Energy Balance

Around the Burner

Sulfur Burner Gas

T = 115 C T = 1100 C
S = 4.174 kmol SO2= 4.174 kmol
T = 115 C
(133.568kg/hr)
Dry air= 35.77 kmol O2 = 3.339 kmol
Note: N2 = 28.263 kmol
( O2 = 7.5132kmol)
Sulfur (S) is in Rhombic Structure
(N2 = 28.263 kmol)
All S are completely burnt

Heat Exchanger uses water

Q sensible (Heat of products) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 298.15K T2=1373.15K)

𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-136 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
SO2 4.174 7.70 + 0.00530𝑇 − 0.00000083𝑇 2 32139.8 + 22.1222𝑇 − 3.46442 𝑥 10−3 𝑇 2
O2 3.339 187700 626730300
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 27613.53 + 0.861462𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=243462.83 + 51.246662𝑇 −
626730300
3.46442 𝑥 10−3 𝑇 2 − 𝑇2

1373.15K
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾
1373.15K
626730300
𝑄=∫ (243462.83 + 51.246662𝑇 − 3.46442 𝑥 10−3 𝑇 2 − ) 𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾 𝑇2

𝑄 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 = 303156351.4 𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 1268.394719 𝑀𝐽

 Q sensible (Heat of Reactants) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 388.15K T2=298.15K)
𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-136 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
S 4.174 3.63 + 0.00640𝑇 15151.62 + 26.7136𝑇
O2 7.5132 187700 1410227640
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 62134.164 + 1.9384056𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=260995.284 + 56.9177056𝑇 −
1410227640
𝑇2

298.15K
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
388.15𝐾
298.15𝐾
1410227640
𝑄=∫ (260995.284 + 56.9177056𝑇 − ) 𝑑𝑇
388.15 𝑇2

𝑄 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 = −24150669.57 𝑐𝑎𝑙 = −101.0464015 𝑀𝐽

𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑄𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠 − 𝑄𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑠

𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 1268.394719 − (−101.0464015)
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 1369.441121𝑀𝐽
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠 = −101.0464015 + 1268.394719
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠 = 1167.348318 𝑀𝐽

Around the Heat Exchanger A

Water

T = 1100 C Burner Gas Burner Gas

SO2= 4.174 kmol

T = 410 C
O2 = 3.339 kmol
SO2= 4.174 kmol
N2 = 28.263 kmol
O2 = 3.339 kmol
N2 = 28.263 kmol
Water
 Q (Heat of Gas IN) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 298.15K T2=1373.15K)
𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-136 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
SO2 4.174 7.70 + 0.00530𝑇 − 0.00000083𝑇 2 32139.8 + 22.1222𝑇 − 3.46442 𝑥 10−3 𝑇 2
O2 3.339 187700 626730300
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 27613.53 + 0.861462𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=243462.83 + 51.246662𝑇 −
626730300
3.46442 𝑥 10−3 𝑇 2 − 𝑇2

1373.15K
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾

1373.15K
626730300
𝑄=∫ (243462.83 + 51.246662𝑇 − 3.46442 𝑥 10−3 𝑇 2 − ) 𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾 𝑇2

𝑄 𝐼𝑁 = 303156351.4 𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 1268.394719 𝑀𝐽

Q (Heat of Gas OUT) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 298.15K T2=683.15K)

𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-136 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
SO2 4.174 7.70 + 0.00530𝑇 − 0.00000083𝑇 2 32139.8 + 22.1222𝑇 − 3.46442 𝑥 10−3 𝑇 2
O2 3.339 187700 626730300
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 27613.53 + 0.861462𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=243462.83 + 51.246662𝑇 −
626730300
3.46442 𝑥 10−3 𝑇 2 − 𝑇2

683.15K
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾
683.15K
626730300
𝑄=∫ (243462.83 + 51.246662𝑇 − 3.46442 𝑥 10−3 𝑇 2 − ) 𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾 𝑇2

