1

1 The apparatus used to electroplate a steel spoon with copper is shown.

– +

steel spoon pure copper rod

(a) Label the diagram to show:

• the anode
• the electrolyte. [2]

(b) Describe the observations made during this electroplating at the:

steel spoon .......................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

copper rod ........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 4]
 2

2 (a) A steel spoon can be electroplated with nickel.

The apparatus is shown.

+ –

spoon to be
electroplated

pure nickel rod

solution containing
Ni2+(aq) ions

Choose a word from the list which describes the nickel rod.

Draw a circle around your answer.

anion anode cathode cation electrolyte

[1]

(b) Describe the observations made during this electroplating at the:

pure nickel rod ..................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

spoon. ...............................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) State one reason for electroplating an object.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]

3 The apparatus used to electroplate a nickel rod with chromium is shown.

 3

– +

pure nickel rod chromium rod

solution containing
Cr3+(aq) ions

(a) Choose a word from the list which describes the nickel rod.

Draw a circle around your answer.

anode cathode cation electrolyte mixture

[1]

(b) One use of electroplating is to make objects attractive.

Describe one other reason for electroplating an object.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

4 Aluminium is extracted from its ore by electrolysis.

State what is meant by the term electrolysis.

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

5 Electrolysis is carried out on aluminium oxide dissolved in molten cryolite.

waste gases

positive electrode

negative electrode aluminium oxide dissolved

in molten cryolite

aluminium
 4

(a) Give two reasons why the electrolysis is carried out on aluminium oxide dissolved in molten
cryolite instead of electrolysing molten aluminium oxide only.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

2 ........................................................................................................................................ [2]

(b) Write the ionic half-equation for the reaction occurring at the negative electrode.

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) The positive electrodes are made of carbon.

Explain why the positive carbon electrodes are replaced regularly.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 6]

6 Molten zinc chloride is electrolysed.

The incomplete apparatus is shown.

+ –

(a) Complete the diagram by:

• completing the circuit to show the wires and power pack
• labelling the anode.

[2]

(b) Name the products formed at each electrode.

positive electrode .............................................................................................................

negative electrode ............................................................................................................ [2]

[Total: 4]

7 Molten lithium bromide is electrolysed using carbon electrodes.

 5

The apparatus is shown.

power
supply

+ –

(a) Complete the diagram by labelling:

• the anode
• the electrolyte. [2]

(b) Name the products formed at each electrode.

positive electrode ..............................................................................................................

negative electrode ............................................................................................................ [2]

(c) The carbon electrodes conduct electricity.

Give one other property that these electrodes must have.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]

8 The diagram shows the apparatus used to electrolyse molten sodium iodide.

power
supply

– +
 6

(a) Complete the diagram by labelling:

• the electrolyte
• the cathode.

[2]

(b) Name the products formed at each electrode.

positive electrode .............................................................................................................

negative electrode ............................................................................................................ [2]

[Total: 4]

9 Molten lithium bromide is electrolysed using carbon electrodes.

The apparatus is shown.

power
supply

+ –

(a) Complete the diagram by labelling:

• the anode
• the electrolyte.

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Name the products formed at each electrode.

positive electrode ..............................................................................................................

negative electrode ............................................................................................................ [2]

(c) The carbon electrodes conduct electricity.

Give one other property that these electrodes must have.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]
 7

10 A metal spoon is electroplated with copper.

State what is used as:

the positive electrode (anode) ..................................................................................................

the negative electrode (cathode) .............................................................................................

the electrolyte ........................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]

11 Lithium is extracted by the electrolysis of molten lithium chloride.

(a) Name a non-metal used to make the electrodes.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Give one property, other than the conduction of electricity, that makes this substance suitable
for use as an electrode.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

12 This question is about chemical reactions and electricity.

The diagram shows the apparatus used in the production of electrical energy in a simple cell.

voltmeter
V
zinc electrode iron electrode

electrolyte

The reading on the voltmeter can be increased if either zinc or iron is replaced by another metal.

(a) Name a metal that can replace zinc and increase the reading on the voltmeter.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Name a metal that can replace iron and increase the reading on the voltmeter.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

13 Brine is concentrated aqueous sodium chloride.

 8

(a) Name three substances which are manufactured by passing electricity through brine.

1 .......................................................................................................................................

2 .......................................................................................................................................

3 ....................................................................................................................................... [3]

(b) Name a different substance formed when molten sodium chloride is used instead of
concentrated aqueous sodium chloride.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]

14 Electricity can be used to break down aqueous or molten ionic compounds.

(a) Name the process which uses electricity to break down aqueous or molten ionic compounds.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Explain why the ionic compound needs to be aqueous or molten.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

15 This question is about chemical reactions and electricity.

The diagram shows the apparatus used in the production of electrical energy in a simple cell.

voltmeter
V
zinc electrode iron electrode

electrolyte

2+
The zinc electrode dissolves in the electrolyte forming Zn (aq) ions.

(a) Draw an arrow on the diagram to show the direction of electron flow.

[1]

(b) Write the ionic half-equation for the reaction that occurs when the zinc electrode dissolves.

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 3]
 9

16 Concentrated aqueous sodium chloride is electrolysed using carbon (graphite) electrodes.

Name the gas produced at the positive electrode.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

17 Molten potassium iodide is electrolysed using carbon (graphite) electrodes.

Name the substance produced at the positive electrode.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

18 This question is about electrolysis.

Concentrated hydrochloric acid is electrolysed using the apparatus shown.

wire

+ – carbon electrodes

concentrated
hydrochloric acid

(a) Chloride ions are discharged at the anode.

(i) Complete the ionic half-equation for this reaction.

Cl–(aq) (g) + e–

[2]

(ii) State whether oxidation or reduction takes place. Explain your answer.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [1]

(b) Describe what is seen at the cathode.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]
 10

[Total: 4]

19 This question is about electrolysis.

The table gives information about the electrolysis of two electrolytes.

Carbon (graphite) electrodes are used in each experiment.

(a) Complete the table to show the observations and products of electrolysis.

positive electrode (anode) negative electrode (cathode)

electrolyte observations name of product observations name of product

aqueous colourless
copper(II) sulfate bubbles

concentrated aqueous colourless

hydrogen
sodium bromide bubbles

[5]

(b) Hydrogen is produced at the negative electrode (cathode) during the electrolysis of concentrated
aqueous sodium bromide.

Write the ionic half-equation for this reaction.

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) State two reasons why carbon (graphite) is suitable to use as an electrode.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

2 ........................................................................................................................................ [2]

(d) Name the particle responsible for the conduction of electricity in the metal wires used in a
circuit.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 10]

20 This question is about electrolysis.

State the meaning of the term electrolyte.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]