DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING

Subject: Mobile Application Development (MAD) Subject Code: 22617

Semester: 6 Course: CO6IA
Laboratory No: V119 Name of the Subject Teacher: Prof. Prasad Koyande
Name of the Student: Diksha Sunil Jadhav Roll Id: 21203A0057

Experiment No. 01
Title of the experiment Compare various operating systems with Android OS.

Practical Related Questions:

1. List different Android O.S. versions.

1. Android 1.0 (no codename) - September 23, 2008

2. Android 1.1 (Petit Four) - February 9, 2009
3. Android 1.5 (Cupcake) - April 30, 2009
4. Android 1.6 (Donut) - September 15, 2009
5. Android 2.0/2.1 (Éclair) - October 26, 2009
6. Android 2.2 (Froyo) - May 20, 2010
7. Android 2.3 (Gingerbread) - December 6, 2010
8. Android 3.0/3.1/3.2 (Honeycomb) - February 22, 2011
9. Android 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich) - October 18, 2011
10. Android 4.1/4.2/4.3 (Jelly Bean) - July 9, 2012
11. Android 4.4 (KitKat) - October 31, 2013
12. Android 5.0/5.1 (Lollipop) - November 12, 2014
13. Android 6.0 (Marshmallow) - October 5, 2015
14. Android 7.0/7.1 (Nougat) - August 22, 2016
15. Android 8.0/8.1 (Oreo) - August 21, 2017
16. Android 9 (Pie) - August 6, 2018
17. Android 10 - September 3, 2019
18. Android 11 - September 8, 2020
19. Android 12 - October 4, 2021
20. Android 13 - August 15, 2022
21. Android 14 - October 4, 2023

2. State characteristics of android operating system

The Android operating system, developed by Google, is known for several key characteristics that
have contributed to its popularity and widespread adoption. Here are some of the notable
characteristics of the Android operating system:

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 1. Open Source:

Android is an open-source operating system, allowing developers to access and modify the
source code as needed. This openness has led to a large and active community of developers
contributing to its evolution.

2. Customization:

Android offers a high level of customization for both users and device manufacturers.
Manufacturers can create custom interfaces (skins) for their devices, and users can personalize
their devices with widgets, themes, and third-party apps.

3. App Ecosystem:

Android has a vast and diverse app ecosystem, facilitated by the Google Play Store. Developers
can create and distribute applications easily, contributing to the availability of millions of apps
covering various categories.

4. Multi-Device Compatibility:

Android is designed to run on a wide range of devices, including smartphones, tablets, smart TVs,
wearables, and more. This versatility allows manufacturers to use Android across different form
factors.

5. Fragmentation:

Android's open nature has led to device fragmentation, where different devices may run different
versions of the operating system. Manufacturers and carriers often customize and delay
updates, leading to a diverse ecosystem of Android versions in use.

6. Google Integration:

Android is tightly integrated with Google services, such as Gmail, Google Calendar, Google Maps,
and others. This integration enhances the user experience by providing seamless access to these
services.

7. Notification System:

Android introduced a highly praised and user-friendly notification system. Users can receive and
interact with notifications directly from the lock screen, and notifications are grouped and
prioritized for easier management.

8. Multitasking:

Android supports multitasking, allowing users to run multiple applications simultaneously.

Recent versions of Android have introduced features like split-screen mode, enabling users to
use two apps side by side.

9. Security Features:

Android incorporates various security features, including app sandboxing, application

permission system, and Google Play Protect. Google regularly releases security updates to
address vulnerabilities and enhance the platform's overall security.

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 10. Google Play Services:

Google Play Services provide a set of APIs and background services that enable features like
location services, push notifications, and seamless integration with Google's cloud services.
This helps maintain consistency across different Android devices.

11. Material Design:

Introduced with Android 5.0 (Lollipop), Material Design is a design language that provides a
consistent and visually appealing user interface across different Android devices, emphasizing a
flat and tactile design.

12. Widgets

Apps are versatile, but sometimes you want information at a glance instead of having to open an
app and wait for it to load. Android widgets let you display just about any feature you choose on
the home screen, including weather apps, music widgets, or productivity tools that helpfully
remind you of upcoming meetings or approaching deadlines.

13. Near Field Communication (NFC)

Most Android devices support NFC, which allows electronic devices to interact across short
distances easily. The main goal here is to create a payment option that is simpler than carrying
cash or credit cards, and while the market hasn't exploded as many experts had predicted, there
may be an alternative in the works, in the form of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE).

14. Infrared Transmission

The Android operating system supports a built-in infrared transmitter that allows you to use your
phone or tablet as a remote control.

15. Automation

The Tasker app allows control of app permissions and also automates them.

16. Wireless App Downloads

You can download apps on your PC by using the Android Market or third-party options
like AppBrain. Then it automatically syncs them to your Droid, and no plugging is required.

17. Storage and Battery Swap

Android phones also have unique hardware capabilities. Google's OS makes it possible to
upgrade, replace, and remove your battery that no longer holds a charge. In addition, Android
phones come with SD card slots for expandable storage.

18. Custom Home Screens

While it's possible to hack certain phones to customize the home screen, Android comes with
this capability from the get-go. Download a third-party launcher like Apex, Nova, and you can
add gestures, new shortcuts, or even performance enhancements for older-model devices.

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 19. Custom ROMs

Because the Android operating system is open-source, developers can twist the current OS and
build their versions, which users can download and install in place of the stock OS. Some are
filled with features, while others change the look and feel of a device. Chances are, if there's a
feature you want, someone has already built a custom ROM for it.

Exercise:

1. Draw the architectural diagram of Android operating system.

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 2. Differentiate between Windows operating system and Android operating system.

Features Windows operating system Android operating system

Developer Microsoft Google
Open Source No (proprietary) Yes (open source)
User Interface Varied Varied(desktop, mobile) Mobile-focused, customizable
App Ecosystem Microsoft Store Google Play Store
Device Types Desktops, laptops, tablets, 2- Smartphones, tablets, smart
in-1s, servers TVs, wearables
Customization Limited Extensive
Integration with Cloud OneDrive Google Drive
Default Web Browser Microsoft Edge Google Chrome
Virtual Assistants Cortana (Windows 10) Google Assistant
Updates Controlled by Microsoft Controlled by manufacturers,
carriers, and Google

Process related (15M) Product related (10M) Total (25M) Sign of the teacher

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