Polymer Science & Technology: Syllabus & Guidelines OF Chemistry SRI Jayewardenepura
Polymer Science & Technology: Syllabus & Guidelines OF Chemistry SRI Jayewardenepura
Polymer Science & Technology: Syllabus & Guidelines OF Chemistry SRI Jayewardenepura
(GENERAL) DEGREE
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DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCES
UNIVERSITY OF SRI JAYEWARDENEPURA
Polymer Science and Technology Course Units
Page
st st
1 Year – 1 Semester
1. PST 101 2.0 Introduction to Polymer# 2
2. PST 102 1.0 Inorganic Polymers# 4
3. PST 108 1.0 Statistics for Polymer Science# 5
4. PST 111 1.0 Polymer with Special Functionalities# 6
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PST 206 1.0 Analytical Method and Testing of Polymers#
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1. 13
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2. PST 207 1.0 Solution Properties and Thermodynamics of Polymers# 15
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3. PST 214 1.0 Rubber Based Industries# AR IS 16
4. PST 216 1.0 Latex Technology# 18
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2. 21
3. PST 218 1.0 Engineering Plastics# 22
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2. 29
3. PST 303 1.0 Polymer Coating and Paint Industry* 30
4. PST 305 1.0 Laboratory Practicala 32
Page 1 of 41
Course Title : PST 101 2.0 Introduction to Polymers
Number of lecture hours : 30
Number of Tutorial hours : 6
Lecturer in Charge : Prof. L. Karunanayake
Objectives:
Introduction to the subject of polymer chemistry.
Introduction to concept of average molar masses and molar mass distributions
Study conformations, thermal properties and thermal transitions of polymers
Elastomers, plastics and fibers
Fundamentals of Step-growth polymerization
Introduction to Chain/addition polymerization- ionic and free radical polymerization
Course Content:
1. Monomers and Polymers. Prerequisite to qualify as a monomer
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(1h)
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2. Differentiation of Polymers from simple molecules
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(1h)
3. Basic concepts of joining monomer molecules to form dimers, trimmers, oligomers
AR IS
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and polymers
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(1h)
4. Classifications of polymers. Different approaches of categorizing polymers
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(1h)
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IUPAC Nomenclature
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(2h)
6. Different average molar masses, their definitions and molar mass distributions, and
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polydispersity
(4h)
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Page 2 of 41
11. Chain/addition polymerization- ionic and free radical polymerization. Initiation,
propagation and termination.
(4h)
Learning outcomes:
Students would be comprehended of basics of polymer chemistry.
Students would learn concept of average molar masses and molar mass distributions
Students would learn conformations, thermal properties and thermal transitions of
polymers
Students would be introduced elastomers, plastics and fibers that are used in the
industry
Students would learn fundamentals of Step-growth polymerization
Students would learn fundamentals of Chain/addition polymerization- ionic and free
radical polymerization
Method of assessment:
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End of semester 2 h theory paper
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References:
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1. Textbook of polymer science, 3rd ed., Fred W. Billmeyer, Jr., Wiley-Interscience,
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New York
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Page 3 of 41
Course Title : PST 102 1.0 Inorganic Polymers
Number of lecture hours : 15
Number of Tutorial hours : 3
Lecturer in Charge : Prof. Sudantha Liyanage
Objectives:
Overview the area of inorganic polymers.
Familiarize the nomenclature, structure and properties, preparation and industrial
applications of commonly used inorganic polymers.
Course content:
1. Categories of Inorganic Polymers
Graphite, Diamond, Fullerene, Glass, Ceramics, Silica, Silicates, Silicones,
Aluminum Silicates and Related Compounds
Disadvantages in inorganic polymers over organic polymers
Structure and the Physical, Chemical properties of Graphite, Diamond and Fullerene
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(4h)
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2. Silica and silica based products
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Structure, properties and industrial applications of Quartz (Eg:-Granite), Glass;
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Properties, Manufacturing processes and techniques, Types of glass, Uses of
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different kinds of glass, Cement and Asbestos
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(4h)
AY C
3. Aluminosilicates
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(3h)
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4. Chemistry of Silicone
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(4h)
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Learning outcome:
Students should be able to select the inorganic polymers for the suitable application.
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Students should be able to relate the chemical structures of inorganic polymers to the
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properties.
