Real Analysis RIMS THODUPUZHA

Sequence of Functions
Rivera Institute of Mathematical Sciences
Thodupuzha
[email protected],
9895799865,9744148471

JUNE 2012

a
(

zh
1 − nx f or x ∈ [0, n1 ]
1. Let fn (x) = . Then
0 f or x ∈ [ n1 , 1]

u
p
a) lim fn (x) denes a continuous function on [0, 1]

u
n→∞
b) {fn } converges uniformly on [0, 1]

d
o
c) lim fn (x) = 0 for all x ∈ [0, 1]

h
n→∞

T
d) lim fn (x) exists for all x ∈ [0, 1]
n→∞

s
Option : d

ce
DEC 2012

en
2. Let {fn } be a sequence of continuous real-valued functions dened on [0, ∞). Suppose fn (x) →

ci
f (x) for all x ∈ [0, ∞) and that f is integrable. Then S
R∞ R∞
a) f (x)dx as n → ∞
l
fn (x)dx →
a

0 0
ic

b) If fn → f uniformly on [0, ∞), then 01 fn (x)dx → 01 f (x)dx

R R
at

c) If fn → f uniformly on [0, ∞), then 0∞ fn (x)dx → 0∞ f (x)dx

R R
em

d) If 01 |fn (x) − f (x)|dx → 0, then fn → f uniformly on [0, 1]

R
h

Option : b
at

JUNE 2013
M

3. Let f : R → [0, ∞) be a non-negative real valued continuous function. Let

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(
n if f (x) ≥ n
φn (x) =
te

0 if f (x) < n
u
it


k
k
, k+1


if f (x) ∈
st

2n 2n 2n


φn,k (x) =
In

k
, k+1


 0 if f (x) ∈
/ 2n 2n
a

Pn2n −1
And gn (x) = φn + φn,k (x). as n → ∞, which of the following are correct?
er

k=0

a) gn → f (x) for every x ∈ R

iv

b) given any C> 0, gn (x) → f (x) uniformly on the set

R

{x : f (x) < C}
c) gn (x) → f (x) uniformly for x ∈ R
d) given any C > 0, gn (x) → f (x) unifomly on the set
{x : f (x) ≥ C}

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 Real Analysis RIMS THODUPUZHA

Option: a,b

4. Let An ⊆ R for any n ≥ 1, and χn : R → {0, 1} be the function

(
0 if x ∈
/ An
χn (x) =
1 if x ∈ An

a
let g(x) = lim sup χn (x) and h(x) = lim inf χn (x).

zh
n→∞ n→∞

a) if g(x) = h(x) =1, then there exists m such that for all n ≥ m we have x ∈ An .

u
p
b) if g(x)=1, h(x) = 0, then there exists m such that for all n ≥ m we have x ∈ An .

u
d
c) if g(x)= 1, h(x) = 0 then there exists a sequence n1 , n2 ... of distinct intigers such that x ∈ Ank

o
for all k ≥ 1

h
T
d) if g(x) = h(x) =0, then there exists m such that for all n ≥ m we have x ∈
/ An .

s
Option: a,c,d

ce
DEC 2013

en
5. Let fn : [1, 2] → [0, 1]be given by fn (x) = (2 − x)n for all non-negative integer n. Let f(x) =

ci
lim fn (x) for 1 ≤ x ≤ 2. Then which of the following is true ?
n→∞ S
a) f is continuous function on [1, 2]
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b) fn converges uniformly to f on [1, 2] as n → ∞

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c) lim
R2 R2
at

fn (x)dx = f (x)dx
n→∞ 1 1
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d) for any a ∈ (0, 1) we have lim fn0 (a) 6= f 0 (a)

n→∞
Option: c
h
at

JUNE 2014
M

6. Let {fn } be a sequence of continuous function on R

R∞
R∞
a) If {fn } converges to f pointwise on R, then lim f (x)dx = f (x)dx
of

n
n→∞ −∞ −∞
R∞ R∞
b) If {fn } converges to uniformly on R then lim −∞ fn (x)dx = −∞ f (x)dx
te

n→∞
c) If {fn } converges to f uniformly on R, then f is continuous on R
u
it

d) There exist a sequence of continuous functions {fn } converges to f uniformly on R, but

st

R∞ R∞
lim fn (x)dx 6= f (x)dx
n→∞ −∞ −∞
In

Option: c,d
a
er

DEC 2014
iv

7. Let {bn } and {cn } be sequences of real numbers. Then a necessary and sucient condition for
R

the sequence of polynomials fn (x) = bn x + cn x2 to converge uniformly to 0 on the real line is

a) lim bn = 0 and lim cn = 0
n→∞ n→∞
b) |bn | < ∞ and
P∞ P∞
n=1 n=1 |cn | < ∞
c) There exists a positive integer N such that bn = 0 and cn = 0 for all n > N

