Basic English 1

Basic English 1 – Students’ Book 2
Table of Contents
Cover ......................................................................................................................... i
Table of Contents ....................................................................................................... ii
Acknowledgment ...................................................................................................... iii
Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1
Chapter 1 Technology ............................................................................................... 3
Chapter 2 Culture ...................................................................................................... 23
Chapter 3 Tourism-The World’s Biggest Industry ...................................................... 40
Chapter 4 Introduction to Accounting ....................................................................... 61
Acknowledgment
We thank God that we pray to the presence of Allah SWT, and thanks to His mercy and grace,
the two books, English Basic 1 and English Basic 2 can be completed properly. This book was
written by the English lecturer team of Trilogy University. It was created with all materials
from every study program at the Trilogy University.
Thank you to all those who have contributed in so many ways enabling this book to be well-
structured.
It is our sincere hope that this book can be made accessible so that both students and
lecturers throughout Indonesia can take advantage of this learning resource. We hope that
everyone can support this goal. We wish for our students to have an enjoyable study and be
able to make the best use of this book. We realize that this book still needs to be improved
therefore, any and all suggestions and criticisms are welcome.
Jakarta, February 2019

Head of Language Development and Training Institution
Introduction
We give thanks as we pray to God Almighty who has given us guidance, strength,
health, and fortitude so that the preparation of these English for University Students'
Teaching Materials can be completed. This teaching material is prepared with the aim of
providing English learning material for English Club students according to the study programs
at Trilogy University.
This book consists of two parts, which are Basic English 1 and Basic English 2. Basic
English 1 is for Semester 2 and Basic English 2 is for use in Semester 3. The total number of
chapters in this book are nine (9) to be used over two (2) Semesters.
Chapter 1 covers the theme “Technology”, and the goals to be achieved in this
chapter are that students are able to understand reading texts about social media; students
are able to write on social media, blogs, captions for photos, and in popular articles; students
are able to listen to material through podcast media and students are able to speak by
retelling material from podcasts. Chapter 2 covers the theme of “Education”, and the goals to
be achieved are for students to understand reading texts about education in other countries;
students are able to write comparative and argumentative texts and students are able to
listen to videos posted on YouTube. Chapter 3 deals with “Science” as its theme and in this
chapter, students will study text readings about cultivation and food processing; they write
about how to plant and how to process produce; listen to material about zero waste and, in
speaking activities, students will learn to explain the material in front of the class. Chapter 4
focuses on “Accounting”, and in this chapter students will study text readings about Taxes in
Indonesia; write about identification, theme and thesis statements and listen to tax payment
rules. Chapter 5 deals with the “Design” as its theme where students will learn text readings
about advertisements; writing about advertisement taglines; listening to videos and speaking
about the making of advertisements. Chapter 6 talks about the theme of “Agriculture” and in
this chapter students will study text readings about urban farming; write text descriptions;
YouTube videos on listening and speaking and make comments, critiques, and arguments.
Chapter 7 covers the theme “Culture” where students will study text readings about British
culture; write text narratives; listen to the BBC and speaking about the British Accent. In
Chapter 8 we learn about “Tourism.” In this chapter students will learn text readings about
Indonesian Tourism; about writing using persuasive text; listening to tourism videos about
destinations; stage-speaking and practicing drama scripts. “Literature” is the theme for
Chapter 9 here students will study text readings about Shakespeare; writing about scripts;
listening to drama dialogues and drama script speaking practice.
The included learning material and assignments are developed with Communicative
Approach principles to integrate developing student competencies in all four language skills,
namely listening, speaking, reading and writing. In addition, the material and learning tasks
are integrated to develop life skills in a broad sense and increase academic insight. In this
teaching material the learning material and assignments are organized into two learning
cycles, specifically the oral and writing cycles. While the oral cycle emphasizes the
development of oral language skills (listening and speaking), the writing cycle develops
written language skills (reading and writing).
In accordance with the principle of integration in language learning, both cycles
develop four language skills in an integrated manner. Both the oral cycle and the writing cycle
are composed of four types of learning activities, namely opening, exposure to the target
language, explanation of linguistic elements, and practice communicating in the target
language guided or freely. In addition, for enrichment and evaluation purposes, each unit is
equipped with structured tasks in the form of homework and reviews.
Learning activities are developed to make students actively learn English through
activities to understand and use English to express ideas and feelings naturally. In learning,
lecturers are expected to act as facilitators, provide feedback, and encourage students to dare
to use the target language to communicate accurately and acceptably.
The preparation of this textbook was determined with the support of various parties.
Therefore, we would like to thank all those who helped complete the preparation of this book.
Although we have compiled this teaching material with serious effort, because of our
limitations, this book still has a number of drawbacks. In connection with this, we expect input
from various parties for further improvement, especially input from lecturers and students
who use this book.
1 TECHNOLOGY
Technology is the collection of techniques, skills, methods, and processes used in the
production of goods or services or in the accomplishment of objectives, such as scientific
investigation.
Wikipedia
In this Unit, the students learn about:

- Technology for social media
- Kinds of social media
- The using of technology in daily life
- Describing the development of technology today
Learning Goals:
- The students understand the concept of technology
- The students analyze the reading about technology
- The students understand the impact of using technology
- The students understand how to use social media correctly
- The students are able to create a proper social media for positive impact
I. Reading Skill - Before you read the text, think about the definition of
technology. Find as much technology as possible around you.
- What do you think about traditional technology? Think and
discuss!
1. Understanding the Main Idea
After you’ve read an article or essay, your teacher will probably ask, “What’s the
main idea?” You hear this over and over. But why is understanding the main idea
so important? It’s simple; the main idea is the writer’s message. If the writer has
not given you enough information to support his or her main idea, the writer has
not done the job well. Conversely, if you are reading and don’t understand the
main idea, you didn’t get the message. Writers often state their main ideas clearly
before providing supporting ideas to strengthen their work. Other writers
provide supporting details and let their readers infer the main idea. This lesson
will help you to distinguish between main idea and topic, to evaluate supporting
ideas, and to find main ideas even when they are not directly stated in the text.
Passage 1
Several years ago, the National Academy of Engineering set about ranking the 20th
century’s greatest technological achievements. A group of scientists and engineers, led by the
first man to walk on the moon, Neil Armstrong, weighed in and came to a startling conclusion:
The greatest achievement wasn’t the Apollo program, the automobile, or the splitting of the
atom. It was the electrical grid.
But while it may have been a technical wonder at the time of construction, the nation’s
power grid has become dangerously antiquated over the past few decades. If technology in
the home is racing ahead at broadband speed, the power grid is stuck back in the days of
rotary-dial phones. According to industry statistics, the dog food industry spends more on
research and development than the electrical sector does. Aging technology means more
frequent blackouts, a greater vulnerability to computer hackers, and, perhaps most insidious,
colossal inefficiency.
1. What is the topic of the article?

_______________________________________________________________________
2. What is the article’s main idea?
_______________________________________________________________________
Passage 2
Communication technology is invading our life more than ever before. Mobile phones
are never farther than a reach of our hands away. Emails, social networks, the internet are
more present than ever before. More than 60% of all internet users also
communicate via social networks and over 85 % of all teenagers have accounts on social
networks. Psychologists have started to define terms like Facebook addiction in their
reports. Social media sites can be so addicting that people, especially youngsters, do not
want to spend time with anything else, they live their relationships in a virtual world.
People often choose to talk to each other via mobile phone, Skype or communicate via
Facebook because they may be afraid of getting to know each other, face to face. However,
by doing this, they are missing out on their partner’s facial expressions or the gestures that
the other makes. Emotions are reduced to Likes or Dislikes, smiley faces or other emoticons.
Psychology experts have also noticed that more and more marriages are breaking up.
One of the reasons may be because Facebook makes it possible to communicate with old
friends from high-school or former boy or girl friends that you have not had contact with in
ages.
Couples are not communicating with each other as they should in real life. They
sometimes even break up over Facebook and other social networks. Frequently, they do
not argue about things in the usual way, they tend to carry out quarrels in public. As a result,
others comment about something that should be solved privately. They don’t share with
each other; they share with everyone.
It is strange to consider the fact that software developers and social network creators
are, in real life, not really very social. Most of them are shy people who like to stick to their
computers and do not create lasting friendships. Facebook has defined privacy in a new
way. Many things that should be private have become public. Social media has changed the
world. It has helped uprisings in Arab countries and overthrown governments.
Facebook, Twitter and others are omnipresent. They are the last things we worry about when
we go to bed and the first thinks we check on when we get up.
In the future more social networks may pop up. We may be able to not only share
photos with others but also our shopping lists or illnesses. More and more sites on the web
are telling people to share. The more followers and friends we have the more excited we get.
Understanding the Passages 2!

1. Which of these pictures would you use to describe the technology in the passage
above?
_______________________________________________________________________
2. What are the advantages of social media based on the passage above?
_______________________________________________________________________
3. How are the Psychologists defining social media addicting?
_______________________________________________________________________
Answer the questions:

1. What is ‘Facebook’ and why do people use it?
2. What do people do during the time they are using Facebook?
3. How does a couple have a life change after using social media?
4. Is social media used for real social life?
5. What do the Psychologists worry about?
1. Twitter
Twitter is a social network that allows users to send and receive short messages, called
tweets. Tweets can be up to 140 characters long. You can send tweets from your computer
or even from your mobile phone. While some social networking services are like Facebook or
Myspace are more complicated, Twitter is fairly simple to use. To send, or receive, messages
you just have to create an account on Twitter. You can only send text to twitter, images are
not allowed.
Twitter users can follow what other people post. It makes you feel a part of someone
else’s life. People all over the world talk about all kinds of topics.
In most cases Twitter is made up of many small groups of people. Sometimes they can follow
each other’s movements. You could post “Hey, I’m going to the pub”, and all of your friends
could read it at once.
Your messages on Twitter can be private, meaning only your friends can read them or,
you could make them public, meaning they can be seen by everyone.
Twitter is used for many things. You can post an upcoming event, organize group
conversations or just tell the world what you’re doing at the moment. You can also use
twitter instead of sending many SMS’s to different people. Just post your messages on
Twitter and everyone else can see them.
Many people update their Twitter status very often, sometimes even a couple of times
an hour. Recently, Twitter has also been used in business. Companies use twitter to inform
people about new products or just to post something that is on sale. Twitter has become
very popular. Since its birth in 2006 over one hundred million people around the world have
been using it regularly.
Vocabulary Building:
Learn these words below! Then find some pictures or actions depicting them.
 at once = quickly
 business = trade, buying and selling of things
 character = letter or number
 complicated = difficult to use
 couple = a few
 create = sign up for, make
 event = something interesting or important that happens
 fairly = quite, pretty
 image = picture
 instead of = in something’s place
 message = a written piece of information
 movement = where you go and travel to
 on sale = if you can buy something at a special price
 popular = liked by many people
 post = to write a message on a social networking platform
 public = so that everyone can see them
 receive = get
 recently = lately, not long ago
 regular = very often
 social network = a structure on the web made up of people who are connected to each
other
 topic = theme, a subject that people talk or write about
 upcoming = future
 update = to add new information to something
2. Internet services
E-Mail is the oldest and most popular form of communication between computers.
People send messages to each other using an email address. Such an address has two parts:
the user name of a person and the name of the computer itself. These two parts are
separated by the symbol “@”.
Structure of an email address

