Unit Topic: Bonding Essential Question: Why and how do elements form compounds in nature? ‘Concept Stability and Bonding Objectives: ‘Imerpret chemical formulas Use an element's location on the periodic table to determine its oxidation number and bonding tendencies. Draw electron dot diagrams for individual elements, and to show ionic bond formation. ‘Vocabulary: ‘Compound Chemical formula Octet rule ‘Chemical bond Tonic bond Tons Oxidation number Practice: 1. Explain why elements form compounds, and what most elements need to achieve this. Include which elements do not tend to form compounds and why. 2. List the number of atoms of each clement in the compounds below. CaCl b, NaaSOu ©. Al(SO0s 4d, CC 3. Explain the difference between a ction and an anion, including how ceech are formed and an example of ech, 4, Draw an electron dot diagram for the following compounds: a KI b, CasP ©. AIBrs ‘Concept Naming Tonic Compounds Obisctives: Giver the name ofan fone compound, determine tis chemical formula, including thse that contain polyatomic fons andor transition metals. Given the chemical formula for an ionic compound, determine its name, including those that contain polyatomic ians andior transition metals. Vo Polyatomic fons Practice: '. Explain why an jonie bond forms, how it forms, the two parts that make it up, and the overall charge ofthe resulting compound. 6, Name the following ionie compounds: NaCaHO: Mg(OHs ALOs MnOH (NHy):805 AuCOs 4. Determine the chemical formula for the following ionic compounds: Lithium phosphate Silver (I) chloride Calcium chlorate Iron (II) bromide Magnesium hydroxide ‘Ammonium acetate “oncept 3 Naming Covalent Compounls Objectives: lassify a compound as ionic or covalent Draw electron dot diagrams to show covalent bond formation. Given the name of @ covalent compound determine its chemical formula Given the chemical formula for a covilent compound, determine its naine. Vocabulary: Covalent bond Molecule Practice: 8. Classify the following as atoms, ionic compounds, or molecules: a. Ne b. KCL © HO 4. NHAC 9, Explain why a covalent bond forms, how it forms, and what types of elements form them. 10. Describe the difference between single, double, and triple bonés. 11, Differentiate between the properties of covalent compounds and ionic compounds. 12, Name the following covalent ‘compounds: a. BBn b. CFs ©. PS 4. NEB 13. Determine the chemical formula for the following covalent ‘compounds: 4, Dinitrogen trioxide ». Sulfur dioxide ‘c. Dinitrogen monosulfide 4. Diboron tetrahydride 14, Draw an electron dot diagram for the following compounds: 2. PCh b. CO: ce Bonding UritConcept 1 Notes: Stability and Bonding Questions/Vocabulary Combining Elements Compound Chemical formula Forming Compounds Why do elements form compounds? Octet Rule Stability Would elements ever not benefit from forming compounds? Bondieg UnitBonds Chemical bonds Ionic Bonds ons Cations Anions Bonding UnitBonding Unit Elements in the Oxidation numbers Electron Dot/Lewis Dot Diagrams 1 Note: Practice Time! have the sameElectron Dot/Lewis Dot Diagrams Example #1: What compound will form between Sodium and Chlorine? Example #2: What compound will form between Aluminum and Chlorine? Bonding UnitPractice Time! Summary Concept 1 Explain why elements form compounds, and use a picture to show how. Bonding UnitPractice: Drawing Ionic Bonds Part 1: Use the periodic table to fill in the chart below. Then answer the questions that follow. 1 Element # of Protons Group# | #of Valence Oxidation | Ton that Will Electrons ‘Number Form Lithium Sodium Beryllium ‘Aluminum Phosphorous Oxygen Fluorine | 2. Which elements above will form cations? List them below. 3. Which elements above will form anions? List them below, 4, What does aluminum need to do in order to become stable? 