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Lab Report

This document discusses two theories for how single-phase induction motors operate: the double field revolving theory and the cross field theory. The double field revolving theory represents an alternating flux as two revolving fluxes rotating in opposite directions. The cross field theory explains that although the rotor poles align with the stationary stator poles, no starting torque is produced until the rotor begins rotating and cuts across the stator field, inducing rotor currents that are 90 degrees out of phase with the stator current and flux.

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Mauro Gabriel Cabral
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11 views

Lab Report

This document discusses two theories for how single-phase induction motors operate: the double field revolving theory and the cross field theory. The double field revolving theory represents an alternating flux as two revolving fluxes rotating in opposite directions. The cross field theory explains that although the rotor poles align with the stationary stator poles, no starting torque is produced until the rotor begins rotating and cuts across the stator field, inducing rotor currents that are 90 degrees out of phase with the stator current and flux.

Uploaded by

Mauro Gabriel Cabral
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Double field revolving theory:

This theory makes use of the idea that an alternating uni axial quantity can be
represented by two oppositely- rotating vectors of half magnitude. Accordingly, an
alternating sinusoidal flux can be represented by two revolving fluxes. Each equal
to half the value of alternating flux and each rotating synchronously (ns-120f/p) in
opposite direction. It may be noted that if the slip of the rotor is s with respect to
the forward rotating flux (one which rotates in the same direction as the rotor) then
its slip with respect to the backward rotating flux is (2-s), the two torques (called
forward and backward torque) are oppositely directed, so that the net or resultant
torques is equal to their difference as shown.

Cross field theory: although the double revolving field theory of a single-phase
induction motor gives some idea of its method operation, it does not give a
conception of reaction, that actually takes place in the machine. The mechanism of
torque production is as follows.

During the next half cycle the stator poles are reversed. Although the stator field
strength is varying and reversing its polarity periodically, its action line is always
along the vertical line “yy’. Thus, with alternating current in stator winding, the
stator mmf wave is stationary in space but pulsates in magnitude, the stator field
strength alternating in polarity and varying sinusoidally with time. The rotor
winding acts like a short- circuited secondary winding of a transformer and
therefore carry induced currents. The directions of currents which would exist
throughout one half cycle the currents. The direction of currents which would exist
throughout one half cycle. The rotor currents establish poles on the surface, but
since these poles are always in direct line (along vertical axis “yy”) with the stator
poles no torques is developed in either direction, therefore no starting torque is
developed to start machine. When however, the single phase stator is connected to
single phase supply and the rotor is made to rotate by some external means, the
rotor conductors cut across the stator field causing an e.m.f.. during the next half
cycle the direction of generated emfs will be reversed . the generated rotor emfs
vary in phase with the stator current and flux. The rotor current due to these emfs
lags by nearly 90 degrees owing to low resistance and high inductance of the rotor
winding. The phase relations of the stator current and flux, the rotor emf and the
rotor current and flux are shown.

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