Newsgroups are discussion boards that let many people all over the world post
messages on a certain topic. These messages are saved and people can read them over and
over again. Chats are live Internet meetings in which you type a message into your keyboard
and it appears immediately on the screens of other chatters. Groups of people meet in chat
rooms where they talk about subjects they like.
The World Wide Web is another popular way of sharing information on the Internet. It
uses a special language called HTML, which stands for “Hypertext Markup Language”.
A document on the web can have text, pictures, animations, videos and music. Hyperlinks
allow you to move to other documents on the same computer or let you travel around the
world to another computer on the Internet.
Finding Information
The Internet and the World Wide Web have put a world of information at our doorstep. But
how can we find what we’re looking for? Search engines help us find the information we
need. Most of them use programs called spiders that visit as many websites as they can and
put them into a catalogue or index.
However, Internet users must be careful. Just about anyone can put information on the web.
Some of that information may be very accurate, but other information may be completely
wrong. So, it’s up to us to find out what’s right and what’s wrong.
How we use the Internet
The Internet and the World Wide Web play important roles in many areas of life:
 More and more products are sold over the net. Companies advertise their products
on websites and customers can buy them online without going to a shop.
 Software can be downloaded from servers.
 News agencies , newspapers and TV stations bring breaking news stories to
a worldwide audience . You can watch videos, listen to interviews and look at photos
of major events whenever you want to.
 People buy fewer CDs in music stores. More and more songs are downloaded from the
Internet and copied to a disc man or an MP3 player.
 Schools and universities use the Internet to find information. Pupils often get their
homework over the Internet or send teachers essays and other homework. Pupils and
teachers communicate with each other by email and in chat sessions.
 Scientists all over the world share information on different kinds of projects and
experiments. It is even possible to make instruments, like telescopes or microscopes,
work by remote control.
 The Internet has made travelling easier. You can book holidays and buy flight tickets on
the net.
Vocabulary Building:
Learn these words below! Then find some pictures or actions depicting them.
- Addiction - if you want to do something all the time
- Argue - quarrel
- as a result - therefore
- break up - to leave each other and not live together any more
- couple - a man and a woman who live together
- emotion - feeling
- especially - above all
- excited - eager, thrilled
- face to face - in person
- facial expression - the feelings of a person that you can read by looking at their face
- follower - here: a person who likes your personal Facebook or Twitter page and
wants to continue to see what you are doing
- gesture - sign, movement
- illness - disease
- in ages - for a long time
- invade - enter
- marriage - two people who are husband and wife
- miss out on - to not have the chance to do something that might be good for you
- notice - observe
- omnipresent - always here
- overthrow - bring down
- pop up - emerge, show up
- psychologist - person who studies the mind and how it changes the way we behave
- public - not private; so that many people can see it
- quarrel - argument, problem
- reach of our hands - here: you can get something by just taking it from nearby
- social - to meet people and become friends with others
- social network - internet platform in which people chat, share pictures and other
information with each other
- solve - work out
- technology - the method of doing something
- tend to - probably will do something
- term - phrase
- uprising - revolt, rebellion
- via - by way of
- virtual - not real
- young - a young person
2. Read the Instructions below!

Exercise:
How to be a safe and smart searcher
Are the sentences true or false?
No. Statement True False
1. You should only use one keyword in a single search.
2. Inverted commas are useful to find something you’ve already
seen.
3. Words like ‘an’ are unhelpful in a search.
4. If your keyword could refer to a lot of different things, you can't
avoid getting a long list of results.
5. Small spelling mistakes aren’t important.
6. Filter software is especially important for image searches.
7. Some search engines give different results to different people
8. Some websites contain false information.
Read the text about technology again. Find words or phrases which mean:
1. here: a person who likes your personal Facebook or Twitter page and wants to
continue to see what you are doing.
2. internet platform on which people chat, share pictures and other information with
each other.
3. to leave each other and not live together any more.
4. to not have the chance to do something that might be good for you.
5. if you want to do something all the time.
6. person who studies the mind and how it changes the way we behave.
7. if you can buy something at a special price.
8. to write a message on a social networking platform.
9. difficult to use.
10. where you go and travel to
3. Read the Phone Chat below!

Exercise:
Choose the correct option to complete the sentence.
1. Cat’s worried that the film will be too ___.
a. Loud
b. Boring
c. Violent
2. They’re going to see a ___.

a. gangster film
b. comedy
c. musical
3. ___ has been to The Island Club before.

a. Iggy
b. Marc
c. Barney
4. The Island Club plays ___ music.

a. dance
b. rock
c. pop
5. They’re going to ___.

a. have something to eat
b. have a coffee
c. go dancing before the film
6. They’re meeting up at ___.

a. 7 o’clock
b. about 7 o’clock
c. about 2 o’clock
Fill the gaps with the correct name from the box.
1. suggests what time to meet.
2. 's friend has recommended a good nightclub.
3. suggests having a coffee before the film.
4. likes techno.
5. comments that Iggy always has his way.
II. Writing Skill
Grammar Focus
A. Simple present WH-questions and statements
What do you do? I’m a student, and I have a part-time job.
Where do you work? I work at/in a restaurant.
Where do you go to school? I go to the University of Texas.
How do you like your school? I like it very much.
Where does Andrea work? She works for Thomas Cook Travel
What does she do? She’s a guide. She takes people on tours.
Where does Jason go to school? He goes to New York University.
How does he like it? He loves it.
Time Expressions
I get up at 7:00 In the morning on weekdays.
I go to bed around ten In the evening on weeknights.
I leave work early In the afternoon on weekends.
I get home late at night on Fridays.
I stay up until midnight on Saturdays
I wake up before/after noon on Sundays.
B. Look at these Sentences

- How did you get to your office today?
- How did you get to Singapore?
- What time did you get up yesterday?
- What time did you get breakfast yesterday?
- How did you spend your time at home yesterday?
- What transportation do you use when you go to Hongkong?
- Why do you like using a bicycle?
C. Using Did/Do/Does
- Do
- Does
- Did
Do = I, You, They, We Did = I, You, They, We, She, He, It

Does = She, He, It (Past Tense)
Note the past tense of the verb to be:
He was good at his job. When were you in Seoul?

She wasn’t the CEO. They weren’t in the office.
Some Irregular Verbs to help you in your writing:

Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle
alight alighted, alit alighted, alit
arise arose arisen
awake awoke, awaked awoken, awaked
be was, were been
bear bore borne, born
beat beat beaten, beat
become became become
bend bent bent
bereave bereaved, bereft bereaved, bereft
beseech besought, beseeched besought, beseeched
bet bet, betted bet, betted
bid bade, bid bidden, bid, bade
bide bade, bided bided
bind bound bound
bite bit bitten
cast cast cast
catch caught caught
choose chose chosen
cleave cleft, cleaved, clove cleft, cleaved, cloven
cling clung clung
clothe clothed, clad clothed, clad
come came come
cost cost cost
creep crept crept
crow crowed crew, crowed
cut cut cut
deal dealt dealt
dig dug dug
do did done
draw drew drawn
dream dreamt, dreamed dreamt, dreamed

drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
dwell dwelt, dwelled dwelt, dwelled
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feed fed fed
go went gone
grind ground ground
grip gripped, gript gripped, gript
grow grew grown
hang hung hung
have had had
hear heard heard
heave heaved, hove heaved, hove
hew hewed hewed, hewn
hide hid hidden, hid
hit hit hit
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
keep kept kept
kneel knelt, kneeled knelt, kneeled
knit knitted, knit knitted, knit
know knew known
Writing Practice
1. Use this Blog below as an example to create your own Blog.
Exercise:
Are the sentences true or false?
No. Statement True False
1. Lara didn't enjoy the trip to the theme park.
2. Lara went to the theme park with her family.
3. Lara's coach had an accident on the way to the theme park.
4. Lara thought the rides were fantastic.
5. The weather was perfect all day.
2. Use this Article below as an example to Write a Popular Article.

Exercise:
Put the paragraph topics from the essay in the correct order.
1. Introduction – the situation
2. Arguments against reality TV shows
3. Conclusion – writer’s opinion
4. Arguments for reality TV shows
3. Use this social network site below as an example to write the exact comment.
Exercise:
Rewrite the sentences using capital letters where they are needed.
Incorrect Corrected
- hi, i'm ram and i'm from thailand.
- i live in bangkok
- hello!
- i'm gino and i'm italian.
- i live in pisa, near the sea.
- how's it going?
- my name's anna.
- i'm from switzerland.
- i can speak german, french and italian.
III. Listening Skill
Listen to the information and discuss the questions below:

https://youtu.be/BwX8PV2w6Qw
- What are the effects of social media?
- What are the positive things mentioned about using social media?
- What do the scientists explain about social media?
- Is a Facebook relationship like normal life?
IV. Speaking Skill
- Quickly read the text about the internet. Who thinks the internet is a good idea? Who thinks it
isn’t a good idea?
- Who thinks social media is a good idea? Who thinks it isn’t a good idea?
Speak:
Work in small groups. Ask and answer the questions!
1. What do you use the internet for in your daily life? Make a list.
2. What do people use the internet for in your town/city?
3. What do you use social media for in your daily life?
4. What do students use social media for in your daily life?
5. What do you use Facebook for?
6. Work in pairs. Which of the social medias do you prefer to use and why?
7. Compare your answers with others in your class.
References
https://www.english-online.at/news-articles/living/social-media-networks-are-changing-
relationships.htm
https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/skills/writing/elementary-a2-writing/social-
network-site
https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/skills/writing
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/irregular-verbs
2 CULTURE
Source: https://www.google.co.id.picture
In this unit, the students learn about;