𝑄 𝑂𝑈𝑇 = 101891474.3𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 426.3139285𝑀𝐽

𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐺𝑎𝑠 = 426.3139285 − 1268.394719

𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐺𝑎𝑠 = −842.0807905 𝑀𝐽
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑏𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 842.0807905 𝑀𝐽
 Around the Reactor Stage 1

Burner Gas Reactor 1 Gas

T = 410 C T = 601 C
SO2= 4.174 kmol SO3 = 3.0887 kmol
O2 = 3.339 kmol SO2= 1.085 kmol
N2 = 28.263 kmol O2 = 1.799 kmol
N2 = 28.263 kmol

Q (Heat of Burner Gas) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 683.15K T2=298.15K)

𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-136 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
SO2 4.174 7.70 + 0.00530𝑇 − 0.00000083𝑇 2 32139.8 + 22.1222𝑇 − 3.46442 𝑥 10−3 𝑇 2
O2 3.339 187700 626730300
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 27613.53 + 0.861462𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=243462.83 + 51.246662𝑇 −
626730300
3.46442 𝑥 10−3 𝑇 2 − 𝑇2

298.15K
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
683.15𝐾

298.15K
626730300
𝑄=∫ (243462.83 + 51.246662𝑇 − 3.46442 𝑥 10−3 𝑇 2 − ) 𝑑𝑇
683.15𝐾 𝑇2

𝑄 𝐵𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝐼𝑁 = −101891474.3𝑐𝑎𝑙 = −426.3139285𝑀𝐽

Q (Heat of Reactor 1 Gas OUT) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 298.15K T2=874.15K)
𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-143 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
SO3 3.0887 𝐽 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 190526.43
258090 𝑥 𝑥
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾 4.184 𝐽 1000 𝑚𝑜𝑙
SO2 1.085 7.70 + 0.00530𝑇 − 0.00000083𝑇 2 8354.5 + 5.7505𝑇 − 9.0055𝑥 10−4 𝑇 2
O2 1.799 187700 337672300
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 14877.73 + 0.464142𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=397468.16 + 34.0599142𝑇 −
337672300
9.0055𝑥 10−4 𝑇2 −
𝑇2
 874.15K
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
298.15K

874.15K
337672300
𝑄=∫ (397468.16 + 34.0599142𝑇 − 9.0055𝑥 10−4 𝑇 2 − ) 𝑑𝑇
298.15K 𝑇2

𝑄 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 1 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝑂𝑢𝑡 = 239502220.2𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 1002.077289𝑀𝐽

𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 1002.077289 − (−426.3139285)
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 1428.391218 𝑀𝐽
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠 = −426.3139285 + 1002.077289
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠 = 575.7633605 𝑀𝐽

Around the Heat Exchanger Stage 1

Water

T = 601 C
Reactor 1 Gas Reactor 1 Gas
SO3 = 3.0887 kmol
SO2= 1.085 kmol
T = 438 C
O2 = 1.799 kmol
SO3 = 3.0887 kmol
N2 = 28.263 kmol
SO2= 1.085 kmol

Water O2 = 1.799 kmol

N2 = 28.263 kmol

Q (Heat of Gas IN) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 298.15K T2=874.15K)

𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-143 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
SO3 3.0887 𝐽 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 190526.43
258090 𝑥 𝑥
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾 4.184 𝐽 1000 𝑚𝑜𝑙
SO2 1.085 7.70 + 0.00530𝑇 − 0.00000083𝑇 2 8354.5 + 5.7505𝑇 − 9.0055𝑥 10−4 𝑇 2
O2 1.799 187700 337672300
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 14877.73 + 0.464142𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=397468.16 + 34.0599142𝑇 −
337672300
9.0055𝑥 10−4 𝑇2 −
𝑇2
 874.15K
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
298.15K

874.15K
337672300
𝑄=∫ (397468.16 + 34.0599142𝑇 − 9.0055𝑥 10−4 𝑇 2 − ) 𝑑𝑇
298.15K 𝑇2