References:
1. Inorganic Chemistry by J. D. Lee
2. Inorganic Chemistry by Cotton &Willinson
Page 4 of 41
Course Title : PST 108 1.0 Statistics for Polymer Science
Number of lecture hours : 15
Number of Tutorial hours : 3
Lecturer in Charge : Dr. Dilru Ratnaweera
Objectives:
Overview of the basic statistic concepts
Introduce probability distribution functions
Describe basic hypothesis testing methods for data analysis
Course content:
1. Basic introduction
Population, sample, accuracy, precession, repeatability, reproducibility, significant
figures
(1h)
2. Location statistics
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Mean, median and mode
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(1/2 h)
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3. Measure of dispersion/variabilityAR IS
Range, inter quartile range, variance, coefficient of variance, slandered deviation,
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standard error
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(1 ½ h)
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4. Probability
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(4h)
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5. Hypothesis testing
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Basic steps, one tailed and two tailed tests, z-test, t-test, Chi-square test
(4h)
6. Error propagation
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(1 ½ h)
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7. Sampling techniques
Ways to chose samples to represent the whole population, non probability
sampling and bias, random sampling, cluster sampling, systematic sampling
(1 ½ h)
8. Statistical analysis software and graphical data representation:
(1h)
Learning outcomes:
Be able to describe basic statistical concepts
Be able to utilize statistical tools to validate experimental data
Be able to utilize the statistics knowledge to maintain the accuracy in laboratory
practicals and research projects
Be able to utilize the statistics knowledge in advanced courses in polymer science and
technology program
Page 5 of 41
Method of assessment:
References:
1. Introductory Statistics, Neil A. Weis, Pearson; 9 edition (January 6, 2011),ISBN-10:
0321691229, ISBN-13: 978-0321691224
2. An Introduction to Statistics, George Woodbury , Publication Date: August 29, 2001
, ISBN-10: 0534377556 , ISBN-13: 978-0534377557 , Edition: 1
3. Introductory Statistics, Prem S. Mann, Publication Date: February 17, 2006 , ISBN-
10: 0471755303 , ISBN-13: 978-0471755302 , Edition: 6
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Number of Tutorial hours : 3
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Lecturer in Charge : Dr. K. M. Thilini D. Gunasekara
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Objectives:
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Course content:
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(1/2 h)
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2. Smart Polymers
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(3½ h)
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Learning outcomes:
Students will learn characteristics of various functional polymers
Students will be able to correlate the specific properties with the polymeric structure
Identified the latest advances and applications in Polymer science and technology
Method of assessment:
References:
1. Smart polymers- applications in biotechnology and biomedicine by Igor Galaev and
Bo Mattiasson, CRC press, 2008
2. Liquid Crystalline Polymers By A. M. Donald, A. H. Windle, S. Hanna, Cambridge
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university press, 2005
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Objectives:
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To provide knowledge on raw materials and energy sources used in the polymer
industry
To provide understanding on the basic concepts of unit operations, process
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Course content:
1. Introduction to polymer industry
Technologies, processes
(2h)
2. Natural resources
Materials from geosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere, sources of
energy
(3h)
3. Concepts of unit operations
Page 7 of 41
Anatomy of a process, introduction to unit operations, reactor systems, product
separation processes (chemical, physical and mechanical), purification and product
storage
(4h)
4. Process development
Objectives, process development procedure (laboratory scale, mini plant, pilot
plant, industrial scale), design constraints
(4h)
5. Process Flow sheeting
Block diagram, process flow diagram, material and energy balance sheets and pipe
and instrumentation diagram
(4h)
6. Material and energy balances
Calculations relating to reactive and non- reactive systems with single and multiple
inputs and outputs
(10h)
7. Utilities
Ancillary services, related instruments (boilers, steam distribution and traps,
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chillers, compressors, pumps, valves)
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(3h)
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Learning outcomes:
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Be able to indentify various chemical, physical and biological operations involved in
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instruments accordingly
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Method of Assessment:
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ER EP
References:
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Himmelblau
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Page 8 of 41
Course Title : PST 107 1.0 Degradation and Stability of Polymers
Number of lecture hours : 15
Number of Tutorial hours : 3
Lecturer in Charge : Dr. K. M. Thilini D. Gunasekara
Objectives:
To provide a general understanding of polymer degradation and stability.
Understand the structure relationship with degradation processes
Explore current stabilization techniques
Course Content:
1. Introduction
General aspects of polymer degradation and stability, Advantages and
disadvantages of polymer degradation, General factors of polymer degradation,
Introduction to common degradation processes, Miscellaneous types of degradation
processes: Degradation by, Ionizing radiation, mechano-degradation,
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biodegradation, chemical agents
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(2h)
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2. Thermal Oxidation and DegradationAR IS
Thermal oxidation; thermal autoxidation, Mechanism, structure stability
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relationship, Stabilizers: free radical traps, electron donors, H-donors, metal ion
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3. Ozone Degradation
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antiozonernts
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(2h)
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4. Photodegradation
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(5h)
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5. Importance of degradation
Environmental pollution, precautions: reduce, recycle, reuse, greener plastics
(1h)
Learning outcomes:
Be able to understand the fundamentals of polymer degradation and stability
Indentify structure relationship with degradation processes
Be able to understand current stabilization techniques
Method of assessment:
End of semester 1h theory paper
References:
1. Polymer Degradation and Stabilization by By Norman Grassie, Gerald Scot
2. Polymer Stabilization by W. Lincolin Hawains
Page 9 of 41
3. Fundamentals of Polymer Degradation and Stabilization by N.S. Allen, M. Edge
Objectives:
To introduce the physical properties of polymers and their applications
To identify the correlation of physical properties of polymers with their structure
To provide basic concepts, theories/models and tools of analysis of viscoelastic
materials
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Course content:
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1. Introduction to physical properties of polymers
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Mechanical and rheological properties, Deformation of polymers (types and forces
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that can make deformations), tensile strength, stress-strain diagrams, elastic
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deformation/plastic deformation, young’s modulus, yield strength, ultimate
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deformation
(5h)
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2. Structure/property relationship
O ME
(1h)
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(2½ h)
4. Hysteresis effect
Definition, types of hysteresis, Creep, Stress relaxation, explaining the hysteresis
effect using mathematical models (Maxwell model, Kelvin model, multi-element
models)
(2½ h)
5. Intermittent loading
Introduction to Superposition principle, Boltzman superposition principle, time –
temperature superposition
(2 h)
6. Dynamic response
Dynamic response on ideal solid/ideal liquids/viscoelastic materials, governing
equations, storage modulus/los modulus/damping, major methods employed to
analyze the dynamic behavior of polymeric materials (Dynamic Mechanical
Thermal Analysis (DMTA/DMA), Dielectric Thermal Analysis (DTA))
Page 10 of 41
(2 h)
Learning outcomes:
Students should:
be able to describe mechanical and rheological properties of polymers and factor
controlling such properties
be able to express concepts and mechanism behind viscoelastic nature, creep, stress
relaxation, dynamic response of polymers
be able to introduce major analytical tools that can be used to analyze dynamic
behavior of polymers
Method of assessment:
Reference:
1. Physical Properties of Polymers Handbook by James E. Mark, Springer, 2007
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2. Rubinstein, M., Colby, R.H., Polymer Physics, Oxford University Press, 2003.