- British culture
- How social norm are in Britain
- Food in Britain
- British Language
- Clothing in the UK
- Music in the UK
- Architecture in the UK
- Sport in the UK
Learning Goals:
- Students know and understand British culture (social norms, food, language,
clothing, music, architecture, and sport)
- Students are able to comprehend text about British culture
- Students are able to write narration text
- Students are able to practice the British accent.
I. Read and Write
A. Let’s Get Ready
Do you like to read newspapers, magazines or articles posted in the internet? They
may provide you with a lot of information and/or explanation about culture in other
countries
This unit provides you with some explanation texts about culture in other countries.
Especially the culture in Britain, so that you will be able to know about the foods, the
language, the clothing, the music, the arts; etc. Besides reading the articles, you will have
a chance to write your own composition to explain something which interests you the
most from the challenging guide as well as free tasks in this unit.
Task 1
Here is an article entitled “What You Need to Know About British culture and social
norm.” Read the article and find the meaning of the words below based on the
context. Use your dictionary if necessary. Then read the text again and answer the
questions.
Undoubtedly : …………………………
Guideline : ………………………...
Currants : ..………………………
the queue : ……………………….
delicious :………………………..
The Laverbread : ………………………..
Guessed : ……………………….
Cornish : ………………………
Unpredictable : ……………………….
the kilt : ……………………….
British Culture and Social Norms
cheerful : ………………………….
British culture has its roots in the United Kingdom’s rich history, the people and the four
countries - England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland — that it’s made up of each with
their own unique traditions and
customs.
British culture and social norms are
very unique. One of the most
important things to know before
going to any country is what their
cultural and social norms are. As an
international student from another
country, you may be clueless. This
article introduces you to everything
you need to know about the British culture.
Things you need to know about the British people
 The British are punctual. Being late is odd and, in some cases, considered to be rude. If
you’re going to be late to something, contact those involved as soon as you know you
will be late. Also, it is less rude to be late to a dinner party at someone’s home than it
is to be late to a public meeting (such as dinner at a restaurant).
 Never jump lines, known as “queues” in the UK. In some countries jumping the queue
may be acceptable, but in the UK, people may not be very happy with you and will
definitely let you know how unhappy they are about the situation. Standing patiently
in the queue is a normal part of British culture.
 In the UK, it’s acceptable to keep one arm’s length between yourself and those you are
speaking with. Any closer is assumed to be aggressive and can be uncomfortable for
those native to the UK.
 Please, thank you, and sorry are normal parts of everyday conversations and
interactions. Some people are simply baffled by how polite British people are. As an
international student, you may not be used to this, but you will probably get used to it
quickly after your arrival!
 When greeting a good friend or family member in the UK, you do not simply shake their
hand. Many times, especially if one of the people that are greeting or being greeted is
female, you will frequently give and/or receive a small kiss on the cheek. If you are not
a close friend or family member, then the physical touch is perceived as odd or
uncomfortable (you may shake hands, but often a smile and a bow of the head is
acceptable enough).
 The British have a high amount of respect for older adults and the disabled. If you are
on public transportation, you are expected to give up your seat if someone who is
disabled or older comes onto the tram (or whatever vehicle you are in) and there is no
other seat. If an older adult or someone who is disabled seems to be struggling with
something, you are also expected to ask the person if they need your assistance.
 British people rarely use superlatives and are not very animated when they speak. They
value privacy over everything else, so be careful what you ask because you could be
prying without meaning to.
 British people often avoid extended eye contact. They find it uncomfortable and
intimidating.
 If you are invited to the home of a native British person, it is normal to bring along a
gift, such as chocolate, wine, or flowers to say thank you.
 If you go to a pub with your friends, it is common practice to buy a round of drinks for
those who you came with.
 The person who has invited you to dinner is typically the one who pays. Do not argue
about whose responsibility it is, rather, invite them out to dinner at some point and pay
for them to reciprocate.
These little cultural differences will be a regular part of adapting to life in the UK, and so it’s
important to learn them before you even arrive. You want to make sure that you don’t offend
anyone as you’re getting used to life in the UK.
If you don’t do these things naturally, the British will definitely know that you’re from out of
town. This knowledge will help you get better adjusted to British norms before you start
enjoying the rest of student life while
attending university in the UK.
1. The British Food
British food is a blending of four different
rich cultures of countries that comprise the
UK. This explains why the British culinary
traditions are so diverse.
Far from home one of the things you’ll
often miss is your native cuisine, which
you’re used to consuming daily. In the UK
you will still feel the same, however, the
British food will undoubtedly be a perfect
replacement for it. Among a wide variety of dishes, you will certainly find some that suit your
taste.
One of the very first things you’ll encounter in a country’s culture is its traditional food. To
avoid a culture shock in the UK you would be grateful to have a basic guideline about British
food. There is more beyond Yorkshire Pudding and Roast beef that are usually associated with
the UK cuisine.
Below we bring to you some of the most common typical British foods which you wouldn’t
like to miss trying at least once when going to the UK.
a. Fish and chips
Perhaps the most typical British food. The history of this food in the UK’s culture is so long. It
is thought that once in the past an employer had to hire a doorman to control the queue of
people waiting to buy Fish and chips. The plate contains a deep-fried fish and potato chips
(fries for American readers). British people prefer cod and Haddock over other sorts of fish.
You can also prepare some boiled peas mixed with salt, pepper or other ingredients.
b. Sunday Roast with Yorkshire pudding
One cannot talk about the British food without mentioning the Sunday Roast with Yorkshire
pudding. Usually served on Sunday afternoons, however, you can eat it during the week also.
You can ask for a roast dinner with a chicken, turkey or whatever, but you definitely should
not miss the Yorkshire pudding. Commonly the Yorkshire pudding is accompanied with beef.
c. Eccles cake
Delicious round small cakes containing currants. It’s named after a town in Manchester with
the same name. Across the UK you can find different versions of this delicious food because
it’s not strictly associated with a particular place.
d. Black pudding
Onions, pork fat, oatmeal and blood are mixed together to create a delicious food. Often
called a superfood because it’s rich in protein, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Moreover,
it is almost free of carbohydrates, so it won’t digress you from your diet.
e. Laverbread
The Laverbread is another British food typically found in Wales. To prepare it the seaweed is
boiled then chopped and mashed, rolled in oatmeal and then fried. This food is often referred
to as Welsh caviar.
f. Scotch eggs
Scotch eggs are a dish containing mixed eggs covered with sausage meat breadcrumbs and
fried.
g. Shepherd pie
The Shepherd pie is usually cooked with meat (beef or lamb more often) and mashed with
rind of potato. The name of this food appeared for the first time in 1877.
h. Full English breakfast
The typical English breakfast is rich with ingredients including bacon, sausages, eggs, toast,
mushrooms, tomatoes and tea or coffee.
2. British languages
English, as you may have guessed it, is the official language and the main language spoken in
the UK. From over 65 million citizens that live in the country, roughly 98% of them speak
English as their first language. But, there are also other native languages spoken across the
country that have evolved during the history of UK.
Other than English, in the UK these are official native languages:
 Welsh in Wales
 Gaelic and Scots in Scotland
 Irish and Ulster Scots in Northern Ireland
 Cornish in Cornwall, England
Note that each of these languages comes with their own dialects and accents all across the
UK. Therefore, the linguistic diversity in the UK is pretty large.
Compared to English these languages are less widely spoken. Some of them are even at risk
of slipping toward complete extinction. For example, in Wales, a long time ago, the majority
of native citizens spoke Welsh, but these days the official estimation shows that only 20% of
Wales citizens speak Welsh. Moreover, the number of them is continually declining. In the
past, there have been many laws aiming to promote and protect this language from
disappearing.
Scottish is a Celtic language mainly spoken in the North of the country. It is estimated that
there are around 1.5 million Scottish speakers making it the second most spoken language in
the UK. Despite being treated as a different language to English there are some who argue
that the Scottish language is only a version of English.
The Cornish language is another language spoken by a still smaller group of people in the UK,
mostly in England. It belongs to the Celtic branch of British languages. According to different
studies, the number of Cornish fluent speakers is around 3,000. Historically, it is believed that
this language was once part of the Welsh language before starting to differentiate itself
centuries ago. These days, its similarities with the Welsh language are minor.
As a politically and economically strong country, the UK has always been a hub for
immigration. People who come to live in the UK continue to communicate with each other in
their native language. Thus, there are many other languages spoken in the UK by different
smaller minorities. In London, for example, it is thought that there are around 300 languages
spoken.
3. Clothing in the UK
As for the clothing, the UK’s
wearing trends are closely similar
to fashion trends in western
societies. At the same time, their
sentiments for their typical
clothing elements are highly
expressed in their daily dressing
styles.
Across the UK there are many
variations depending on several
factors. Young people, mainly follow the most actual global fashion trends. Their clothing
contains Jeans, T-shirts, jackets, and sneakers. Those who work in an office usually wear an
elegant business suit. Elders’ clothing styles, mostly contain British traditional garments.
A typical element of their clothing is the tweed jacket. Although this jacket has almost
identical shape and design to that of a suit jacket it is meant to be less formal and keep you
warm without needing to match it with trousers.
In the UK the weather is pretty unpredictable. Depending on the weather Brits choose to
dress differently. When there’s winter weather they usually wear heavy overcoats or anoraks,
while when it rains, Britons wear raincoats and umbrellas.
The same clothing styles are found all across the UK. Scotland is mainly known for its famous
national attire, the kilt. This type is an everyday clothing and often is regarded as the
highlands dress regarding the Scottish land where the Kilt has originated.
The main element of this outfit, as the name suggests, is the kilt and other garments are belt
and buckle, Jacobite shirt, kilt hose and kilt pin. Nowadays there are many variations of the
same Scottish national dress because people added different accessories depending on their
choice
4. Music in the UK
There are many stereotypes
surrounding the Brits, but they are
very cheerful people and love to have
fun. Not surprisingly, they gave the
world a number of famous and
unforgettable artists whose impact
has greatly shaped this industry.
Also, music concerts are a common
thing in the UK. Some of the biggest
music events are organized in the UK.
The music in the UK has a long and rich history. British artists have firmly impacted the
European and global history of music. In medieval times the British composers gave a major
contribution to continental music movements. Some of the most known British composers in
classical music include Thomas Tallis, William Byrd, Henry Purcell, Hubert Parry, Edward Elgar,
Frederick Delius, Ralph Vaughan Williams and Benjamin Britten.
In modern times British music is one of the most developed and most influential in the world.
Probably the most famous British music band ever, the Beatles, was founded in 1960 in
Liverpool and is regarded by many to be the most influential music group that ever existed.
Some of the best artists of today’s music industry are from the UK.
The UK is also where some of the trendiest music genres originated and today, they have
mastered them. Blues-rock, heavy metal, punk rock, hard rock, British folk-rock, folk punk,
acid jazz, Britpop, grime, Dubstep and many more are some of the music genres that were
first performed by UK musicians or were largely influenced by them.
5. Architecture in the UK
British architecture is unique with its own styles and forms. Their architectural structure
depicts specific traits from different periods of history, from the 5th century of Roman
conquering, throughout the Dark Ages and Renaissance whose impact is still present in the
British architectural heritage.
There are castles, monuments, and other architectural buildings all across the country and
many of them are nowadays transformed into touristic attractions. These objects combine
perfectly with the latest trend in modern architecture.
During the sixth century,

