Computer Networks Class Notes
Computer Networks Class Notes
- NTWDRKS oloabon3la
Uu - TOP 1- tACMMDNICATDN
T6poLDbY,
DNtERNETI Pp oTO CoLS.
bata ramminln
at remmisun can hu
Kynekasw
tynchrons
Daallel Mamnium &hh daa resitd at the
g chanuton
4 anoth
uth uunt
ud dysleAst
sutd
|Hhatel,
|kuh
CwAN ).
h Cinhichin
rELES! OPOLDUY
Snlrastruetue toslY
)rmhinatumi tedand .
Ad hst polugy
t w. U
w
tahu tro u, ho la WAP.
huhu.
bqalagy-s cnlubhhctd
Eaha cabuy
b
gem'Ln WAP
Camum
NTENET AND
odbun, Ain
data
> yntam semantin, Nmug
snent u tkikg attm tmuyhen Amw faut
nloal190
21esSD7- COPUTEA KETORk LBOAFO.
P2otoLoLL t
husaga
Data thyteal.
•> tl eumnn'etem hems the follwng huiy
Dut atin 6 uy
us utslsgvun all methels cummeiatu
datu curnmuniaun,
Agt
p&kuurlumna os
tow i &communi
catid enwdng
Ond
Con matumraubnwldgmentquumna
reclelo
LNUtng1
)-roM
owee uqnal) rumà til hannan
→ kecu drd
udm nilseoi (G'al dihhtin
An agbumatng nd antapsulat!dud mat
+Entansulatthaüformatam bs ldantty the sd ad te
malu pabl ntnu
aho he hleen
Aong nngs mut Amallu ieu b haud aas
a hutoTh.
fi
UUI9- ra/oalao19.
-ToRe- 9
AND
p 20
StAMDAÞb
>, 3 3 mari OeoesttoWNAEE
ignal, ) ug
et utu what y
46w
þRotoeOLS 2 NDAPDC
be
facti
snaa |D mtrs to I m Ten
Analsg En! 1so
STAR
RIN6. ladrs R
HYDR9
4YBRID toPoLohY
S Bak dg) > mihay ptatm
|4%0 - #2PHAN
Pentalim LAVO
tineatim
doyas
Anyes
fudbaut
Natwotk
Jaya LsgitadaAdang Cepva,2PU6,hauk, pg
ah deumñatm.
9ata link loyea: hylal adduuy
hedla (Frmig )
Comuicatwn
VDP
Jntunt nstocsl
Ln nuä
Fayt
|6loi)on3
þeoTDCOL &UITE
LAYER€ APpo4t NDDE L
D
hanjerk
lay wLontslando Lonll
Manag, Teamenti
changd a Rugtied
tuntatun lay rauat, tayt ,mgrs
thyi eal
Aayu Bs-frms BIDS nv n
teen Conhol
brglta nd
Cormuunà ctm-
mg1
ranyurt ay amn
Sg 3
9uin kayz -> balsgu tontol- l diyts, halydyten
tynthentyatr
ateon-chees ts 9000 y
Seetliolb1
Aniding
HARA LTISTLCS'.
tcp /1p
TP > ram mun luntro l Paotocal.
J Jntut rotoust.
SMPP DNS TP, SNMP,
ocrsd L Iramļu hotol.
tom ain
Nam NLhuy
Hanagcnat
fl
TIOWV673
UNLT- -bPe- ( -Aope NU
addun >Aandueu oÀd hehwoh thhga caud
physicat
wamkun )
euddus Bekin, Alertl, cùco
A -L
addn
rt
Sctu addy
hld etu)
addun.
,
M Phytal
81: ol 02!D3! 0b:t.
eiu data to
Nehuorh isbad
adden
Phyral addu ay dtottd
H adden.
Anat t
HHUNLA TUON MEDIA tRANSHsrD
adduny Proan
HED(A
udd
Fons
đudutd pai, Cotnfal,
Bcal b
u B200HA2)
Hultimud
frad indo (B tDo mz- 3 Gtey
raicall būhihtn cale
ranninus mudia
Guidud Unguidd
lwo
ud da. Cwialen
+ En clo sthuu il
Rach
K thuhet LAN
Yhe nost wmnn LAN co'10:6
WEN Wulus Natwore: UNs unden ummunucm ntal
lang gaghuial
CONNETUNA
ubs oly duteathata kei
Heb , suitd, Bridges Katway
ay Cunhuld
dst.
