 2. One reason is the
amountof time since the universe started.The other main
reason is the huge number of galaxiesand stars. Two
astronomers explain why they believe intelligent life exists elsewhere
in the universe and how we may soon make contact with
these beings. Reading Comprehension A. 1. b (lines 3–6);
2. d (lines 8 and 12); 3. b (lines 20–23); 4. b
(lines 22–24); 5. c B. 1. 12 billion years; 2. huge; 3.
galaxies; 4. smaller; 5. radio signals Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. powerful; 2. messages; 3. searching for; 4.
identify; 5. tools B. 1. a; 2. a; 3. b; 4.
b; 5. a Lesson 4B Living on the Red Planet Lesson
Overview Answer Key Target Vocabulary: Before You Read advances,
benefit,independent, journey, medicine, neighbor, settlers, spread out,
surface, survive A. 1. rocket; 2. astronauts; 3. establish;
4. colony B. Answers will vary. Reading Passage
Summary: Reading Comprehension The next generation of
space explorers wants to establish permanent bases on the
moon and possibly Mars and other Earth-like planets. A.
1. a; 2. c (lines 7–9); 3. d (lines 11–12); 4. c
(lines 1–6); 5. b B. Reasons for: 1. living (lines 16–17); 2.
new human societies (lines 17–18); 3. science, technology,
benefit (lines 19–20); Reasons against:1. expensive (line 22); 2.
health problems (lines 24–26); 3. difficult, stay indoors (27–29)
Vocabulary Practice A. 1. settlers; 2. survive;3.
surface; 4. independent; 5. journeys B. 1. b; 2.
a; 3. b; 4. b; 5. a Explore More! Video Summary:
Learn some basic information about the moon and how it
influences life on Earth. Answer Key A. 1. debris; 2.
atmosphere; 3. cycle B. 1. powerful; 2. neighbor; 3.
distance; 4. tool; 5. journey; 6. message; 7.
surface; 8. circles; 9. entire C. 1. The moon is about
one quarter the size of Earth. It formed about 4.6 billion years
ago from rock and debris from Earth. 2. In the past, some
people thought the moon was made of cheese. Others believed
the moon could change people into werewolves. Unit 5 City Living
 Lesson 5A Urban Explosion Lesson Overview Answer Key Target
Vocabulary: Before You Read challenges, colorful, electricity,
exercise, fix, growth,property, remove, traffic, ugly A. 1. New
York; 2. 21 cities; Most of the cities will be in Asia.
The three largest cities will be Tokyo, Japan (27.2 million),
Dhaka, Bangladesh (22.8 million), and Mumbai, India (22.6
million); 3. problems with housing, pollution, and crime
B. Possible answers: Have the government provide low-cost
housingand better public transportation, and have city recycling
programs to reduce pollution and waste. Reading Passage
Summary: Find out what Hyderabad, India, and São Paulo, Brazil,
are doing to improve the lives of their residents.
Reading Comprehension A. 1. a (lines 11–12); 2. b;
3. b (lines 15–17); 4. d (lines 30–31); 5. d (lines 28–
29) B. 1. Hyderabad: b, c, and e; 2. São Paulo: a
and f; 3. Both: d Vocabulary Practice A. 1. colorful;
2. grow; 3. challenge; 4. exercise; 5. traffic B. 1.
a; 2. b; 3. a; 4. a; 5. b Lesson 5B City
of the Future Lesson Overview Answer Key Target Vocabulary:
Before You Read annual, construction, global, increasing, kids, particularly,
shaped,successful, tourists, welcome A. 1. port; 2.
merchants; 3. trade; 4. skyscrapers; 5. shopping malls B.