there were many Anglo-
Saxon churches built in the
UK. With the invasion of the
Normans, there were a large
number of Norman style
castles during the 11th
century. There is the
Carrickfergus castle built
during the 12th century on
the shores of Belfast Lough.
In the capital of the UK,
London, there is the first Romanesque building in England, Westminster Abbey.
Between the 12th and 16th century, it was time for the Gothic style to make its impact on
British architecture. Although initially copied from France, the British gothic cathedrals
developed their unique features. For example, there was the Canterbury Cathedral, built in
1174, followed by the Wells Cathedral and Lincoln Cathedral.
On both sides of the Anglo-Scottish border, there are still a number of stone castles left from
the lasting Scottish Independence War during the 14th century. Many engineering inventions
made later on in the Renaissance caused the emerging of many new artistic building styles.
Old castles share also a proportion of architectural heritage in the UK. Among many of them,
some of the most beautiful and most visited by tourists are Windsor Castle, the Edinburgh
Castle, Leeds Castle, Alnwick Castle, Cardiff Castle, Bodiam Castle, Stirling Castle, Caernarfon
Castle, Warwick Castle, Bamburgh Castle; etc.
6. Sport in the UK
Sports are a very popular activity among Brits. Clearly, football (or soccer as it is referred to
by Americans) is the British top favorite sport. This normally would be expected because the
UK is where the modern football has begun.
The second most favorite sports for Brits is rugby. A long time ago this sport was associated
with the elite, but later it became widespread. Today, there are two leagues of rugby in the
UK.
Brits also like swimming, cricket, tennis, boxing and so on.
Did you know that although most people wrongly think that table tennis originated from Asian
countries, the game was first invented in the UK?
7. Art in the UK
Art is an important part of British history and culture. Many British artists created
irreplaceable artworks whose appeal influenced many artists from all around the globe.
Traces of British art development
take us back to the pre-historical
periods. The Stonehenge, built
around 2600 BC, is clearly the
oldest British artwork we know
until now. The influence of
Roman conquerors and other
preceding historical ages are still
present in the UK. Old churches
and cathedrals have the same
illuminated manuscripts and
sculpture as when they were
built centuries ago.
Throughout the history of art, the UK produced some of the greatest artists ever. Names like
William Blake, J. M. W. Turner, John Constable, Samuel Palmer and so forth made a strong
basis for artists that would come later.
Pre- 18th century also saw a number of brilliant British artists best represented by the names
of Hans Holbein, Anthony van Dyck, Niccolas Hilliard, Robert Peake, William Larkin, William
Dobson and John Michael Wright.
During the second part of the 18th century, the art movements that took place in the UK
resulted in the expansion of distinguished artists like Sir Joshua Reynold, George Stubbs,
Thomas Gainsborough and Joseph Wright of Derby.
Artists like Joseph Wright, James Wright, Samuel Palmer, Richard Parkes Bonnington, and so
on, were some of the best during the 19th century or the Romantic period as it is known.
During the 20th century artists like John Singer Sargent, Jack Butler Yeats, Sir Jacob Epstein,
David Bomberg, Lawrence Atkinson, Dora Carrington and others climbed to be the elite of
artists in the UK.
(Source: https://www.studying-in-uk.org/british-culture-and-social-norms/)
Task! Answer these questions carefully!

1. What are the most common typical British foods?
2. What kind of food is British food?
3. What do people avoid when interacting in Britain?
4. What kind of music is in Britain?
5. What are examples of architecture in Britain?
6. What is the favorite sport of the British?
7. Mention some of the greatest artists in the UK?
8. Mention some signs of someone using drugs.
9. What do people wear in Britain when its winter?
10. What do the following words refer to?
a. “it” in text number 1 refers to ________________.

b. “them” in text number 2 refers to _______________.
c. “them” in text 4 in the last paragraph refers to _______________.
d. “their” in text 5 in paragraph 1 refers to _______________
II. Listen and Speak
B. Let’s Act
Task 2
Study the following words in the box before listening to the news -- “Food Documentary” and
then complete the conversation. The listening script is in the Appendix.
Ripped : …………………………
Pay : ………………………...
Bumped : ..………………………
Stack up : ……………………….
packaging :………………………..
uncover : ………………………..
truth : ……………………….
Scare : ………………………
investigate : ……………………….
Trolly : ……………………….
upfront : ………………………….
Costomer : …………………………
Mincemeat : …………………………..
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ypnf8KfZg_I
Angela : There’s a lot we don’t know about the 1……………...

And the shops and the labels don’t always tell you 2……………. I think they
3………. you to buy more than you need. And that 4………. a lot of 5…………...
Julia : Whether you’re staying in or going out, you’ve told us you can 6……………….
by the promises made about what you 7 …………. and what you 8 ……….. for
it? How do you know that it’s half price? Right, so what they’ve 9………….,
they’ve bumped the price up. And then 10 ……………….
Gloria : From claims that just don’t 11………….. to secrets behind 12 …………… we’ll
13…………. the truth about 14 …………….., so that you can be sure that you’re
getting. What you expect 15…………………… your food, your money; this is Rip-
off Britain.
Task 3
Study the words below before you listen to a talk about sport. Then, state
whether the statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). The listening script is in the Appendix.
Spotlight : …………………………
Broadcasting : ………………………...
Athlete : ..………………………
Healthy : ……………………….
steroids :………………………..
effect : ………………………..
returned : ……………………….
Grow : ………………………
Diseases : ………………………..
Pressure : ……………………………
Risk : ……………………………
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hlZsrBpRW1M
No Statement T F
1 Jap Stam was living the dream of many young people.
2 Jap Stam was a singer
3 He had a new job on another good football team-Lazio.
But, in 2001 he took a test. The test found that he
hadn’t used the drug.
4 Women have low levels of testosterone
5 Steroids give a person a low level of testosterone
Task 4
Let’s say it right.
In the conversation between Claudin and Sam, you find the word “exhibit’.
How do you pronounce it?
Exhibit ……………………..
Now, practice pronouncing the following words.
1. Root …………..
2. Interactive ………………
3. Kiosk …………………….
4. Titled ………………….
5. Signature ………………
6. Inductees ……………………
7. Outside …………………….
Task 5
In pairs, study the dialogue below. Then, practice the dialogue with your partner.
Claudine : This Hall of Fame is amazing. There are so many exhibits on the roots of rock
and roll.
Sam : And I like the interactive kiosks.
Claudine : Yes, the multimedia aspect is cool. I liked the one titled “Songs that Shaped
Rock and Roll.”
Sam : Next, let’s go see the wall with the signatures of all the inductees.
Claudine : That sounds good. And then do you think we should try to find Mom and
Dad? Last time we saw them, they were outside looking at the design of the
building.
Sam : Yes, we need to bring them inside. Otherwise, they won’t have time to see
all of the cool stuff in here
Now let’s review the vocabulary.

A Hall of Fame is like a museum. It houses displays and information about people from a
particular sport or activity.
An exhibit (or exhibition) is a collection of things, such as works of art, that are put in a space for
people to look at.
Roots means the origins of something. Rock and roll has its roots in other genres (types) of
music, such as blues.
Rock and roll can also be written as rock ’n’ roll.
When something is interactive, it means that it is designed to respond to the actions of the user.
For example, an interactive exhibit lets the user interact with the content of the exhibit in some
way.
In the context of this conversation, a kiosk is a small structure that provides information,
generally on a computer screen.
Multimedia means the use of different ways of giving information. Different materials are used
to provide information. In this conversation, the kiosks present information using text, audio
and video.
An aspect is a particular part of something. In the conversation, Claudine liked the multimedia
part of the kiosks.
A signature is a person’s name in his or her handwriting.
An inductee is a person who has officially been made a member of a group or organization.
Source: https://share.america.gov/everyday-conversations-lets-talk-about-music-audio/
Task 6
In small groups, discuss the possibilities over the following issue.
1. Good communication with people from other countries.
2. Good attitude if invited by your friend from the UK.
. Task 7
British Accent Practice
Listen and watch this video, and practice how the British and American Accent say the words
below:
11. Water 6. Schedule 1. World cup 16. roots

12. Tomato 7. Mobile 2. Defense 17. zebra
13. Adult 8. massage 3. Garage
14. Either 9. Fiancé 4. Mayonnaise
15. Neither 10. Herb 5. Semi
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lCYL0jOcrtQ
Task 8
Time to write
Write 2- 3 paragraphs about culture in your town
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Grammar: I have done and I did (Present Perfect and Simple Past)
His car is dirty

Source: https://www.alamy.com/boy-with-sponge-washing-the-window-of-car-vector-isolated-
illustration-image
He is washing his car

Source: https://www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/382946774542282028/?autologin=true
He has washed his car (= his car is clean now)

Source: https://i.pinimg.com/originals/5a/3c/4e/5a3c4ef81afcceb6e01bbf2c508bc6f7.jpg
We use the present perfect for an action in the past with a result now:
 I’ve lost my passport. (= I can’t find my passport now)
 “Where’s Rebecca?” “She’s gone to bed.” (she is in the bed now)
 We’ve bought a new car. (= we have a new car now)
 It’s Rachel’s birthday tomorrow, and I haven’t bought her a present. (= I don’t
have a present for her now)
 “Bob is away on vacation.” “Oh, where has he gone?’ (= where is he now)
 Have you met my brother, or should I introduce you?
 I was a very slow typist at collage, but I’ve gotten faster.
Usually you can also use the simple past (he washed/ I lost, etc.) in these situations. So, you
can say:
 “where’s your key?” “I’ve lost it” or I lost it.
 “is Peter here?” “No, he’s gone home.” Or “he went home”
 We’ve bought a new car. Or we bought a new car.
We use only the simple past (not the present perfect) with a finished time (yesterday, last
week, etc.)
 I lost my key yesterday. (not - I have lost)
 We bought a new car last week. (not - we have bought)
Task 9
Source: Murphy, Raymond. William R. Smalzer. 2011. Basic Grammar in Use

