Principles and Concept of Animation

Animation/Drawing Techniques

Dynamic Animation Pose

 These are the different action poses that the character should project.
 It pertains to the body attitude of the key drawings in an animated scene
regardless of the facial expressions.
 It includes the character's attitude, emotions, its purpose in the scene and how it
should be expressed.

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Line of Action
  It is an imaginary line that extends through the main action of the figure.
 It strengthens the dramatic effect of the figures.
 Usually, it is a sweeping curve, a diagonal, or horizontal that exists in the center
of the character on which the entire character is built.

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Balance and Weight in Drawing

Balance- is dependent upon the positioning of the line of action; however, it is not the same as
symmetry.
 Considering a real-life scenario, it is easily recognized if someone loses balance
and is about to fall over.
 If an animated character appears off-balanced, yet never falls down, the narrative
is ruined because it causes confusion to the viewer's senses.
 Because of the expectations of what will happen when something is out of
balance, balance hints of upcoming action.
 For instance, if a character leans forward and points, its other am should certainly
be stretched behind him to even things out maintaining balance.
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Weight is related to balance and it is considered the most realistic aspect of movement.
 An animator has to meet the viewer's expectation of the character weight or the
object's weight that the character has in contact.
 Heavy characters should show distinct shifting of balance and squashing of the
legs as it steps, moving slow, and deliberately.
 In a walking character, the weight is felt on the down position where the leg
bends as it takes the weight and absorbs the force of the move.
 If a character is in contact with an object, the weight of the object is dictated by
how much effort is required to move, stop, push, pull, or change its direction.
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Line Art
 It is any image that consists of distinct straight and curved lines placed against a
background, without gradations in shade (darkness) or hue (color).
 It is usually monochromatic but it can also use lines of different colors.
 It emphasizes form and outline over color, shading, and texture.
 It tends towards realism or cartoon.

Drawing Animation Expressions

 Facial expression is a form of nonverbal communication.
 It is one key to convey the character's mood and personality.
 It is the most vital aspect in drawing because it shows what the character is
actually trying to tell.
 The key elements of facial expressions and the parts that change the most are
the eyes, eyebrows, and mouth.
 The eyes and the eyebrows depict different possibilities of showing
emotions.
 The mouth visibly expresses emotion of happiness and sadness through
smiles and frowns, respectively.
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Concepts of Lines Quality

Line is a mark made by a pointed tool like a brush, pencil, stick, or pen. It has length and width.
Variety of thickness of lines creates surface interest. Some lines are thick; some are thin; and
many are both thick and thin.

Line drawings show a number of representations including outlines of objects, movements and
density of objects. Line quality heightens descriptive potential for textures, movements, lights,
space, and more. The type of lines used can enhance what the drawing should convey. The
following presents the different types of lines:

1. Fine lines/Thin lines

 These lines are meek.
 It indicates that the drawn object is light, airy, or delicate.
 Less important drawing features, but adds details to the drawing, are presented by
thin/fine lines.

2. Thick and thin lines

 This combination of lines adds visual interest.
 The variations can imply space, movement, and light.
 It balances the visibility of the outlines and the expression that the drawings convey.

3. Power lines/Thick lines

 These lines help to create a feeling or mood in drawing.
 These are aggressive and expressive lines.
 It is used to enhance visibility of edges and outlines.
 It puts more emphasis on the drawings
Activity 1:
Direction: Read the questions below then choose the letter of the correct answer. Use separate
sheet of paper for your answer.

1. The different actions that the character projects are called _________
a. Models.
b. Expressions.
c. Key drawings.
d. Animation poses.
2. The sweeping curve exist in the center of the character on which the entire character is
built is called __________
a. Line art.
b. Power line.
c. Line of action.
d. Imaginary line.
3. What is the most realistic aspect of movement in animation called?
a. Pose
b. Weight
c. Position
d. Expression
4. Any image that consists of distinct straight and curved lines against a background is
referred to as _________
a. Line art.
b. Drawing.
c. Animation.
d. Key drawing.
5. One key to convey the character’s mood and personality is through __________
a. Pose.
b. Weight.
c. Balance.
d. Expressions.
6. The form of nonverbal communication in animation is called as _________
a. Pose.
b. Attitude.
c. Body language.
d. Facial expression.
7. The key elements of a facial expression are the eyes, the eyebrows and the _________
 a. Chin.
b. Mouth.
c. Eyelashes.
d. Forehead lines.
8. The effort required to move, stop, push, pull, or change in direction dictates the object’s
__________
a. Size.
b. Power.
c. Weight.
d. Strength.
9. What is the imaginary line that extends through the main action of the figure called?
a. Line art
b. Thin lines
c. Power lines
d. Line of action
10. The process responsible for the motion of still pictures/images is referred to as ________
a. Drawing.
b. Animation.
c. Animatronics.
d. Image motion