Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 56 views

    6 Pre-Transfusion Testing

    Uploaded by

    Rhema Ayuh
    This document outlines the steps for pre-transfusion testing which includes ensuring compatibility between donor and recipient blood to prevent adverse reactions. It discusses requesting testing, properly identifying and collecting patient samples, determining ABO and Rh blood groups, antibody screening, crossmatching, and managing the issuing and return of blood products. The goal is to select the appropriate donor blood and detect any antibodies to maximize safety and benefit for the patient receiving a transfusion.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    6 Pre-Transfusion Testing

    Uploaded by

    Rhema Ayuh
    56 views24 pages
    This document outlines the steps for pre-transfusion testing which includes ensuring compatibility between donor and recipient blood to prevent adverse reactions. It discusses requesting testing, properly identifying and collecting patient samples, determining ABO and Rh blood groups, antibody screening, crossmatching, and managing the issuing and return of blood products. The goal is to select the appropriate donor blood and detect any antibodies to maximize safety and benefit for the patient receiving a transfusion.

    Original Title

    6 pre-transfusion testing

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document outlines the steps for pre-transfusion testing which includes ensuring compatibility between donor and recipient blood to prevent adverse reactions. It discusses requesting testing, properly identifying and collecting patient samples, determining ABO and Rh blood groups, antibody screening, crossmatching, and managing the issuing and return of blood products. The goal is to select the appropriate donor blood and detect any antibodies to maximize safety and benefit for the patient receiving a transfusion.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    56 views24 pages

    6 Pre-Transfusion Testing

    Uploaded by

    Rhema Ayuh
    This document outlines the steps for pre-transfusion testing which includes ensuring compatibility between donor and recipient blood to prevent adverse reactions. It discusses requesting testing, properly identifying and collecting patient samples, determining ABO and Rh blood groups, antibody screening, crossmatching, and managing the issuing and return of blood products. The goal is to select the appropriate donor blood and detect any antibodies to maximize safety and benefit for the patient receiving a transfusion.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 24

    PRE-TRANSFUSION TESTING

    MTBT 2114 FUNDAMENTAL OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION

    TERRY ANSLEM RIMPA


    ILKKM KUCHING 2023
    Learning objective
    01 Understanding the purpose and importance of p
    erforming pre transfusion testing

    02 Understanding the steps in pre transfusion testi


    ng

    03 Understanding the management of issuing blood includin


    g storage and transportation of blood to the ward

    04 Understanding the management of returning bl


    ood
    Topic overview
    Introduction
    Pre-transfusion testing:
    -a series of serologic and non serologic protocols
    and testing procedure
    -to ensure compatibility
    -to prevent an immune mediated hemolytic t
    ransfusion reaction
    Request for testing
    -first step
    -the patient must give written informed consent prior
    to transfusion
    -consists of:
    • Patient information (full name, id, test requested)
    • Must be documented legibly
    • History of previous transfusion
    -repeat testing should not be requested if the patient
    has current valid testing
    Patient identification, sample collection and lab
    elling
    -specific policy and procedure for identification and labelling
    (patient and donor)
    -patient identification must be verified at the time of sample
    collection (IC, passport, hospital registration number etc)
    -don’t collect sample if:
    • Inaccuracies detected
    • Discrepancies
    -use EDTA bottle or plain tube (depending on local policy)
    -make sure the sample are free from hemolysis
    -practice bed side labelling
    Patient identification, sample collection and lab
    elling

    -clarify any transfusion history


    -collect sample 96 hours prior to transfusion for:
    • Patient who have recently transfused with the red cells
    • Pregnant women within the previous 3 months
    • Uncertain history patient
    -repeat sample after 96 hours (to avoid possibility of new
    antibody development in patients exposed to red cells ant
    igens by transfusion or pregnancy)
    Patient identification, sample collection and lab
    elling
    -for infants 4 months and below, collect 1.5 to 2.0ml blood
    sample in EDTA tube and 3-5ml sample in EDTA from
    the mother (single request)
    -for infants older than 4 months, 3-5 ml of blood sample
    should be taken in EDTA tube
    -for elective case (plan for surgery etc, by appointment)
    samples should be ready 24 hours before arrival EXCEPT for
    rare blood group or Rh negative patient should be ready 5 days
    before arrival
    Determination of ABO
    -to determine the patient’s correct ABO group
    -should be carried twice, by 2 persons and from
    different cell suspension
    -the most critical pre-transfusion serologic test
    -f irst step in determine matched donor before
    proceed with compatibility test
    -if the ABO forward and reverse grouping results
    fail to give correct answer, additional testing must
    be conducted to resolve the discrepancies
    Determination of Rh D Group

