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Rational Function

A rational function is a fraction where the numerator and denominator are polynomial expressions, and the denominator is not equal to zero. To find the restricted values of x in a rational function, set the denominator equal to zero and solve for x. This will give the critical points where the function is undefined. For linear and quadratic equations, use standard techniques like factoring or the quadratic formula to solve for the critical points. Once critical points are found, determine the signs of the numerator and denominator on each side of the critical points to sketch the intervals where the rational function is positive or negative.

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Daniel Solicito
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8 views

Rational Function

A rational function is a fraction where the numerator and denominator are polynomial expressions, and the denominator is not equal to zero. To find the restricted values of x in a rational function, set the denominator equal to zero and solve for x. This will give the critical points where the function is undefined. For linear and quadratic equations, use standard techniques like factoring or the quadratic formula to solve for the critical points. Once critical points are found, determine the signs of the numerator and denominator on each side of the critical points to sketch the intervals where the rational function is positive or negative.

Uploaded by

Daniel Solicito
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Rational Function

A fraction whose numerator is polynomial expression and the denominator is a non- zero polynomial
expression written in the form a, where b≠0. However, if the denominator becomes b = 0, the expression
becomes undefined.
Example:
x 2 2
f ( x )= , g ( x )=2 x , h ( x ) = ; as long as x ≠ 0
2 x

Rational Expression
An expression that can be written as a ratio of two polynomial; the denominator cannot be zero
Example
2
, 5 x (examples of polynomial)
5 x−2
Radical expression is not Rational: √ 2 x −5

Finding the restricted values of x


By equating the denominator to 0

Finding restricted values of x in Linear Equation: Highest exponent is 1


Example
2
1.
x

x=
C0 0 is the restricted value of x

2
=0
0

2x
2.
x+3

x = -3

2(−3)
−3+3
9
=0
0

5x
3.
2 x−3
Find the value of the x of the denominator. Equate to 0.
2 x−3=0
3
2 x=3 = 2( ¿−3
Since x is multiplied by 2, divide both sides 2
by 2. 6
= –3
2x 3 2
= =3–3
2 2
3 =0
x=
2
Finding restricted values of x in Quadratic Equation: Highest exponent is 2
ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example
2
+ x=5
3x
a. Add the fractions:
2
+ x=5
3x
b. Use butterfly method
2 x
+ =5
3x 1

2
2+ 3 x
=5
3x
c. Since x is divided by 3x, Multiply both sides by 3x

( )
2
2+ 3 x
3x =5(3 x)
3x
d. Denominator is cancelled out.
2
2+3 x =15 x
e. 15x will be moved, leaving the equation in general form
2
2+3 x −15 x=0
f. Arrange in descending order
2
3 x −15 x+2=0

Use quadratic formula when the equation is not factorable


−b ± √ b2−4 ac
x=
2a
2
3 x −15 x+2=0
a=3
b = -15
c=2
−(−15)± √ (−15)2−4 [ ( 3 ) ( 2 ) ]
x=
2(3)

15 ± √ 225−24
x=
6

15 ± √ 2 01
x=
6
15+ √ 201 15+ √ 201
x= x=
6 6
+x = 4.86 -x = 0.14
Rational Inequality
Value of x are the critical points
Example

x +3
>0
x−4
a. General Form
x +3
>0
x−4
b. Equate the numerator & denominator
x+3=0 x–4=0
x = -3 x=4

c. Use the value of x as critical points

0 0
-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
d. true or false

x=0 −4+3
>0
5+3 −4−4
>0
0+ 3 5−4
>0
0−4 −1
>0
8 −8
> 0 true
3 1
> 0 false
−4 1
> 0 true
8
x = -4
x=5
e. Interval
(-3, -∞) and (4, ∞)

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