References
Murphy, Raymond. William R. Smalzer. 2011. Basic Grammar in Use Reference and
practice for students of North American English. Singapore. Cambridge Universtity
press.
Priyano, Joko. Triyani Retno Putri Sari Dewi. Yuli Yanti Rahayu. 2008. English for Senior
High School students (science and social study programme). Pusat Perbukuan
Departement Pendidikan Nasional.
Bckt Tarver, Chase. Mari Vargo. Laurire Blass. 2016. Pathways listening and speaking,
reading and writing.Singapore: Natonal Geographic Learning.
https://www.google.co.id.picture
https://www.studying-in-uk.org/british-culture-and-social-norms/)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ypnf8KfZg_I
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hlZsrBpRW1M
https://www.wowkeren.com/lirik/lagu/adele/hello.html
https://www.alamy.com/boy-with-sponge-washing-the-window-of-car-vector-isolated-
illustration-image
https://www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/382946774542282028/?autologin=true
https://i.pinimg.com/originals/5a/3c/4e/5a3c4ef81afcceb6e01bbf2c508bc6f7.jpg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lCYL0jOcrtQ
3 TOURISM – THE WORLD’S BIGGEST INDUSTRY
Source: https://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/world-tourism-day-2018-these-television-actors-are-
giving-us-major-vacation-goals/1363422
In this unit, the students learn about;

- Jobs in tourism
- Describing job skills
- Describing job routines
Learning Goals:
- Students comprehend the concept of the tourism industry
- Students analyze the message from the audio about tourism job skills
- Students make the persuasive text about job routines
- Students create and practice tour guide role play
Take off
a) Comprehend the vocabulary below!
Pilot Waiter
Tour guide Resort rep
Flight attendant Chef
Tourist information officer Porter
Travel agent Hotel manager
Receptionist Airline check-in clerk
Source: http://careerfunda.info/top-5highest-paying-jobs-in-tourism/
b) Answer these questions correctly!

1. What jobs do the people in the pictures do? Choose from the list.
2. Put the other jobs into categories, for example, travel jobs, hotel jobs.
3. How many different categories are there? Can you think of other tourism jobs for
each of the categories?
If you don’t know the name, describe or mime what the person does.
4. What is the best job in tourism in your opinion?
Reading Skill – reading for information
Exercise 1: Selections 1
Read the following text:
Travel
Travel and tourism provide services of all types for both inbound and outbound travelers, and
have become one of the world’s fastest growing industries. International travel and tourism
are the world’s largest export earner and an important factor in the balance of payments of
most nations. The market is increasingly diverse, covering not only traditional sunshine
tourism and business trips but also many new types of travel that have developed in recent
years. Tourism has become one of the world's most important sources of employment. It
covers a wide range of jobs, including all branches of the travel industry, hospitality in hotels
and restaurants, entertainment and recreation, as well as the tourist attractions in a particular
region. Areas of work include Tour Operators, Travel Agencies, Tourist Boards and Tourist
Information Centers, Transport Companies, Tour Guides, Tourist Attractions.
Chose the correct answer based on the text!

1 a. For many countries tourism is an important source of income.
b. Tourism is not an important factor in the economy of most countries.
c. The travel and tourism industry is no longer growing.
2 a. Travel and tourism means sunshine tourism and business trips.
b. Travel and tourism means more than sunshine tourism and business
trips
c. No new types of tourism have developed in recent years.
3 a. The travel and tourism industry provides services only for incoming
travelers.
b. The travel and tourism industry provides services only for travelers
who want to go abroad
c. Travel and tourism provide services for both of the above types of
people.
4 a. There are not many jobs in travel and tourism.
b. There are a lot of jobs in travel and tourism but they are always of
the same kind
c. There are a lot of jobs in travel and tourism and of many types.
Exercise 2: Exposed Cloze

How would you define the following types of tourism? Fill the gaps with one of these words
- Adventure - Cultural
- Ecotourism - Health
- Heritage - Rural
- Language - Sport
Example:
Doctor Capello attended an international gynaecology conference in Helsinki. [congress]

tourism
1. Jeff and his wife spent a week at a farmhouse in France and rode bicycles round the
countryside. tourism
2. We're interested in history and art so for our last holiday we went to Vilnius.
tourism
3. More and more young people spend a month in Canada to practise their English.
tourism
4. Jack and Jill went skiing in Austria last winter. tourism.
5. Last summer we went rafting and rock-climbing in Arizona. tourism

6. Robert has rheumatism and he needs to lose some weight, so he's going to a spa for a
month. tourism
7. I thought the Railway Museum and Mining Museum were fascinating. tourism
8. Elena and her husband went on a trip to the Danube Delta to look at the flora and fauna.
Exercise 3: Selections
Tour Operators organise hotel bookings, flights, transfer arrangements and sell the tour as a
package, either direct to the public or through a travel agency. They employ Representatives
or Couriers to look after tourists. The couriers make sure that the travel arrangements run
smoothly and deal with problems and emergencies as they happen. An important part of this
job is liaison with coach drivers, ferry staff, customs and immigration officers, and with hotel
staff at stopovers about accommodation and meals. They organise social activities, suggest
excursions and give commentaries when travelling. Their work is usually seasonal. Hours are
long and they spend most of the trip in the company of clients.
Exercise 4: Vocabulary
Choose the expression, A or B, that is closest in meaning to the word as used in the text.
1. BOOKING
a. Reservation
b. accountancy
2. LIAISON
a. a romantic relationship
b. a railway carriage
3. COACH
a. a bus designed for long distance travel or sightseeing
b. a railway carriage
4. CUSTOMS
a. the place where goods and baggage are examined on entering a country
b. habits and traditions
5. STOPOVER
a. any kind of interruption or break
b. a place where somebody makes a break on a journey
Exercise 5. Multiple Choice

What do the words travel, journey, voyage or trip suggest? Choose the correct definition
1. Travelling by ship, especially to a distant place, or into space:
a. Travel
b. Journey
c. Voyage
d. Trip
2. Travelling a long distance and with a certain degree of difficulty, usually by land:
a. Travel
b. Journey
c. Voyage
d. Trip
3. Travelling somewhere for a short period, usually quite easily and for a specific purpose:
a. Travel
b. Journey
c. Voyage
d. Trip
4. The general idea or activity of travelling:
a. Travel
b. Journey
c. Voyage
d. Trip
Exercise 6. Learn the Article!

Read the following text and insert the definite article THE where it is necessary or "-" (minus
sign), where it is not.
? Travel Agencies are ? link between travelers and companies selling holidays,
? transport and accommodation. Travel Agency Consultants advise customers, suggest
? particular holidays or resorts and make booking arrangements either by ?
telephone or computer. They help travelers who do not want package holidays to plan
? journey and then book air, rail or ferry tickets and accommodation. Their work involves
? general paperwork and accepting cash, cheques or credit card payments. They also
offer clients information about ? passports, visas and vaccinations, and offer other
services e.g. holiday insurance, travellers' cheques and foreign currency. Travel clerks are
sales people and have to meet sales targets that ? manager of ? agency has set.
Exercise 7. True / False Statements

For each of the statements below, choose True or False
Tourist Boards promote tourism in their area through marketing and publicity. They monitor
the standards of accommodation and tourist attractions, keep statistical information and
assess future trends. Tourist Information Centre Assistants give visitors up-to-date
information about places of interest in the area. They advise on places to stay and eat,
forthcoming events and local transport details. The work involves dealing with personal
callers, telephone enquiries and letters. Some jobs may be seasonal. Transport Companies
provide the means of transport for passengers, i.e. aircraft, coaches, ships, car hire and trains.
They need a wide range of staff, e.g. drivers, stewards and stewardesses, guides, behind-the-
scenes service staff, etc.
1. Part of the job of Tourist Boards is to keep a check on standards

a. True
b. False
2. The mission of Tourist Information Centers is to make bookings for visitors
a. True
b. False
3. Part of the job of Tourist Information Centers is to monitor standards
a. True
b. False
4. Tourist Information Centers often need extra staff during high season
a. True
b. False
5. Transport companies employ many different kinds of people
a. True
b. False
Exercise 8. Cloze
Fill in the gaps in the letter of application using only vocabulary from the previous exercise.
Our client is a Tour Operator seeking a Reservations Consultant with a minimum of 12 months
travel reservations experience. This well-established travel organisation specialises in
holidays in Eastern Europe. Due to expansion they are now looking for friendly and
professional reservations consultants with basic experience to join their professional and
dynamic reservations team. The ideal Reservations Consultant will sell to the public, the travel
industry and to corporate clients. If you are looking for a career move within travel and are
seeking an exciting new challenge, then this is the opportunity you have been waiting for.
Please note only candidates with travel industry background and experience will be
considered.
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing with reference to your online advertisement for Travel Consultants. As you can
see from my CV, I have a Diploma in Travel and Tourism. Before taking the course, I spent two
years as a Customer Services Assistant for TeleComPlus. In this post I gained a good telephone
? and excellent communication ?. I have a clear speaking ? and am
able to ? under pressure.
For the last year I have been working for Wanderlust Travel, a small family travel agency,
where customers consider me to be friendly and ? . I enjoy ? with people
and am both patient and ? . I am well organised and always try to keep myself
well ? about the latest trends in the travel industry.
I am now looking to move to a larger organisation where I will be able to put my sense of
responsibility and ? to greater use. I am bilingual in Hungarian and English, and
also have a good ? of Romanian.
I should be grateful if you could send me further details of the post.