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3. Gedde, U.W., Polymer Physics, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995.
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Objectives:
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manufacture
To understand the functions of different rubber ingredients
To select and use of different rubber ingredients in rubber product manufacture
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Course content:
1. Brief introduction to dry rubber technology
Including Brief introduction to compounding and compounding principles:
definition of compounding, compounding principles
(1h)
2. Introduction
Raw materials available-NR (local Crepe/Scrap Crepe, TSR) & Synthetic rubbers
(3h)
3. Brief overview on quality testing of raw materials
(1h)
Page 11 of 41
4. Mastication
Importance of mastication and its effect on processing and performance of final
product, factors affecting the efficiency of mastication
(1h)
5. Dry rubber other ingredients used in dry rubber industry
Types and classes of ingredients (for latex based and dry rubber based industries)
such as fillers, accelerators, activators, anti-degradents, processing aids,
miscellaneous ingredients and special additives, dry rubber compounding.
(4h)
6. Assessment of rubber compounds
Quality, economics aspects of compounding
(1h)
7. Vulcanization
Rheograph, study of curing characteristics, vulcanization techniques, vulcanization
systems, effect of vulcanization on the performance
(2h)
8. Brief introduction to shaping methods used for making rubber based product
Moulding, calendaring extrusion, injection moulding
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(2h)
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Learning Outcomes: AR IS
Be able to select types and grades of rubber and other ingredients for the manufacture
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of different types of rubber products
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Be able to analyze the cure characteristics of a rubber compound and interpret cure
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curves
Be able to predict the product performance of a given rubber compound and supervise
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Method of assessment:
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End of course 1h theory paper 80% and 20% class tests and assignments
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References:
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1. Polymer industry in Sri Lanka, edt. Sudantha Liyanage, published by the University
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Page 12 of 41
Course Title : PST 206 1.0 Analytical Methods and Testing of
Polymers
Number of lecture hours : 15
Number of Tutorial hours : 3
Lecturer in Charge : Dr. K. M. Thilini D. Gunasekara
Objectives:
Provide a general understanding of analytical methods of polymers
Understand the basic theory behind the instrumentation
Explore standard testing methods of plastics
Course content:
1. General overview
Review of key concept in polymer analysis and testing
(1/2 h)
2. Absorption Spectroscopy:
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a) IR spectroscopy
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Theory behind IR, Instrumentation, characteristic group absorption,
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interpretation of spectra, attenuated total reflectance (ATR) method, FTIR
AR IS
method. Application of IR: Analyze structure of monomers/polymers,
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tacticity/ crystallinity, extent of chemical reactions, investigation of unknown
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Additives Analysis
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(3h)
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b) NMR Spectroscopy
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NMR
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(2h)
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c) UV visible Spectroscopy
Theory of UV visible spectroscopy, Applications, Identification and analysis
(Oxidation, Discoloration) of polymer by UV spectroscopy, Analysis of
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to identify polymer
(1/2 h)
3. Thermal analysis:
a) Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
Theory behind TGA, Instrumentation, typical TGS curves, applications:
thermal stability, material characterization, compositional analysis, simulation
of industrial processes, kinetic studies
(2h)
b) Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
Theory behind DSC, Instrumentation, typical DSC curves, applications:
melting process, enthalpy of fusion, purity, transition processes
(2h)
c) Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)
Instrumentation, Common clamping geometries, DMA curves, Time-
Temperature Correspondence, The Crankshaft Model, applications
Page 13 of 41
(1h)
4. Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC)
Theory behind GPC, Instrumentation, applications
(1h)
5. Plastic testing
Impact strength, Flexural strength, Fatigue and flexing, Abrasion resistance, mold
shrinking, density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, Deflection temperature,
flammability, melt index, UV resistance, permeability, secular gloss, index of
refraction, arc resistance, resistivity, dialectic constant
(2h)
6. Scanning electron microscope, Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray Diffraction
Methods
(1h)
Learning outcomes:
Understand the principles of characterization techniques of polymers
Be able to interpret spectrums, plots and curves
Be able to select appropriate techniques to provide specific information on polymer
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Aware about the current testing approaches
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Method of assessment: AR IS
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References:
I J OF
1989.
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Page 14 of 41
Course Title : PST 207 1.0 Solution Properties and Thermodynamics
of Polymers
Number of lecture hours : 15
Number of Tutorial hours : 3
Lecturer in Charge : Dr. M. A. B. Prashantha
Objectives:
To improve visualization skill of conceptual approach to the model development of
dissolution process of small molecular substances and very long chain molecular
substance.
