Python List:
A list is a data structure in Python that is a mutable, or changeable, ordered sequence of elements.
Each element or value that is inside of a list is called an item. Just as strings are defined as characters
between quotes, lists are defined by having values between square brackets [ ]
Look at a simple list that stores several names of dogs' breeds:
dog_breeds = ['corgi', 'labrador', 'poodle', 'jack russel']
print(dog_breeds) # ['corgi', 'labrador', 'poodle', 'jack russel']
In the first line, we use square brackets to create a list that contains four elements and then assign it
to the dog_breeds variable. In the second line, the list is printed through the variable's name. All the
elements are printed in the same order as they were stored in the list because lists are ordered.
Here is another list that contains five integers:
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print(numbers) # [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Lists can store duplicate values as many times as needed.
on_off_list = ['on', 'off', 'on', 'off', 'on']
print(on_off_list) # ['on', 'off', 'on', 'off', 'on']
we note that lists are:
ordered, i.e. each element has a fixed position in a list;
iterable, i.e. you can get their elements one by one;
able to store duplicate values;
able to store different types of elements.
Accessing Values in List
1. Indexing : get the single element (Get the item at position)
2. Slicing : get the sublist (subsequence from the sequential quantity) You can return a range of items
by using the
slice syntax.
st = [1, 3, 43, 4] st = [1, 4, 5, 32, 5]
d = st[0] d = st[0:3]
print(d) # output is 1 print(d) # output is [1, 4, 5]
Syntax #create list
# initialize the list (empty list)
L=[]
#integer
print("creating a list with integer number")
num = [10,20,30,40,50]
print("Total list = ",num)
print('first = %d, last = %d' %(num[0] , num[4]))
print()
#create a list with strings
print("creating a list with strings")
names = ["raju", "vani", "venu gopal", "laxmi"]
print('total list= ',names)
print('first = %s, last = %s' %(names[0],names[3]))
print()
#list functions
a = ["red","white","blue"]
b = [3,4,5,6,6]
c=a+b
print(c)
print()
#delete from list
print("delete from index1")
del a[1]
print(a)
print()
#insert in list
a.insert(2,-1) #2=position -1=value
print(a)
print()
#append in list
b.append(333)
print(b)
print()
#index in list
x = a.index("blue") #position of blue
print(x)
print()
#reverse the list
a.reverse()
print(a)
print()
#count
x = b.count(6)
print("it counts the no. of occurence of an element in a list")
print(x)
#create a list with different elements
x = [10,20,20.5,10.5,2.55,"ganesh","vishnu"]
print("total list=",x)
print('first = %d, last = %s' %(x[0],x[6]))
print()
List Comprehensions
List comprehensions provide a concise way to create lists. List comprehension is a complete substitute
for the lambda function as well as the functions map(), filter() and reduce()
The list comprehension starts with a '[' and ']', to help you remember that the
result is going to be a list.
The basic syntax is
[ expression for item in list if conditional ]
This is equivalent to:
for item in list:
if conditional:
expression
L = [2, 43, 5, 453, 5]
Out = [i+10 for i in L] # list comprehension add 10 to each elements
print(Out) # [12, 53, 15, 463, 15 ]