I look forward to hearing from you,
Yours faithfully,
Istvan Fischer.
Vocabulary
Adjectives for job skills
With a partner, look at the adjectives for
describing people.
1. Find six pairs of opposite adjectives
Calm friendly flexible
Extrovert Nervous lazy
smart shy Disorganized
creative confident
hardworking Scruffy
practical organized unfriendly
2. Choose one of the jobs in Take Off. Say which

three qualities are the most important.
Language
Spot
Describing job skills

Look at the sentences for describing job skills and abilities
+ Infinitive + -ing or noun
I can make people relax I enjoy meeting new people
I know how to use computers I like working independently
I am willing to work long hours I am good at languages
I am able to do more than one thing at the I feel confident about dealing with money
same time
Writing Skill – Persuasive Paragraphs
Paragraphs
No matter what pattern you follow (in other words, what the purpose of your paragraph is)
your paragraphs will all include three main components.
1. Topic Sentences
 Open your paragraph by introducing your reader to the topic you'll be exploring.
2. Support (Body) Sentences
 Support your topic sentence with information relevant to the subject.
3. Concluding (Closing) Sentences
 Restate the topic and summarize any conclusions that your reader should draw from
the information you've presented.
When you are writing to persuade or to argue a point, your purpose is to convince
your reader that your opinion is the right one. There are various methods to consider when
writing a persuasive paragraph or essay, and it is important to consider your audience when
determining which one to use.
Fact Authority.
Persuasion/
Argument
Pattern
Opposition Examples.
Predictions
The strongest persuasive writing will use

a combination of these techniques.
Writing the Persuasion/Argument Paragraph

As with any other paragraph pattern (and no matter which persuasive method you
use) it's important to make sure that the language you choose serves your purpose.
When Answering the Opposition When Listing Evidence

Some may say... but / however... first, second, third...
Nevertheless... another / next ...
On the other hand... Finally...
Don't forget to draw conclusions from the evidence and arguments that you've provided!
 Therefore...
 Thus...
 Hence...
 Consequently...
Example;
Miss Brill's ritual of visiting the park every Text highlighted in
Sunday helps her to cope with loneliness. It is clear yellow indicates the
how much enjoyment the old woman derives from the primary claim of the
simple activity as the narrator states, "Oh, how paragraph, the main
fascinating it was! How she enjoyed it! How she idea that the writer
loved sitting [t]here, watching it all!" The weekly attempts to prove in
outing provides an opportunity for Miss Brill to place the paragraph.
herself in the company of others and to leave behind
"the little dark room" in which she lives. Miss Brill Text highlighted in
employs the tactics of listening and watching to light yellow indicates
passively include herself in the activities of the park the writer's
crowd. She is expert at "sitting in other people's lives development of the
for just a minute" by eavesdropping. This habit of main idea that begins
"listening as though she didn't listen" helps her to feel the paragraph, usually
included. Being an avid people watcher, Miss Brill the writer's explanation
pays rapt attention to those who surround her. By the of how the evidence she
same care she takes in noticing others, she hopes that presents supports the
"no doubt somebody would have noticed if she hadn't main idea.
been there" in attendance. This thought allows her to
feel a sense of community with the strangers at the Text highlighted in
park. Miss Brill seizes every opportunity she can to light green indicates
imagine herself as having some connection with the supporting evidence,
individuals she observes in attempt to garner a sense facts that the writer
of belonging. She even likens herself to being a part uses to support the idea
of the "family" that the band plays to. In effect, the that begins the
weekly outing provides a means to escape the paragraph.
isolation felt in her solitary existence for a period of
time by engaging herself in the happenings at the The final sentence is a
park. However, as Miss Brill observes and listens, transitional sentence
she prefers to view her world through a proverbial set that takes readers to the
of rose-colored glasses to protect herself from main idea in the next
confronting the truth of her lonely existence. body paragraph.
Exercise 9. Writing Manuscript for Role Play “Tour Guide”

Learn the instruction of tour guide role play and practice it with your partner!
Tour of Bali Role play
worksheet
You are a tour guide. Instructions: prepare your speech and then give a guided tour. Be
prepared to answer the tourists’ questions!
Good morning/afternoon everyone! Welcome to this tour of________________________

________________________________________(place).
By ____________________________(transport).
My name’s ___________________________________.
I’m your guide on our tour of ____________________________________________.
The tour will take _________________________________________________hours.
First, we’ll see ______________________________. Then we’ll
see___________________________________________
Next, we’ll ___________________________________.
After
that____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________
Finally, we’ll________________________________________________________
Any questions?
You are a tourist. Instructions: Prepare some questions to ask your tour guide. Asks lots of
questions because you want to practice your English!
Will we visit_______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________?
Is there a ________________________________________________________on the
tour? ________________________________________________________________
What time is___________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________?
Where can I buy a __________________________________________________?
Which famous people live in ____________________________________________?

____________________________________________________?
________________________________________________________________________?
________________________________________________________________________?
________________________________________________________________________?
________________________________________________________________________?
________________________________________________________________________?
_______________________________________________________________________?
________________________________________________________________________?
https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/sites/teacheng/files/monthly_lesson_plan_Teens_Lon
don_tour_worksheet.pdf
Exercise 10. Making Language Promotion

Writing.
Look at the picture of a
holiday destination. You
are the marketing team
for a big travel company.
Choose your target
customer and write an
advert marketing the
holiday to them.
Remember the 4 Ps
(Product, Place, Price and
Promotion) and decide
what media to advertise
through. In your advert,
include details of:
- suitable activities for
customers to do
- facilities and services
you offer
- the price (with
offers/discounts)
- the length and period
of the holiday (try to
suit it to your
customers)
- other information to
attract your
customers
Listening Skill Practice
1. Take a tour of London by listening to this tour guide and do the exercises to improve
your listening skills.
2. Do the preparation exercise before you listen. Then do the other exercises to check
your understanding.
3. Do the exercise before you listen.
Exercise 11. Match the words and pictures.

Big Ben London Bus London Eye
Tower of London Oxford Street Tower Bridge
House of Parliament Buckingham Palace
4. Listen Carefully to this audio

Exercise 12. Circle the best word to complete these sentences.
1. The tour takes 2 / 3 / 4 hours.

2. At Madame Tussaud’s you can see maps of London / models of famous people / famous
shops.
3. Oxford Street is a famous street for drinking tea / eating / shopping.
4. The Queen lives at Buckingham Palace / the Tower of London / Tower Bridge.
5. Big Ben is a tour guide / clock / bridge.
6. You can see great views of London from Oxford Street / the Houses of Parliament /
London Eye.
Exercise 13. Answer these questions from your experience
Have you ever been to any of these places?

Where did you go?
What did you do?
Which city would you like to take a tour in? Why?
Exercise 14. Tour Guide Vocabulary Quiz

Part 1.
1. There are many _______ for kids including a zoo and a museum.
districts
attractions
conveniences
2. It is difficult to get your _______ in this city, so please carry a map at all times.
bearings
placings
scenery
3. The _______ will try to sell you their homemade jewelry and housewares.
lobby
location
locals
4. You will find a free shuttle _______ with your airline ticket.
voucher
request
highlight
5. In order to appreciate the _______ of the building, you really need to get off the bus
and get closer to it.
bearings
architecture
exception
6. We’ll be driving through farmland for a while, so just sit back and enjoy the _______ .
en route
scenery
sites
7. Please feel free to wander anywhere you like in the castle and its beautiful _______ .
surroundings
conveniences
customs
8. Smoking is not _______ on the bus at any time.
expected
proceeded
permitted
9. The _______ north tower is the only part of the castle that has been changed since the
early 1900's.
reconstructed
international
prevalent
10. We are coming up to the waterfall I mentioned earlier, which in my opinion is the most
_______ part of this tour.
customary
scenic
restored
Part 2.
Whether you work in a tourist information center, as a tour guide, or just want to tell your
English-speaking friend about the sights in your city, this exercise is for you! It'll help you learn
and practice the most useful vocabulary relating to giving tourist information. Fill in each
blank with the proper (best) response from the list below:
destroyed, attractions, historic, capital, blocks,

cheaper, century, incredible, concentrated, trap
1. This is a very modern city. There aren't many buildings.
2. Almost all of the are located in the central area.
3. All the sights are in this area.
4. Most of the city was during the war, and rebuilt afterwards.
5. This building is from the 17th . It used to be a royal residence.
6. A tourist is a place (restaurant, store, etc.) designed to attract

travelers/tourists. These type of places are usually more expensive than places where
"locals" go.
7. Wow! What an view!
8. This used to be the of our country.
9. We're not looking for an expensive hotel. We want something that's .
10. The post office? Go straight for three . You'll see it on your right.
Speaking Skill
Exercise 15. Practice and Make Dialogue

The man at the information kiosk has a problem with his ticket. He is talking to one of the
employees behind the counter. Practice their conversation with a partner.
Man : I just bought this ticket to Ft. Wayne, but the ticket agent made a mistake.
Employee : What’s the problem?
Man : I paid for a round-trip ticket, but he gave me a one-way ticket. I just saw the
mistake a minute ago. What should I do?
Employee : Talk to the agent who sold you the ticket. He can give you a new one.
Man : But look at the line! If I wait in that line again, I’ll miss my bus!
Employee : Hmmmmmm. Which agent helped you?
Man : The one on the left. Employee: All right. Let’s talk to him.
Man : Thank you. I appreciate your help.
Now can you try the following situations? You make the dialogue with your partner!
1 A You are waiting for the bus to Manchester. You bought your ticket, but now
you can’t find it. You go to the information kiosk to see if anyone found the
ticket and turned it in. You ask what you should do.
B You are working at the bus station information kiosk. You have not seen this
person’s ticket. You tell the person he will have to buy a new ticket if he
can’t find it.
2 A You bought a return ticket to Galway, but you have just noticed that it is a
one-way ticket, although you paid for a return ticket. Try to change your
ticket.
B A passenger has a problem with his/her ticket. Try to help them out.
3 A You bought a ticket to Cork, but you have just realized that the ticket you
have is for another city. Your bus leaves in 20 minutes. You need to change
your ticket quickly
B You cannot change the person’s ticket as the bus for Cork is already full. Try
suggesting taking a different bus tomorrow morning instead.
In this part, you will play games.