To understand the fascinating art of model development for polymer solutions using
basics of thermodynamics.
To familiarize the theory of solubility parameter, Flory-Huggins theory and
interaction parameter.
To understand the behavior of linear polymer molecule in diluted solution.
To select suitable solvent for the given polymer to make a polymer solution.
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Course content:
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1. Introduction to the thermodynamic approach for mixing of two components
AR IS
,
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(2h)
O ME
Hansen)
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(4h)
5. Flory-Huggins theory of polymer solution and interaction parameter
(3h)
6. Chain size and chain statistics of linear polymer in solution, end-to-end distance,
unperturbed dimension and radius of gyration
(1h)
Learning outcomes:
Students should be able to understand the fascinating art of model development using
basics of thermodynamics to get a simplified equation based on measurable quantities.
Students should be able to read literature to understand current developments in the
subject are.
Page 15 of 41
Students should be able to use the thermodynamics approach to select a suitable
solvent or solvent system to form a polymer solution using the given the given
polymer
Method of Assessment:
References:
1. Text book of polymer science, Fred W. Billmeyer, A Wiley International Publication
2. Polymers: Chemistry and Physics of Modern Materials, Third Edition , J.M.G. Cowie,
Valeria Arrighi, CRC Press
3. Physical chemistry, P. W. Atkins, Oxford University Press
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Course Title : PST 214 1.0 Rubber Based Industries
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Number of lecture hours : 15
Number of Tutorial hours : 3 AR IS
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Lecturer in Charge : Dr. L. M. K. Tilekeratne (VL)
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Objectives:
Present an overview of the economic importance of the rubber industry to Sri Lanka
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marketing a product
Provide knowledge sufficient to manufacture good quality raw rubber if they have a
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rubber property
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Course content:
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Page 16 of 41
Advantages of reclaim rubber, applications of reclaimed rubber and manufacturing
process, Tyreretrading
(3h)
5. Rubber plantation
Tapping technology and latex yield, factors affecting to the quality of field latex
(2h)
Learning outcomes:
Be able to understand the economic importance of converting raw rubber to end
products for export.
Be able to improve the quality of raw rubber produced to gain a higher price
Be able to start a rubber based industry at a low investment after graduation.
Method of assessment:
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References:
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1. Chemistry of Rubber like elements. Editor Bateman
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2. Polymer Chemistry Editor- Morris Morten
3. Hand Book of Rubber Processing and Culture. RRISl publication Editor L. M. K.
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Tillekeratne
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Page 17 of 41
Course Title : PST 216 1.0 Latex Technology
Number of lecture hours : 15
Number of Tutorial hours : 3
Lecturer in Charge : Visiting Lecturer
Objectives:
Provide a general understanding of natural and synthetic rubber latex and its
industrial applications
Provide different processing techniques used in Latex industry
Course content:
1. Introduction to Natural rubber latex
Composition of Natural Rubber (NR) Latex, Non-rubber substances in the NR
latex and importance, Architecture of the rubber particle in NR latex
(2h)
2. Preservation of NR latex
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Spontaneous coagulation, Preservation by ammonia (HA Latex, LA Latex, LA-TZ
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Latex), Factors affecting on the stability of preserved natural rubber latex
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AR IS (2h)
3. Concentrating methods of NR latex
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Centrifugation and different fractions of latex, Creaming, Evaporation, ISO
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(2h)
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4. Stabilization of NR latex
Stabilizers (Fixed alkali, Surface active materials, protective colloids)
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(1h)
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5. Synthetic lattices
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Different types of synthetic latices (Styrene butadiene latex, nitrile butadiene latex,
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Polychloroprene latex)
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(2h)
6. Latex Compounding
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Learning outcomes:
Student should be able to understand the chemical and physical changes during
storage and processing of latex.
Page 18 of 41
Student should be able to use the basic knowledge to understand the manufacturing
process in latex industry.
Method of assessment:
References:
1. Polymer lattices science and technology, D. C. Blackley, Wiley interscience, 1997
2. Basic chemistry and technology of industrial polymer, Andra Digital printer,
Kanthappu Subramaniam, 2012
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Number of Tutorial hours : 3
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Lecturer in Charge : Prof. L. Karunanayake
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Objectives:
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Course content:
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1. Introduction
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(2h)
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Learning outcomes:
The students should have knowledge on types and grades of commodity plastics available in
the market, on polymerization techniques used and their effects on properties, on structure
and property relationship. Finally, they should have a basic idea of selecting materials for
common plastic products
Page 19 of 41
Method of assessment:
References:
1. Industrial polymers handbook: Products, Processes, Applications (V1,2& 3)Edited
by E. S. Wilks, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, Weinheim
2. Processes, Applications Industrial Polymers, Monograph No.24, L.
Karunanayake, Institute of Chemistry Ceylon
3. Brydson, J.A. - Plastics Materials 7th Ed. (Butterworth 1999)
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Lecturer in Charge : Prof. L. Karunanayake
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Objectives:
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Fundamentals of polymer compounding, mixing and blending
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Course content:
1. What is polymer compounding? Why it is necessary to mix polymers with other
SR T
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(5h)
SI AR
(3h)
3. Plastic processing techniques and equipment. Extrusion, injection moulding,
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Learning outcomes:
Fundamentals of mixing, compounding and blending would be learnt
Compounding and mixing techniques would be learnt.
