INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

ON
QR CODE GENERATOR
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements
For the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Submitted By

Maniram
(06915002720)
Under the guidance of
Dr. Jyoti Parashar, Assistant Professor, CSE department

Department of Computer Science & Engineering Dr.

Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Professional Studies
(Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarka, Delhi.)
New Delhi -110053.

1
 CERTIFICATE
I/We hereby certify that the work that is being presented in the industrial training report entitled
CRUD app.to the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor
of Computer Science & Engineering from Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology
& Management, New Delhi. This is an authentic record of our own work carried out during a
period from March 2022 to July 2022 under the guidance of Dr. Jyoti Parashar, Assistant
Professor, CSE department.
The matter presented in this project has not been submitted by us for the award of any other
degree elsewhere.

Maniram
06915602720

This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate(s) is correct to the best of my
knowledge. He/She/They are permitted to appear in the External Examination.

Dr. Jyoti Parashar Mr. Ankit Verma

(Assistant Professor) (HOD, CSE)

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I/We would like to acknowledge the contributions of the following persons, without whose
help and guidance this report would not have been completed.

I/We acknowledge the counsel and support of our project guide Dr. Jyoti Parashar, Assistant
Professor, CSE department, with respect and gratitude, whose expertise, guidance, support,
encouragement, and enthusiasm has made this report possible. Their feedback vastly improved
the quality of this report and provided an enthralling experience. I/We are indeed proud and
fortunate to be supervised by him.

We are thankful to Mr. Ankit Verma, H.O.D., Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of
Technology & Management, New Delhi for his constant encouragement, valuable suggestions
and moral support and blessings.

I/We are immensely thankful to our esteemed, Prof. (Dr.) Sanjay Kumar, Director, Dr.
Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology & Management, New Delhi for his never-
ending motivation and support.

I/We shall ever remain indebted to, Training Coordinator CSE department and faculty and
staff members of Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology & Management, New Delhi.
Finally, yet importantly, I/We would like to express our heartfelt thanks to God, our beloved
parents for their blessings, our friends/classmates for their help and wishes for the successful
completion of this project.

Maniram
(06915602720)

3
 CERTFICATE

4
 ABSTRACT

QR i.e., “Quick Response” code is a 2D matrix code that is designed by keeping two points
under consideration, i.e. it must store large amount of data as compared to 1D barcodes and it
must be decoded at high speed using any handheld device like phones. QR code provides high
data storage capacity, fast scanning, omnidirectional readability, and many other advantages
including, error-correction (so that damaged code can also be read successfully) and different
type of versions. Different varieties of QR code symbols like logo QR code, encrypted QR
code, iQR Code are also available so that user can choose among them according to their need.
Now these days, a QR code is applied in different application streams related to marketing,
security, academics etc. and gain popularity at a really high pace. Day by day more people are
getting aware of this technology and use it accordingly. The popularity of QR code grows
rapidly with the growth of smartphone users and thus the QR code is rapidly arriving at high
levels of acceptance worldwide

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 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the project entitled, “QR CODE GENERATOR” done at the place where
the project is done, has not been in any case duplicated to submit to any other university for the
award of any degree. To the best of my knowledge other than me, no one has submitted to any
other university.

This project is done in partial fulfilment of requirement for the award of degree BACHELOR
OF TECHNOLOGY IN COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING to be submitted as final
semester project as part of our curriculum.

Name and Signature of the Student

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 Table of content

• Certificate
• Acknowledgement
• Abstract
• Table of Contents
• List of Figures

Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1. Introduction
1.2.Problem Statement
1.3.Objective

Chapter 2: Literature Review

2.1 Literature Review
Chapter 3: Implementation
3.1 Software Tools Used

3.1.1 Frontend

3.2 System Requirements

Chapter 4: Methodology
4.1 Methodology of the Project

4.2 Flowchart

Chapter 5: Designing and Result

Chapter 6: Conclusion and Future scope

References

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 INTRODUCTION

What is a QR code?
QR code is an abbreviation of "Quick Response Code". It is a type of square-shaped barcode
which is readable by machines to unlock the information that is contained inside. It was
invented in 1994 by a Japanese company called Denso Wave, and has since been used across
the world in many applications.

