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Experiment 2 CHM420

This document is a lab report for CHM 420 submitted by Muhammad Syazwan Bin Zainol in December 2022. It examines the experiment to determine the percentage of water in hydrated compounds both qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitatively, copper (II) sulphate pentahydrate was heated and its behavior was observed. Quantitatively, the percentages of water in barium chloride and magnesium sulfate hydrates were calculated based on mass loss from heating. The student was able to successfully identify the objectives and calculate water percentages to characterize the unknown hydrates.

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Diniy Ishqandar
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18 views7 pages

Experiment 2 CHM420

This document is a lab report for CHM 420 submitted by Muhammad Syazwan Bin Zainol in December 2022. It examines the experiment to determine the percentage of water in hydrated compounds both qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitatively, copper (II) sulphate pentahydrate was heated and its behavior was observed. Quantitatively, the percentages of water in barium chloride and magnesium sulfate hydrates were calculated based on mass loss from heating. The student was able to successfully identify the objectives and calculate water percentages to characterize the unknown hydrates.

Uploaded by

Diniy Ishqandar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TITLE : CHM 420 LAB REPORT

SEMESTER DEC 2022 (EXPERIMENT 2)

NAME : MUHAMMAD SYAZWAN BIN ZAINOL

STUDENT ID : 2022862752

GROUP : AS2291B

TYPE OF FILE : PDF


INTRODUCTION
Hydrated compound is a compound which contains a definite amount of water molecules
chemically combined, for examples:
CaSO4 ∙ 2H2O Calcium sulphate dehydrate
CoCl2 ∙ 6H2O Cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate
The word hexahydrate indicates that six water molecules are bound in the substance. Many
anhydrous compounds have a strong tendency to absorb water vapour from the air to form
hydrated compounds. The amount of water will be determined qualitative where the behavior of
a hydrate will be observed when the sample is heated and the quantitative where the amount of
water driven off can be determined by heating the sample to constant weight. The percentage of
water in the sample can be determined as amount of mass loss.

OBJECTIVES
To determine the percentage of water in an unknown hydrate qualitatively and quantitatively.
RESULTS
CALCULATION
BaCl2xH2O

MgSO4xH2O

NiCl2xH2O
DISCUSSION

The purpose of this experiment is to determine the percentage of water in an unknown


hydrate qualitatively and quantitative. The objective of this experiment was successfully
identified. In qualitative determination of water experiment, Copper (II) sulphate pentahydrate
was heated and decomposed from hydrate to the dehydrate form. The hydrated form is blue solid
and dehydrate solid is water. Next, a few drops of water were added inside and make the
dehydrated white solid compound was turned blue solid because exothermic reaction was occur.
The tubes become hot if the water was added inside slowly.
In quantitative determination of water in experiment B of BaCl2, subtract mass of
crucible + cover + sample with mass of crucible + cover to get mass of initial mass. So it will get
0.9878 g. Next, after 2nd heating, the sample with crucible and cover was abstract with mass of
crucible + cover + sample and the result will get 0.165 g after subtract. The percentage of the
water successfully calculated by using this formula; % H2O / hydrated × 100% and got 85.69%
in this experiment . in conclusion, copper (II) sulphate pentahydrate is considered true hydrates
as the hydration process was. To calculate the empirical formula, the mass need to divide with
the molar mass to get mol then the mole ratio can be calculated by divide with the smallest mol.
The precaution step is we have to note the mass of the crucible + cover + sample in 4 decimal
places.

QUESTIONS

1. CuSO4 . 5H2O(s) heat 5CuSO4(s) + H2O(g)

2. Mass of hydrated compound (MgSO4.x H2O) = 1.0302g

Mass of H2O = 0.494g

0.494𝑔
% of H2O = 1.0302𝑔 × 100%
= 47.95%

3. Chemical formula : 3MgSO4 . H2O


CONCLUSION

The purpose of this experiment is to determine the percentage of water in an unknown hydrate
qualitative and quantitative. The objective of this experiment was successfully identified.

REFERENCE
Michael Vitarelli (Jun 4, 2020), Water of Hydration Virtual Experiment,
https://youtu.be/8q6sIofY8JY

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