Plastic processing techniques would be learnt.
Method of assessment:
References:
1. Outlines of Polymer Technology: Processing Polymers, R. Sinha, Prentice-Hall
India.
2. Polymer Processing Fundamentals, Tim A. Osswald, Hanser.
Page 20 of 41
Course Title : PST 213 1.0 Kinetics of Polymerization
Number of lecture hours : 15
Number of Tutorial hours : 3
Lecturer in Charge : Dr. M. A. B. Prashantha
Objectives:
To impart the knowledge of historical development of chemical kinetics of
polymerization.
To understand the distribution of weight fractions with the number average degree of
polymerization.
To impart the knowledge of reactivity ratio of copolymerization.
To impart the knowledge of reaction mechanism of polymerization and electronic
environment of monomers.
Course content:
1. Introduction to the classification systems of polymers based on polymerization
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Carother classification system based on polymerization reactions, Flory
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classification system based on reaction mechanism, Lenze classification system for
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the step- growth polymerization.
AR IS
(2h)
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2. Introduction to the polymerization systems
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emulsion polymerization.
I J OF
(4h)
3. Determination of copolymer composition using rate constants
SR T
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(2h)
SI AR
Learning outcomes:
Students should be able to understand the practical importance of the knowledge of
kinetics of polymerization.
Page 21 of 41
Students should be able to read literature to understand current developments in the
subject are.
Students should be able to use the basics of chemical kinetics with suitable
modifications to develop mathematical relation in order to quantitatively describe the
polymerization systems.
Method of assessment:
References:
1. Text book of polymer science, Fred W. Billmeyer, Wiley Interscience Publication
2. Polymer science and technology, Joel R. Fried, Prentice-Hall of india
3. Fundamental of Polymer science, Paul.C. Painter, Michel M. Coleman, Technomic
publication.
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Course Title : PST 218 1.0 Engineering Plastics
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Number of lecture hours : 15 AR IS
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Number of Tutorial hours : 3
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Objectives:
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of engineering plastics.
To provide students with the best and most current knowledge of processes and
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Course content:
1. Introduction
Explaining the similarities and differences of the engineering plastics when
compared to thermosets and general-purpose thermoplastics, Understanding the
unicity of engineering plastics leading to superior performance in terms of
transparency, heat resistance, dimensional stability and mechanics.
(2h)
2. Common Manufacturing methods of engineering plastics employed in commercial
industry.
(2h)
3. Structure and properties of amorphous engineering plastics
Polycarbonate (PC), Polyphenylene Oxide (Modified PPO), Polyphenylene Ether
(Modified PPE), Thermoplastic Urethane (TPU)
(3h)
Page 22 of 41
4. Structure and properties of semi crystalline engineering plastics
High performance processable PolyAcetal (PA), Polyethylene Terepthalate (PET)
as a material for manufacture of precision mechanical parts, sustaining high loads
and enduring wear, PolybutyleneTerepthalate (PBT), Ultra High Molecular Weight
Polyethylene (UHMW-PE)
(3h)
5. Processing and application of engineering plastics
Handling and Processing characteristics of engineering plastics, Manufacturing
methods: Reactive casting and non reactive casting, Semi-product Extrusion and
injection molding, Machining, Annealing, Welding, Bonding, Cleaning;
Techniques employed for manufacture of products made of glass reinforced
engineering plastics.
(5h)
Learning outcomes:
Be able to understand the properties of commercial grades of engineering plastics
available at market
Be able to select correct materials, and processing methods for a given plastics
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product
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Be able to apply principles of polymer technology to the solution of problems related
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to plastic product manufacturing, design and optimization of plastic process
AR IS
parameters, plastics mold design and optimization, die design and plastic product
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design
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Method of Assessment:
I J OF
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Assignment-30%
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TY T
References:
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Page 23 of 41
Course Title : PST 219 1.0 Polymer Rheology, Viscosity and Rubber
Elasticity
Number of lecture hours : 15
Number of Tutorial hours : 3
Lecturer in Charge : Dr. Dilru Ratnaweera
Objectives:
Overview of basic concepts of rheology and their applications in polymer processing
Introduction to molecular origin of flow behavior
Introduce methods used for rheological measurements
Course content:
1. Introduction to basics in rheology
Overview of the scope of rheology as it applies to polymer science, rheology in
engineering context, rheology of polymer melt, factors affecting rheological
properties of polymers, stress (organization of stress components in the polymer
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melt, typical stress tensors), flow velocity (velocity gradient, rate of deformation),
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relationship between stress and rate of deformation
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AR IS (2 ½ h)
2. Flow regimes
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Laminar vs. turbulent flows, Reynolds number
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(½ h)
AY C
3. Viscoelastic models
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Brief overview of the Kelvin and Maxwell models and explain creep, relaxation
SR T
and recovery stages of viscoelastic materials, 3 element model, burger model and
F N
(2h)
TY T
dependent fluids, viscoelastic fluids, Bingham fluids and yield point, power law
D
model for time-independent fluids (Herschel & Bulkley model, Ellis model,
Casson model), temperature dependent flow behaviors
(3h)
IV
N
Learning outcomes:
Be able to understand the importance of polymer rheological properties.