The symbol of QR code

Purpose of QR Codes
The purpose of the QR code was to develop such an encoding/ decoding system that allows
quick and reliable scanning of fastmoving automotive equipment. In workshops, automotive
parts are moved quickly from one place to another and are adjusted together. It is difficult to
read such type of moving information with simpler barcodes; hence QR Code was developed
to cater to those needs.
Today, QR codes are applied in designs that allow for their usage in websites, payments, Wi-
Fi and in many other ways.

What is a QR code generator?

A QR code generator is a type of software that allows you to create a QR code easily. QR code
generator allows you to link a URL, digital file or media to a unique QR code downloadable in
a PNG format. This can then be printed or embedded into your website depending on your QR
code needs.

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What are the advantages of using QR codes?
QR codes are one of the most innovative ways of connecting offline and online experiences in
a seamless way. Before QR codes, people would have to open their browser, type in a long
URL, or search for you directly on social media. All of these extra steps come with typing
errors and additional frustrations that can prevent the user from finding the information they
need, or completing the action you want them to do.
Good usage of QR codes reduces friction in the user experience. Hence, it is more likely that
the user will complete the desired action, whether it's visiting an informative page on your
website, filling out a form on your landing page or following you on social media. Using QR
codes is therefore likely to improve your conversion rates, compared to the traditional method
of manually typing a URL.

In summary, QR codes can enable you to:

• Share information quickly on a public scale to anyone with a smartphone

• Lead users to specific pages
• Seamlessly connect your brand's offline and online experience
• Improve your landing page conversion rates
• Embed UTM tracking in a discreet way

The flowchart of recognize for QR Code

How do you scan a QR code?

Almost all smartphones have the native ability to scan QR codes via the camera application.
This is certainly the case for Apple devices running iOS, and Android devices running the latest
Android software.
All you need to do is open the camera application and point your phone at the QR code as if
you were taking a picture of it. The link should then appear on the screen, which can be clicked
and opened in your smartphone's browser.

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 Livestock searching system composition

What are the three shapes in the corner of the QR code?

These are called "position markers" and ensure that the QR code is oriented correctly for
accurate scanning. They are an essential element of the QR code, and it cannot function
properly without these position markers. These are often square shaped, but a rounded square
also works.

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 The QR code structure

Do I need to download a specific QR code reader app or other software to

scan a QR code?
Normally, your smartphone's camera app will have the ability to scan a QR code without any
additional software. However, if this is not the case for you, there are dedicated QR code
scanner apps available. These also offer additional features such as keeping a history of scanned
QR codes and the ability to scan traditional barcodes.

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Some common use-cases for QR codes:

- Generate QR code for URL

QR Codes are frequently used to direct potential customers to a landing page or website.
An interested user can scan the code and get directed straight to the relevant landing
page or web page. Use your QR code to link to your company's website, or a specific
landing page. Rather than typing in a long URL, which takes time and can lead to errors,
users can just scan the QR code and be redirected to the correct page. This is the perfect
method for shortening long, complicated URLs, as well as hiding unsightly UTM tags
for easier tracking.
- Social media QR Code
Allow people to easily follow you on your social media pages. Whether that's
Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, YouTube or any other social media channel.
The advantage of using QR codes is that if the person scanning the code is logged into
the social media native apps on their phone, the page should normally open in their app
rather than the browser. This then becomes even easier for them to follow you.
- App download QR Code
Create a QR code for your app to increase the number of app installations.
Just like with the social media QR codes, scanning your QR code will open your app's
listing directly in the App Store or Play Store, removing the need to search for your
app.
- Video QR Code
Create a QR code to promote your company video, product tutorials, how-tos brand
movie and many more.
- Online forms QR code
Ask your customers to fill in your online forms.
- Reviews QR code
QR codes are a much better and quicker way to get customers to review your store or
products than asking them to do so at checkout. If needed, you can also offer an
accompanying discount for every positive review.
- QR Menu with custom page
You can create a custom page for the menu, after embedded menu URL with the QR
code customer can easily order food from that QR code

