TRANSPOENG

Principles of Transportation Engineering

Module 1.0
Introduction to Transportation Engineering

Engr. Marlowe Labusnog

Instructor
Topic Learning Outcomes
By the end of this module, the student should be able to:
1. Define what transportation is and its importance to the society;
2. Enumerate the benefits we get from transportation;
3. Differentiate transportation engineering from traffic engineering;
4. Discuss the current situation of the transportation system in the
Philippines;
5. Enumerate the current challenges encountered in the transport system;
6. Realize the role of engineers in addressing these transportation
problems.
What is transportation?
Transportation is defined as the movement of people and
goods to meet the basic needs of society that require mobility and
access.

Source: CTTO
Transportation Engineering
 Transportation Engineering (a sub-discipline of civil engineering)
 “ The application of technological and scientific principles to the
planning, functional design, operation, and management of facilities
for any mode of transportation in order to provide for safe, rapid,
comfortable, convenient, economical, and environmentally
compatible movement of people and goods” (Institute of Transportation
Engineers, 1987).

 Traffic Engineering
 Branch of transportation engineering
 “That phase of transportation engineering which deals with planning,
geometric design, and traffic operations of roads, streets, and highways,
their networks, terminals, abutting lands, and relationships with other
modes of transportation.” (ITE, 1987)
Importance of Transportation
 The ability to move people and goods from one location to
another is perhaps the key to survival
 In business, it is considered as an auxiliary to trade,
 it supports trade and industry in carrying raw materials to the place of
production and distributing finished products for consumption.
 National economic growth, industrialization, and massive
production
Importance of Transportation
1. Makes available raw materials to manufacturers or
producers.
2. Makes available goods to customers: Transport makes
possible movement of goods from one place to another with
great ease and speed.
3. Enhances standard of living: Easy means of transport
facilitates large-scale production at low costs. It gives
consumers the choice to make use of different quantities of
goods at different prices.
4. Helps during emergencies and natural calamities: In times
of national crisis, due to war or internal disturbance, transport
helps in quick movement of troops and the supplies needed in
the operation.
Importance of Transportation
5. Helps in labor mobility.
6. Helps in bringing nations together, social values.
7. Helps in creation of employment: transport provides
employment opportunity in several areas of transportation:
• Logistics and Supply-Chain Management
• Vehicle Design and Transportation Services
• Transportation Infrastructure Services
• Specialties within Transportation Infrastructure Engineering.
Issues & Challenges in Transportation
 Capital Costs (RROW, Facilities, & Maintenance) & Operating
Costs (Labor, Fuel Tires and Batteries, and Maintenance for the
modes of transportation).
 Traffic Congestion
 Safety and Accident Issues
 Environmental Issues
Issues & Challenges in Transportation
 Traffic Congestion
 Demand exceeds the capacity of the transportation system

Source: https://www.philstar.com/
Source: https://www.philstar.com/
Issues & Challenges in Transportation
 Safety and Accident Issues
 An average of 11,612 deaths were recorded from 2015-2019 due to
transport accidents (Philippine Statistics Authority, 2021).

Source: https://philkotse.com/
Issues & Challenges in Transportation
 Safety and Accident Issues
TABLE 13.20 Comparative Statistics on Road Traffic Accidents in Metro
Manila: 2009 to 2020
Number of Accident
Damage to Property
Year
Fatal Non-fatal Total (number of vehicles)
2009 277 12,289 12,566 55,129
2010 391 15,423 15,814 62,132
2011 370 15,827 16,197 60,913
2012 394 16,708 17,102 65,655
2013 411 16,740 17,151 69,414
2014 418 16,665 17,083 73,175
2015 519 17,103 17,622 77,993
2016 426 16,416 16,842 92,480
2017 423 15,505 15,928 94,097
2018 383 17,891 18,274 98,632
2019 372 20,466 20,838 100,933
2020 337 14,465 14,802 50,230
Average 393 16,292 16,685 75,065
 Challenges in Transportation
 Environmental Issues
 One of the very challenging issues in transportation.
Large Scale:
- Air quality, energy consumption, and land use
Small Scale:
- Displacement of residents and businesses, noise, impacts on water quality, visual impacts
- Construction of transportation facilities impacts upon agricultural lands, historical sites, and
rivers.

Source: https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/vehicles-
air-pollution-human-health Source: https://www.deccanherald.com/
Transportation is an interdisciplinary field.
• Civil Engineer – responsible for the development, structural design,
construction, and maintenance of the fixed facilities of transportation
systems.
• Automotive, Mechanical, & Aeronautical Engineers, as well as Naval
Architects – responsible for the development and design of various modes
in transportation
• Electrical Engineers and Electronics Engineers – develop power,
communications, and control systems
• Human Factor Specialists – study the complexities of human performance
as vehicle operators and passengers. Other fields include economics,
geography, city planning, public administration, political science,
criminology/police, social sciences, etc.

These different disciplines must work together to achieve a safe,

efficient, and convenient movement of people and goods.
Transportation Systems & Characteristics
1. Highway System
 The most accessible among transportation systems and built to the
highest construction standards.
• Mode: Trucks, buses,
automobiles, bicycle
• Passenger Service: Intercity
and local, recreational
• Freight Service: Intercity and
local; all commodities
generally small shipments;
containers, packages on an
intercity service.

Source: CTTO
Transportation Systems & Characteristics
2. Rail Transport System
 Railroads are roads on which trains of freight and passenger cars, drawn
by locomotives, travel on tracks formed by pairs of parallel metal. In
most countries, the rail system began under national ownership and
operation.
• Mode: Railroads, rail transit
• Passenger Service: Intercity
and local, regional
• Freight Service: Intercity;
generally bulk and oversize
shipmnents/containers
Transportation Systems & Characteristics
3. Air Transport System
 Includes commercial airlines, air freight carriers, and general aviation or
private aircraft. Air travel has revolutionized warfare, advanced
technology, reduced travel time, and transport people from place to
place.
• Mode: Air Carriers and
General Aviation
• Passenger Service: Intercity
and local, regional, and
international flight
• Freight Service: Shipments
of high value freight on long
hauls only.
Source: CTTO
Transportation Systems & Characteristics
4. Water Transport System
 Water transportation has progressed from early rafts and canoes to
more complex sailing ships to today’s large passenger and freight ships.
Two-thirds of the earth’s surface is covered by water, so progress with
civilization is natural tied up to the ability to move over water.
• Mode: container ships, bulk
cargo carriers, and oil tankers
• Passenger Service: Cruise
traffic, ferry service, regional
• Freight Service: Bulk Cargo,
containers, ships and barges.

Source: CTTO
Transportation Systems & Characteristics
5. Continuous Flow Transport System
 Includes pipelines, elevators, and escalators as well as belts and cables
for recreation. Pipelines are specialized freight transportation systems
whose markets include crude oil, petroleum products, and natural gas.
• Mode: pipelines, belts, and
cables
• Passenger Service:
Escalators and horizontal belts
for short distances, lifts, and
tows for short distances in
rough terrain.
• Freight Service: Oil and
natural gasses; long and short
hauls.
Questions?