Student will be able to understand responses of a polymers under applied stress
Page 24 of 41
Be able to describe major methods used to measure polymer melt rheology
Student will be able to identify the rheological challenges in polymer melt processing
Method of assessment:
References:
1. Introduction to polymer rheology, Montgomery T. Shaw, ISBN: 978-0-470-38844-0
2. Applied Polymer Rheology: Polymeric Fluids with Industrial Applications, Marianna
Kontopoulou , ISBN: 978-0-470-41670-9
3. Polymer Rheology, R. S. Lenk, ISBN 978-94-010-9668-3, ISBN 978-94-010-9666-9
A
Number of practical hours : 45
R
U
Lecturer in Charge : Dr. M. A. B. Prashantha
EN Y
EP
D TR
AR IS
M
Each practical class is limited to 3 hours and hence each practical is designed to carry out
EW HE
Objectives
Provide hands on experience on synthesis of branched polyester polymer
SR T
F N
gelation.
ER EP
Page 25 of 41
Provide the hands on experience to use the FTIR technique to identify the
development of new functional group.
A
R
U
6. Study the influence of PET to the concentration of NaOH.
EN Y
EP
D TR
Objectives
Provide the hands on experience on studying the reaction kinetics of
AR IS
M
depolymerization of PET.
EW HE
Objectives
Provide the hands on experience on depolymerization of PET and separation
TY T
SI AR
of products.
Provide hands on experience to understand the effect of strong alkali medium
ER EP
to PET.
D
Objectives
N
11. Rubber compounding using two roll mill and determination of properties
Objectives
To provide opportunity to familiarize the two roller mill operations.
To provide opportunity to experience the effect of mastication to the physical
properties of natural rubber and make rubber compound.
A
R
U
EN Y
EP
D TR
Course Title : PST 301 1.0 Polymer Blends & Composites
Number of lecture hours : 15 AR IS
M
Number of Tutorial hours : 3
EW HE
Objectives:
F N
blends/composites
SI AR
Course content:
IV
polymers, phase behavior and phase separation in polymer blends (also briefly
review the thermodynamics of mixing), phase diagrams, rheology and morphology
of polymer blends
(3h)
2. Ways of overcoming phase separation
Theoretical aspects of interfaces (surface energies and interfacial tension),
determination of interfacial parameters, compatibilization by addition of a
compatibilizer, reactive compatibilization of polymer blends (direct covalent
crosslinking, graft copolymer formation, covalent crosslinking mediated by an
activating agent, covalent crosslinking mediated by a coupling agent, and ionic
interactions)
(4h)
Page 27 of 41
3. Properties and performances of polymer blends
Mechanical properties (tensile strength, tensile modulus, elongation, toughness,
compressive strength, rigidity, fracture mechanics), thermal properties,
flammability, electrical and optical properties
(2h)
4. Natural polymer blends and composites
Blends and composites based on starch, cellulose and natural polymers
(1h)
5. Fiber reinforced composites
Reinforcing mechanism, types of fiber reinforces composites and their preparation
methods.
(1h)
6. Biodegradable composites
Starch-based, polylactide -based, natural rubber/clay based
(1h)
7. Polymer nanocomposites
Advantages over micro and macro scale composites, effect of particle size on
A
R
properties, preparation and advantages of commercially available polymer
U
EN Y
nanocomposites, future trends
EP
D TR
AR IS (2h)
8. Role of polymer blends’ technology in polymer recycling
M
(1h)
EW HE
AY C
Learning outcomes:
I J OF
Method of assessment:
IV
References:
1. Polymer blends handbook, Volume1, L. A. Utracki, ISBN-10: 1402011105, ISBN-
13: 978-1402011108
2. Biodegradable polymer blends and composites from renewable resources, Long
Yu, ISBN: 978-0-470-14683-5
Page 28 of 41
Course Title : PST 307 1.0 Introduction to Die and Mold Designing
Number of lecture hours : 15
Number of Tutorial hours : 3
Lecturer in Charge : Visiting Lecturer
Objectives:
To identify basic concepts in designing dies and moulds for polymer processing.
To relate material properties and product requirements to the design features in dies
and moulds.
To identify and product defects related to die and mould design.
Course content:
1. Product designing and process selection
Basic requirements in process selection based on type and grade of polymer, shape,
size and design features of the product and production scale. Identification of main
requirements in products conducive to each processing technique.
A
R
(3h)
U
EN Y
2. Injection Mould designing
EP
D TR
Basic design procedure to satisfy product and material requirements. Function and
AR IS
essential design features in injection mould components such as sprue, runners and
M
gates, Standard mould set with guide bars, guide sleeves and other guiding
EW HE
elements, Ejector pins and special components for ejection, Ejector set guiding
AY C
elements, Core pins, Core moving elements, Cold runner system components, Hot
I J OF
runner system components, Fastening and closing elements, elements for lifting the
mould.
SR T
F N
(4h)
O ME
Sheet extrusion dies, flat-film and blown-film dies, pipe and tubing dies, profile
SI AR
(2h)
D
(3h)
5. Processing defects of injection moulded and extruded products
Short shots, flashing, shrinkage, sink marks and warping of injection moulded
products. Die swell, warping, melt fracture, shark skin, orange peel and
Bambooing of extruded products.
(3h)
Learning Outcomes:
Be able to identify basic concepts in designing dies and moulds for polymer
processing.
