Randoms

01 - Ferrous
02 - Non-Ferrous
03 - Composites & Non-metallic
Composites
Wood
Fabric
04 - Corrosion
05 - Fasteners
Size List
Number Size Other number
3 3/32
4 1/8 #30
5 5/32 #20
6 3/16 #10
8 1/4

Bolts & Studs & Screws

Bolts
Bolt Features

Thread Angle -> Dişlerin bir birine yaptığı açı

Form -> Vidanın genel profili
Nominal Length -> Head to thread
Crest -> Diş ucu
Root -> Diş kökü
Pitch -> İki diş arası mesafe
Lead -> Vidanın bir tur döndüğünde ilerlediği mesafe
Flank -> Dişin yanağı
Major Diameter -> diş ucundan ölçülen çap
Minor Diameter -> diş kökünden ölçülen çap
 Pitch Diameter -> ikisinin ortası (diş ortasından) ölçülen çap
Grip Length -> Dişsiz kısım (hiloktaki işte ya)
Length -> Tam uzunluk kafadan diş başlangıcına kadar

Single Thread vs. Multiple Thread

Diş başlangıcı, normalde tek ama bazı vidalar iki falan başlıyor. Çok
başlangıçlılar daha hızlı ilerliyor "LEAD" = pitch x start

Identifications
Raised Cross (X) on head (ÇARPI) -> AN - Steel (with nickel)
Cross inside Triangle (Üçgen için çarpı) -> NAS close tolerance
Dash (lower side/atta kısa çizgi) -> CRES corrosion resistance steel
Double raised dash (iki tarafa yayılmış 2 çizgi) -> Aluminium

Bolt Standards
British Standards (BS)
BSW -> British Standard Whitworth -> British Standard Coarse (55° degree - Vee type -
rounded equally)
BSF -> Finer version of BSW (British Standard Whitworth) "resistance to vibration"
BSP -> Another BSW but "strong connection"

British Association (BA)

Different (BS) uses 47.5° degree

Size 0 to 10. (0 is larger thread)

American National Coarse and Fine (ANF & ANC)

60° degree, like in some ways metric

Unified
UNC - Unified National Coarse
UNF - Unified National Fine
UNEF - Unified National Extra Fine.

Unified Numbers

10-32 means -> Number 10 - 3/16" (diameter) + 32 TPI - threads per inch

Major dia formula -> Written Number X 0.013" + 0.060" = gives major diameter

#6-32 UNC 2B -> 6 x 0.013" + 0.060" = 0.138"

Thread Pitch
Fine -> dişler daha sıkı
Coarse -> dişler daha aralıklı

Thread Pitch Gauge

• The thread pitch gauge can also measure internal threads

• It is not easy to see the gauge teeth when measuring internal threads
• Identifying the correct pitch on an internal thread is done more by feel than
by eye

Thread Profiles
Square -> No degree
Buttress -> 45° degree
Acme -> 29° degree

Bolt Installation

above 2.4mm thickness -> 2 pitch + max 3 washers

below 2.4mm thickness -> no pitch maybe?

Studs (Saplama)
Ezi-out : Ters kılavuz

Self Tapping Screws (Akıllı vida)

secure thin-gauge sheet-metal (nuts and bolts are either impractical or too
expensive)
screwed into a hole of the correct diameter they form their own thread
Editor Notu : Kargo konteynırlarında kullanılıyordu

Nuts
non-self-locking nuts

Shear Castle Nut

Castle Nut
Slotted Engine Nut
Wing Nut
locking nuts
high-temperature
self-locking nuts
low-temperature self-locking nuts

HELI-COIL Insert
Installation
Tanged -> Sonunda çıkıntısı var, takmaya yardımcı oluyor, sonra kesmek gerekir. aleti
var (tang break-off tool) bazıları multi-tool installer aynı zamanda break-off
yapıyor ya da yan keski kullanılır. Standard olan tagned.

Removal
Kendi toolu var. Üçgen ağızlı

Locking Devices
Wire Lock (Safety Wire)

Letter Codes
C -> CRES
F -> Carbon Steel (Zinc Plated)
N -> Nickel (+ Chrome + Fe)
NC -> Nickel + Cu (Monel)

Wire locking details at -> Aircraft Maintenance Manual Chapter 20.

Methods
USE Single wire (without twisting), small screws in a closely-spaced closed
geometrical pattern, on parts in electrical systems and in places that are extremely
difficult to reach.
USE double-twist for all other application

Twist per inch

< 0.019" wire -> 11-14
0.019" - 0.026" wire -> 9-12
0.023" - 0.042" wire -> 7-10
0.043" - 0.065" wire -> 5-8
more than 0.065" wire -> 4-7

Washers
Spring Washer

Tab Washer

Shake-proof Washer

Circlips

Palnuts

Locking Plates

Used instead of tab washers where repeated removal of bolt is required

Split Pin & Cotter Pin

Can only be used once

Center Punching/Burring

Only carried out when detailed in aircraft document set

Quick Release
Pip Pin

Ring pull detent pin -> A single ball locates the pin, no positive lock. The
simplest option for location purposes. Simply push to insert, and pull to remove.
Fitted with a ’keyring’ loop.
Double acting steel pin -> the ring handle can be pushed in or pulled out (double
acting), Instantaneous self locking, vibration resistant, easy application.

Camloc

Flush Type
Protruding Head

Airloc

The fixed type

The floating type

Dzus
 light-duty type -> used on box covers, access hole covers, and lightweight
fairing.
heavy-duty type -> which is used on cowlings and heavy fairings.