Dubai’s population, vacationing in Dubai, building and growth in
Dubai, doing business in Dubai Reading Passage Summary:
How Dubai transformed from a small city into one of the
world’s fastest-growing cities. Reading Comprehension A. 1. b
(line 19); 2. c (lines 7–8); 3. a (lines 13–14); 4. b
(line 16); 5. c (lines 31– 32) B. 1. business (line 14);
2. fastest (line 19); 3. 150 (line 25); 4. eight (lines 26–
27); 5. beaches (line 17); 6. shopping (line 18) Vocabulary
Practice A. 1. particularly; 2. successful; 3. construction;
4. shaped;5. tourists B. 1. welcome; 2. annual; 3.
global; 4. kids; 5. increasingly Explore More! Answer Key A. 1.
gondola; 2. gondolier; 3. canal B. 1. Increasingly; 2.
particularly; 3. property; 4. kids; 5. welcomes; 6.
annually; 7. tourists; 8. challenges C. 1. Three
reasonswhy residents are leaving Venice: • Property is
becoming very expensive. • Residents have to deal with
crowds of tourists everywhere. • Jobs are hard to find. 2.
Possible answers: building low-cost housing, controlling
crowds,and developing new jobs. Unit 6 Clothing FashionLesson 6A
From Sandal to Space Boot Lesson Overview Answer Key Target
Vocabulary: Before You Read beyond, comfortable, costly, futuristic,
heat, pair, range, rocky, stylish, weigh A. Students circle an
example of each kind of shoe. 1. sneaker; 2. high
 heels; 3. sandal; 4. boot B. The high heel was designed by
a famous shoe designer. The boot is meant for astronauts
to wear in space. Reading Passage Summary: Two shoe
innovators explain why they design shoes and what makes their
creations special. Reading Comprehension A. 1. c; 2.
b (lines 8–9); 3. b (lines 24–26); 4. b (lines 11–12); 5.
d (lines 24–25) B. 1. ManoloBlahnik: c and e; 2.
Dave Graziosi: a and b; 3. Both: d Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. costly; 2. heat; 3. comfortable; 4. stylish; 5. range
B. 1. beyond; 2. pairs; 3. futuristic; 4. weigh
Lesson 6B The Silk Story Lesson Overview Answer Key Target
Vocabulary: Before You Read cloth, discovery, insect, jacket, legend,
nowadays, rare, unbroken, valuable, worth A. 1. silkworms;
2. fiber; 3. cocoon; 4. weave B. China was the first
countryto use silk. Reading Passage Summary: Reading
Comprehension Follow silk across time and continents to learn
about its history and some of its modern uses. A. 1.
c; 2. d (lines 2–3); 3. a (lines 21–22); 4. b (lines
8–9); 5. d (line 22) B. Rome 3 (around 1 A.D.),
China 1 (over 4,000 years ago), Mexico 5 (1522), Japan 4
(around 300), India 2 (about 1,500 B.C.) Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. b; 2. b; 3. a; 4. b B. 1.
Nowadays; 2. rare; 3. legends; 4. discovery; 5. cloth;
6. worth Explore More! Video Summary: Find out how the
people in the Vietnamese town of Vong Nguyet have made silk
in the traditional way for 1,200 years. Answer Key A.
Answers will vary. B. 1. stylish; 2. rarely; 3. insect; 4.
unbroken; 5. ranges; 6. heat; 7. Nowadays; 8. cloth; 9.
jackets C. 1. Students close their books and tell a
partner about silkmaking in their own words. 2. Students might
mention special costumes that people wear for holidays or
festivals. Alternatively, they may mention a fabric or
material from their countrythat is well known. Vocabulary Building
2 Answer Key A. Red words: unimportant, uncomfortable, impolite,
incorrect, unsuccessful, imperfect, indirect, inexperienced, unlikely1.
uncomfortable; 2. impolite; 3. unsuccessful; 4. Inexperienced; 5.
incorrect B. Phrases: made a decision, making a lot
of money, make history, make sense, made a deal; Sentences: 1.