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FUTURE SCOPE
QR codes are becoming one of the most prime facets in cashless transactions. They were
already hugely popular and in use in the European countries as well as in America but in past
few years, they are gaining momentum in South and East Asia. In China, the implementation
of QR code has even surpassed cash and card-based transactions. This must be one of the
biggest achievements so far for these QR codes. In India, there is a rapid hike in the usage of
QR codes and the new era of cashless India is ushering upon the country’s horizon. Many
people argue with the fact that QR codes are used as a second fiddle while doing money related
transactions. These codes are slowly becoming first preference for many users in the recent
times. The main limitation of QR codes is that they are only being used to redirect to a webpage
or website but they are not collecting any information on their own. If in this hugely data driven
world, if these codes start to collect information and start a two-way transaction then it will
surely stabilize in this technology market for future years. Another limitation regarding the
application of QR codes is that one must have a QR code reader or scanner installed in their
mobile or tablet to be able to scan and read the data held by the QR code. Instead of this, we
can create and integrate the QR code scanners in our smartphone’s camera itself so that we
don’t need any other third-party application to scan the QR codes. QR codes have been
scrutinized by many of the technology and security pundits but still it has been loved and
accepted by the normal people at a high context. They have been literally used everywhere as
far as promotional events are concerned like mobile payments, coupons, air ticket coupons,
business cards, new business profile promotions etc. There are new technologies launching in
the last couple of years who are better or more secure than QR codes, but still QR codes will
be there for many more years to come because of the ease of their use and many people in the
developing countries already adapting them in the recent past. So it is a rare possibility that
they will again turn to a new technology after taking so much years to get used to the QR codes.

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DEMERITS OF THE QR CODE
Although QR code has many positive points on its side but, there are some demerits of the QR
code too, such as, Need of QR code scanner; to decode the code users must have a QR reader
app, which limits the audience; Security issues, the scanner never really knows where the code
is going to lead the user before scanning a QR code; Lack of public awareness, large portion of
population is still unaware of this technology.

TYPES OF QR CODES
QR Codes are categorized into five broad categories .
A. QR Code Model 1 & 2 The original QR Code is QR Code Model 1, a code capable of coding
1,167 numerals with its maximum version being 14 (73 x 73 modules). QR Code created
by improving Model 1 so that this code can be read smoothly even if it is distorted in some
way. QR Codes that are printed on a curved surface or whose reading images are distorted due
to the reading angle can be read efficiently by referring to an alignment pattern embedded in
them. This code can encode up to 7,089 numerals with its maximum version being 40 (177
x 177 modules).
B. Micro QR Code This QR Code is only one orientation detecting pattern code so that
it can be printed in a smaller space. A major feature of Micro QR Code is it has only one
position detection pattern, compared with a regular QR Code that require a certain amount of
area because position detection patterns are located at the three corners of a symbol.
Furthermore, QR Code requires at least a four-module wide margin around a symbol, whereas
a two-module wide margin is enough for Micro QR Code. This configuration of Micro QR
Code allows printing in areas even smaller than QR Code. C. LogoQ (Logo QR Code) The
Logo QR Code is a novel type of QR Code created to enhance visual recognizing-ability by
blending it with letters and pictures in full color. Since LogoQ is a highly designable type of
QR Code, it becomes possible to differentiate LogoQ from the ordinary QR Code. Since a
proprietary logic is used when generating LogoQ codes, it is possible to combine design-ability
and readability. D. iQR Code iQR Code is a matrix-type 2D code, allowing easy reading of its
position and size. This code allows a wide size range of codes from ones smaller than the
traditional QR Code and Micro QR Code to large ones that can store more data than these. This
code can be printed as a rectangular code, turned-over code, black-and-white inversion code or
dot pattern code (direct part marking) as well, leaving a broad range of applications in various
areas. E. Encrypted QR Code Encrypted QR Code is a type of QR Code equipped with reading
restricting function. This can be used to store private information and to manage a group which
is capable of accessing QR Code information. Basically, an encrypted QR Code is a QR Code,
which contains encrypted data. In Encrypted QR Code system, data information is encrypted
by using encryption techniques and then the encrypted data is applied to the QR Code encoder
(generator) which generates the QR Code. Later this QR Code is first scanned and decoded by
the QR Code decoder then data information is retrieved using decryption techniques. Figure 8
show an overview of encrypted QR code mechanism

