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RAC

The Electrolux refrigeration system uses ammonia, hydrogen, and water in a three-fluid absorption cycle. Ammonia acts as the refrigerant, hydrogen increases the evaporation rate of ammonia in the evaporator, and water absorbs ammonia in the absorber. The strong ammonia-water solution is heated in the generator to release ammonia vapor, which is then condensed and flows to the evaporator where it meets hydrogen gas and evaporates, absorbing heat and producing cooling. The ammonia vapor and hydrogen mixture then flows to the absorber where ammonia is absorbed by water while hydrogen returns to the evaporator, completing the cycle without mechanical parts.

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29 views3 pages

RAC

The Electrolux refrigeration system uses ammonia, hydrogen, and water in a three-fluid absorption cycle. Ammonia acts as the refrigerant, hydrogen increases the evaporation rate of ammonia in the evaporator, and water absorbs ammonia in the absorber. The strong ammonia-water solution is heated in the generator to release ammonia vapor, which is then condensed and flows to the evaporator where it meets hydrogen gas and evaporates, absorbing heat and producing cooling. The ammonia vapor and hydrogen mixture then flows to the absorber where ammonia is absorbed by water while hydrogen returns to the evaporator, completing the cycle without mechanical parts.

Uploaded by

neerajbhayal3456
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Describe Electrolux refrigeration system with a neat sketch?

The Electrolux refrigeration system is also called ‘three-fluid absorption system’. The three fluids used
are ammonia, hydrogen and water.

The main purpose of this system is to make the machine noiseless by eliminating moving parts i.e.
pump.

Ammonia is used as a refrigerant. Hydrogen, being the lightest gas, is used to increase rate of
evaporation of liquid ammonia passing through the evaporator. This is used in the low pressure side of
the system.

Water is used as solvent because it has ability to absorb ammonia readily.

The strong ammonia solution from absorber through heat exchanger is heated in generator by using an
external source, usually a gas burner.

The ammonia vapours thereby produced are sent to condenser via a rectifier or water separator to
remove water vapour carried with ammonia vapours. This is done because water vapours, if not
removed, enter into evaporator and cause freezing and choking of machine.

The hot weak solution left behind in generator flows to the absorber through the heat exchanger where
it gets cooled by giving away heat to the strong solution going to generator. This accelerates absorption
and improves performance of plant. Ammonia vapours are condensed using external cooling source in
the condenser. From here the liquid refrigerant flows under gravity to evaporator where it meets the
hydrogen gas.

The hydrogen gas, fed to the evaporator, permits liquid ammonia to evaporate at a low pressure and
temperature according to Dalton’s principle. Ammonia absorbs latent heat from refrigerated space
during its evaporation, and thus produces cooling effect.

The ammonia vapour and hydrogen mixture is passed to absorber where ammonia is absorbed in water
while hydrogen rises to top and flows back to evaporator. The coefficient of performance is given by:
2. Lithium bromide –Water absorption refrigeration system

Ans: The lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system uses a solution of lithium bromide in water.
Water being used as refrigerant whereas Li-Br is a highly hydroscopic salt, used as absorbent. The Li-Br
solution has a strong affinity for water vapour because of its very low vapour pressure. Also it is
corrosive, hence Lithium chromate is often used as an inhibitor. The absorber and evaporator are placed
in one shell which operates at same low pressure of system, while generator and condenser are placed
in another shell which operates at same high pressure of system.

Water for air conditioning coils pumped through chilled water tubes, is chilled in evaporator by giving up
heat to refrigerant water sprayed over the tubes.

Since evaporator pressure is maintained very low, therefore refrigerant water evaporates and the
vapours are absorbed by strong Li-Br solution which is sprayed in absorber. This absorption makes the
solution weak and maintains high vacuum in evaporator.
The weak solution is pumped to generator where it is heated up using steam or hot water in heating
coils. This leads to evaporation of some portion of water thereby making the solution strong. Now this
solution is sent back to absorber for spraying as mentioned above.

The weak solution going to generator is passed through heat exchanger where it absorbs heat from the
strong solution coming from generator. This reduces steam requirement for the generator to heat the
weak solution.

The refrigerant water vapours formed in generator are passed to condenser. Cooling water for
condensing is pumped from cooling water pond or tower, and this water goes first to the absorber for
taking away heat of condensation and dilution, and then to the condenser.

The condensate from condenser is sent to evaporator to compensate the loss of refrigerant water
through evaporation and is pumped and sprayed on the chilled tubes, thus completing the cycle.

The pressure reducing valve reduces the condensate pressure from condenser to evaporator pressure.
The pressure for spray is created using the pressure difference between generator and absorber, and
the gravity due to height difference of the two shells.

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