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 Real Analysis RIMS THODUPUZHA

d) lim cn = 0
n→∞
Option: d

JUNE 2015

8. For n ≥ 1, let gn (x) = sin2 (x + n1 ), x ∈ [0, ∞) and fn (x) = gn (t) dt Then

Rx
0

a) {fn } converges pointwise to a function f on [0, ∞) but does not converge uniformly on [0, ∞)

a
zh
b) {fn } does not converges pointwise to any function on [0, ∞)

u
c) {fn } converges uniformly on [0, 1)

p
d) {fn } converges uniformly on [0, ∞)

u
d
Option: c,d

o
h
DEC 2015

T
9. Consider all sequences {fn } of real valued continuous functions on [0, ∞). Identify which of the

s
following statements are correct.

ce
R∞ R∞
a) If {fn } converges to f pointwise on [0, ∞). then lim

en
0
fn (x) dx = 0 f (x) dx
n→∞
R∞ R∞
b) If {fn } converges to f uniformly on [0, ∞). then

ci
lim 0 fn (x) dx = 0 f (x) dx
n→∞
S
c) If {fn } converges to f uniformly on [0, ∞)then f is continuous on [0, ∞)
l
d) There exists a sequence of continuous functions {fn } on [0, ∞) such that {fn } converges to
a
ic

f uniformly on [0, ∞). but lim 0∞ fn (x) dx 6= 0∞ f (x) dx

R R
at

n→∞
Option: c,d
em

JUNE 2016
h

10. Which one of the following statements is true for the sequence of functions fn (x) = 1
, n=
at

n2 +x2
1, 2, ..., x∈ [ 12 , 1]?
M

a) The sequence is monotonic and has 0 as the limit for all x ∈ [ 12 , 1] as n → ∞

of

b) The sequence is not monotonic but has f(x) = 1

x2
as the limit as n → ∞
c) The sequence is monotonic and has f(x) = as the limit as n → ∞
te

1
x2
u

d) The sequence is not monotonic but has 0 as the limit.

it

Option: a
st
In

DEC 2016

11. Let fn (x) = (−x)n x ∈ [0, 1]. Then decide which of the following are true
a
er

a) there exists a pointwise convergent subsequence of fn

iv

b) fn has no pointwise convergent subsequence

R

c) fn converges pointwise everywhere

d) fn has exactly one pointwise convergent subsequence
Option: a

12. Find out which of the following series converge uniformly for x ∈ (−π, π).

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 Real Analysis RIMS THODUPUZHA

a) e−n|x|
P∞
n=1 n3

b)
P∞ sin(xn)
n=1 n5
P∞ x
n
c) n=1 n

d)
P∞ 1
n=1 ((x+π)n)2

Option: a,b,c

a
zh
JUNE 2017

u
13. For n ≥ 1, let fn (x) = xe−nx , x ∈ R Then the sequence {fn } is
2

p
a) uniformly convergent on R

u
d
b) uniformly convergent only on compact subset of R

o
h
c) bounded and not uniformly convergent on R

T
d) a sequence of unbounded functions

s
ce
Option: a

en
14. Let fn (x) = 1
1+n2 x2
for n ∈ N, x ∈ R Which of the following are true?

ci
a) fn converges pointwise on [0, 1] to a continuous function
b) fn converges uniformly [0, 1]
S
a l
c) fn converges uniformly on [ 12 , 1]
ic

R1 
d) lim
at

R1
fn (x)dx = lim fn (x) dx
n→∞ 0 0 n→∞
em

Option: c,d

DEC 2017
h
at

(
x2 cos( x1 ) if x 6= 0
15. Let f : [−1, 1] → R be a function given by f (x) = Then
M

