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Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻟﺔ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ إﻳﺠﺎد ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻼت ﻻﺑﻼس اﻟﻌﻜﺴﻴﺔ‬

Method · March 2019

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.21843.43047

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Find Iverse Laplace transform of the following functions using more than one rule or
method whenever possible.
.‫أوجد تحويالت البالس العكسية للدوال اآلتية باستخدام أكثر من قاعدة أو طريقة كلما أمكنك ذلك‬
1
1.
s − 4s + 3
2

Solution

 
−1  1  − 1 
1  1 
 = e 2 t −1  2 = e 2t sinh ( t )
 s2 − 4s + 3  = 
 ( s − 2 ) − 1   s −1
2
 

e t − e −t
=e 2t

2
=
1
2
(e 3t
− et )
***
2s
2.
s2 −4
Solution

− 1  2s  = 2 − 1  s  = 2cosh 2t
 2   2  ( )
 s − 4  s − 4
****
s −3
3.
( s − 3)2 + 9
Solution
 s−3   s 
−1   = e 3 t −1  2 = e 3t cos ( 3t )

 ( s − 3 ) + 9   s + 9
2

4 1
4. −
s 2 + 9 ( s − 3)2

Solution
 Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
  4
−1  4 − 1 −1  3  − e 3t −1  1  = 4 sin 3t − e 3t t
 =  s2 + 9   s2  3 ( )
 s + 9 ( s − 3 )  3
2 2
   

***
4
5.
s −s −2
2

Solution

−1  4 
= −1  4 
 s2 − s − 2   
   ( s − 2 )( s + 1) 

4 −1  1 1  4  −1  1   1  4
=
3
 − = 
 ( s − 2 ) ( s + 1)  3 
 
 s− 2
− −1   =
 s + 1 3
(e 2t
− e−t )

***
s −3
6.
( s − 2)2 + 2 ( s − 2) + 1
Solution

 s−3 
−1   = −1  s − 3 
 s2 − 2s + 1 
 ( s − 2 ) + 2 ( s − 2 ) + 1 
2
 

 ( s − 1) − 2   
= −1   = −1  1  − 2 −1  1 
 
 ( s − 1)   ( s − 1)   ( s − 1) 
2 2

1
= e t − 2e t  −1  2  = e t − 2te t
s 
***

427
 Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
s2 +1
( s − 1) ( s 2 + 2 )
7.

Solution

 
−1  s2 + 1  = 2 −1  1  + 1 −1  s + 1 
 (
 ( s − 1) s 2 + 2 )  3

 s −1 3
 
 s2 + 2 
 

2 t −1  1  1 −1  s  1 −1  2 
= e s 3+ +
 s2 + 2  3 2  2 
3      s + 2 

=
2 t 1
3
e + cos
3
( 2t ) + 3 1 2 sin ( 2t )
***

e −4s
8.
s +2
Solution

−1  e  = −1  e − 4 s F s  = u t − 4 f t − 4
−4 s
   ( ) ( ) ( )
 s + 2 
where

 1 
f ( t ) = −1   = e −2 t
 s+ 2
Hence

−1  e  = u t − 4 e −2 ( t − 4 )
−4 s
  ( )
 s + 2 

***
 s +2 
9. e −2s  2 
 s − 4s + 8 

428
 Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
Solution

− 1  e −2 s  s + 2   = − 1  e −2 s F s  = u t − 2 f t − 2
  2   ( ) ( ) ( )
  s − 4s + 8  
where

 s+2   
f ( t ) = −1  2 = −1  s − 2 + 4 

 s − 4s + 8   ( s − 2 ) + 4 
2

 s−2   
− 1 − 1 4 2 t −1  s  2 t −1  2 
=   +   = e  s2 + 4  + 2e  s2 + 4 
 ( s − 2 ) + 4   ( s − 2 ) + 4 
2 2
   

= e 2t cos ( 2t ) + 2e 2t sin ( 2t )
Hence

−1  e −2 s  s + 2   = e 2( t − 2 ) u t − 2 cos 2t − 4 + 2sin 2t − 4
  2  ( )( ( ) ( ))
  s − 4s + 8  
***
 2s + 1 
10. e −5s  2 
 s − 3s + 5 
Solution

− 1  e −5 s  2 s + 1   = − 1  e −5 s F s  = u t − 5 f t − 5
  2   ( ) ( ) ( )
  s − 3s + 5  
where

f (t) = − 1  2s + 1  − 1
 2 s−
 ( 3
) + 4 
 s2 − 3s + 5  =
2
 
( )
2
 
 s − 2 + 11
3
4 


429
 Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
3   3  11 
= 2e 2
t
−1  s  + 8 e 2 t −1  2 
 s + 11  s 2 + 11 
2
4 
 11
 4 

3
t  11  8 2t
3
 11 
= 2e 2 cos  t + e sin  t
 2  11  2 
Hence

−1  e −5 s  2 s + 1   = 2e 2 ( t − 5 ) u t − 5    cos  11 t − 5  + 4 sin  11 t − 5  
3

  2  ( )   ( )  ( )  
  s − 3 s + 5     2  11  2 
***

2s − 4
11.
( s − 1) 4
Solution

       
−1  2 s − 4  = −1  2 ( s − 1 ) − 2  = −1  2  − 1 −1  6 
 ( s − 1)   ( s − 1)   ( s − 1)  3  ( s − 1) 
4 4 3 4