1. The students are in a group and they will play the role of tour guide using the
manuscript from exercise 9.
2. The students are a travel agent and customer. Here is the information.
Student A
You are a travel agent. You recently visited a hotel to write a report about it. Now, you are
recommending the hotel to a customer. When the customer asks questions about the hotel,
refer to your notes. If your comment is good, paraphrase it and add some positive points.
If your comment is bad, try to describe the issue without discouraging the customer.
Can your partner tell when you are hiding some facts?
3. The accommodation:
The room was really small and the bathroom wasn’t very clean. The view was awful,
as it was just of a building site!
4. The food:
The food was very good. There was always local food on the menu and it was cooked
really well.
5. The location:
The hotel was miles away from anywhere and it wasn’t very picturesque with just
dusty fields all around. There was a bus to the town but it only came once every two
hours!
6. The beach:
It was a great beach, sandy and surrounded by trees. You could hire sunloungers and
there was a small bar / café on the beach too, so you didn’t have to go back to the
hotel all the time.
7. The service:
Appalling! The hotel was understaffed, so you had to wait all the time. The waiters
often got our dinner order wrong.
8. The swimming pool:
Too small, very crowded and noisy with young children and adults all crammed in
together. Probably not very safe either.
9. The transport to the hotel from the airport:
Very efficient. It only took half an hour, no waiting time and a smooth drive taking in
some great scenery.
10. The prices:
Expensive! Five pounds for an ice cream and five pounds for a lemonade! Fifteen
pounds for a sunlounger for a day! The hotel also charges way too much for its rooms!
Student B
You are a customer in a travel agent’s office, and you are looking for a good hotel next to
the beach to stay at.
Ask the travel agent questions about the:
1. accommodation
2. food
3. location
4. beach
5. quality of service
6. swimming pool
7. transport to the hotel from the airport
8. prices
The travel agent has personal experience of the hotel and will answer your questions but
he / she may not tell the whole truth all the time. Can you tell when he / she is hiding some
facts?
Here are some more words connected to the Bus Station. Can you and your partner explain
them to each other?
Baggage compartment (n)
To board (v)
To get off (v)
Destination (n)
To miss (a bus) (v)
To catch (a bus) (v)
Single/ One-way ticket (n)
Return/ Round-trip ticket (n)
On time (adj) Schedule (n)
Timetable (n)
References.
Walker, Robin & Keith Harding. Tourism 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press
http://www.onestopenglish.com/exams/matura/pdf-content/matura-writing-tourism-
lesson-plan/553975.article
https://bowiestate.libguides.com/english_100/Paragraph_Patterns#s-lg-box-9272532
https://www2.ivcc.edu/rambo/eng1001/paragraph_development.htm
https://www.eslflow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/con-tuesday-spring-2011airport-
bus-hotel.pdf
https://www.eslflow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/con-tuesday-spring-2011airport-
bus-hotel.pdf
https://www.englishformyjob.com/english-tourist-information1.html
http://careerfunda.info/top-5highest-paying-jobs-in-tourism/
https://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/world-tourism-day-2018-these-television-
actors-are-giving-us-major-vacation-goals/1363422
https://langschool.eu/courses/advanced-en/unit06.en.html
https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/skills/listening/elementary-a2-listening/tour-
london
http://www.esb.co.uk/pdf/51342sample.pdf
4 INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING
In this Unit, the students learn about:
- Economy: accounting
- Jobs in accounting
- Vocabularies in accounting
- Describing the importance of tax
- Tense: Future tense
Learning Goals:
- The students understand the concept of economy: accounting

- The students analyze the reading about accounting
- The students understand the impact of paying tax
- The students understand jobs in accounting
- The students are able to map the importance of paying tax to the development of the
country
1. STARTER: Make a list of all the different types of job you know about in accounting.
Jobs in accountant
acounting
bookkeper
2. Vocabulary Building
Here are some of the vocabulary that we might find in accounting. Try to make a
simple sentence by using these vocabularies.
Vocabularies Meaning
Debit entry an accounting entry acknowledging sums that are owing
Credit entry an accounting entry acknowledging income or capital
items
Trial balance a balance of debits and credits in double-entry
bookkeeping
Debit an accounting entry acknowledging sums that are owing
Accounting system a bookkeeper's chronological list of related debits and
credits of a business; forms part of a ledger of accounts
Ledger a record in which commercial accounts are recorded
Double entry bookkeeper debits the transaction to one account and
credits it to another
Posting a sign posted in a public place as an advertisement
Income statement a financial statement that gives operating results for a
specific period
Debit side account of payments owed
Entry the act of going in
Bookkeeping the activity of recording business transactions
Balance harmonious arrangement or relation of parts within a

whole
Financial statement a document showing credits and debits
Account a record or narrative description of past events
3. Here are some jobs and definitions. Fill in the gaps in the definitions with words from
the box below.
Specializing – studying – for inspecting its accounts – processing the records

– giving administrative support – to inspect its accounts
1. Trainee accountants
Accountants who are _______________________ for professional examinations
2. Bookkeepers
Administrative staff responsible for __________________ of a business’s financial
activities
3. Tax accountant
An accountant _________________ in a company’s tax affairs
4. Back-office manager
Person in charge of the staff responsible for _______________ to the Finance
department
5. Internal auditors
Employees of a company who are responsible ___________________
6. External auditors
People employed by an outside firm of accountants and hired by a company
4. Choose one of the words in the below!
a - balance sheet, b - liquid assets, c - liability, d - net income, e - property,
f - payroll, g - equity, h - journal, i - cash flow, j - expense
1. A list of all employees and their wages __

2. An accounting record where all business transactions are INITIALLY entered ___
3. Money that is spent to purchase goods or services provided by someone else ___
4. A detailed summary of a person's or a company's financial condition at a specific
point in time, taking into account their assets, liabilities, etc. ___
5. Something that is legally owned by a person or company ___
6. An obligation to settle a debt; money owed to someone ___
7. This word has 2 meanings: "stock (shares)" and "net worth" ___
8. The balance of cash receipts minus cash payments over a given period of time ___
9. Cash or something that is easily convertible into cash ___

10. Money remaining after all expenses and taxes have been paid ___
5. Work with a partner to practice greetings and small talk.
USEFUL PHRASES
Meeting people Offering hospitality
Hello, Mr/Mrs …, I’m … . can I take your coat?
It’s nice to meet you. Please come in and take a seat.
--- (it’s) nice to meet you, too. Can I get you a cup of coffee/tea?
May I introduce you to … ? would you like something to drink?
I’d like to introduce you to … . -- Yes, please./Yes, that would be

great.
Have
6. What doyou
themet … ? abbreviations mean? Check--your
following No, thank you./No,
answers in the thanks
article below.
GAAP – IFRS – IAS – IASC
International accounting
I
nternational companies can choose how they present financial information to
outside parties. The rules and regulations between countries vary significantly.
Accountants worldwide are familiar with the words ‘Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles (GAAP)’. Some of the basic principles are:
 The going concern principle
 The prudence principle
 The matching principle
 The consistency principle
The development of these principles has greatly differed between countries. For example,
in most English-speaking countries it is often accepted practice to offset unrealized gains
from unrealized losses, or to re-value long term assets upwards, provided sufficient proof
of the current value can be shown. This means that accounts can have very different
values, depending on whether the company chooses to follow local accounting standards,
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) – formerly the International
Accounting Standards (IAS) – or U.S GAAP. Whether the company can choose it is
governed by the laws of the country where it is registered. For example, the U.S.A and
Japan currently allow publicly-traded companies to prepare their financial statements
using the standards of the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC), but they
must also include a reconciliation to domestic GAAP.
7. Use words from each box to make word partnerships. Then match them to the
definitions below.
Outside – accepted – English-speaking – local accounting – publicly-traded – company
practice – standards – parties – countries

1. A firm that sells its shares to anyone who wants to buy them
2. For example, Australia, the U.K., and the U.S.A
3. The way most people do something
4. The rules and regulations which state how accountants operate in a particular place.
5. People or groups who are not involved with the company.
8. Read this email on creative accounting, and then decide if the statements below are
true √ or false X.
Subject: Creative accounting

From: Rupert Greene <[email protected]>
To: Javier Estrada <[email protected]>
Hi Javier
At our meeting yesterday you asked me to send you some background info on creative
accounting, and in particular off-balance-sheet accounting.
Basically, there’s quite a bit of flexibility in the way we can interpret the standards and principles
of accounting. For example, we may want to report bigger profits so that we can attract investors
on the capital markets. On the other hand, smaller profits may be better so that we pay less tax.
The problem is that the line between truthful and misleading representation of figures is
sometimes very thin, and this is where people get into trouble.
Off-balance-sheet-accounting is seen by some as one type of creative accounting. (People have
been arguing about it for years, though!) the key point to remember is that the accounting
treatment of legitimate business transactions can vary greatly. For example, many companies
are involved in leasing for business reasons, and the questions for the accountants is how to
present the financial implications of such leases in the accounts. In theory, the idea is that leasing
an asset (instead of buying it) allows the company to exclude the liability from its accounts.
Hope this helps – give me a call if you have any more questions.
Best wishes
Rupert
I’ve balanced the

1. Accountants agree that creative accounting is a good books – now assets
thing. equal liabilities!
2. Off –balance-sheet accounting is one way of creative
accounting – there are others.
3. Creative accounting is sometimes used to try and
attract more investors.
4. Accountants are allowed some flexibility in the way
they present accountants.
5. Leasing is actually illegal.
6. Big profits mean paying less tax.
7. When a company leases an asset, the accountant
doesn’t have to include it in the accounts.
8. Match these words with their meanings.
1. Debt a. An agreement between two or

more parties, often written
2. Lease b. The opposite of assets
3. Gearing c. Buying or selling something
4. Liabilities d. Someone who owns parts of a
company
5. Contrast e. Money that is owed
6. Transaction f. An agreement where the owner
of something allows someone
else to use it for specific time for
a sum of money
7. Shareholder g. The proportion of own capital to
borrowed funds when buying an
asset or financing a company
9. Use liability, liabilities, debt, or debts to complete the sentences below.
1. He’ll have paid his _____________________ off by next year.

2. Look at the assets and _____________________ on the balance sheet if you
want to know how the company’s doing.
3. Many developing countries are burdened by heavy _____________________.
4. We need to look at the long-term _____________________ before we think
about any major new purchases.
5. The partnership has limited _____________________ status.
6. Current _____________________ are those which are paid off within a year.
7. The company’s in _____________________ to the tune of 10 million.
10. Use the expression below to respond to the following statements. Note that more than
one answer is possible.
1. ‘I think we should work fewer hours, I mean, almost everyone else in this company
now works 35-hours, and look at us!’
‘__________________________________________’
2. ‘can you come in next weekend?’ ‘What
again?________________________________’
3. ‘I’d like you to prepare the figures for next week’s presentation. But this time could
you make
4. sure that you put our current client’s name on the slides.’
‘__________________________________________’
5. ‘We need to finish this by next Wednesday. How about if we postpone the
department party? There’s no other way.’
‘__________________________________________’
6. ‘Have you had a look at this? It’s a disaster, a catastrophe!’ ‘Hang on, it can’t be that
bad. Ah, _________________________________________’
7. ‘Look, we really need to convince the boss that some of the transactions have been
wrongly booked. I don’t want problems later.’
‘_______________________________’
8. ‘They want us to take a pay cut this year.’ ‘Are you kidding?
_____________________’
11. Do you agree with the speaker? Use the phrases above to agree or disagree and
continue the discussion with a partner.
It’s time the world moved to
Off-balance-sheet the same accounting
accounting should be principles – everyone should
made illegal use U.S. GAAP.
Creative
accounting is a
good thing
12. Make two lists. In the first, write down topics which would be safe to talk about with a
foreign business partner. In the second, write down unsafe topics. Compare with a
partner.
Safe topics Unsafe topics

13. Job Vacancy

Over to you
Describe the general rules and practices in this job vacancy above. Write down an email and
a cover letter for this job vacancy. Telling that you are interest in the job.
14. Reading comprehension
Indonesia issues new tax holiday scheme
T
he government has issued a regulation on the expansion of the business sectors that
are eligible to apply for the tax holiday scheme, which is one of the three policies
outlined in its latest economic policy package.
The digital economy industry as well as manufacturing industry in agriculture, forestry or

plantations are the two sectors eligible to apply for a tax holiday in Finance Ministerial
Regulation No. 150/2018, which now include 18 business sectors, up from 17 sectors in the
previous regulation.
With the expansion of the scheme, as many as 169 business units listed in the Indonesian
Standard of Industrial Classification (KBLI) were eligible to apply for the tax holiday, up from
153 business units previously.
The government has also lowered the minimum investment required to get a tax holiday –
popularly known as a “mini tax holiday”, allowing a minimum investment of Rp 100 billion
(US$6.97 million). Under the mini tax holiday scheme, the investor gets a 50 percent
corporate income tax cut for five years.
The arrangement complements the existing scheme, which grants a full corporate income tax
exemption for between five and 30 years, depending on the investment value.
Secretary to the Coordinating Economic Minister Susiwijono Moegiarso said the new tax
holiday scheme was already integrated into the government’s Online Single Submission (OSS)
system, a web-based licensing system launched in July.
“As of today, we can make sure that the business units [included in the latest tax holiday] are
already input into the OSS,” said Susiwijono in Jakarta on Thursday, adding that the finance
minister would also issue a regulation on tax holidays for investments in special economic
zones (SEZs). (bbn)
Source: The Jakarta Post (https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/11/30/indonesia-

issues-new-tax-holiday-scheme.html)
Activities: From the text above, try to find:
1. The main idea of each paragraph.

