ILIGAN

CATALYST PRO TUTORIAL & REVIEW CENTER. PAGADIAN

where your future begins…
MARANDING
LET REVIEW - 1 and 0
LECTURE NOTES LIST OF PRIME NUMBER FROM 1 TO 100
2 3 5 7 11
FUNDAMENTALS OF MATHEMATICS 13 17 19 23 29
31 37 41 43 47
REAL NUMBERS SYSTEM 53 59 61 67 71
 Rational Numbers 73 79 83 89 97
o Integers
 Natural Numbers Exercise 2. Answer the following item.
 0, Counting Numbers 1. How many prime numbers are between 1 and 100?_______
o Non-Integers 2. How many composite numbers are from 1 and 100?______
 Fractions
- n/m, where n & m are whole numbers PLACE VALUE
 Proper The position of every digit in a number
 Improper o whole numbers
 Mixed  ones, tens, hundreds, thousands, …
 Decimal Example: 4539 = 4 thousands
 Repeating 5 hundreds
 Terminating 3 tens
 Irrational 9 ones
- numbers that cannot be written in fraction form Written in number sentence, it will become
- non-repeating and non-terminating Four thousand, five hundred, thirty-nine.
Ex. Pi (π) = 3.141592…
o w/ decimal point
 tenths, hundredths, thousandths…
Example: 2387.59 = 2 thousands
3 hundreds
Non
8 tens
Terminating
7 ones
Decimals and (for decimal point)
5 tenths
Non 9 hundredths
Repeating Written in number sentence, it will become
Decimals Two thousand, three hundred, eighty-seven
and fifty-nine hundredths.
Fractions Decimals
Exercise 3. Identify the digit in the place values being indicated:
1. Hundreds 854315 _________
Exercise 1. Read each statement. Write True if the statement is 2. Ones -3438 _________
correct and False if it is not. 3. Hundredths 45.072 _________
_____1. All whole numbers are integers. Write the number sentence of each number.
_____2. Zero is a rational number. 4. 54,003 - ______________________________________
_____3. Two-sixths is a whole number. _____________________________________________
_____4. Natural numbers are integers. 5. 1,078.0181 - __________________________________
_____5. Negative numbers are whole numbers. _____________________________________________
_____6. Rational numbers are real numbers.
_____7. A non-repeating decimal like the value of pi is a ROUNDING OFF
rational number. o often done on purpose to obtain a value that is easy to write
_____8. A number less than zero is positive. and handle than the original.
_____9. A number we use to express a part of a whole is a Rules:
rational number.  Identify the number in the place value and look for the
_____10. A number we use to count starting with 1 is a digit before the number in place value.
negative number.  If the digit is >= 5, add one to the digit on the place value
and change the remaining numbers into zero (0)
NUMBER AND ITS PROPERTIES  If the digit < 5, retain the value of the number and change
 Prime Number all the numbers after the place value to zero (0)
- factors are only 1 and itself
Examples: 2, 3, 5 7 Exercise 4. Round off the following numbers to its desired value:
 Composite Number 1. Hundreds 854315 ___________
- factors are other than 1 and itself 2. Ones -3438 ___________
Examples: 4, 6, 8, 10 3. Thousands 276348 ___________
 Special Number 4. Hundredths 45.072 ___________
- cannot be prime nor composite 5. Tenths 33.12 ___________