−1  2  − 1 e t −1  6  = e t  t 2 − t 
3
=e t
 s3  3  s4   
     3 

***

12.
( −3s + 2 )e −2s
s 2 − 2s + 6
Solution

−1  ( −3 s + 2 ) e 
−2 s
− 1  e −2 s F s  = u t − 2 f t − 2
 2 =  ( ) ( ) ( )
 s − 2 s + 6 
where

 ( −3 s + 2 )   
f ( t ) = −1  2 = −1  −3 ( s − 1) − 1 

 s − 2s + 6   ( s − 1) + 5 
2

430
 Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
−1  s  − 1 e t −1  5  = −3e t cos
= −3e t
 s2 + 5 
  5
 2 
 s + 5 
( 5t ) − et
5
sin ( 5t )

Hence

−1  ( −3 s + 2 ) e  = e t − 2 u t − 2    −3cos
−2 s
 2
 s − 2 s + 6


( ) 

( 5 ( t − 2) −) 1
5
sin ( )

5 ( t − 2) 


***

2s 2 + 3s − 4
13.
( s − 3) ( s 2 + 4)
2

Solution
Using Partial Fractions, we have

2s 2 + 3s − 4 23 1 23 s + 3 3 s + 16
= − +
( s − 3) ( s 2 + 4) 169 s − 3 169 s 2 + 4 13 s 2 + 4 2
( )
2

Then

   
−1  2 s + 3 s − 4    +  +
2
 23 −1 1 23 −1 s 3 3 −1  s 16 
 2
=   −   +  2
( )  s − 3  169  s + 4  13 ( )
2
 ( s − 3 ) s + 4
169
 s + 4 
2 2


 
23  3 t 3  3 −1  s + 16 
=  e − cos ( 2t ) − sin ( 2t )  +  2 2
169  2  13  s + 4  ( )
Using Heaviside's Methods To Find

 
−1  s + 16 
 2 2
(
 s + 4 )
Since a = 0, b = 2 , then

431
 Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬

H ( s ) = s + 16, H  ( s ) = 1; H ( a + ib ) = H ( 2i ) = 2i + 16
Hence, we get

Im = 2 & Re = 16;  Im = 0 &  Re = 1

Thus

 
−1  s + 16  1 1
 2 2
= ( 2  2 − 1 ) e 0t
cos ( 2 t ) + 
( )  
3 3
2 2 2 2
 s + 4 

 ( 2  0 − 16 ) e 0t sin ( 2t ) +
t
( 2sin ( 2t ) − 16cos ( 2t ) ) e 0t
2  23

cos ( 2t ) − sin ( 2t ) + ( 2sin ( 2t ) − 16cos ( 2t ))

3 t
=
16 16
Or

 
−1  2 s + 3 s − 4
2
 23  3 t 3 
 2
=  e − cos ( 2 t ) − sin ( 2 t ) 
(
 ( s − 3 ) s + 4
2
) 
169  2 

3 3
 cos ( 2t ) − sin ( 2t ) + ( 2sin ( 2t ) − 16cos ( 2t ) ) 
t
+
13  16 16 
***

e −5s
( )
14.
s s2 + 9

Solution
 −5 s 
−1  e  = − 1  e −5 s F ( s )  = u ( t − 5 ) f ( t − 5 )
(
 s s2 + 9
 ) 

 

where

432
 Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
   
f (t) = − 1  1  = 1 −1  1 − s 
 s s2 + 9
 ( )  9

s

s2 + 9( ) 

 
1 −1  1  1 −1  s  = 1 − 1 cos ( 3t )
= −
9  
s 9  s2 + 9
 ( )  9 9

Hence

 −5 s 
−1  e
(
 = 1 u ( t − 5 ) 1 − cos ( 3 ( t − 5 ) ) )
 (
 s s2 + 9 )  9

***
s −2
15.
s 2 − 4s + 19
Solution

s−2  s−2 
−1  
 s 2 − 4 s + 19 
 
= − 1  
 ( s − 2 ) + 15 
2
= e 2 t −1  s 
 s 2 + 15  = e cos
 
2t
( 15t )
***

8s 3 − 3s + 2
16.
s 4 − 3s 3 − 20s 2 + 84s − 80
Solution
Using Partial Fractions, we have

8s 3 − 3s + 2 8s 3 − 3s + 2
=
s 4 − 3s 3 − 20s 2 + 84s − 80 ( s − 2 ) 2 ( s − 4 )( s − 5 )

7209 1 30 1 251 1 983 1

=− − + +
882 s − 2 7 ( s − 2 ) 2 18 s − 4 441 s + 5

Then

433
 Calculations of Inverse Laplace Transforms – Solved problems
Prof. Dr. E. S. Shoukralla
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬

−1  8s3 − 3s + 2  7209 −1  1  30 −1  1 
 4  = −  s − 2 − 7  
− − + − ( ) 
3 2 2
 s 3 s 20 s 84 s 80  882    s − 2

251 −1  1  983 −1  1  7209 2 t −1  1 

+   +   =− e s
18  s − 4  441  s + 5 882  

30 2 t −1  1  251 4 t −1  1  983 −5 t −1  1 
− e  s 2  + 18 e  s  + 441 e s
7      
7209 2t 30 2t 251 4t 983 −5t
=− e − e t+ e + e
882 7 18 441
*****************************************************************

434

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