𝑄 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 1 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝐼𝑛 = 239502220.2𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 1002.077289𝑀𝐽

Q (Heat of Gas OUT) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 298.15K T2 = 711.15K)
𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-143 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
SO3 3.0887 𝐽 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 190526.43
258090 𝑥 𝑥
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾 4.184 𝐽 1000 𝑚𝑜𝑙
SO2 1.085 7.70 + 0.00530𝑇 − 0.00000083𝑇 2 8354.5 + 5.7505𝑇 − 9.0055𝑥 10−4 𝑇 2
O2 1.799 187700 337672300
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 14877.73 + 0.464142𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=397468.16 + 34.0599142𝑇 −
337672300
9.0055𝑥 10−4 𝑇2 −
𝑇2

711.15K
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
298.15K

711.15K
337672300
𝑄=∫ (397468.16 + 34.0599142𝑇 − 9.0055𝑥 10−4 𝑇 2 − ) 𝑑𝑇
298.15K 𝑇2

𝑄 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 1 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝑂𝑢𝑡 = 170495394.1𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 713.3527289𝑀𝐽

𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐺𝑎𝑠 = 713.3527289 − 1002.077289
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐺𝑎𝑠 = −288.7245601 𝑀𝐽
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑏𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 288.7245601 𝑀𝐽
 Around the Reactor Stage 2

Reactor 1 Gas Reactor 2 Gas

T = 438 C T = 440 C
SO3 = 3.0887 kmol SO3 = 4.036 kmol
SO2= 1.085 kmol SO2= 0.1377 kmol
O2 = 1.799 kmol O2 = 1.3208 kmol
N2 = 28.263 kmol N2 = 28.263 kmol

Q (Heat of Reactor 1 Gas) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 711.15 T2=298.15K)

𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-143 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
SO3 3.0887 𝐽 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 190526.43
258090 𝑥 𝑥
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾 4.184 𝐽 1000 𝑚𝑜𝑙
SO2 1.085 7.70 + 0.00530𝑇 − 0.00000083𝑇 2 8354.5 + 5.7505𝑇 − 9.0055𝑥 10−4 𝑇 2
O2 1.799 187700 337672300
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 14877.73 + 0.464142𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=397468.16 + 34.0599142𝑇 −
337672300
9.0055𝑥 10−4 𝑇2 −
𝑇2

298.15K
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
711.15𝐾
298.15K
337672300
𝑄=∫ (397468.16 + 34.0599142𝑇 − 9.0055𝑥 10−4 𝑇 2 − ) 𝑑𝑇
711.15𝐾 𝑇2

𝑄 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 1 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝐼𝑁 = −170495394.1𝑐𝑎𝑙 = −713.3527289𝑀𝐽

Q (Heat of Reactor 2 Gas OUT) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 298.15K T2=713.15)
𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-143 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
SO3 4.036 𝐽 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 248960.6214
258090 𝑥 𝑥
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾 4.184 𝐽 1000 𝑚𝑜𝑙
SO2 0.01377 7.70 + 0.00530𝑇 − 0.00000083𝑇 2 106.029 + 0.072981𝑇 − 1.14291𝑥 10−5 𝑇 2
O2 1.3208 187700 247914160
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 10923.016 + 0.3407664𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=443699.1664 + 28.6767474𝑇 −
247914160
1.14291𝑥 10−5 𝑇2 −
𝑇2
 713.15K
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾

713.15K
247914160
𝑄=∫ (443699.1664 + 28.6767474𝑇 − 1.14291𝑥 10−5 𝑇 2 − ) 𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾 𝑇2

𝑄 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 2 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝑂𝑈𝑇 = 189667662.5𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 793.5695001𝑀𝐽

𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 793.5695001 − (−713.3527289)
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 1506.922229 𝑀𝐽
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠 = −713.3527289 + 793.5695001
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠 = 80.2167712 𝑀𝐽

