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hw2 2024

This document outlines homework problems for a linear systems course. It includes problems on finding the null space and range of matrices, performing matrix computations, proving claims about linear independence, determining if vectors are in a span, finding the rank and null space of a matrix, computing characteristic polynomials, deriving a change of basis formula, proving properties of eigenvalues of real symmetric matrices, computing eigenvalues/eigenvectors and representing linear maps in different bases, and analyzing solution trajectories of linear systems.

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35 views2 pages

hw2 2024

This document outlines homework problems for a linear systems course. It includes problems on finding the null space and range of matrices, performing matrix computations, proving claims about linear independence, determining if vectors are in a span, finding the rank and null space of a matrix, computing characteristic polynomials, deriving a change of basis formula, proving properties of eigenvalues of real symmetric matrices, computing eigenvalues/eigenvectors and representing linear maps in different bases, and analyzing solution trajectories of linear systems.

Uploaded by

rociodelcisne16usa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EE 601 / Spring 2024

Linear Systems
Homework 2
Due: February 14, 2024

(1) Range and Null Space: Find bases of the range spaces and null spaces of the
following matrices
     
010 4 1 −1 1 2 3 4
A1 =  0 0 0  , A2 =  3 2 0  , A3 =  0 −1 −2 2 
001 11 0 0 0 0 1

(2) Matrix Computations: Let


 
112
A = 1 2 1
211

Find A3 − 4A2 − A + 4I.


(3) Proofs: Prove or disprove the following claims. If u, v, and w are linearly indepen-
dent vectors, then so are:
a) u, u + v, u + v + w
b) u + 2v − w, u − 2v − w, 4v
c) u − v, v − w, w − u
d) −u + v + w, u − v + w, −u + v − w

(4) Basis: Let Y be the space spanned by the four vectors


       
−1 2 3 5
 1 
 , y2 =  1  , y3 =  2  , y4 =  5 
     
y1 = 
 −5  7  10   15 
7 8 −11 −15

Is [3, −1, 13, 17] ∈ Y ? Is [4, 9, 12, −8] ∈ Y ? Is [−1, −1, −3, 3] ∈ Y ?
(5) Null Spaces and Ranges: Let
 
1 −1 0
A =  2 −2 0 
0 0 1

1
What is the rank of A? Find a basis of the null space K and range R
of A. Draw pictures of K and R in R3 . Under what conditions does
Ax = b have a solution for x and is the solution unique?

(6) Matrices: Find the characteristic polynomial of the matrix


 
0 0 0 −24
1 0 0 50 
A= 
0 1 0 −35 
0 0 1 10

Write down a matrix whose characteristic polynomial is λ4 + a3 λ3 +


a2 λ 2 + a1 λ + a0 .

(7) Change of Basis: Let α be a linear map R3 −→ R3 and e1 , e2 ,P e3 , f1 , f2 , f3 be bases


for R3 . f1 , f2 , f3 is related to e1 , e2 , e3 by fj = k Pjk ek , j = 1, 2, 3
where P is an invertible matrix. TheP matrix A of α with respect to
the basis e1 , e2 , e3 is given by α(ej ) = i Aij ei , j = 1, 2, 3. Derive the
formula for the matrix of α with respect to the basis f1 , f2 , f3 .

(8) Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors: Prove that a real symmetric matrix A has all
eigenvalues real. [Hint: Consider wAv ∗ where the right and left eigen-
vectors v and w correspond to eigenvalue λ.] Give an example of a
2 × 2 real matrix with complex eigenvalues.

(9) Linear Systems: Compute the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the following ma-
trices. Find the matrix of the corresponding linear map relative to a
basis of eigenvectors. Sketch the solution trajectories in R2 of ẋ = Ax
for each case indicating the invariant subspaces associated with the
eigenvectors. Sketch each case in the original coordinates and relative
to the basis of eigenvectors.
 
−3 4
a) [sink]
−0.75
 −7
−6 −4
b) [saddle]
4 11
c) [non-trivial
 Jordan block] Do as much of this question as you can
−2 1
in the case
0 −2
What goes wrong here?

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