2. Try to find some words that might sound unfamiliar to you. Make a list and find the
meaning.
3. Discuss with your partner the reason behind the title of the text.
15. Now listen and read the text carefully!
Making a career in accounting
I
n these uncertain economic times it can be hard to know which career path is right for
you, everywhere you look you can see job cuts and unemployment but the accounting
sector is still performing well.
A recent report on the starting salaries of 2012 university graduates stated that accounting
graduates’ salaries are still rising with an average salary of $42,500. When you add that to the
fact that in America accounting firms have almost recovered from the effects of the global
crisis, you can see why accountancy is becoming an attractive prospect.
And that is not all, according to the Bureau of Labour Statistics the prediction is that in the
next 8 years the number of accounting jobs will rise from 1.2 million to 1.4 million in the US.
With such positive reports a lot of young people are looking to become one of the next
generation of accountants. A university education is the most common route into accounting
but it is not the only way, many firms offer apprenticeships where you learn while you work.
This means starting at the bottom so for the first year you are more likely to be making the
tea than preparing the balance sheet, or trial balance.
Those people who have graduated with a degree in accounting can expect to jump in at the
deep end and start dealing with the debits and credits that make up the foundation of
accounting. Although, further training will usually be given before you are expected to work
on the more complex accounting issues such as deferral.
Before applying for a job, you should consider the area that you would like to work in.
Accounting is not limited to the private sector, with many accounting graduates being
employed by governmental and non-profit organisations.
Public accounting is perhaps the most common choice because they employ the most CPAs.
Public accounting also offers a wide variety of roles such as: corporate finance, due diligence,
as well as the more traditional accounting and tax advice. Some public firms also specialise in
a particular sector, such as entertainment or travel, so you can work in an area which interests
you. The job of a public accountant is always changing as new laws are introduced, so you
must always be learning new skills.
Public accounting may not be for everyone, and if you prefer the idea of working for the
government, you would do well to apply to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Working for
the national agency often involves analysing a company's financial statements and attempting
to reconcile the tax which has been paid on the reported earnings. It is a job with a great deal
of responsibility and would best suit someone with a strong knowledge of accounting and tax
affairs.
Other government organisations also make use of accounting staff so you could even end up
working for the CIA, but of course you can't talk about it.
To do well in either of these areas you need to remember that whether you are dealing with
a sole-trader, or a limited liability company (LLC), accounting is an exact science and
every record must be precise. And if you are one of the increasing number of accountants
working for a multi-national corporation, you will need to be familiar with the often-confusing
rules on double taxation and be up-to-date on the exchange rate of the foreign currency you
are working with.
There are even more opportunities if you continue your accounting education and get a PhD
in accounting. People, who do this often end up lecturing at Universities as well as running
successful practices or being CFO's of major corporations.
So, remember the economy may be in bad shape, but a career in accountancy may just be the
best way to survive the crisis if you can cope with some of the challenges facing the new
generation of accountants.
These challenges include long hours. New graduates, especially, are often expected to work in
excess of 50 hour working weeks with many failing to meet the heavy workload placed on
them. Long hours are not the only challenge of a career in accounting though. Major
accounting firms are constantly raising the employment requirements with Big4 firms often
only hiring MBA graduates.
Those who can meet the entry requirements and cope with the long hours, are likely to find
a rewarding career which will allow them to live in a comfortable style and enjoy the finer
things in life.
(Source: https://www.english4accounting.com/unit/2)
16. Exercise
1. I __________________________ our profits for the previous accounting period.
a. called
b. gathered
c. calculated
2. Your job will be to __________________________ and maintain financial records.

a. promise
b. prepare
c. make
3. An accounting period is a period of time over which __________________________

are calculated.
a. prophets
b. profits
c. profiteering
4. Accounts __________________________ refers to the money that is owed to the

company by its clients/customers.
a. receivable
b. receptive
c. respected
5. To accrue means to accumulate or _________________.

a. decrease
b. regret
c. increase
6. My house has _______________________ ( = increased in value) by 10% in the past

9 months.
a. appreciated
b. depreciated
c. approximated
7. I indicated all the accrued expenses on your balance _______________________.

a. sheet
b. paper
c. note
8. These expenses are typically __________________________. ( =they occur regularly)

a. pragmatic
b. prodigal
c. periodic
9. Another word for accounting is __________________________.

a. finance
b. bookkeeping
c. money counting
10. A good accountant will help you keep _________________________of your

business's finances.
a. track
b. trace
c. score
Watch the video about the types of accountant. Then, discuss with your partner. Decide
which one of the types that suites your personality, why? Explain in the class.
(Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fCB8WMup9Qg)
Listen to the explanation about the importance of tax. Write down some important
information. Then, try to make a mind map explaining about the importance of paying
taxes for our country based on your understanding from the explanation you heard.
(Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YYUC1vWhtXE)
Tense: Future Tense
Use of will-future
 future actions happen without the speaker's intention
The sun will shine tomorrow.
 predictions, assumptions
I think Sue will arrive in Paris at 6 pm.
 spontaneous actions
Hang on! I'll have a word with you.
Form
will + infinitive
Examples
Affirmative sentences in will-future
Long forms Contracted forms
I will win the match. I'll win the match.
You will win the match. You'll win the match.
He will win the match. He'll win the match.
Negative sentences in the will-future
I will not win the match. I'll not win the match.
I won't win the match.
You will not win the match.. You'll not win the match.
You won't win the match.
He will not win the match. He'll not win the match.
He won't win the match.
Questions in the will-future
Will I win the match? not possible
Will you win the match?
Will he win the match?

Exercise for the future tense.
1. The train at 11:45. (to leave)
2. We dinner at a nice restaurant on Saturday, but we haven't booked a

table yet. (to have)
3. My ski instructor believes it in the mountains tomorrow evening. (to

snow)
4. On Sunday at 8 o'clock I my friend. (to meet)
5. They to London on Friday evening at 8:15. (to fly)
6. Wait! I you to the station. (to drive)
7. The English lesson at 8:45. (to start)
8. I my sister in April. (to see)
9. Look at the clouds - it in a few minutes. (to rain)
10. Listen! There's someone at the door. I the door for you. (to open)
11. Lisa has sold her car. She a bike. (to buy)
12. The museum at 10 am daily. (to open)
13. How old in 2050? (Harry/to be)
14. What time ? (the show/to begin)
15. What tomorrow evening? (you/to do)
16. These boxes are so heavy. them for me, please? (you/to carry)
17. What time Gerry? (he/to meet)
18. This lesson at 11:30 but at 11:40. (not/to end)
19. This time tomorrow we to York. (to drive)
20. The students their essays by the end of next week. (to write)
References
Frendo, Evan., Mahoney, Sean. 2007. English For Accounting. Oxford University Press.
https://www.vocabulary.com/lists/29511
https://www.english4accounting.com/unit/2/reading
The Jakarta Post (https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/11/30/indonesia-issues-
new-tax-holiday-scheme.html)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YYUC1vWhtXE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fCB8WMup9Qg

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Basic English 1 – Students’ Book 2

Basic English 1 – Students’ Book 3

Jakarta, February 2019

In this Unit, the students learn about:

1. Understanding the Main Idea

1. What is the topic of the article?

Understanding the Passages 2!

Answer the questions:

Structure of an email address

2. Read the Instructions below!

3. Read the Phone Chat below!

2. They’re going to see a ___.

3. ___ has been to The Island Club before.

4. The Island Club plays ___ music.

5. They’re going to ___.

6. They’re meeting up at ___.

1. suggests what time to meet.

2. 's friend has recommended a good nightclub.

3. suggests having a coffee before the film.

5. comments that Iggy always has his way.

II. Writing Skill

B. Look at these Sentences

Do = I, You, They, We Did = I, You, They, We, She, He, It

Note the past tense of the verb to be:

He was good at his job. When were you in Seoul?

Some Irregular Verbs to help you in your writing:

dream dreamt, dreamed dreamt, dreamed

2. Use this Article below as an example to Write a Popular Article.

III. Listening Skill

Listen to the information and discuss the questions below:

IV. Speaking Skill

In this unit, the students learn about;

I. Read and Write

A. Let’s Get Ready

During the sixth century,

Task! Answer these questions carefully!

10. What do the following words refer to?

a. “it” in text number 1 refers to ________________.

II. Listen and Speak

Angela : There’s a lot we don’t know about the 1……………...

Now let’s review the vocabulary.

11. Water 6. Schedule 1. World cup 16. roots

His car is dirty

He is washing his car

He has washed his car (= his car is clean now)

Source: Murphy, Raymond. William R. Smalzer. 2011. Basic Grammar in Use

3 TOURISM – THE WORLD’S BIGGEST INDUSTRY

In this unit, the students learn about;

b) Answer these questions correctly!

Reading Skill – reading for information

Chose the correct answer based on the text!

Exercise 2: Exposed Cloze

Doctor Capello attended an international gynaecology conference in Helsinki. [congress]

4. Jack and Jill went skiing in Austria last winter. tourism.

5. Last summer we went rafting and rock-climbing in Arizona. tourism

Exercise 5. Multiple Choice

Exercise 6. Learn the Article!

Exercise 7. True / False Statements