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TCV 4224 Analysis of Structures II

Here are the shear force and bending moment diagrams for the beam shown in Figure Q1: Shear Force Diagram: - At A, VA = -10 kN - From A to B, V is linearly decreasing from -10 kN to 0 kN - At B, VB = 0 kN - From B to C, V is linearly increasing from 0 kN to 10 kN - At C, VC = 10 kN Bending Moment Diagram: - At A, MA = 0 kNm - From A to B, M is linearly increasing from 0 kNm to a maximum of 50 kNm at the center of the span AB - At

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67 views11 pages

TCV 4224 Analysis of Structures II

Here are the shear force and bending moment diagrams for the beam shown in Figure Q1: Shear Force Diagram: - At A, VA = -10 kN - From A to B, V is linearly decreasing from -10 kN to 0 kN - At B, VB = 0 kN - From B to C, V is linearly increasing from 0 kN to 10 kN - At C, VC = 10 kN Bending Moment Diagram: - At A, MA = 0 kNm - From A to B, M is linearly increasing from 0 kNm to a maximum of 50 kNm at the center of the span AB - At

Uploaded by

Mark Mwanga
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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TCV 4224 ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES II LECTURE NOTES

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MOMBASA


DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
COURSE OUTLINE
YEAR: II SEMESTER: II ACADEMIC YEAR: 2023/2024
COURSE CODE: TCV 4224 COURSE TITLE: Analysis of Structures II
UNITS: 3 LECRURER: F. Arasa
1. Course Purpose
The course unit will provide the necessary analytical skills and engineering insight for
understanding the behaviors of indeterminate structures.

2. Expected Learning Outcomes


At the end of the course, the student should be able to:
(i) Apply analytical principles to determine the structural response of indeterminate structures.
(ii) Compute elastic deformations arising on a structure due to the application of static loads.
(iii) iii. Compute lateral displacement due to traverse loading or imperfection.

3. Course Content and Planning


Lecture No. Topic Contact
Hrs.
Lecture 1 Introduction to Statically Indeterminate Structures 3
Lecture 2 Three-Moment Method of Analysis: Applications on beams 3
Lecture 3 Three-Moment Method of Analysis: Applications on beams 3
Lecture 4 Moment Distribution Method of Analysis: Applications on beams & Frames 3
Lecture 5 Moment Distribution Method of Analysis: Applications on beams & Frames 3
Lecture 6 Castigliano’s theorem, Reciprocal Theorem: Application of Castigliano’s 3
theorem to Trusses and Arches
Lecture 7 Influence lines for statically indeterminate structures 3
Lecture 8 Second-order analysis of columns: Euler’s critical load & Buckling Length 3

4. Mode of Delivery
Lectures, interactive tutorials, e-learning, and any other presentations /demonstrations

5. Instruction materials
Whiteboard, LCD/Overhead Projector, Handouts and E-materials

6. Course Assessment
End of Semester Exams 60%
Continuous Assessment Tests and Assignments 40%

7. Recommended textbooks and references


(i) Intermediate structural analysis - by C.K Wang
(ii) Analysis of Structures – by H.H. West
(iii) Theory of structures - by S.P Timoshenko and D.H Young

Signature
F.O ARASA

________________________________ __________________________________ _________________________


Class Rep Sign & Date Course Lecturer Sign & Date

F.O.ARASA
TCV 4224 ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES II LECTURE NOTES

LECTURE 1
INTRODUTION TO STATICALLY INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES

What is a structure?

 Structures are a group of members, such as beams, columns, slabs,


foundations, girders, and trusses that work as a unit to fulfil a purpose.

F.O.ARASA
TCV 4224 ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES II LECTURE NOTES

Idealization of loads

F.O.ARASA
TCV 4224 ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES II LECTURE NOTES

 An engineer's duty is to design structures in a professional, safe, and


economical manner.
 They calculate the reaction forces due to the external forces
applied to the structure as well as internal forces, such as the bending
moment, shear force, and axial force.

What are static indeterminate structures?

 Statically determinate structures are structures that can be analyzed


using static equations only, (i.e., equilibrium in all directions).

 On the other hand, statically indeterminate structures can't be analysed


using static equations only; they require other material properties, such
as deformations, in order to analyse them.

Static Indeterminacy of Structures


The following figures illustrate some example of statically determinate
Figures 1.1a-c) and indeterminate structures (Figures 1.2a-c)

F.O.ARASA
TCV 4224 ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES II LECTURE NOTES

Degree of static indeterminacy = Total number of unknown (external and


internal)Forces - Number of independent equations of equilibrium

F.O.ARASA
TCV 4224 ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES II LECTURE NOTES

 For an indeterminate system, some support(s) or internal member(s) can


be removed without disturbing its equilibrium.
 If a system has less than required number of supports and internal
members to maintain equilibrium, then it is considered unstable.

Advantages of Statically Indeterminate Structures


1) Statically indeterminate structures typically result in smaller stresses
and greater stiffness (smaller deflections) as illustrated for the
beam in Figure 1.4. It follows that a smaller beam section would be
required in the fixed-fixed beam case, resulting in savings in material
(economical design)

F.O.ARASA
TCV 4224 ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES II LECTURE NOTES

2) Statically indeterminate structures introduce redundancy, which


may ensure that failure in one part of the structure will not result in
catastrophic or collapse failure of the structure (they are stable). This
is illustrated in Figure 1.5.

Disadvantages of Statically Indeterminate Structures


(a) Statically indeterminate structure is self-strained due to support
settlement, which produces stresses, as illustrated in Figure 1.5.

F.O.ARASA
TCV 4224 ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES II LECTURE NOTES

(b) Statically indeterminate structures are also self-strained due to


temperature changes and fabrication errors, as illustrated in Figure
1.7.

(c) A nalysis requires the calculation of displacements hence, their cross-


sectional dimensions are required at the onset. The design of such
structures therefore becomes a matter of trial and error, whereas the
forces in the members of a statically determinate structure are
independent of member size.

F.O.ARASA
TCV 4224 ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES II LECTURE NOTES

Table 1.1: Relevant properties of plane shapes

F.O.ARASA
TCV 4224 ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES II LECTURE NOTES

Table 1.2: Free-End Moments (note the sign convention adopted for moments)

F.O.ARASA
TCV 4224 ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES II LECTURE NOTES

REVISION ON STATIC DETEMINATE STRUCTURES


For the beam shown in Figure Q1, draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams.

F.O.ARASA

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