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ENCODING AND DECODING OF A QR CODE
Procedure for the generation/encoding of a QR Code In order to convert input data into a QR
code symbol, we’ll go through some step [4] [5] [6]; figure 5 shows an overview of the
encoding process.
• Data Analysis: A QR code encodes a string of text. The QR standard has four modes for
encoding text: numeric, alphanumeric, byte, and Kanji. Each mode encodes the text as a
string of bits (1s and 0s), but each mode uses a different method for converting the text
into bits, and each encoding method is optimized to encode the data with the shortest
possible string of bits. Therefore, first step should be to perform data analysis to determine
whether text can be encoded in numeric, alphanumeric, byte, or Kanji mode, and then select
the most optimal mode for your text.
• Data Encoding: Next step is to encode text. The result of this step is a string of bits that
is split up into data codewords that are each 8 bits long. The mode used for encoding is
identified by the Mode Indicator, which is a string of 4 bits. Encoded data must start with
the appropriate mode indicator which is used for encoding. The number of characters that
are being encoded is represented by the string of bits known as Character Count Indicator.
Character Count Indicator is placed after the mode indicator and its length is version
dependent.
• Error Correction Coding: QR codes use error correction. This means that the string of
data bits that represent our text, we must then use those bits to generate error correction
codewords using a process called Reed-Solomon error correction. QR scanners read both
the data codewords and the error correction codewords. By comparing the two, the scanner
can determine that it reads the data correctly or not, and if it did not read the data correctly
it can correct errors.
• Structure Final Message: The data and error correction codewords generated in the
previous steps must now be arranged in the proper order. For large QR codes, the data and
error correction codewords are generated in blocks, and these blocks must be interleaved
according to the QR code specification.
• Module Placement in Matrix: After generating the data codewords and error correction
codewords and arranging them in the correct order, you must place the bits in the QR
code matrix. The codewords are arranged in the matrix in a specific way.
• Data Masking: Certain patterns in the QR code matrix can make it difficult for QR code
scanners to correctly read the code. To counteract this, the QR code specification defines
eight mask patterns, each of which alters the QR code according to a particular pattern.
• Format and Version Information: The last step is to add format and (if necessary) version
information to the QR code by adding pixels in particular areas of the code that were left
blank in previous steps. The format pixels identify the error correction level and mask
pattern being used in this QR code. The version pixels encode the size of the QR
matrix and are only used in larger QR codes [4]. B. Procedure for decoding a QR Code
Decoding data from the QR code is the reverse of the encoding procedure. Figure 6 shows
an overview of the decoding process [5] [6].
• Recognizing Modules: Recognize dark and light modules as an array of “0” and “1” bits
by locating and getting an image of the symbol.