Hs'. Datu al sfhu nt .konSuiteh ,eany
datzctuig dur
prt
tade
e
Suith
Prt
Wahs
Dutu Hk add
thet
ss
t:
adduns o! thu du
2
balrettl 2
3 4b- 099g-ca-co-4
detuld
Detukdl
Suitch:* ata
chtendud pst
and ithes u th a lsal
aa nturoale Aot data oulila
ehang
pachang deriu ned e
ead
asle
20l092093.
coll
ad res
Wrts
twt
uiuwrn
Csan al
WiHBtioth
L0LG1ot 1101 |011
fi
aqlo1ho
Mt
uds
Data Jinle Aayeu udia (Frang )
s 4 ness*Cno hn dataà ad ard hceud
"lla (Hadta aen mhaol) ror deketm)
0LANealu,baltcal u, Hr) CONA
No
latiny No ouhd rcesng
tat
BLDCA coDNa
s>n o,l,.1.
3-it
fl
DP|Pl|PE
1
64A
UN- 9-CANELTIKA.
bvCES, AD 2 uoaho21.
SAItttN a CONCEPTS.
ahugy astuhishd.
Jacumhctmủ o
Advaat
| ajus: * whd nahung tnhctn
adtili uiu awaàuting it
Ass o untm |atngthand aignal 1
Connlim
-ut7
utraniit thi dataogaun
atr:* nal'wcat eans ill
the tekni qu ransmitty thu data rom Aande ueuju
nt Anthng
the Cnnetm lan
staa eh, ny logy. - schlcomatag
whn
cad
* tuntchee
a npahie y Cennectuni.
rirhual ủruit
N
Conneen utabWAent
lke *bakatranju
pham
o
An umg bubquing
Infaln'
Prst lalel
() 66
Paukt addu
Meu , det
ustum Houd
nit> cong
pata dink ay> md osImsdel.
data
tays » Framcigphypuáal
addaunng
frTUr Comtst * w Cunbrol., tecn Cmb
Aink Consl
Sand ehammt thu da
labl- fd su (dlimr -)
Iata
9-|
3-| Vai ahu s chaau ounlcd
ledbraming
Bt ovuni fruming
d ad
duun hda and
ERLOR DETE LTtoN AND CORPE cttoN. Fu: &ingu bit
Buut wor
bent Aata |bjololo|e
Rudundanuy
- eutra ia
BloekErToY datim
Lck coting
Erry delun
sdn
Evrr toLctm FruudError toin
cosleol
Bakurard
pelim lerreetm
CODE HANNNb DSTANCE
Harnmhg
aântanu
Enam
- re
hamming di tcnu lsen hu
333 930
26loal03
UAe-9-fee - (ipe)
ot
PATALINe COR0L , PLANE, Pow
loyiu
NbsELE CtANNEY,
Bugment bnsnl foipal 13
ah þotatbi 15 Irartt Jaya Fromuy
sunde mak
Paukt Peukt
ram s.
iJalh hedra,
Ce)i0Y) lsw hurn odau tran' hutin
Kreming lotl01|b loloOO00O|1D|| pto hah
Fliw comhol shud mathwy hehaim
} Clw unhol CoDrduň
atu te amnt o data tat an A nt butu
akntdgement
NNg an bas
da hamtmltng fuaknnaudenentfor
ANt
itiny th nnt ram .
Alk.
th tameng di tanu
aam ar
uformig XDR
ng the wde
Ir-Dk.
oi 2
bata eorel Cocleul.
UdLioo1, ||||0 o
D
o1
olol1 > 3
fl
Fhd thnmy ditane fer all fuoible jauia
ORRETttNa
k- ditru>oolbl|)3h
CoDrs'.>
Paunteheeueti e H-o valuo
cheek
Rudundany>n
(oduusd batauvd t kundeutbi
-5dd auty lseu eenu)
wr ouunu )
bloo cye'ekdundenycht: Cee). o
Qusten
lo1
A44lae 11 blO o o
(01!
dridend:p
01)
dns to
chuksun
olo ALmae 001
ott
E my M a chehium ollo
ol010
fi
1->0p
23+13 >y6
32 6 n
l0o+| tol.
(9o to o 1|2 30
>
Cmetd
olo
o4lolaon4.
DATA LIHK
LAYERPROTOCDL>
Nolenchanel )
Nouy chahn slop y wait A bro-Bale N Aa, electu
Byeat tŁQ
baka lunk
laym fosal
leat)
chanhel
Hvi4g
chanhel
shy
Sinpler waik.
bw- Bal
fl
Fr > no. aukuti, bmutgd nig.
ngl alay (eleutai fseb)
tho notosth > uss w cenol
ow Cott.
bram
Tm
AND N lTBROTOLOL:* seni- uni dDutnal
slaila
Go BAL kuqu mutyla rm APND
Þyu.
tr..p
P2
Chk ln stat
Dfnung ahd
mah
fl
ALnd
data at
chu awne )
NbLCramu
lonhrdl.
tun pohoul
Cau em kultyl tuun
}eun) Ccsfat Colluum Detatt
StsNAA Collwun tvoidanu.
oaltola023.