5, What does phosphorous need to do in order to become stable? Think about how this is different from what you wrote in #4, Part 2: Interpret each chemical formula below. Determine how many atoms of each element make up the compotds 6. NaCl 8. Na:SOx 7. HO 9. (NHs)sPOx Bonding Unt 7Part 3: Draw an electron dot diagram to show the compound that will form between each of the elements below. Include the chemical formula to the side of your drawing. 10, Potassium and Chlorine 11. Magnesium and Iodide 12, Calcium and Oxygen 13, Sodium and Oxygen 14, Aluminum and Chlorine 15. Barium and Nitrogen Bonding UnitConcept 2 Notes: Naming Ionic Compounds Questions/Vocabulary Compounds Review Elements naturally exist in They form compounds to be more ‘Two main types of bonds are and - Tonic Covalent = Tonic Compounds Cation Anion Bending VitBending Unit How to Determine the Chemical Formula for an Tonic Compound Name > Formula 1 Example #1: What is the formula for the compound that forms between magnesium and phosphorous? Practice Time! 0Polyatomic Ions to Know: Bonding Unit How to Name Ionic Compounds Formula > Name Example: CaS Practice Time! Exception #1: Polyatomic Ions How to Name Ionic Compounds w/ Polyatomic Ions Formula > Name 1. Write the name of the first element (the metal) Exception #1) 2, Write the name of the second element (the nonmetal) with an ide ending, Exception #1: Examples:Practice Time! (with Exception #1) How to Determine the Formula for an Tonic Compound w/ Polyatomic Fons Name > Formula 1, Write down the ions of each element with charge (aka the symbol with its oxidation #) 2. Determine the # of each ion it takes to make a compound with no charge (aka “crisscross applesauce” the charges) 3. Write down the formula using subscripts to show how many of each ion it took 4, Reduce/Simplify (if needed) Practice Time! (with Exception #1) Bonding UnitTransition Metals How to Name Ionic Compounds w/ Transition Metals Formula > Name 1, Write the name of the first element (the metal) Exception #2: 2, Write the name of the second element (the nonmetal) with an ~ide ending. xamples: Determining the Roman Numeral for Transition Metals Bonding Unit bPractice Time! (with Exception #2) How to Determine the Formula for an Ionic Compound w/ Transition metals Name > Formula 1. Write down the ions of each element with charge (aka the symbol with its oxidation #) 2. Determine the # of each ion it takes to make a compound with no charge (aka “crisscross applesauce” the charges) 3. Write down the formula using subscripts to show how many of each ion it took 4, Reduce/Simplify (if needed) Practice Time! (with Exception #2) Bonding Unit i"SUMMARY: Steps for Naming Ionic Compounds Formula > Name SUMMARY: Steps for Writing Chemical Formulas for Ionic Compounds Name > Formula Practice Time! Bonding UnitHelpful Hints for Ionic Compounds Create a memory tool for the steps for naming and writing chemical formulas for ‘Summary Concept 2 ionic compounds. Bending UnitPractice: Basic Ionic Compounds Name the following ionic compounds. 1. Alls 3. MgBr, 4. CaP) 5. NaCl Write the chemical formula for the following ionic compounds. 6. Beryllium oxide 7. Sodium nitride 8. Calcium iodide 9. Magnesium sulfide 10, Aluminum sulfide Bonding UnitPractice: Ionic Compounds with Polyatomic Ions Name the following ionic compounds. 1. Ba(NOs), 2. (NH,):0 3. Na,SO, 4, Cax(PO,)2 5. MgCO, Write the chemical formula for the following ionic compounds. 6. Calcium sulfate 7. Calcium sulfide 8, Potassium phosphate 9. Sodium chlorate 10, Ammonium acetate Bonding UnitPractice: Ionic Compounds with Transition Metals Name the following ionic compounds. 1. FeyNy 3. MnO 4. So(NOs)s 5. CuSO, ‘Write the chemical formula for the following ionic compounds. 