INVERSE LAPLACE TRANFORM

 INVERS LAPLACE TRANSFORM is extremely useful in solving differential equations

without finding general solution and arbitrary constant.
 If Laplace transformation is
𝐿{𝑓(𝑡)} = 𝐹(𝑠) (Here F(s) is laplace transform of f(t) )
Then inverse laplace transformation is
𝐿−1 {𝐹(𝑠)} = 𝑓(𝑡) (Similarly f(t) is inverse laplace transform)

IMPORTANT FORMULAE

Laplace Inverse Laplace

Transformation Tansformation
𝑳{𝒇(𝒕)} = 𝑭(𝒔) 𝑳−𝟏 {𝑭(𝒔)} = 𝒇(𝒕)

Sr. No 𝒇(𝒕) 𝑳{𝒇(𝒕)}=𝑭(𝒔) 𝑳−𝟏{𝑭(𝒔)} 𝒇(𝒕)

1 𝑓(𝑡) = 1 1 1 1
L{1} = L−1 { }
s s
2 𝑓(𝑡) = 𝑡𝑛 n! n! tn
L{t n } = L−1 { n+1 }
Or s n+1 s
tn−1 Replace n with n-1
𝑓(𝑡)=(n−1)! ang bringing factorial
factor on other side
t n−1 1
L{ }= n
(n − 1)! s 1
L−1 { n } t n−1
s
(n − 1)!
3 f(t) = e at 1 1 e at
L{e at } = L−1 { }
Or s−a s−a
1 1
f(t) = e −at L{e −at } = L−1 { } e −at
s+a s+a

4 f(t) = cos(at) L{cos(at)} s cos(at)

L−1 { }
s (s 2 + a2 )
= 2
(s + a2 )
5 f(t) = sin(at) L{sin(at)} a sin(at)
L−1 { }
a (s 2 + a2 )
= 2
(s + a2 )
 1
L { sin(at)}
6 1 a 1 1
f(t) = sin(at) 1 L−1 { } sin(at)
a = 2 (s 2 + a2 ) a
(s + a2 )

7 f(t) = cosh(at) L{cosh(at)} s cosh(at)

L−1 { }
s (s 2 − a2 )
= 2
(s − a2 )
8 f(t) = sinh(at) L{sinh(at)} a sinh(at)
L−1 { }
a (s 2 − a2 )
= 2
(s − a2 )
1
L { sinh(at)}
a 1
1 L−1 { } 1
= 2 (s 2 − a2 ) sinh(at)
(s + a2 ) a

9 f ′ (t) = e at f(t) L{e at f(t)} = F(s L−1 {F(s − a)} e at f(t)

−a)
(1st shifting theorem)
10 f ′ (t) = e −at f(t) L{e−at f(t)} = F(s L−1 {F(s + a)} e −at f(t)
+a)
(1st shifting theorem)
11 f(t) = e at cos(bt) L{e at cos(bt)} s−a e at cos(bt)
L−1 { }
s−a ((s − a)2 + b 2 )
=
((s − a)2 + b 2 )
12 f(t) = e at sin(bt) L{e at sin(bt)} b e at sin(bt)
L−1 { }
b ((s − a)2 + b 2 )
=
((s − a)2 + b 2 )
13 f(t) = e at cosh(bt) L{e at cosh(bt)} s−a e at cosh(bt)
L−1 { }
s−a ((s − a)2 − b 2 )
=
((s − a)2 − b 2 )
14 f(t) = e at sinh(bt) L{e at sinh(bt)} b e at sinh(bt)
L−1 { }
b ((s − a)2 − b 2 )
=
((s − a)2 − b 2 )
15 t t 1 t
f(t) = ∫ f(t)dt L {∫ f(t)dt} L−1 { F(s)} ∫ f(t)dt
0 0
s 0
1
= F(s)
s
 16 f(t) = tcos(at) L{tcos(at)} s 2 − a2 tcos(at)
L−1 { }
s 2 − a2 (s 2 + a2 )2
= 2
(s + a2 )2
17 f(t) = tsin(at) L{tsin(at)} 2as tsin(at)
L−1 { }
2as (s 2 + a2 )2
= 2
(s + a2 )2

Solved Problems
Find the inverse laplace transformation of the following questions
𝟏
1. 𝐋−𝟏 {𝐬−𝟐}
Compare it with the standard form that is
1
L−1 { } = e at
s−a

1
so 𝐿−1 {𝑠−2} = 𝑒 2𝑡
𝟏
2. 𝐋−𝟏 {𝐬+𝟓}
1 1
L−1 {} = L−1 { }
s+5 s − (−5)
Compare it with the standard form that is
1
L−1 { } = e at
s−a

1
so L−1 { } = e −5t
s+5

𝟏
3. 𝐋−𝟏 {𝐬𝟒 }

Compare it with the standard form that is

−1
1 tn
L { n+1 } =
s n!

1 1
L−1 { 4 } = L−1 { 3+1 }
s s
𝑡3 𝑡3 𝑡3
3!
= 3×2×1 = 6

1 t3
L−1 { 4 } =
s 6
 𝟏
4. 𝐋−𝟏 {(𝐬𝟐+𝟒)}

Compare it with the standard form that is

𝑎 1 1
𝐿−1 {(𝑠2 +𝑎2 )} = sin(𝑎𝑡) → 𝐿−1 {(𝑠2 +𝑎2 )} = 𝑎 sin(𝑎𝑡)

1 1 1
The new form is 𝐿−1 {(𝑠2 } = 𝐿−1 {(𝑠2 } = sin(2𝑡)
+4) +22 ) 2
𝐬
5. 𝐋−𝟏 {(𝐬𝟐+𝟏𝟔)}

Compare it with the standard form that is

𝑠
𝐿−1 { } = cos(𝑎𝑡)
(𝑠 2 + 𝑎2 )

𝑠 𝑠
so 𝐿−1 {(𝑠2 +16)} = 𝐿−1 {(𝑠2 +42 )} = cos(4𝑡)

𝟐
6. 𝐋−𝟏 {(𝐬𝟐−𝟗)}

Compare it with the standard form that is

a 1 1
L−1 {(s2 −a2 )} = sinh(at) → L−1 {(s2 −a2 )} = a sinh(at)

2 1
So L−1 {(s2 −9)} = 2 × L−1 {(s2 −32 )}
1
= 2 × sinh(3t)
3
2
= 3 sinh(3t)

Note: Dear students in case of any typing mistake in above given formulae, please consult
HK Dass, Chapter 47.