Cotter Pins (KUPİL/KUPİLYA)

Made from low-carbon steel or
stainless steel -> resistant to corrosion.

Stainless steel cotter pins are used in locations where non-magnetic material
is required.
Whenever uneven-prong cotter pins are used, the length measurement is to the
end of the shorter prong

Cotter Pin IMPORTANT:

Use castellated nuts with bolts that have been drilled for cotter pins.

• Use stainless steel cotter pins especially near compasses.

• The cotter pin should fit neatly into the hole, with very little sideplay.
• Do not bend the prong over the bolt end beyond the bolt diameter (cut it off if
necessary).
• Do not bend the prong down against the surface of the washer (again, cut it off if
necessary).
• Do not extend the prongs outward from the sides of the nut if you use the optional
wraparound method.
• Bend all prongs over a reasonable radius – sharp-angled bends invite break- age.
• Tap the prongs lightly with a mallet to bend them.

Keys (KAMA)
Taper Keys -> a taper of 1 part in 100 on the thickness
Hollow Saddle Key->
Flat Saddle Key ->
Gib- Headed Key->
Feather Key -> This type of key is used when axial movement is required.
Woodruff Key ->

Rivets
Rivet Selection

When repairing aircraft structure, it must be restored to the condition of

structural integrity and aerodynamic shape that was needed for its original
certification.
When selecting a rivet, the shear strength of the rivet must match the bearing
strength of the material being riveted, with the bearing strength being slightly
higher than the shear strength.
A commonly-used rule of thumb for selecting the rivet size is to choose a rivet
 whose diameter is at least 3 times the thickness of the thinnest sheet being
joined.

Head Types
Flush Head
Countersink -> 100° degree or 82° degree
Universal -> Protruding head -> başlı perçin

Codes
NAS1097 -> Shear Head (küçük havşa, BACR)
A -> 1100 -> As fabricated no heat threatment
AD -> 2117 -> have sufficient strength. no heat-treat need "SMALL DIMPLE"
D -> BAC (Boeing) - Küçük havşa, uçağın kendisinde gelen
DD -> Two RAISED DASH (ice-box rivets) buzdan çıktıktan 15 dakika içinde çakılması
lazım
M -> two recessed dimples or a raised R + contains nickel
B -> 5056 Magnesium RAISED CROSS / 5% magnesium contains
F -> Corrosion resistant steel
T -> Titanium RAISED V or T . for fastening titanium or steel alloys

Aluminum

Heat Rivet Treatment

Solution Annealing -> 495° C deg / certain time / 20° degree water quenching / 20 to
180 minute ductile (ready to install) / after starts auto hardening

All rivets of the materials 3.1324, 2017, 2017A and 2024 - Alloys, which are
not used directly after the solution annealing process, have to be stored at −18C
At this temperature the rivets can be stored for up to 7 days. At - 20C the
storage time can be increased up to 20 days
As soon as the rivets are removed from the freezer, the autonomous hardening
process of the material begins

Monel (Nickel)

Titanium

Special Types

Close Tolerance Rivets or Seal Tank Rivets

Thin sheet rivets

Cherry Buck Titanium Shear-Pin

İki farklı materyalden oluşan parçalı rivet sistemi :
 high shear loadlar için yapılmıştır. Hiloklara alternatif. Robotlar
çakabiliyor bunu
Kafa ve ortası -> Ti6Al4V (AMS 4967)
Tapered son / alt kısmı -> Ti/Cb (AMS 4982) (Titan/Columbium) vurulunca diğer
kafayı oluşturuyor
Orijinal kafası 95 KSI tensile strength var
600 F sıcaklığa dayanıklı
Parça kodu CSR925 + Dia + Finish code + grip length + special codes
Finish Code D (Alum coating) ya da E (Alum coating) ya da WA (Color anodize blue)
A330/40larda 40% ağırlıktan tasarruf without no shear strength loss

Hi-lok
Collar

Hi-lite
Hi-Tique
Taper-lok
Lock Bolt
Blind-rivets
Types

Cherry Series
Cherrylock
head types:

Universal
100°Countersunk
100°Countersunk (shallow) (for thin-sheet applications).

Sizes : 1/8" - 5/32" 3/16"

Materials:

5056 aluminium alloy

2017 aluminium alloy
Monel
A-286 CRES

Bulbed Cherrylock (çıkıntılı kafalı olan, kulaklı somun şeyi gibi)

only available in diameters 1/64" oversize from the normal nominal sizes.

Head types available are:

 Universal
100°Countersunk
Unisink (a combination of countersunk and Universal)
156°Countersunk (for honeycomb materials)
This is very useful if rivet holes have become worn during rivet removal and
gives the flexibility of fitting a larger diameter rivet without needing to open
up the hole to the next nominal diameter (which may be critical in maintaining
sufficient land).

Materials:

5056 aluminium alloy

Monel
Inconel 600

Olympic-Lok Rivets

dandik çekme, kulaklı somun için

Head Styles
Universal (protruding)
100°flush countersunk
100°flush shear.

Material

There are eight different alloy combinations of: 2017−T4 A-286 5056 Monel.
Huck ya da cherry max tabancası çekmez, elle çekmek lazım

Jo-bolt

high-strength blind fastener

Rivnut
bu benim bildiğim insert aslında, çekiyorsun, içi vidalı. malzemesi hafif.

06 - Pipes Unions
07 - Springs
08 - Bearings
09 - Transmissions
10 - Control Cables
11 - Electric Cables and Connectors