make a lot of money; 2. make a decision; 3. make
history; 4. makes sense; 5. make a deal Unit 7 Dinosaurs
Come Alive Lesson 7A Prehistoric Timeline Lesson Overview
Answer Key Target Vocabulary: Before You Read climate, completely,
giant, hunter, in reality, museum, opposite, physically, relatives,
speedy A. 1. reptiles; 2. 65 million years ago or at the
end of the Cretaceous Period; 3. a scientist who
 studies prehistoric life such as dinosaurs; 4. meat from other
animalsB. 1. no; 2. no; 3. no; 4. yes Reading
Passage Summary: Find out whether information you
learned about dinosaurs from museums and movies is fact or
fiction. Reading Comprehension A. 1. b (entire passage);
2. d (lines 11–13); 3. d (lines 21–22); 4. a (lines 25–
26); 5. c (lines 28–30) B. 1. T (lines 7–8); 2. F (lines
11–13); 3. F (line 9); 4. F (lines 16–17); 5. NG; 6.
T (lines 33–34) Vocabulary Practice A. 1. in reality; 2.
giant; 3. completely; 4. physically; 5. museum B. 1.
relative; 2. speedy;3. hunter; 4. climate Lesson 7B Strange
Dinosaurs Lesson Overview Answer Key Target Vocabulary: Before You
Read appearance, estimate, examine, extend, length, mystery,
opinion, seek, terrible, unanswered A. 1. horns; 2. claws;
3. unearth; 4. fossils B. Very long claws; an animal many
times larger than a person Reading Passage Summary:
Reading Comprehension Meet Deinocheirus [die nuh kai rus],
one of the most puzzling dinosaurs ever discovered. A. 1.
d; 2. b (lines 6–9); 3. c (lines 18–19); 4. a (line
31); 5. d (lines 27–29) B. 1. terrible hand (line 11); 2.
in the1960s (line 6); 3. Mongolia (line 7); 4. arms
(lines 14–15); 5. 2.4 meters or 8 feet (lines 7–9); 6. huge
(lines 21–22); 7. T. rex (lines 22–23); 8. small (line 25); 9.
long arms (line 25); 10. climb trees, hunt for food (lines 26–27)
Vocabulary Practice A. 1. extended; 2. length; 3.
sought; 4. appearance; 5. estimate B. 1. b; 2. b;
3. a; 4. a; 5. b Explore More! Video Summary: Near
Sabinas, Mexico,recent fossil findingsare helping paleontologists learn more
about the dinosaurs and the climate that existed in this region
millionsof years ago. Answer Key A. 1. tail; 2. vertebra; 3.
rib; 4. back bone; 5. neck B. 1. giant; 2. length; 3.
climate; 4. completely; 5. seeking; 6. examining; 7.
hunting; 8. opinion; 9. museum C. 1. The mayor
of Sabinas probably feels very happy about the discovery of
the giant dinosaur in his town. People from around the world
will learn about it and perhaps visit his town. Unit 8
Stories and StorytellersLesson 8A Collectors of Tales Lesson Overview
Answer Key Target Vocabulary: Before You Read although, appropriate,
collect, magical, memorize, primarily, reflect, scary, soften, text A.
These are both famous European stories about children who get
lost in the forest. Reading Passage Summary: B. 1.
(Hanau) Germany; 2. the early 1800s (early nineteenth
century); 3. originally for adults, later for children The
Grimm brothers’ fairy tales are read and loved in more than
160 languages today. Learn where their stories came from and who
 they were originally written for. Reading Comprehension A.
1. a; 2. c (lines 8–10); 3. c (line 26); 4. b
(lines 29–30); 5. d (lines 32–33) B. 1. storytellers; 2. similar; 3.
forest; 4. adults; 5. children Vocabulary Practice A. 1.
collection; 2. magical; 3. scary; 4. primarily; 5.
memorized; 6. Although; 7. text; 8. reflected B. 1.
text; 2. primarily; 3. scary; 4. although; 5. appropriate;
6. collection; 7. reflect; 8. memorize Lesson 8B Once Upon
a Time Lesson Overview Answer Key Target Vocabulary: Before You
Read accidentally, affected, deeply, determined, hide, immediately, shock,
suddenly, youths A. 1. The couple had eight children: seven
sons and one daughter; 1. to get water from a well
for their sister; 2. The brothers started to fight and the
water jug fell into the well. B. Answers will vary.