Around the Heat Exchanger Stage 2

Water

T = 440 C
Reactor 2 Gas Reactor 2 Gas
SO3 = 4.036 kmol
SO2= 0.1377 kmol
T = 427 C
O2 = 1.3208 kmol
SO3 = 4.036 kmol
N2 = 28.263 kmol
SO2= 0.1377 kmol
Water O2 = 1.3208 kmol
Q (Heat of Gas IN) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 298.15K T2=713.15K) N2 = 28.263 kmol

𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-143 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
SO3 4.036 𝐽 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 248960.6214
258090 𝑥 𝑥
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾 4.184 𝐽 1000 𝑚𝑜𝑙
SO2 0.01377 7.70 + 0.00530𝑇 − 0.00000083𝑇 2 106.029 + 0.072981𝑇 − 1.14291𝑥 10−5 𝑇 2
O2 1.3208 187700 247914160
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 10923.016 + 0.3407664𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=443699.1664 + 28.6767474𝑇 −
247914160
1.14291𝑥 10−5 𝑇2 −
𝑇2
713.15K
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾
 713.15K
247914160
𝑄=∫ (443699.1664 + 28.6767474𝑇 − 1.14291𝑥 10−5 𝑇 2 − ) 𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾 𝑇2

𝑄 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 2 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝐼𝑁 = 189667662.5𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 793.5695001𝑀𝐽

Q (Heat of Gas OUT) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 298.15K T2=700.15K)
𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-143 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
SO3 4.036 𝐽 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 248960.6214
258090 𝑥 𝑥
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾 4.184 𝐽 1000 𝑚𝑜𝑙
SO2 0.01377 7.70 + 0.00530𝑇 − 0.00000083𝑇 2 106.029 + 0.072981𝑇 − 1.14291𝑥 10−5 𝑇 2
O2 1.3208 187700 247914160
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 10923.016 + 0.3407664𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=443699.1664 + 28.6767474𝑇 −
247914160
1.14291𝑥 10−5 𝑇2 −
𝑇2
700.15𝐾
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾

700.15K
247914160
𝑄=∫ (443699.1664 + 28.6767474𝑇 − 1.14291𝑥 10−5 𝑇 2 − ) 𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾 𝑇2

𝑄 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 2 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝑂𝑈𝑇 = 183642664.7𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 768.3609092𝑀𝐽

𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐺𝑎𝑠 = 768.3609092 − 793.5695001
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐺𝑎𝑠 = −25.2085909 𝑀𝐽
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑏𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 25.2085909 𝑀𝐽

Around the Reactor Stage 3

Reactor 2 Gas Reactor 3 Gas

T = 427 C T = 430 C
SO3 = 4.036 kmol SO3 = 4.1656 kmol
SO2= 0.1377 kmol SO2= 0.008 kmol
O2 = 1.3208 kmol O2 = 1.316 kmol
N2 = 28.263 kmol N2 = 28.263 kmol
 Q (Heat of Reactor 2 Gas IN) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 700.15 T2=298.15K)
𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-143 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
SO3 4.036 𝐽 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 248960.6214
258090 𝑥 𝑥
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾 4.184 𝐽 1000 𝑚𝑜𝑙
SO2 0.01377 7.70 + 0.00530𝑇 − 0.00000083𝑇 2 106.029 + 0.072981𝑇 − 1.14291𝑥 10−5 𝑇 2
O2 1.3208 187700 247914160
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 10923.016 + 0.3407664𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=443699.1664 + 28.6767474𝑇 −
247914160
1.14291𝑥 10−5 𝑇2 −
𝑇2
298.15𝐾
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
700.15𝐾
298.15𝐾
247914160
𝑄=∫ (443699.1664 + 28.6767474𝑇 − 1.14291𝑥 10−5 𝑇 2 − ) 𝑑𝑇
700.15𝐾 𝑇2

𝑄 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 2 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝐼𝑁 = −183642664.7𝑐𝑎𝑙 = −768.3609092𝑀𝐽