Be able to provide a description, rationalization of polymer processing techniques
Be able to explain product designing process
Page 29 of 41
Method of assessment:
References:
1. How to make injection moulds – Menges / Michaeli / Mohren
2. Extrusion Dies for Plastics and Rubber: Design and Engineering Computations,
Walter Michaeli, Hanser Publishers, Jan 1, 2003 - Technology & Engineering
Course Title : PST 303 1.0: Polymer Coatings and Paint Industry
Number of lecture hours : 15
Number of Tutorial hours : 3
Lecturer in Charge : Dr. Dilru Ratnaweera
A
R
U
EN Y
Objectives:
EP
D TR
Overview of the basic concepts of paints and polymer coatings
AR IS
Describe the functions of different components in coatings/paints
M
Introduce basics of formulation of paints/coatings
EW HE
Course content:
1. Introduction to surface coatings and paints
SR T
F N
solvent, additives, and driers) and their functions, solvent based and water based
TY T
paints
SI AR
(1h)
ER EP
Applying with brush, dip coating, spin coating, doctor blading, spraying
(1h)
3. Pigments
IV
A
R
Conjugated polymer coatings for light harvesting, structured coatings from block
U
EN Y
polymers, super hydrophobic and super oliophobic coatings, self healing and
EP
D TR
stimuli responsive coatings AR IS
(1h)
M
EW HE
Learning outcomes:
AY C
Be able to describe major testing methods used to check the quality of coatings.
Be able to describe ways to overcome challenges during formulating paints
SR T
F N
Method of assessment:
SI AR
ER EP
References:
IV
1. Paint and surface coatings theory and practice (2nd edition), R. Lambourne and T. A.
N
Page 31 of 41
Course Title : PST 305 1.0 Laboratory Practical
Number of practical hours : 45 (15 days)
Lecturer in Charge : Dr. K. M. Thilini D. Gunasekara
Allocation of marks:
Item Marks
Attendance (80 % required) 10
Laboratory reports 20
Pre-lab / Post-lab questions 20
Assessments 20
Final exam 30
Total 100
List of Experiments:
A
R
U
EN Y
1. Experiment 1: The determination of zinc, calcium and magnesium in rubber
EP
D TR
compounds using EDTA AR IS
Objectives:
M
- To determine metal cations of a given NR sample
EW HE
AY C
- Understand how to determine the total solid content (TSC) of given NR latex
O ME
latex
SI AR
ER EP
Objectives:
- To get the basic knowledge about dipped products of NR latex
- To gain hands on experience of manufacturing a glove.
IV
N
U
Page 32 of 41
7. Experiment 7: Study of Brookfield Digital Viscometer
Objectives:
- Measure the viscosity of a fluid using rotational viscometer,
- Determine the viscosity of different liquids.
A
R
U
EN Y
11. Experiment 11: The Condensation Polymerization of Phenol and Formaldehyde :
EP
D TR
Bakelite AR IS
Objectives:
M
- To gain an understanding of preparation of synthetic polymers
EW HE
AY C
Objectives:
SR T
Objectives:
SI AR
Page 33 of 41
Course Title : PST 314 2.0 Industrial Management and Marketing
Number of lecture hours : 30
Number of Tutorial hours : 2
Lecturer in Charge : Dr. Pahan Godakumbura
Objectives:
Prepare and shape students to managerial post to cater current industrial needs.
Enhance the practical, technical as well as the theoretical knowledge in managing
people with specialized skills.
Enhance the problem solving skills in relation to the company survival, growth and
development.
Increase the demand in graduates to the research and development field in industry
Course Content:
1. Introduction to Management
Managerial roles, managerial levels, Characteristics of a good manager, Evolution
A
R
of management theory: The Scientific approach, The Classical approach,
U
EN Y
Behavioral approach, Management functions, Planning, Organizing, Leading,
EP
D TR
Controlling, Organization behavior
AR IS
(8h)
M
2. Human Resources Management
EW HE
(6h)
O ME
Marketing concept (7 Ps), Tools of marketing, Product life cycles, Market Search,
SI AR
(8h)
D
personnel
U
Method of assessment:
Assessments 1: 15%
1. Market search, documentation and Oral presentation (5 to 7 min)
Identify a product and does a Market search. Eg “Beverage: any product item, coca
cola”.
Page 34 of 41
Market search is a process of gathering information and analyzing about the
market or customers to find out the needs, market size and competition.
Documentation: Based on your findings, predict the future of the product. (How
will it go for next 3 years, demand and supply etc...)
Assignment requirement: Minimum 5 pages (single side), single spaced, Font:
TNR 12, can include figures, tables and properly reference them.
No copying with each other, or plagiarisms
Survey design
1. Identify and study about a market product thoroughly.
2. Collect information/data by consulting managers and consumers.
3. Process information and analyze the current situation.
4. Predict future trends based on collected data.
5. Provide outcomes, benefits and recommendation for the predicted product.
Assessment 2: 10%
Present your market search (5 to 7 min)
A
R
Assessment 3:
U
EN Y
EP
D TR
Final exam: 75% with
Condition: Two Assessments must be completed to sit the final exam
AR IS
M
EW HE
References:
1. Management (sixth edition), James A. F. Stoner
AY C
Page 35 of 41
Course Title : PST 310 1.0 Environment and Polymer Industry
Number of lecture hours : 15
Number of Tutorial hours : 1
Lecturer in Charge : Dr. S.D.M. Chinthaka
Objectives:
Understanding major environmental issues and their relationship with the polymer
industry.