    -to determine the patient’s rhesus


    -a critical test to determine either the patient’s
    should be transfused with rhesus negative of r
    hesus positive
    -able to trigger antibody response after ABO blood
    group
    Crossmatching

    -a routine test in blood transfusion lab


    -a final check of ABO compatibility between donor
    and patient
    -may detect the presence of an antibody in the
    patient’s serum that will react with antigens on the
    donor red blood cells
    -does not guarantee the safety of transfused blood
    due to certain condition such as low incident antigen
    or antibody
    Crossmatching

    The needs of the test:


    -to choose the right donor to avoid transfusion r
    eaction
    -to detect irregular antibody in patient’s serum
    -to detect any clerical error
    -to maximized the benefit of the blood product
    Crossmatching

    -2 types of crossmatching:

    a. Major-between donor’s red blood cells and p


    atient’s serum
    b. Minor- between patient’s red blood cells and d
    onor serum
    Crossmatching

    -to detect as many clinically signif icant unexpected


    antibodies as possible
    -the recipient’s serum or plasma must be tested for
    clinically unexpected antibodies
    -detection of unexpected antibodies is important for
    the selection of donor RBC that will have the best s
    urvival rate in the patient’s circulation and to reduce
    the risk of hemolytic transfusion reaction
    Antibody screening
    -a mandatory test for all requests for transfusion
    -to detect antibody in red cells other than anti-A an
    d anti-B (unexpected antibodies)
    -will shortened the life span of red blood cells that
    has been transfused
    -records of previous transfusions shall be traced
    -any discrepancy between current and previous
    blood groups shall be fully investigated and
    documented
    Antibody screening

    SCREENING CELLS
    -commercially prepared
    -consists of 2 or 3 cells
    -derived from O cells (no anti-A and anti-B)
    -donor red cell need to be phenotype to detect antige
    n that might be clinically useful
    Antibody screening

    SCREENING CELLS

    2 VIALS 3 VIALS
    Antibody Identification

    -shall be carried out for positive antibody screening


    sample
    -further test taken for any antibody identif ication th
    at shows inconclusive result
    Management of issuing blood
    Management of issuing blood

    MANAGEMENT OF RETURNING BLOOD

    USED BLOOD BAG


    -used blood bag and blood tag/ label that has been completely
    filled up should be return to hospital blood bank within 24
    hours
    -the used blood bag must be kept for 7 days after transfusion
    in proper storage
    Management of issuing blood
    COMPATIBILITY CARD/ LABEL SHALL CONTAIN THE
    FOLLOWING INFORMATION

    a. Name of hospital f. Date of transfusion


    b. Ward g. Time transfusion starts and
    c. Full name of recipient ends
    d. IC/ Passport/ Hospital h. Volume transfused
    e. Registration number i. Adverse transfusion
    f. Recipient’s blood group reaction, if any
    and Rh typing, age and gender j. Name and signature of staff
    Management of issuing blood

    MANAGEMENT OF RETURNING BLOOD

    RETURN OF UNTRANSFUSED BLOOD


    -should be return immediately to hospital blood bank
    -untransfused blood shall be discarded unless it is kept in an
    appropriate condition and temperature
    -the ward shall inform the hospital blood bank if any
    untransfused blood returned to the blood bank has not
    complied with the storage or transportation temperature
    Management of issuing blood

    MANAGEMENT OF RETURNING BLOOD

    BLOOD REMAINING FROM DISCONTINUED TRANSFUSION


    -any blood remaining from a discontinued transfusion shall not
    be used
    -remnants of blood shall be clearly labelled as used blood and
    returned to the hospital blood bank immediately
    -details and reasons for discontinuing the transfusion shall be
    clearly documented in the patient’s case notes
    THANK YOU FOR LISTENIN
    G

    DON’T WATCH THE CLOCK, DO W


    HAT IT DOES
    KEEP GOING

    You might also like