Q (Heat of Reactor 3 Gas OUT) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 298.15K T2= 703.15K)
𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-143 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
SO3 4.1656 𝐽 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 256954.9962
258090 𝑥 𝑥
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾 4.184 𝐽 1000 𝑚𝑜𝑙
SO2 0.008 7.70 + 0.00530𝑇 − 0.00000083𝑇 2 61.6 + 0.0424𝑇 − 6.64𝑥 10−6 𝑇 2
O2 1.316 187700 247013200
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 10883.32 + 0.339528𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=451609.4162 + 28.644928𝑇 −
247013200
6.64𝑥 10−6 𝑇2 −
𝑇2
703.15K
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾

703.15K
247013200
𝑄=∫ (451609.4162 + 28.644928𝑇 − 6.64𝑥 10−6 𝑇 2 − ) 𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾 𝑇2

𝑄 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 3 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝑂𝑈𝑇 = 188232050.3𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 787.5628984𝑀𝐽

𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 787.5628984 − (−768.3609092𝑀𝐽)
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 1555.923808 𝑀𝐽
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠 = −768.3609092 + 787.5628984
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠 = 19.20198922 𝑀𝐽
 Around the Heat Exchanger B
Water

T = 430 C
Reactor 3 Gas Converter Gas
SO3 = 4.1656 kmol
SO2= 0.008 kmol
T = 427 C
O2 = 1.316 kmol
SO3 = 4.1656 kmol
N2 = 28.263 kmol
SO2= 0.008 kmol
Water O2 = 1.316 kmol
N2 = 28.263 kmol

Q (Heat of Reactor 3 Gas IN) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 298.15K T2= 703.15K)

𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-143 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
SO3 4.1656 𝐽 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 256954.9962
258090 𝑥 𝑥
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾 4.184 𝐽 1000 𝑚𝑜𝑙
SO2 0.008 7.70 + 0.00530𝑇 − 0.00000083𝑇 2 61.6 + 0.0424𝑇 − 6.64𝑥 10−6 𝑇 2
O2 1.316 187700 247013200
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 10883.32 + 0.339528𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=451609.4162 + 28.644928𝑇 −
247013200
6.64𝑥 10−6 𝑇2 −
𝑇2
703.15K
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾

703.15K
247013200
𝑄=∫ (451609.4162 + 28.644928𝑇 − 6.64𝑥 10−6 𝑇 2 − ) 𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾 𝑇2

𝑄 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 3 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝑂𝑈𝑇 = 188232050.3𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 787.5628984𝑀𝐽

 Q (Heat of Converter Gas OUT) = ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖∆𝑇 (T1 = 298.15K T2=700.15K)
𝑐𝑎𝑙
Component 𝑛𝑖 in 𝐶𝑝𝑖 (p.2-143 @ Perry ChE Handbook) in 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
kmol
SO3 4.1656 𝐽 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 256954.9962
258090 𝑥 𝑥
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾 4.184 𝐽 1000 𝑚𝑜𝑙
SO2 0.008 7.70 + 0.00530𝑇 − 0.00000083𝑇 2 61.6 + 0.0424𝑇 − 6.64𝑥 10−6 𝑇 2
O2 1.316 187700 247013200
8.27 + 0.000258𝑇 − 10883.32 + 0.339528𝑇 −
𝑇2 𝑇2
N2 28.263 6.50 + 0.0001𝑇 183709.5 + 28.263𝑇
∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇=451609.4162 + 28.644928𝑇 −
247013200
6.64𝑥 10−6 𝑇2 −
𝑇2
700.15K
𝑄=∫ ∑ 𝑛𝑖𝐶𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾

700.15K
247013200
𝑄=∫ (451609.4162 + 28.644928𝑇 − 6.64𝑥 10−6 𝑇 2 − ) 𝑑𝑇
298.15𝐾 𝑇2

𝑄 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝑂𝑈𝑇 = 186818440.9𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 781.6483569𝑀𝐽

𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐺𝑎𝑠 = 781.6483569 − 787.5628984
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐺𝑎𝑠 = −5.9145415 𝑀𝐽
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑏𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 5.9145415 𝑀𝐽