Multimedia technologies

LECTURE PURPOSE:
to study means and methods of information representation in a digital
format, as well as technologies to create Business-processes.
 LECTURE CONTENT:
representation of textual, audio, video and graphic information in a
digital format. Basic technologies for information compression.
Animation and 3-D representations of the virtual world. Tools for
developing multimedia applications. Use of multimedia technologies
for planning, descriptions of business processes and their
visualization.
 What is Multimedia?
• Derived from the word “Multi” and “Media”
– Multi
• Many, Multiple,
– Media
• Tools that is used to represent or do a certain
things, delivery medium, a form of mass
communication – newspaper, magazine / tv.
• Distribution tool & information presentation – text,
graphic, voice, images, music and etc.
 DEFINITION OF
MULTIMEDIA
• Multimedia is a combination of text, graphic, sound, animation,
and video that is delivered interactively to the user by electronic or
digitally manipulated means.

GRAPHIC
TEXT

MULTIMEDIA
VIDEO
AUDIO

ANIMATION
 ELEMENTS OF
MULTIMEDIA GRAPHIC
TEXT

TEXT
MULTIMEDIA

VIDEO
AUDIO

ANIMATION

● A broad term for something that contains words to express

something.
● Text is the most basic element of multimedia.
● A good choice of words could help convey the intended message
to the users (keywords).
● Used in contents, menus, navigational buttons
 ELEMENTS OF
TEXT
MULTIMEDIA GRAPHIC

TEXT
MULTIMEDIA

VIDEO
AUDIO

ANIMATION

● Example
 ELEMENTS OF
TEXT
MULTIMEDIA GRAPHIC

GRAPHIC
MULTIMEDIA

VIDEO
AUDIO

ANIMATION

● Two-dimensional figure or illustration

● Could be produced manually (by drawing, painting,
carving, etc.) or by computer graphics technology.
● Used in multimedia to show more clearly what a
particular information is all about (diagrams, picture).
 ELEMENTS OF
TEXT
MULTIMEDIA GRAPHIC

GRAPHIC
MULTIMEDIA

VIDEO
AUDIO

ANIMATION

● Example
 ELEMENTS OF
TEXT
MULTIMEDIA GRAPHIC

AUDIO MULTIMEDIA

VIDEO
AUDIO

ANIMATION

● Produced by vibration, as perceived by the

sense of hearing.
● In multimedia, audio could come in the form of
speech, sound effects and also music score.
 ELEMENTS OF
TEXT
MULTIMEDIA GRAPHIC

AUDIO MULTIMEDIA

VIDEO
AUDIO

ANIMATION

● Example
 ELEMENTS OF
TEXT
MULTIMEDIA GRAPHIC

ANIMATION
MULTIMEDIA

VIDEO
AUDIO

ANIMATION

● The illusion of motion created by the consecutive

display of images of static elements.
● In multimedia, animation is used to further enhance /
enriched the experience of the user to further
understand the information conveyed to them.
 ELEMENTS OF
TEXT
MULTIMEDIA GRAPHIC

ANIMATION
MULTIMEDIA

VIDEO
AUDIO

ANIMATION

● Example
 ELEMENTS OF
TEXT
MULTIMEDIA GRAPHIC

VIDEO
MULTIMEDIA

VIDEO
AUDIO

ANIMATION

● Is the technology of capturing, recording, processing,

transmitting, and reconstructing moving pictures.
● Video is more towards photo realistic image sequence /
live recording as in comparison to animation.
● Video also takes a lot of storage space. So plan carefully
before you are going to use it.
 INTERACTIVE
MULTIMEDIA
• When the user is given the option of controlling the elements.

Hyper Media
● A combination of hypertext, graphics,
audio, video, (linked elements) and
interactivity culminating in a complete,
non-linear computer-based experience.
 EXAMPLE
• Interactive Multimedia
 Hyper Media EXAMPLE
Video link

Image link

Audio Link
LINEAR VS NON-LINEAR
LINEAR • A Multimedia Project is identified as Linear when:
– It is not interactive
– User have no control over the content that is being
showed to them.
• Example: A movie; A non-interactive lecture / demo show

NON-LINEAR
● A Multimedia Project is identified as Non-Linear when:
● It is interactive
● Users have control over the content that is being showed to
them.
● Users are given navigational control
● Example: Games; Courseware; Interactive CD
 AUTHORING TOOLS
• Use to merge multimedia elements (text,
audio, graphic, animation, video) into a project.
• Designed to manage individual multimedia
elements and provide user interaction (if
required).
 AUTHORING TOOLS
Example:
Macromedia Authorware

Macromedia
Director

Macromedia
Flash

Microsoft
Power Point
 IMPORTANCE OF MULTIMEDIA

• There are a number of fields where multimedia could be of use.