WIKED LANS CNCO (Na, WINA
CHANNU2AttON
CHANNELI 24T7ON
yuny
Csdu.
t Csd
dimin mty an ltDNA)
madtil an tCbMA):
antetdOs -.
|FBN A Banddth ds
nwdd as
Eauh band - datwrA
Guad bcund
m han u the
ErREPN E
gud
Chahnel
(tpry, Pv ).
sddn s
Latat
adls tt iksuetsuo
to
cunt uin
Ra ndm addw
deeu, on a nehuru,
knge o t 25
Detent
l2
o o
o
4 -> 198 32
no
66. 94 29.3
D ) ojoooolD. 6o o.
66| I|o1.66oo lo|.
. 4.29. 3.i ocalan
teadu fuoa
31
D o
JreuRTL tl
2dnkfealei
660
D- bl oo olo
ibeladutkt
6 3 2
b
Butnat addeu hestay
K- 0 o t O
121
32 olar
2lrolo.
OCwemum xhoborg..
634
layu
bund- stak tehntus
elig teehniqu
temauy edy.
orb hehor u tnet
Hamig ditanu Ovu
HD Le mnetnJDucmntumi
an lthr be menaly
Suppos mallicanting
Cau
Praus,
91- bt oddawn l clau - o).
fi
antags: nejukaukttram
nitdogtimized
t
Bandeusd+#
wyd dotall,': slad
(an
muticat ad jn anoth.
-idS.
odantagt hot
vida
engstim toitint ilkkuig and auihy
stala aun
vlo fu multij
multy data hammdasin
M nUN31
Routa
Cnhadman
as o12ntar
duma
ditunu aleetumy
P
w
wa
hhilati bytinid Loat BodSeurta Ie)
.
Stali mahal
dyran Qutim at' ydutvl
hobcol
t rulu d pudlu
Uun--EANSPORTLAYER-OP.
huntit
frans isin ConbslPrstursll tp). Aa daa
basein Tn c hg data
CORGC
STDN CoPol
lwcatun-
-E O Conl
lomat bytas. Aal,l
ungutun nlil
k«otoN lynehoniaun
Obaa ratie
h ran otrtoNTROL PufrmaN CotetITON
CoALTPOt !
tenautdgnu aliy
eak Dandndth 4hat a
4amyaimliy wth
PIN3140
.
- Umtant
ehan (handidth)
Cnutent it at Coytant
-yuddenchat
DELAY LoAD
ConsTDOL
AN Q0S
Lrd r Cayacih
Aalay-
Lsat Coyauilg
atay
Lsad
mu
Ayng
oll ha alay on
PM2
day
FIPo
schu duung
queuny
keiyhtd quuuig
WNA Pxetuor Danteu
binlavt
N?
gh 'intyqu
Auiat
bàtud.
Chuclu puku
w Jady gaikit H832
doken BucetT
Choku bauku
pakea
dwan
Cungentm whdew.
Dslho3
Post
DEeiee cotTeo
bnorocot
Adeguals
a standard
eev sbolintumiy Ceol
N
ru and
hnangalata thm as, theet hey ww thoed braly
inta mudali tren
ud 6wail cuint
nUwu erf d.
adrend menuA
nun
hud.
addibma
a cllo
f im. &ova.
NPOR ANE
tumi
dny du.
allen u'heultunh mhe o m al te
klooh 4h hgh n yhmodlahy.
*dnunay ml sphna
rImru tyunal
2oln202q.
Leliun th ham' th ho
humuical
Amain P addru
dsun ha
Cim m
32 32 2
900 1A1:>
>0 Oo
lntd
Abudent
0) Nucal
yaluen ky Unthol
Mhdu
cle ta Meuu B., then
valuu
theuluum my ht
inechnum
dn Aetutn deta wrel
th
da te
hy A an dict th DAP. ra
4w n datu
auh fn r Luly
Gale 16
32
4ML
92ml202s.
WiDE WEB
anonald ito
Wes
Dly a lutnik
auntaun a wchi
21lul2093.
SMT
JIN PLE potooL
>Aitaln aupatzcal.
Whiie cnhutin
motku fe cunt de
Aype data shrau: tiu shrutuu
• Reud hulau
sER n&LS,CHD,RMD,
PAS, C&t STOR, t, QUIT,Ht.
eunnat thu ramutm (auer fauwmd.
242023
Qnd
Roulu
Lor 23
Melt - Po 23
SSH-PoT 22
Only thrvngh 'puws'
TELNI ro
wu that d deatd u auey
unsty
long di ten
* (Emuhal NErrore
Chatu hin by uy on th en
bod Piuy
* luformanuC'ypul)
dugmntaliun- hidluy
* tuthetı Catan- unanhure
ConidrtiaG - wonmud dat pstiim
oms un -Lunduidth, aory
Eme) Comyatsiy- Enuypln and deylan