6. Gold (III) chloride 7. Zine (Il) phosphate 8. Nickel (II) oxide 9. Copper (Il) hydroxide 10, Tron (II) phosphide Bonding UnitPracti : Tonic Compounds [Name the following ionic compounds Write the chemical formula fr the following ionic compounds. 1. Mg(NO4): 11. Copper (1) chloride 2, Mn 12, Magnesium bromide 3. 0 13, Vanadium (I) nitride 4, LiCO, 14, Iron (It fluoride 5. Ca(OH), 15. Lithium acetate 6. NisP, . 16, Sodium carbonate 1. KsPO, 17, Tin (I) sulfate 8. TWO), 18, Calcium sulfide 9, Zu 19, Ammonium nitrate 10, NHC 20. Sodium phosphate Bonding Unit: Tonic Naming Race 1. NaF 13. Potassium fluoride 2. SS 14. Ammonium sulfate 3. Cu,$ 15. Magnesium iodide 4. K,CO; 16. Copper (II) sulfate 5. MgCl, 17. Aluminum phosphate 6. Be(OH), 18. Lead (II) nitrate 7. Znly 19. Cobalt (II) selenide 8. Ca;(PO,)s 20. Silver (1) nitrate 9. NHI 21. Copper (II) carbonate 10. Mn(NO,)3 22. Iron (III) oxide 11. FePO, 23. Lithium nitrate 12. CoCO; 24, Lead (IV) sulfate Bonding UnitConcept 3 Notes: Naming Covalent Compounds Questions/Vocabulary Covalent Bond Molecule Single bond BE #1: a Example #2: H20 Double bond Example #1: O2 Example #2: COz Bonding UnitTriple bond Properties of Covalent Compounds Properties of Ionic Compounds Bonding Unitmmary Concept 3 How to determine the Name for a Covalent Compound Formula > Name Example: Name the compound P:Os. How to Determine the Formula for a Covalent Compound Name > Formula 1 Example: What is the formula for dichlorine monoxide? Practice Time Create a memory tool for the steps for naming and writing chemical formulas for covalent compounds. I I I Bonding UnitPractice: Drawing Covalent and Ionic Bonds Label each of the following as ionic or covalent, based on the type of bond the two elements will form. Then draw an electron dot diagram to show the compound that wil form between each ofthe elements below. Include the chemical ‘formula to the side of your drawing. Hydrogen and Iodine 2. Carbon and Chlorine 3. Magnesium and Oxygen 4, Silicon and Oxygen 5, Zine (1) and Bromine Bonding UniePractice: Covalent Compounds Name the following covalent compounds, 5, PCh ‘Write the chemical formula for the following covalent compounds, 6. Carbon disulfide 7. Silicon dioxide 8. Dinitrogen monoxide 9. Hexaboron monosilicide 10, Hydrogen monoiodide Bonding UnitPractice: Mixed Compounds Label whether the following compounds are ionic or covalent. Then name them using appropriate rules. 1, LiOH 3. (NH):S 5. ZnCOs 8. ANC;H;02)s 9. AgBr 10. CH, Bending Unit Label whether the following compounds are ionic or covalent. Then determine their chemical formulas using appropriate rules. 11, Phosphorous tritodide 12. Iodine pentafluoride 13. Sodium carbonate 14, Ammonium sulfide 15. Hydrogen triiodide 16. Copper (I1) chlorate 17. Lead (IV) oxide 18, Barium hydroxide 19, Trisulfur hexafluoride 20, Manganese (III) bromideActivity: Mixed Naming Race 1. $40, 21. Copper (II) hydroxide 2. Ag;PO, 22. Diantimony pentoxide 3. ZnF, 23. Tricarbon hexabromide 4. K,CO; 24, Ammonium sulfide 5. HI 25, Aluminum acetate 6. NBy 26. Sodium nitrate 7. CoP; 27. Copper (1) hydroxide 8, K,S0, 28. Vanadium (V) oxide 9. Fe,0; 29. Tin (IV) bromide 10. C(CIOs)s 30. Gold (1) chloride 11. NO, 31, Trisulfur dinitride 2 32. Rubidium nitrate 13, P,Os 33. Tellurium hexafluoride 14. NH,C,H,0, 34, Nickel (Il) fluoride 15, Ba(NO,); 35. Manganese (II) oxide 16. PSip 36. Carbon monoxide 17. HO; 37. Silver (1) sulfate 18. CrCl; 38. Chromium (III) phosphate 19. IEs 39. Tetracarbon decachloride 0. G0 40. Beryllium nitride Bonding UnitTask Cards: Bonding Review Travel to each card in the room and write your answers to the question below. You do not have to go in order, just make sure you get fo every card, and write your answers in the appropriate box. # #2 *3 a4 #8 ca #1 #8 24 - | | #0 #i - #2 #8 #i #5 a Bonding Unit aATy #17 #8 #4 #20 #2 #2 +2 #2 *B #2 #21 +2 #4 #30 Bonding Unit