Examples are:-
– Business
– Education
– Entertainment
– Home
– Public Places
 IMPORTANCE OF MULTIMEDIA
• Business
– Use and Applications
• Sales / Marketing Presentation
• Trade show production
• Staff Training Application
• Company Kiosk

● Education
● Use and Applications
● Courseware / Simulations
● E-Learning / Distance Learning
● Information Searching
 IMPORTANCE OF MULTIMEDIA

• Entertainment
– Use and Applications
• Games (Leisure / Educational)
• Movies
• Video on Demand
– Online
● Home
● Use and Applications
● Television
● Satellite TV
● SMS services (chats, voting, reality TV)

● Public Places
● Use and Applications
● Information Kiosk
● Smart Cards, Security
 Introduction to Multimedia System
A multimedia system supports the integrated storage,
transmission and representation of the discrete media
types text, graphics and image and the continuous
media types audio and video on a digital computer.

Text, ....
Digitalize
Speech, Audio

Playback
Animation
(Still Image) Video Interactive
 History of Multimedia
Systems
Newspaper were perhaps the first mass
communication medium to employ Multimedia,
they used mostly text, graphics, and images.
In 1895, Gugliemo Marconi sent his first
wireless radio transmission at Pontecchio, Italy. A
few years later (in 1901) he detected radio waves
beamed across the Atlantic. Initially invented for
telegraph, radio is now a major medium for audio
broadcasting.
Television was the new media for the 20th
century. It brings the video and has since
changed the world of mass communications.
➢The term “MULTIMEDIA” was first used by BOB GOLDSTEIN in July
1996 to promote opening of his light works.

➢In 1970s the term was used to describe presentations consisting of

multi-projector slide shows timed to an audio track.

➢In 1990s ‘multimedia ‘ took on its current meaning.

➢TAY VAUGHAN declared “Multimedia as combination of text, graphic

art, sound, animation, and video that is delivered by computer.

➢In common usage, the term multimedia refers to an electronically

delivered combination of media including video, still images, audio,
text in such a way that can be accessed interactively.

➢Computers marketed in 1990s were referred to as “MULTIMEDIA

COMPUTERS” because they contained a CD-ROM drive.
 MULTIMEDIA
➢ Multimedia is media and content that uses a combination of different content
forms.

➢ The term is used in contrast to media which only use traditional forms of printed
or hand-produced material.

➢ Multimedia includes a combination of

▪ Text
▪ Audio
▪ Still images
▪ Animation video
▪ Interactivity content forms.
TYPES OF MULTIMEDIA
Characteristics of a Multimedia System
A Multimedia system has four basic characteristics:
•M u l t i m e d i a s y s t e m s m u s t b e c o m p u t e r
controlled.

•Multimedia systems are integrated.

•The information they handle must be represented

digitally.

•The interface to the final presentation of media is

usually
interactive
CURRENT DEFINITION OF MULTIMEDIA IN ICT
In the field of Information and Communication
Technology, multimedia means more than the use of the
various media. A computer user interacts with the
computer to perform tasks such as finding information or
play games to develop a skill.
Thus, the meaning of multimedia has changed as
technology advanced in our lives.
HARDWARE AND EDITING SOFTWARE FOR
MULTIMEDIA PRODUCTION

In producing a multimedia program, we need to: collect

data for the 5 basic elements of multimedia: text,
animation, graphics, video and audio by using hardware.
Multimedia products

