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Lab Manual 1 OS (Installing Linux)

The document provides instructions for installing Ubuntu Linux using Oracle VirtualBox on a Windows computer. It describes downloading and installing VirtualBox, downloading the Ubuntu ISO file, creating a new virtual machine in VirtualBox, configuring storage to use the ISO file, and walking through the Ubuntu installation process within the virtual machine. Key steps include allocating RAM and disk storage, setting up the virtual optical drive to use the ISO file, and restarting after installation is complete.

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parala6768
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59 views

Lab Manual 1 OS (Installing Linux)

The document provides instructions for installing Ubuntu Linux using Oracle VirtualBox on a Windows computer. It describes downloading and installing VirtualBox, downloading the Ubuntu ISO file, creating a new virtual machine in VirtualBox, configuring storage to use the ISO file, and walking through the Ubuntu installation process within the virtual machine. Key steps include allocating RAM and disk storage, setting up the virtual optical drive to use the ISO file, and restarting after installation is complete.

Uploaded by

parala6768
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UET TAXILA

Operating Systems

Installing Linux

Lab Manual - 1
OS
Installing Virtual box:
For installing Linux, there are two methods. One is to install Linux side by side with
Windows and the other method is to install Linux on Virtual box. We are going to use the
second method. So, we must download virtual box from the link below:

Download VirtualBox

On clicking the link you will be redirected to the following page on the web. You need to
click on the highlighted link (Windows hosts depending on your operating system) and the
download will start automatically.

You will get the following .exe file in your downloads folder. Just double click it and go
through the wizard by clicking next and finally clicking install.
After installation is finished, you can launch the virtual box by double clicking on the
shortcut which was created on the desktop, and you will get the following screen.
You will have blank space on the left side (you will not have any of the above machines) as I
have installed these virtual machines after installation, but all other display will be the same.

But after following the steps given below, you will have your Ubuntu here.

Downloading Ubuntu setup:


Before creating our virtual machine, we need to download the setup of Ubuntu from the link
given below:

Download Ubuntu

You will be redirected to the following page. Click on “Download” to install the 20.04.3 LTS
version of size 2.86 GB approximately. While the setup downloads, you can carry on with the
steps to create virtual machine which are given on next page.

Create Virtual Machine

Click on the “New” button to create a virtual machine


Now type the name whatever you like. But I will recommend using the word “ubuntu” in
your name as it will automatically set the type and version. I have used “ubuntu OS lab”. But
there is no issue if you did not want to use this word you can set it manually. The type must
be “Linux” and version must be “Ubuntu (64-bit)”. Now click “Next”.
Optional: You can change location of machine wherever you want if you have less storage in
your default location.
Now, select the memory size which you want to allocate to your virtual machine. Virtual box
recommends you allocate at least 1GB of RAM. I recommend you allocate between 1GB to
4GB of RAM. Here since I have 8GB of RAM I am allocating 2GB of RAM. Don’t worry if
you don’t have much RAM, you can change it later in the settings. After selecting RAM click
“Next”.
Now, we need to create a virtual hard for our virtual machine. So, as the option “Create a
virtual hard disk now” is already selected we just need to click “Create” here.
Leave this setting unchanged (Select VDI) and click “Next”.
Now, here if you have limited space available like me then you should select “Dynamically
allocated”. But if you have sufficient space and you want good performance then you should
select “Fixed size”. After selecting your desired option click “Next”.
Here again if you want, you can change the location of your virtual disk image, but I am
leaving it default. Now, you can allocate it space according to your choice. I will recommend
giving it at least 10GB but for me I am giving it almost 20GB and click “Create”.
Remember:
You can not change the storage space later so, choose it carefully. If you want to change the
storage space, you must create another virtual machine.
Congratulations! the virtual machine has been created. Now, we can proceed to install our
Ubuntu.
Now, right click on your newly created virtual machine present on the left hand and click on
the “Settings” option.
After clicking “Settings”, the above screen will appear. Here, by default you will be on
“General” settings. Click on “Storage” then click on “Empty” present under Controller: IDE
option. After that click on the blue disk present on the right side and click on “Choose a disk
file”. It will redirect you to the windows explorer.
Optional:
This is the place where you can change your memory given to the virtual machine, can
change the number of processors given to the virtual machine, can change the video memory
given to the virtual machine and many more options.
Now, in the windows explorer you must select the Disk image (.iso file) of the ubuntu which
you have downloaded above and click “Open”. (The file should be in your downloads folder).
Now, press OK.
Now after selecting your virtual machine, click on “Start” present above.
After starting your machine, the machine will start and perform disk checking. If it will not
start or you have any error in disk checking, then you have done some mistake in the above
steps. You may need to remove your machine along with all files and again carefully follow
the above steps.
After disk checking, you will have the welcome machine. Click on “Install Ubuntu” to
continue the process.
Let the keyboard layout remain same and click continue.
As we are installing Ubuntu for lab, so I am leaving it default and not selecting to install third
party software. So, just click on “Continue”.
Leave it on the option “Erase disk and install Ubuntu”. So, just click “Install Now”.
It will ask you to write the changes to disks. Just click “Continue”.
Tell them where you are. Now press “Continue”.
Now tell them who you are (fill your information). It is better to leave it at “Require my
password to log in”. But you can choose whatever you want. Now click “Continue”.
First it will start copying files, but it will take short.
Then it will start installing. It might take long as it takes my 18 minutes to install.
After installation, you need to restart the virtual machine.
After restart, the login screen will appear. You might need to press Enter after restart to have
login screen.

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