15
 • Extract Format Information: Decode the format information and release the masking
pattern and apply error correction on the format information modules as necessary. Also
obtain a mask pattern reference.
• Determine Version Information: If version information is applicable then decode it from
the version information area and then determine the version of the QR code symbol.
• Release Masking: In order to release the masking, XOR the encoding region bit pattern
with the Mask Pattern whose reference has been extracted from the format information.
• Restore Data and Error Correction Codewords: Restore the data and error correction
codewords of the message by reading the symbol characters (according to the placement
rules for the model).
• Error Detection and Correction: By utilizing the error correction codewords, identify
errors and if any error is detected, correct it.
• Decode Data Codewords: Divide the data codewords into segments according to the
Mode Indicators and Character Count Indicators. And finally, decode the data characters
according to the mode(s) in use and output the decoded text as result.

16
Goals/Objectives
1. The QR Code object has to have functions which can be used to produce the QR Code, add
data.
2. The content of the QR law can be passed as an argument to this function.
3. Make still, the interpretation can be set automatically by a, If you aren't sure about which
interpretation of QR law to use. setting interpretation parameter to None and setting fit
parameter of make to True. error position QR canons can use one of four possible error
correction values. They're appertained to by the letters L, M, Q, and H. The L error correction
position corresponds to 7 of the law can be corrected. The M error correction position
corresponds to 15 of the law can be corrected. The Q error correction position corresponds to
25 of the law can be corrected. The H error correction position corresponds to 30 of the
law can be corrected.
4. The garbling used to represent the data in a QR law. There are four possible encodings
double, numeric, alphanumeric, kanji.
5. Module data module A forecourt fleck on a QR law. Generally, only the “ black ”
blotches count. The “ white ” places are considered part of the background. quiet zone An
empty area around the QR law.
6. The area will be in the background module in color. According to the standard this area
should be four modules wide.
7. QR law Quick Response law will be a two dimensional barcode developed by Denso Wave.
8. The interpretation of a QR Code will determine it maximum possible data capacity

17
Evaluation and Selection of Specifications/Features
If you are curious still barcode and QR law compendiums work. spark your phone’s camera
and show the featured image of this composition. you will see a link show up, it’s terribly easy
to use. moment, we're going to produce our own anthology, while not losing any time. Let's get
begin with selection if features/specifications!
1. We'll start by putting in the libraries that we will want for this design so we will start
programming. For this design, I like to recommend employing a regular law editor rather than
a Jupyter tablet.
2. The QRCode object is meant to be sensible concerning how it constructs QR canons. It'll
mechanically work out what mode and interpretation to use to construct a QR law,
supported the information and also the volume of error correction.
3. The error correction position defaults to the veritably stylish attainable position of error
correction. Below are some samples of making QR Canons exploitation the machine-
controlled system.>>> computer address = pyqrcode.create(' http//uca.edu')>>> url =
pyqrcode.create(' http//uca.edu', error = 'L') There are several effects wherever you would
conceivably would like to enjoy fresh fine granulated operation over still the QR Code is
generated.
4. Error position QR canons will use one of four possible error correction values. They're
appertained to by the letters L, M, Q, and H. The L error correction position corresponds to 7
of the law can be corrected. The M error correction position corresponds to 15 of the law can
be corrected. The Q error correction position corresponds to 25 of the law can be corrected.
The H error correction position corresponds to 30 of the law can be corrected.
5. The garbling used to represent the data in a QR law. There are four possible encodings
double, numeric, alphanumeric, kanji. Module data module A forecourt fleck on a QR law.
Generally, only the “ black ” blotches count. The “ white ” places are considered part 22 of
the background. quiet zone An empty area around the QR law. The area is the
background module in color. 6. According to the standard this area will be four modules
wide.QR lawQuick Response law A two dimensional barcode developed by Denso Wave.
Interpretation A interpretation is one of 40 different possible sizes a QR law comes in. The
interpretation of a QR Code determines it maximum possible data capacity.
7. We will specify all the parcels of our QR law through the facultative parameters of
thepyqrcode.create() function. There are 3 main parcels to a QR law. The error parameter
sets the error correction position of the law. every position has associate associated name
given by a letter L, M, Q, or H; each position will correct up to 7, 15, 25, or thirty of the
information independently. There are numerous that} to specify the position,
seepyqrcode.tables.error_level for all the attainable values. 8. By dereliction this parameter is
ready to ‘ H ’ which is that the loftiest possible error correction, still it's the lowest on the
request data capability for a given interpretation. The interpretation parameter specifies the
confines and data capability of the law. performances are any number between one and
forty. wherever interpretation 1 is that the lowest QR law, and interpretation 40 is the largest.

