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Heat is an energy that is transferred from warmer objects to cooler ones, affecting their internal energy. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules - the faster they move, the higher the temperature. Phase changes occur when the temperature and molecular structures of substances change, such as melting, evaporation, freezing, and condensation. Sublimation and deposition are phase changes between solid and gas without passing through the liquid phase. An electric circuit is a closed loop through which electric current flows in a single or branched path according to Ohm's Law.

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78 views8 pages

Science 8 Reviewer

Heat is an energy that is transferred from warmer objects to cooler ones, affecting their internal energy. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules - the faster they move, the higher the temperature. Phase changes occur when the temperature and molecular structures of substances change, such as melting, evaporation, freezing, and condensation. Sublimation and deposition are phase changes between solid and gas without passing through the liquid phase. An electric circuit is a closed loop through which electric current flows in a single or branched path according to Ohm's Law.

Uploaded by

Mercurio, Katrina Eunice
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SCIENCE 8 REVIEWER

HEAT AND TEMPERATURE


Heat - is an energy that is transferred from one body to another as the result of a difference in
temperature. Heat transfer is essential in our daily lives.

Heat is produced from molecules of matter that continuously vibrate. Heat is an energy form that
transfers from a body of higher temperature to another body of lower temperature . Once heat is
transferred or released, it affects the internal energy of the body. Internal energy is the total energy in a
body. Thus, it includes the potential energy and the kinetic energy of the molecules or atoms in an
object.

Joule SI unit - is an abbreviation for Système International: the international system of units used for
scientific measurements.

Joule - is defined as the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a given mass by one
degree.

Temperature - is commonly associated with coldness or hotness of a body. Temperature is a measure of


hotness or coldness of an object. Kinetic molecular theory tells us that all matter has molecules or
atoms which are constantly moving; thus, they have kinetic energy. Molecules are constantly moving
but at different speeds and in the same direction. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic
energy of molecules. When molecules move faster, they have higher temperatures while when
molecules move slower, they have lower temperatures.

Phase Change - When the temperature of substances changes, the molecular structure and movement
also change which results to phase change.

Fusion or melting - It is the process that causes a solid to change to its liquid state. The amount of heat
required to produce this change is called heat of fusion.
Evaporation – When water boils, evaporation takes place. Heat is absorbed and water is converted into
steam or water vapor. The amount of heat needed for a liquid to evaporate depends on the boiling
point of the liquid.

Solidification or Freezing - The process of changing liquids to solids is called solidification or freezing

Condensation - When water vapor releases heat, its gas state changes to the liquid state through
condensation which accounts for the formation of clouds in the water cycle.

Sublimation - In addition, sublimation is the process of transforming a substance from the solid phase
directly to the gas state without passing the liquid phase and requires additional energy

Deposition - is the process of transforming a substance from gas to solid without passing the liquid
phase and requires a release of energy. Example: Water vapor to ice - Water vapor transforms directly
into ice without becoming a liquid, a process that often occurs on windows during the winter months.

Electrical Circuits
OHM’s LAW
ELECTRIC CIRCUIT
An electric circuit is a closed loop or pathway through which electric current flows. This path can be a
single direction or branched path.
OHM’S LAW
READ 2ND SEMI – QUARTERLY EXAM (:

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