Provide the comprehensive understanding of the stability of polymeric materials in
the environment.
Rationalize the energy as the major consideration for polymer recycling.
Explore the significance of recycling of plastics for the waste reduction
Understanding the various recycling options available for used plastic materials
Course contents:
1. Local and global environmental issues, contribution from polymer industry to the
A
R
global and local environmental issues.
U
EN Y
(1h)
EP
D TR
2. Common polymeric materials and the basic impact of their synthesis and usage on the
AR IS
environment.
M
(2h)
EW HE
3. Polymer and the energy, the unique relationship between polymer industry and the
AY C
(2h)
SR T
4. Usage of plastics in packaging, agriculture, coating and in textile industry and their
F N
recycling potential.
O ME
(5h)
TY T
(2h)
ER EP
(3h)
Learning outcomes:
Students will be able understand the global and local environmental issues and the
IV
N
Students will be able to understand the effect of environmental factors on the stability
of polymeric materials and how to stabilize plastics against environmental factors.
Students will be able to determine whether recycling of polymers is economical over
the use of virgin polymers based on calorific values.
Students will be able to understand the recycling potential of plastics used in various
industries.
Students will be able to understand the techniques used to segregate various plastics
in consumer products.
Method of assessment:
Page 36 of 41
References:
1. Anthony L. Andrady, Plastics and the Environment, Wiley Interscience, Hoboken,
New Jersey.
2. Stanley E. Manahan, Environmental Chemistry, 7th Edition, CRC press, Boca Raton,
Florida.
Course content:
Structure, properties and applications of
A
R
i. Ceramics
U
EN Y
ii. Metals
EP
D TR
iii. Modern functional polymers
AR IS
iv. Composites of ceramics, polymers and metals and their advanced derivatives
M
v. Smart materials
EW HE
Learning Outcomes:
SR T
F N
composites of ceramics, polymers and metals and their advanced derivatives, smart
SI AR
polymers and metals and their advanced derivatives, smart materials, liquid crystals,
D
composites of ceramics, polymers and metals and their advanced derivatives, smart
N
U
Method of Assessment:
Page 37 of 41
Course Title : PST 314 1.0 Rubber Materials
Number of lecture hours : 15
Number of Tutorial hours : 1
Lecturer in Charge : Dr. Susantha Siriwardena
Objectives:
To provide basic knowledge on Natural rubber manufacturing processes, available
types, their properties and possible modifications
To demonstrate relationship between structure and properties of natural rubber
and synthetic elastomers
To provide basic knowledge on available rubbery materials for industrial applications
Course content:
1. Introduction:
Special features of rubbery materials, Rubber and elastomers
(1h)
A
R
2. Natural Rubber (NR) manufacturing process:
U
EN Y
Types and grades: Sheet rubber, Crepe rubber; Technically specified rubber;
EP
D TR
modified grades of NR, Different raw rubber properties between different types
AR IS
and grades of NR; special features of NR, effects of non-rubbers present on the
M
properties of NR
EW HE
(3h)
AY C
Dirt, ash, plasticity (Po); Plasticity Retention Index (PRI); Volatile Matter content
(VM), Nitrogen content
SR T
F N
(2h)
O ME
4. Properties of NR:
TY T
(2h)
D
5. Synthetic rubber:
General purpose specialty elastomers, structure-property relationship, main
characteristics
IV
(5h)
6. Industrial applications:
Selection of different rubbers and synthetic elastomers for different industrial
applications
(2h)
Learning outcomes:
be able to explain characteristic features of rubber materials
be able to explain the manufacturing processes of different types of rubber
be able to compare the different properties of different grades of natural rubber
the importance of following the recommended procedures in the manufacturing
process
be able to suggest the remedial measures to overcome day to day problems
found in the raw rubber manufacturing process
Method of assessment:
References:
1. Basic chemistry and Technology of Industrial Polymers, Kanthappu Subramanium,
2012.
2. Handbook of rubber technology: volume 1, Natural and synthetic rubber and
technology of vulcanization by J.M. Martin,W. K. Smith; edited by S. C.
Bhatia, CB Publishers, 2007
3. Rubber Technology: Compounding and Testing for Performance, ed. John S.
Dick, Hanser publishers, 2001
A
4. Handbook of rubber technology: Volume 2, raw rubber processing, eds.
R
Tillkeratna, K. Nugawela, A and Seneviratne, G., Rubber Research Institute of
U
EN Y
EP
Sri Lanka, 2007
D TR
AR IS
M
EW HE
AY C
I J OF
Duration:
30 days
ER EP
D
Objectives:
To expose students to industrial atmosphere to gain an insight and understanding of
IV
To improve the ability to relate the lecture room knowledge to industrial practice.
U
Commencement:
Guidelines of training:
Page 39 of 41
Organization has to design the training schedule to achieve the objectives under following
topics.
Evaluation:
Student should submit an approved report on training experience by the organization and
conduct a 15 minutes presentation on his training experience. Report and the presentation will
be evaluated.
**********
A
R
U
EN Y
EP
D TR
AR IS
M
EW HE
AY C
I J OF
SR T
F N
O ME
TY T
SI AR
ER EP
IV D
N
U
Page 40 of 41