18
9. By dereliction, the item uses the information’s encryption and error correction position to
calculate the lowest attainable interpretation. you will need to specify this parameter for
thickness once generating numerous QR canons with varied quantities of data.
10. All of the generated canons would have an original size. Eventually, the mode
parameter sets still the contents are going to be decoded. 3 of the four possible encodings are
available. By dereliction, the object uses the most effective encryption for the contents.
you will be suitable to stamp this geste by setting this parameter.
Seepyqrcode.tables.modes for a table of attainable values for this parameter. a way
longer discussion on modes are frequently set up within the coming section encryption Data.
11. The law will construct a QR law with 25 error correction, size 27, and forces the garbling
to be double( rather than numeric).
12. Different studies have been made to assess the effectiveness of QR canons as a means of
conveying labelling information and their use as part of a food traceability system.
13. The QR Code will hold much further data still. In addition, an advanced error- correction
system and other unique characteristics allow the QR Code to be read more reliably and at
advanced pets than other canons. Like written language, barcodes are visual
representations of information. Unlike language, still, which humans can read, barcodes are
designed to be read and understood( decrypted) by computers, using machine- vision systems
conforming of optic ray scanners or cameras and barcode- interpreting software. The rules
with which a barcode is constructed( its alphabet) and the character set it uses( its ABC) are
called its symbology.
14. When a bar- law contains vital information or sequestration information, the chance of
security becomes a veritably important aspect. Because QR canons Simply feature a square
bar- law with a distinctive pattern, individualities aren't apprehensive if the law can take them
to respectable information or misguide them to a website loaded with malware.
15. Now of late, a QR law is applied in several operation aqueducts associated with
promoting, security, speakers etc. and gain fashionability at a really high pace.
Gradationally further people are getting familiar with this technology and use it
consequently
16. As per the study made in South Korea that shows consumers appreciate QR law used in
food traceability system, as they give detailed information about food, as well as information
that helps them in their purchasing decision.
17. Consumers can pierce a web runner showing the force chain for each component, as well
as information specific to each affiliated batch, If QR Canons are reissued.

19
Market Cost/Benefit:
It's anticipated that change spots particularly can invest in smartphone operations that
overlook QR canons because the specialized value is comparatively low and also the benefit
is high. guests generally do not enter their energy use formerly victimization switching spots
and resort to finishing comprising input boxes respect Low, Medium or High. This
consecutively results in recommendations being general and presumably inaccurate. With
QR canons breakdown the query for shoppers for each tariff and operation, it's anticipated
that artificial competition will drive vital marketable pay on dealing conditioning by
switching spots. None of the energy enterprises concerned within the unit have indicated that
the value of development to incorporate QR canons on bills and statements would be vital
enough to contemplate a necessity to directly increase prices to shoppers. easily, still, all costs
are eventually borne by consumers, thus there ought to be inflexibility to permit development
cost to be balanced with standardization for any QR Code result

20
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

21
22
 CONCLUSION
QR code is now being widely used in a variety of businesses. QR code is a way of encoding
more information than a traditional bar code. And most importantly, it contains information
that can be easily decoded at high speed. In this project, we show how to create the QR codes
via the web browser that facilitates users to easily create their own QR codes for websites,
emails, business cards, print ads and so on.

23
 REFERENCE

• Google
• YouTube
• https://www.researchgate.net/
• FOR API: https://me-qr.com/
• https://mention.com/

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