No part of this material may be reproduced in any form without asking permission. This is for the exclusive use of Catalyst Pro Tutorial & Review
Center.
 ILIGAN
CATALYST PRO TUTORIAL & REVIEW CENTER. PAGADIAN
where your future begins…
MARANDING
 An integer is divisible by 9 if the sum of the digits is divisible
by 9.
FUNDAMENTAL OPERATIONS Example 2312343
 Addition  An integer is divisible by 10 if its last digit is 0.
o Sum Exercise 6. Determine the possible divisors from (1-10) of the
o Plus, more than, added by, increased by following numbers.
o + 1. 213456 _____________________
 Subtraction 2. 65498264 _____________________
o Difference 3. 1233408 _____________________
o Minus, less than, subtracted by, increased by
o - GCF (Greatest Common Factor)
- the GCF of two or more numbers is the product of all the
 Multiplication
common prime factors of the numbers
o Product
LCM (Least Common Multiple)
o Doubled, twice of, multiplied by, multiple of, of - the LCM of two or more numbers is the product of all the
o x, *, ( ) common and uncommon prime factors of the numbers
 Division
o Quotient Example: 36 and 54.
o Halved, grouped by, divided by Method 1: List all the divisors of 36 and 54.
o /,_, Divisors or Factors of 36 = 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 18, 36
Rules: Divisors or Factors of 54 = 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18, 27, 54
o For addition / subtraction Common Divisors = 1, 2, 3, 6, 18
 Like sign GCF = greatest common = 18
 Perform addition and copy the sign of the given
numbers List all the multiples of the given numbers
 Unlike sign Multiples of 36 are 36, 72, 108, 144, …
 Perform subtraction and copy the sign of the bigger Multiples of 54 are 54, 108, 162, 216, …
number LCM = least common = 108
o For multiplication / division
 Like sign Method 2: Prime Factorization
 Product / quotient is positive 36 = 6 x 6 = 2 x 3 x 2 x 3 = 22 x 32
 Unlike sign 54 = 6 x 9 = 2 x 3 x 3 x 3 = 2 x 33
 Product / quotient is negative
Common Prime Factors 
Exercise 5. Perform the indicated operations Uncommon Prime Factors 
1. -9/4 – 3/4 ______ 36 = 6 x 6 = 2 x 3 x 2 x 3
2. 19/20 + 1/4 ______
54 = 6 x 9 = 2 x 3 x 3 x 3
3. 3 ½ + 3/2 ______
4. (5/3) (4 2/7) ______
GCF = common = 2x3x3 = 18
5. (7/6) ÷ (5 7/2) ______
LCM = common x uncommon = 18x2x3 = 108
DIVISIBILITY RULES
An integer is divisible a number(integer)if it can be divided Method 3: Continuous Division
exactly by the number, that is, the remainder after diving is
zero. Common factors  2 36 54
 An integer is divisible by 2 if it ends with 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8, 3 18 27
which means that the number is even.
3 6 9
 An integer is divisible by 3 if the sum of the digits is divisible
by 3. Example: 21345 Uncommon factors  2 3
 An integer is divisible by 4 if the last two digits form a GCF = Product of all Common Prime Factors = 2 x 3 x 3 = 18
number which is divisible by 4. LCM = Product of all Common & Uncommon prime factors
Example: 11312 = 18 x 2 x 3 = 108
 An integer is divisible by 5 if it ends with either 0 or 5
Example: 2000010, 345675 Exercise 7. Determine the needed information below.
 An integer is divisible by 6 if it is divisible by both 2 &3. GCF LCM
Example: 1233408 1. 18 & 24 ____ ____
 An integer is divisible by 7 if the number represented 2. 15 & 36 ____ ____
without its units digit minus twice the units digit of the 3. 12 & 60 ____ ____
original integer, is divisible by 7.
Example: 581 because 58 – 2(1) = 56 (56 is divisible by 7) RATIO AND PROPORTION
 An integer is divisible by 8 it the last three digits from a
number which divisible by 8. RATIO
Example: 4572128  a comparison between two different things.
No part of this material may be reproduced in any form without asking permission. This is for the exclusive use of Catalyst Pro Tutorial & Review
Center.
 ILIGAN
CATALYST PRO TUTORIAL & REVIEW CENTER. PAGADIAN
where your future begins…
MARANDING
 a:b (a is to b) B = P/R
 a/b = 32/20% = 32/.20 = 160
 a – antedecent, b - consquent 2. Find 65% of 75.
P=BxR
= 75 x 65% = 75 x 0.65 = 48.75
Example: In a group of people there are 6 children, 12 adults,
and 9 teenagers. Exercise 9. Solve for good.
 children to teenager 6:9 1. P25.00 is 20% of what? __________
 adults to children 12:6 2. 12 is 125% of what number? __________
 teenagers to adults 9:12 3. What percent of 16 is 40? __________
 Children to adults 6:12
MEASUREMENT
PROPORTION - magnitude of a quantity, such as length or mass

- two ratios that have been set equal to each other Systems of Measurement
- a:b=c:d or a/b = c/d a. Metric
- extremes & means b. English
Example: In a group of people there are 6 children, 12
adults, and 9 teenagers. Give the equivalent ratio in simplest CONVERSION FACTORS
form. LENGTHS WEIGHTS TIME
 children to teenager 6:9 = 2:3  1km = 1000m
 1kg = 1000g  1yr = 365days
 adults to children 12:6 = 2:1  1g = 1000mg  1m = 30d
 1m = 100cm
 teenagers to adults 9:12 = 3:4  1 ton = 1000kg  1wk = 7d
 1cm = 10mm  1kg = 1000g
 Children to adults 6:12 = 1:2  1d = 24hrs
 1ft = 12 in  1lb = 16oz  1hr = 60min
DIRECT & INDIRECT PROPORTION  1in = 2.54cm  1liter = 1000ml  1min = 60sec
In a direct proportion, an increase in one quantity results in 3
 1yard = 3ft  1ml = 1cm
an increase in the other quantity and a decrease in one
 1mile = 1.6 km
quantity results in a decrease in the other quantity.
Exercise 10. Give the converted values.
In an indirect proportion, an increase in one quantity results 1. 24lbs  _______ kg 3. 120cm  _______ in
in a decrease in the other quantity and a decrease in one 2. 212miles  ________ km 4. 32weeks  ______ hrs
quantity results in an increase in the other quantity.

In a partitive proportion, involves identifying parts of a

whole based on a given ratio of two or more partition.

Exercise 8. Find the value of the missing number.

1. 2:_______ = 3:81
2. 1.5:7.5 = ______:15
3. _______:85 = 45:255
4. The ratio of boys to girls is 3:4. If there are 16 girls,
then there are ___ boys.
5. Linda walks 5 paces per second. In 15 seconds she will
have taken ____ paces.

PERCENTAGE
Percent (%) – an expression which indicates the number of
parts taken from a hundred
- Percentage is the part of the base determined by the rate
- Rate is specific kind of ratio (in %)
- Base is the whole number on which the rate operates

Formulas
P=RxB
R=P/B
B=P/R

Examples:
1. 20% of what number is 32?
No part of this material may be reproduced in any form without asking permission. This is for the exclusive use of Catalyst Pro Tutorial & Review
Center.