Reading Passage Summary: In the Brothers Grimm’s story,
The Tale of the Seven Ravens,a sister searches for her
brothers who have been turned into ravens. Reading
Comprehension A. 1. c; 2. a (lines 5–6); 3. d
(lines 14–17); 4. c (lines 24–25); 5. b (lines 5–6 and 24–
25) B. a. 5; b. 6; c. 3; d. 1; e. 4; f.
2 Vocabulary Practice A. 1. determined; 2. youth; 3.
immediately; 4. affect; 5. deeply B. 1. a; 2. b; 3. b;
4. a; 5. a Explore More! Video Summary: A small town
in the U.S. state of New York is the setting for The
Legend of Sleepy Hollow, the story of a man terrorized by
a headless horseman. Answer Key A. The story is about
a headless horseman who scares people. B. 1. scary; 2.
youth; 3. deeply; 4. Suddenly; 5. recognize; 6. shocked;
7. Although; 8. collection C. 1. Answers will vary. 2.
Answers will vary. Unit 9 Tough Jobs Lesson 9A Wild
Weather Lesson Overview Answer Key Target Vocabulary: Before You
Read blow, direction, frequently, occur, potential, rely on,
responsible, skilled, terrifying, warn A. 1. debris; 2.
meteorologists;3. wind; 4. storm B. A tornado chaser places
a device called a turtle probe in the path of the storm, then
runs for safety. Reading Passage Summary: Storm chaser Tim
Samaras hunts tornadoes, hoping to discover exactly what
causes them to develop. Reading Comprehension A. 1.
a (paragraph 2); 2. c (line 3); 3. c (lines 11–
13); 4. d (lines 17–23); 5. c (line 23) B. Sequence is:
4, 7, 1, 3, 6, 2, 5 Vocabulary Practice A. 1.
occur; 2. frequently; 3. blow; 4. responsible; 5. rely on;
6. direction; 7. terrifying; 8. skilled; 9. potential B.
1. frequently; 2. terrifying; 3. skilled; 4. occurs; 5. rely
on; 6. responsible; 7. blows; 8. direction; 9. potential
 Lesson 9B Forests on Fire Lesson Overview Answer Key Target
Vocabulary: Before You Read capable, damage, destroy,
employ, equipment, height, majority, middle, occupation, race A. 1.
burn; 2. hectares; 3. wildfire B. Answers will vary.
Reading Passage Summary: Reading Comprehension Every
year, wildfires destroy millionsof hectares of land worldwide.
Learn what smokejumpers do to stop wildfi res. A. 1. b;
2. d (lines 12–13); 3. c (lines 22–23); 4. a (line 27);
5. b (lines 30–33) B. 1. difficult; 2. spreading; 3.
men, women; 4. 54–91; 5. survive/live; 6. long Vocabulary
Practice A. 1. employed; 2. race; 3. occupation; 4.
equipment; 5. capable; 6. majority B. 1. a; 2.
b; 3. b; 4. a Explore More! Video Summary: Follow
National Geographic photographer Mark Thiessen as he
chases a powerful wildfire across a desert in the United
States. Answer Key A. good points: it’s exciting, he gets
interesting photographs; bad points: it is dangerous and
exhausting work B. 1. destroy; 2. responsible; 3.
majority; 4. races; 5. occur; 6. frequently; 7. blowing;
8. height; 9. terrifying; 10. occupation; 11. skilled C. 1.
Mark Thiessen is a photographer and a firefighter.