Features of
Multimedia products

Combination in one product text, graphic, audio, video, animation

The presence of interactive mode of operation

The ability to quickly find information

Extensive navigation options

Ability to work in real time, at a slowed or accelerated pace

Friendly User Interface

 MULTIMEDIA TODAY
➢ Multimedia and its related applications have almost
become synonymous with modern technology; given the
kind of explosion the technological realm has seem.
➢ Multimedia makes our life easier several times fold. It is
through multimedia that mobile phones can be used for a
number of purposes.
➢ With the introduction of newer generation of mobile
phones and more advanced communication protocols,
the number of multimedia uses that your phone can be
put to keeps growing.
➢ Video conferencing which enables people across global
borders to communicate with each other in real time is
an excellent example of how multimedia has benefited
the world of communications and telephony.
 SCOPE OF MULTIMEDIA
➢ The technology of multimedia design utilizes various
features like animation, video, graphics, audio and sound
to impress the users.
➢ Multimedia technology is used for 3D cinema applications
and mobile 3DTV environments.
➢ Animation is also being used in titling films, creating
special effects or in web entertainment programs. Thus
scope of animation is huge in context to market.
➢ In the field of education multimedia is being used
extensively especially for online courses and trainings.
➢Multimedia is also used in advertising purposes.
 ADVANTAGES
➢ Multimedia enhances the effect of text presentations.

➢ Improves the quality of presentation and retains the attention of

audience.

➢ It can be used for educational as well as entertainment purpose.

➢ It is quick and easier to operate for the instructor.

➢ Multimedia presentations can be modified very easily.

➢ Multimedia is Entertaining as Well as Educational.

 DISADVANTAGES:
➢ Non-interactive – if one-way, no feedback.

➢ Complex to create.

➢ Time consuming.

➢ Use of multimedia is expensive.

➢ COMMERCIAL
▪ Much of the electronic old and new media used by commercial
artists is multimedia.
▪ Exciting presentations are used to keep attention
grab and in advertising.

➢ ENTERTAINMENT AND FINE ARTS

▪ Multimedia is heavily used in the entertainment industry, especially to
develop special effects in movies and animations.
▪ Multimedia games are also very popular.
➢ EDUCATION
▪ Multimedia is used to produce computer-based training courses.
▪ Edutainment is an informal term used to describe combining
education with entertainment, especially multimedia entertainment.

➢ ENGINEERING
▪ Software engineers may use multimedia in Computer Simulations.
▪ Multimedia for software interfaces are often done as a collaboration
between creative professionals and software engineers.
➢ Design could benefit tremendously from open and
collaborative multimedia research.

➢ Multimedia and graphics can be a very effective tool to

communicate, educate, compel, and convince you and/or
your audience.

➢ Multimedia can help to gain and hold attention,

make points clearer, stimulate discussion, and in general,
enhance the learning process, if it also includes the
appropriate human elements.
 THE KEY ISSUES MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS
▪How to represent and store temporal information?
▪How to strictly maintain the temporal relationships on play back/retrieval?
▪What process are involved in the above?

▪ Data has to represented digitally so many initial source of data needs to be digitise --
translated from analog source to digital representation. They will involve scanning (graphics, still
images), sampling (audio/video) although digital cameras now exist for direct scene to digital
capture of images and video.

▪ The data is large several Mb easily for audio and video – therefore storage, transfer (bandwidth)
and processing overheads are high. Data compression techniques very common.
 COMPONENTS OF A MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM
Capture devices
Video Camera, Video Recorder, Audio Microphone, Keyboards,
mice, graphics tablets, 3D input devices, tactile sensors, VR
devices. Digitising/Sampling Hardware

Storage Devices
Hard disks, CD-ROMs, Jaz/Zip drives, DVD, etc

Communication Networks
Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, ATM, Intranets, Internets.

Computer Systems
Multimedia Desktop machines, Workstations, MPEG/VIDEO/DSP
Hardware

Display Devices
CD-quality speakers, HDTV,SVGA, Hi-Resolution monitors,
Color printers etc.
 APPLICATIONS
➢World Wide Web
➢Hypermedia courseware
➢Video conferencing
➢Video-on-demand
➢Interactive TV
➢Groupware
➢Home shopping
➢Games
➢Virtual reality
➢Digital video editing and production systems
➢Multimedia Database systems
Areas of use for multimedia

Educa
tion

Electronic textbook
AREAS OF USE FOR MULTIMEDIA
Education
Multimedia directory
AREAS OF USE FOR MULTIMEDIA

Virtual laboratory
AREAS OF USE FOR MULTIMEDIA

Science and
Technology

Computer Simulation System

 AREAS OF USE FOR MULTIMEDIA
Tourism

Computer guide
AREAS OF USE FOR MULTIMEDIA
Computer games
 THANK YOU

FOR YOUR ATTENTION!