0 if x = 0
a) f is of bounded variation on [−1, 1]
of

b) f 0 is of bounded variation on [−1, 1]

te

c) |f 0 (x)| ≤ 1 ∀x ∈ [−1, 1]
u

d) |f 0 (x)| ≤ 3 ∀x ∈ [−1, 1]
it
st

Option: a,d
In

JUNE 2018
a

16. Let CC (R) = {f : R → R : f is continuous and there exists a compact set K such that f (x) = 0
er

for all x ∈ K C }.Let g(x) = e−x for all x ∈ R. Which of the following statements are true?
2
iv

a) There exists a sequence {fn } in CC (R) such that fn → g uniformly

R

b) There exists a sequence {fn } in CC (R) such that fn → g pointwise

c) If a sequence in CC (R) converges pointwise to g then it must converge uniformly to g
d) There does not exist any sequence CC (R) converging pointwise to g

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 Real Analysis RIMS THODUPUZHA

Option: a,b

DEC 2018

17. For n ≥ 1, consider the sequence of functions fn (x) = 1

2nx+1
, gn (x) = x
2nx+1
on the open interval
(0, 1). Consider the statements:
(I) The sequence {fn } converges uniformly on (0, 1)

a
(II) The sequence {gn } converges uniformly on (0, 1)

zh
Then

u
a) (I) is true

p
u
b) (I) is false

d
c) (I) is false and (II) is true

o
h
d) Both (I) and (II) are true

T
Option: b,c

s
ce
18. Suppose that {fn } is a sequence of continuous real valued functions on [0, 1] satisfying the

en
following:
(A) ∀x ∈ R, {fn (x)} is a decreasing sequence

ci
(B) the sequence {fn } converges uniformly to 0 S
Let gn (x) = nk=1 (−1)k fk (x) ∀x ∈ R. Then
P
a l

a) {gn } is Cauchy with respect to the sup norm

ic
at

b) {gn } is uniformly convergent

em

c) {gn } need not converge pointwise

d) ∃M > 0 such that |gn (x)| ≤ M, ∀n ∈ N, ∀x ∈ R
h
at

Option: a,b,d
M

JUNE 2019
of

19. Let gn (x) = nx

1+n2 x2
,x ∈ [0, ∞). Which of the following is true as n → ∞?
a) gn → 0 pointwise but not uniformly
te

b) gn → 0 uniformly
u
it

c) gn (x) → x, ∀x ∈ [0, ∞)
st

d) gn (x) → x
, ∀x ∈ [0, ∞)
In

1+x2

DEC 2019
a
er

20. Let E = : n ∈ N . For each m ∈ N dene fm : E → R by

1
n
iv


1
 cos(mx) if x ≥ m
R


1 1
fm (x) = 0 if m+10 <x< m
1

 x if x ≤ m+10

Then which of the following statements is true?

a) No subsequence of (fm )m≥1 converges at every point of E

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 Real Analysis RIMS THODUPUZHA

b) Every subsequence of (fm )m≥1 converges at every point of E

c) There exist innitely many subsequences of (fm )m≥1 which converge at every point of E
d) There exists a subsequence of (fm )m≥1 which converges to 0 at every point of E
Nov 2020

(−1)n sin nx
21. The series x ∈ R converges
P∞
,

a
n=1 nloge n

zh
a) only for x = 0

u
b) uniformly only for x ∈ [−π, π]

p
c) uniformly only for x ∈ R\{nπ : n ∈ Z}

u
d
d) uniformly for all x ∈ R

o
h
22. Consider two series A(x) = ∞ n=0 x (1 − x) and B(x) = x (1 − x), where x ∈ [0, 1].
n
P P∞ n n
n=0 (−1)

T
Which of the following statements are true?

s
ce
a) Both A(x) and B(x) converge pointwise

en
b) Both A(x) and B(x) converge uniformly
c) A(x) converges uniformly but B(x) does not

ci
d) B(x) converges uniformly but A(x) does not S
la

23. Suppose that {fn } is a sequence of real-valued functions on R. Suppose it converges to a

ic

continuous function f uniformly on each closed and bounded subset of R. Which of the following
at

statements are true?

em

a) The sequence {fn } converges to f uniformly on R

h

b) The sequence {fn } converges to f pointwise on R

at

c) For all suciently large n, the function fn is bounded

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d) For all suciently large n, the function fn is continuous

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te
u
it
st
In
a
er
iv
R