Important skills for these jobs include the ability to use a
camera expertly, trainingin firefighting, common sense about
danger. 2. Answers will vary. Vocabulary Building 3
Answer Key A. a. advertisement; b. measurement; c. improvement;
d. investment; e. payment Unit 10 Pyramid Builders
Lesson 10A Ancient City: Teotihuacán Lesson Overview Answer Key Target
Vocabulary: Before You Read apparently, conclude, expert, govern, indicate,
interpret, offering, official, structure, wise A. 1. burial; 2.
archeologists; 3. abandon B. They found bones of people and
animals, weapons, and other objects.These may tell why
people and animalswere sacrificed and buried there. Reading
Passage Summary: Mexico’s Pyramid of the Moon is
helping archaeologists learn more about the ancient city and culture of
Teotihuacán. Reading Comprehension A. 1. b; 2. b
(line 10); 3. a (lines 14–17, 29–31); 4. b (line 21); 5.
d (line 32) B. 1. T; 2. T; 3. F; 4. F
Vocabulary Practice A. 1. structures; 2. governed; 3.
experts; 4. indicate; 5. Apparently; 6. wise B. 1.
b; 2. a; 3. b; 4. a Lesson 10B Wonders of
Egypt Lesson Overview Answer Key Target Vocabulary: Before You Read
according (to), blocks, compete, confirm, involve,ordinary,
proud, roles, task, timeless A. 1. T; 2. T; 3. T
(Answers and explanations are on page 120.) B. c
Reading Passage Summary: Reading Comprehension
 Discover who built the pyramids at Giza, how they did
it, and what life was like for these people. A. 1. a;
2. b (lines 26–30); 3. d (lines 20–21); 4. c (line 27);
5. c (line 32) B. 1. e; 2. d; 3. a; 4.
b Vocabulary Practice A. 1. ordinary; 2. competed;
3. According; 4. role; 5. task; 6. proud; 7. timeless
B. 1. ordinary; 2. task; 3. timeless; 4. role; 5.
confirmed; 6. proud; 7. compete; 8. According Explore More!
Video Summary: Learn about the problems affecting the Giza
pyramids today and what some people are doing to protect these
important monuments. Answer Key A. Possible responses are:
air pollution and too many tourists B. 1. structure; 2.
expert; 3. According to; 4. compete; 5. ordinary; 6.
timeless; 7. proud; 8. officials; 9. wise; 10. task C.
1. Answers will vary. 2. Answers will vary. Unit 11
Lesson 11A Legends of the Sea The Real Pirates of the
Caribbean Lesson Overview Answer Key Target Vocabulary: Before You
Read average, disease, divide, equality, factor, freedom, illegal,
income, purchase, steal A. 1. captain; 2. maritime;
3. goods B. 1. F; 2. F; 3. T Reading
Passage Summary: Reading Comprehension Find out what an
eighteenth-century pirate’s life was really like. A. 1. b; 2.
d (lines 12–13); 3. b (lines 22–23); 4. a (lines 27–28); 5.
b (line 32) B. 1. Movie Pirates: a and e; 2. Real
Pirates: d, f, and g; 3. Both: b and c Vocabulary
Practice A. 1. income; 2. purchased; 3. freedom;
4. stole; 5. divided; 6. factors; 7. average B. 1.
purchase; 2. divide; 3. factor; 4. illegal; 5. Freedom; 6.
Income Lesson 11B FamousPirates Lesson Overview Answer Key Target
Vocabulary: Before You Read avoid, boss, fail, fearless, pretend,
respected, sail, shoot, target, transfer A. 1. a; 2. a;
3. a B. 1. for adventure, power, and money; 2. some
were captured, one retired Reading Passage Summary: Meet
Mary Read and Ching Shih, two female pirates who ruled the waves
in different parts of the world. Reading Comprehension
A. 1. a (especially lines 2–3); 2. b (line 6); 3.
b (line 14); 4. d (lines 14–16); 5. a (lines 21–26) B.
Mary Read: c, e, and f; Ching Shih: a, b, and g;
Both: d Vocabulary Practice A. 1. sail; 2. fearless;
3. target; 4. pretend; 5. avoid; 6. shoot B. 1. F;
2. F; 3. T; 4. T Explore More! Video Summary:
Blackbeard was one of the most famous and terrifying
pirates of his time. Archeologists now think they have found one
of his ships sunk in waters near the eastern coast of the
United States. Answer Key A. 1. a cannon; 2. They hope
 it is from Blackbeard’s ship. B. 1. average; 2.
fearless; 3. sailing; 4. shoot; 5. boss; 6. stole; 7.
transferred C. 1. Answers will vary. 2. Answers will
vary. Unit 12 Vanished! Lesson 12A On Top of the World
Lesson Overview Answer Key Target Vocabulary: Before You Read
achieve, doubtful, path, previously, proceed, prove, section,
significant, suffer, whatever A. 1. 8,850; 2. 4; 3.
Nepal; 4. 1953; 5. cold; 6. oxygen; 7. 200 B. Mallory and
Irvine disappeared on Mount Everest. Reading Passage
Summary: In 1924, two British climbers vanished on
Mount Everest, attempting to be the first people to reach
the top. One of their bodies was found in 1999, raising the
question “Did they actuallyreach the summit?” Reading
Comprehension A. 1. b (lines 5–6); 2. d (lines 10, 13–
14); 3. d (line 16); 4. a (lines 29–30); 5. c (lines 28–
30) B. Reasons for: 1. oxygen;2. body; 3. photo; 4. leave;
Reasons against:5. difficult; 6. equipment; 7. frostbite;
8. camp Vocabulary Practice A. 1. significant; 2.
doubtful; 3. achieved; 4. proved;5. path; 6. suffered
B. 1. b; 2. b; 3. a; 4. a Lesson 12B
Pioneers of the Sky Lesson Overview Answer Key Target
Vocabulary: Before You Read approach, bright, disappearance, efforts, flight,
head, investigate, maintain, response, shining A. Amelia Earhart was
the first woman to fly a plane alone across the Atlantic
Ocean. In 1937 she wanted to be the first woman to fly
a plane around the world. B. Answers will vary. Reading
Passage Summary: Over 70 years after she disappeared during a
flight over the Pacific Ocean, people still wonderwhat happened to
pilot Amelia Earhart. Reading Comprehension A. 1. c;
2. d (lines 3–4); 3. b (line 5); 4. b (line 27);
5. a (lines 18–20, 24) B. 1. stormy; 2. 3,000 meters /
10,000 feet; 3. use a lot of gas; 4. shining in their
faces; 5. see; 6. gets lost or runs out of gas Vocabulary
Practice A. 1. disappearance; 2. flight; 3. headed; 4.
investigate; 5. efforts; 6. shining;7. approached; 8. maintain;
9. response B. 1. investigate; 2. flight; 3. response;
4. approach; 5. shines; 6. maintain; 7. disappearance; 8.
effort; 9. head Explore More! Video Summary: A desert in west
Texas is home to a mysterious phenomenon called the Marfa
Lights. Local residents explain what they have seen and what the
lights might be. Answer Key A. Other examples of natural
phenomena include thunder, tornadoes, volcanoes, and the polar
lights. B. 1. bright; 2. disappear; 3. section;4. shine; 5.
flights; 6. response; 7. investigate; 8. proof; 9. Whatever
C. 1. It could be because the mountainous region is made
 up of mostly rocks containing quartz that expand during the day
and contract at night due to heat. This expansion and
contraction creates stress on the quartz crystals that are then
converted into voltage that is accumulated over time until it
is then released into the atmosphere thus creating the
lights. Other people think the lights are caused by vehicle headlights.
2. Answers will vary. Vocabulary Building 4 Answer Key
A. 1. careful; 2. painless; 3. hopeful; 4. peaceful;
5. senseless; 6. heartless; 7. thankful Word Link
usage: 1. peace; 2. sense, heart B. Phrases: vanished into,
escaped from, traveled to, disagree with, responded to;
Sentences: 1. escaped from; 2. disagree with; 3. travel to

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